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History Of Human Services
Human services has a rich and varied history. It begins as far back as the 1660s, in the Colonial Period when the English Colonists were settling America. They had to work with one another and the Native Americans if they were to survive, and that led them to taking in and helping many of the poor among them (Foster-Fishman & Behrens, 2007). As more people survived and the Colonies grew, the social problems grew with them. There were more people who had nowhere to go and who did not have enough food to eat. The elderly and disabled were a big part of this population, but there were also many orphans and widows (Herzberg, 2014). Charity to the poor was seen as being both a Christian duty and a social obligation. Thus began the first human service organizations in the New World. Unfortunately, many of these organizations consisted of almshouses and other places.
People could sleep and get something to eat there, but the conditions in them were deplorable at best (Herzberg, 2014). It was not until...
When Independence was gained in 1776, everything really changed for the better for those who were poor or otherwise needy (Herzberg, 2014). There was a complex governmental system put in place and people were moving more toward individuality, but that did not mean the value of helping others was diminished. Both churches and secular organizations came forward with the goal of helping the poor and allowing them to have a place to stay and enough food to eat (Hasenfeld, 1992). Both of those institutions would continue to grow and evolve for centuries to make sure people were cared for.
One of the main failings of human services was the treatment of black people after the civil war. When the slaves were freed many of them had nothing, but there were still many racist policies throughout the country that held them back (Foster-Fishman & Behrens, 2007). Rather than get help from organizations,…
References
Foster-Fishman, P.G., & Behrens, T.R. (2007). Systems change reborn: rethinking our theories, methods, and efforts in human services reform and community-based change. American Journal of Community Psychology, 39: 191 -- 196.
Hasenfeld, Y. (1992). Human services as complex organizations. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
Herzberg, J.T. (2014). Foundations in human services practice: A generalist perspective on individual, agency, and community. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education.
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