Corporate Social Responsibility (Csr) CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND GOVERNANCE

CSR

According to Idowu (Pp. 34, 2009), Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a mechanism of self-regulation that is integrated into a business model. CSR is an avenue through which a business can have mechanisms of regulating its performances and successes in the market. The components of consideration by a CSR business or corporation include immediate compliance with the company's laws, ethical considerations, together with the international and national norms of operation. In other cases, some business models have perceived CSR as a pervasive topic and undertaking that sets self-regulatory rules beyond the simple compliance of rules and ethics in business. In this case, it deals with activities that promote certain social or universal good beyond the welfare of the organization lacking in the law. The innate aim of CSR is to foster embrace of responsibility for every corporate activity and hence promote positive influence towards the environment and stakeholders like employees, customers, communities, investors, and others.

In business literature, CSR has become a pervasive topic that has put behind the innate role of the institutions (Boeger, N., Murray, R., & Villiers, 2008, pp. 43). It is a mode of governance. From the perspective that CSR is a form of governance, it is important to go beyond labeling CSR within the liberal behaviors of companies. Fo instance, it is important to emphasize the understanding and attachment of the political and historical determinants that are likely to affect the running and organizational behavior. This perspective surfaced because of the breakdown of the institutionalized states of social solidarity within the liberal market economies. Therefore, the two main perspectives of CSR, which have made it be a paradoxical phenomenon are the liberal aspect...

From the perspective of the institutional theory, one can be able to know the boundaries and relationships between societies and businesses and the way the relationships are constructed in differing ways. With an understanding of this institutional theory, one will be able to put into practice the right objectives of CSR in an extensive field of economic control.
Many firms have an arguably direct understanding of CSR because of its notion to reduce costs. Costs management is the main machine that drives the functionalism of CSR in the two perspectives. One question that remains unanswered always is that can CSR leverage cost management? Can it influence public attitudes together with recruitment to bring about social value? With these questions in mind, it becomes clear that CSR can be treated as a facet of HRM practices. CSR is linked to the employees through HRM practices and the active participation of the employees themselves in every CSR activity (O'Riordan, Zmuda, & Heinemann, 2014, pp. 67). The former is attributed to an organization that takes its employees without exploitation.

Employees are not to be exploited since they are part of the growth and development structures of any business. It is the fundamental obligation of any business not to exploit its employees. The second aspect touches on employees that volunteer within a community together. Employees have the notion of teaming up and participating in the activities of an organization or business since they feel that they are part of this big thing in their lives. On the eye of the organization, talent is increased within the organization while costs of hiring employees are decreased. This CSR type exists in most business organizations in India and China. Employees and the organization have a feeling that they can go beyond what…