Safety Assessments
The article on safety assessments in child welfare by Vial et al. (2020 looks at several types of instruments used to evaluate child safety. These tools can be used to determine if immediate action is needed to protect a child from serious harm. The study compares different safety assessment instruments. Some of the common factors evaluated include sexual abuse, physical violence, neglect, domestic violence, and substance abuse by caregivers, all of which pose an immediate threat to the child's well-being. These factors are how to look for them are essential in determining if a situation is considered "safe" or "unsafe."
One other important finding from the review is the distinction between safety and risk assessments. Safety assessments focus on the child's immediate condition and whether there are any threats of harm. Risk assessments look at potential future risks of maltreatment. This difference in assessments is that child welfare professionals can take timely actions to prevent harm if needed. In the case of safety assessments, instruments commonly look at the caregivers behavior, the child's living conditions, and any immediate physical, sexual, or emotional threats (Vial et al., 2020).
Another key theme is the variation in how these instruments conceptualize "immediate safety," with only some providing clear definitions of what constitutes an immediate threat. The instruments also vary in how exhaustively they evaluate aspects of emotional harm, domestic violence, and the caregivers mental health or substance abuse issues. Common themes across the assessments, however, show that if any of these serious threats are present, the child is considered unsafe and intervention is needed. Therefore, these tools share common elements, but they do differ in their approach to defining immediate threats, which means that more than one may be helpful in making an evaluation at any one time.
References
Vial, A., Assink, M., Stams, G. J. J., & van der Put, C. (2020). Safety assessment in child
welfare: A comparison of instruments.Children and youth services review,108, 104555.
