Krumboltzs Social Learning Theory: Implications for Disability
Krumboltzs (1979) Social Learning Theory is based upon the work of Alfred Bandura whose famous Bobo doll experiments suggested that human beings primarily learn by observing and modeling other human beings, both in good ways and bad ways. Although social behavior may partially reflect the individuals past experiences, this too is a reflection of past social baggage, observations, and what parents and teachers have taught the subject. Learning may be positive or negative. Krumboltz (1979), however, applied Banduras theory to career selection. After all, choosing and pursuing a career is a social decision.
Underlying Principles
The main underlying theory behind Krumboltz (1979) is that career choice is determined by genetic endowments and special abilities, environmental conditions and effects, the ways in which we approach tasks, and various learning experiences (p. 71). Past learning impacts future career choice. This has socio-economic implications, obviouslysomeone who has had the necessary preparation for a career to practice medicine may have a natural alacrity at science, but ideally must also have had the preparation to enable him or her to attend a school that can leverage the student to a likely placement in a good medical school. Having a parent who is a physician and can offer internships or...
These deficits may be visible or invisible. For example, someone might be a very talented musician, but visual impairment may make it difficult to find the right
teacher. Someone may have a gift at
math or science, but their lack of social skills due to being on the autism spectrum can make it difficult to gain the social experiences and connections to advance in their career. Career counselors can help the individual to bridge the gap between
disability and opportunity.
Social Learning Theory and Disabled Veterans
Social learning theory regarding career choice can be particularly useful working with disabled veterans because it can enable them to identify past strengths the veterans still possess, and leverage those gifts for future career changes and gains. For example, a veteran who may be struggling with mental health issues such as anxiety due to post traumatic stress-disorder (PTSD) may be experiencing feelings of worthlessness, and perceptions that he is weak (Depression, Trauma, and PTSD, 2021). Krumboltzs (1979) theory can enable the veteran to identify past skills to increase a sense of self-efficacy and personal fulfillment (also critical components of Krumboltzs theory). For example, a veteran who had a passion for motorcycles before entering the service who is now physically disabled might find fulfilment opening a motorcycle repair shop, using his past talents and current resources to leverage his gifts to a new career. This can also help the veteran heal from the frustration of not being mobile as he…
