Sign Up Now
Get instant access to over 1 million+ study documents
OR
Already registered? click here to login
By creating your account, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and student honor code.
From the start, social welfare policy has been shaped by the work ethic and the belief that the provision of benefits to able-bodied persons will weaken their motivation to work. As a result, the cash assistance programs including Social Security benefits, Unemployment Insurance, and Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) enforce the work ethic either by rewarding higher paid workers over those who earn less or by encouraging able-bodied persons to choose paid labor (no matter what the wage levels or working conditions) over government aid. (Abramovitz, 1988, p. 1)
The desperation that is associated with seeking public assistance, even when the opt out option does not exist, and private pension plans have declined in popularity as other forms of retirement compensation have taken their place, and more and more people are required to simply save for their old age, no matter what. The social security system does not adequately meet the needs of the population it was designed to help and this is especially true of women.
T]he single most important factor accounting for changes in family well-being was a fundamental change in family structure: divorce, death, marriage, birth, or a child leaving home. In other words, changes in the economic status of families are linked inextricably to changes in the composition of families themselves." (Berrick, 1997, p. 33)
Attempts to alter the definitions of social security that underserve women have been around as long as its original legislation, in the form of the equal rights amendment, and many other women's civil liberties organizations. Headway is being made, frequently as a secondary result of demanding and occasionally getting equal pay for equal work. The standards associated with the equal rights movement will make a difference in the foundational legislation that changes social security to better meet the needs of the people who are served by it.
References
Abramovitz, M. (1988). Regulating the Lives of Women: Social Welfare...
Boston: South End Press.
Adler, M., Bell, C., Clasen, J., & Sinfield, a. (Eds.). (1991). The Sociology of Social Security. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Berrick, J.D. (1997). Faces of Poverty: Portraits of Women and Children on Welfare. New York: Oxford University Press.
Chafe, W.H. (1978). Changing Patterns in American Culture. New York: Oxford University Press.
Choudhury, S., & Leonesio, M.V. (1997). Life-Cycle Aspects of Poverty among Older Women. Social Security Bulletin, 60(2), 17.
Gregory, R.F. (2003). Women and Workplace Discrimination: Overcoming Barriers to Gender Equality. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Hess, J.L. (1990, April 2). Social Security Wars: Confessions of a Greedy Geezer. The Nation, 250, 437.
Hoar, W.P. (2006, September 4). Social Security Con Job. The New American, 22, 43.
Iams, H.M. (1986). Employment of Retired-Worker Women. Social Security Bulletin, 49(3), 5-13.
Iams, H.M., & Ycas, M.A. (1988). Women, Marriage and Social Security Benefits. Social Security Bulletin, 51(5), 3-9.
Kingson, E.R., & Berkowitz, E.D. (1993). Social Security and Medicare: A Policy Primer. Westport, CT: Auburn House.
Lieberman, T. (1999, July 19). Social Security for Women. The Nation, 269, 6.
Midgley, J.A. & Tracy, M.B. (Eds.). (1996). Challenges to Social Security: An International Exploration. Westport, CT: Auburn House.
Nelson, R.L., & Bridges, W.P. (1999). Legalizing Gender Inequality: Courts, Markets, and Unequal Pay for Women in America. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Shlaes, a. (1999, February). Fixing Social Security. Commentary, 107, 38.
Social Security Benefits for Women Aged 62 or Older, December 1996. (1997). Social Security Bulletin, 60(4), 32.
Tanner, M.D. (Ed.). (2004). Social Security and Its Discontents:…
References
Abramovitz, M. (1988). Regulating the Lives of Women: Social Welfare Policy from Colonial Times to the Present. Boston: South End Press.
Adler, M., Bell, C., Clasen, J., & Sinfield, a. (Eds.). (1991). The Sociology of Social Security. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Berrick, J.D. (1997). Faces of Poverty: Portraits of Women and Children on Welfare. New York: Oxford University Press.
Chafe, W.H. (1978). Changing Patterns in American Culture. New York: Oxford University Press.
Under these circumstances, an ethical dilemma is born. Should society control its development or leave it to chance? And in the case that it should control it, which categories should it help? If the person in the above mentioned example is helped, we could assume that in a certain way, the person who was not helped because he or she already disposed of the necessary means, the latter one might
administered a culture survey (e.g., the OCI) to all store employees (a.k.a. "crew members") and management, do you think espoused culture as described by management would match the culture expressed by the employees? Why or why not? I think it likely that the espoused culture as described by the management of Trader Joe would match that expressed by the employees as a whole since, as the article indicates, employees receive
Blade Runner: A Marriage of Noir and Sci-Fi Blade Runner is a 1982 film noir/science fiction film set in 2019 that depicts a world that is threatened by human advancements in technology. In the film, robotic humanoids become self-aware and decide that it is within their right to live past their predetermined expiration dates and set out to find a way to live among humans and defy scientists, whom arbitrarily decided
Those officials who did look at the question of Japanese intentions decided that Japan would never attack, because to do so would be irrational. Yet what might seem irrational to one country may seem perfectly logical to another country that has different goals, values, and traditions. (Kessler 98) The failures apparent in the onset of World War II and during the course of the war led indirectly to the creation
Social Security Administration In 1935, Social Security was designed as a program to provide a safety net for those who are disabled and as supplemental retirement income. When it was first introduced, it was designed based upon the total amount of individual earnings during their career. As time went by, the program was expanded to include spouses, the children of those who are deceased and the disabled. These transformations meant that
……South African Municipalities Municipal Revenue Loss Reduction through Improved Municipal Valuation Methodologies:Balance Sheet Enhancement of South African Municipalities to Improve Rates and Taxes Revenue GenerationAbstractThis study examines the property valuation process of Municipalities in South Africa and develops a strategy for strengthening that process in order to more efficiently value properties and ultimately to enhance municipal balance sheets and increase revenue streams. This study proposes an innovative valuation method based