Speech-Language Pathology: Education, Salary & Career Outlook

Introduction to Speech-Language Pathology

The objective of this paper is to research and examine the qualifications for a career as a speech-language pathologist (SLP). Specifically examined are the educational requirements, colleges that offer preparation for this career, the costs of attending a college or university, the employment outlook, earnings, the nature of the work in this field, the working conditions, and a typical-day informational interview.

The speech-language pathologist treats individuals with speech, language, voice, and fluency disorders (U.S. Department of Labor, 1997). Specifically, the SLP treats those who are unable to produce speech sounds clearly, as well as those with problems in speech rhythm and fluency — stuttering being one common example. Direct clinical services are provided to individuals who have communication disorders. The SLP may be employed in speech, language, and hearing clinics, or may work in medical facilities alongside physicians, social workers, psychologists, and other therapists in developing and executing treatment plans. Some speech-language pathologists work in schools, assisting teachers, counseling parents, and developing both individual and group programs (U.S. Department of Labor, 1997).

A master's degree in speech-language pathology is the standard credential required in this field. Of the states that regulate speech-language pathologists, 43 require a master's degree, 375 hours of supervised clinical experience, a passing score on a national examination, and nine months of post-graduate professional experience. Continuing education requirements also apply. Medicaid, Medicare, and most private insurers require licensure before reimbursements are paid.

Educational Requirements and Certification

An individual holding a master's degree may qualify for the Certificate of Clinical Competence (CCC) offered by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). This certificate requires a master's degree, 375 hours of supervised clinical experience, completion of a nine-month post-graduate internship, and a passing score on a national examination.

As of 1993, there were 230 colleges and universities offering master's degree programs in speech-language pathology. Coursework typically includes anatomy, physiology, normal speech development, the nature of speech and language disorders, acoustics, and the psychological aspects of communication.

Many schools across the United States offer the curriculum necessary for aspiring speech-language pathologists to earn a master's degree. For the purposes of this study, a review of colleges and universities in Alabama was conducted. The following tuition and fee structures were identified:

Colleges Offering SLP Programs and Tuition Costs

University A — Fees and Tuition
In-State: 7–10 credit hours — $1,166 + $200 mandatory fees + $5 registration fee; 12 credit hours — $1,391 + $200 mandatory fees + $5 registration fee.
Out-of-State: 7–10 credit hours — $2,132 + $200 mandatory fees + $5 registration fee; 12 credit hours — $2,782 + $200 mandatory fees + $5 registration fee.

University B — Fees and Tuition
In-State: approximately $1,500; Out-of-State: approximately $3,600.

University C — Fees and Tuition
In-State: $194.00 per credit hour; Out-of-State: $388.00 per credit hour.