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Affordable Care Act
Legal Studies 101
Commerce Clause and the Affordable Care Act
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 was signed into law on March 23, 2010 and a number of provisions have already gone into effect and still others are scheduled to be implemented over the next four years (Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation sec. 2). Probably the most controversial provision is the requirement that Americans who chose not to purchase health insurance will be assessed an annual penalty for 'opting-out.' The so-called 'individual mandate' will be phased in over a period of three years, from 2014 to 2016, and individuals or families can 'purchase' the right to live without health insurance using a flat rate or percent income plan. The flat rate plan will increase over the three-year phase-in period and will eventually range from $695 to $2,085 per year. The percent income plan will increase from…
Works Cited
Fisher, Daniel. "Obamacare's Fate Rests with Poor Farmer Filburn." Forbes.com. Forbes Mag., 14 Sept. 2011. Web. 28 Oct. 2011.
Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. "Focus on Health Reform: Summary of New Health Feform Law." Kff.org. Henry J. Kaiser Foundation, 15 April 2011. Web. 28 Oct. 2011.
Huhn, Wilson. "Constitutionality of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act under the Commerce Clause and the Necessary and Proper Clause." Journal of Legal Medicine 32.2 (2011): 139-165. Electronic.
Ittleman, Fuerst. "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Challenges often turn on Interpretation of the Court's Commerce Clause Jurisprudence. FuerstLaw.com. 20 Sept. 2011. Web. 28 Oct. 2011.
Affordable Healthcare Act (ObamaCare)
The main objective of the federal government is to offer an affordable healthcare services and products to the citizens. Health is one of the development indicators in relation to the condition of the economy. In the process of enhancing the healthcare services within the United States, the government and the congress sought to adopt and implement an effective healthcare plan towards the achievement of the societal goals. This relates to the adoption and implementation of the ObamaCare in 2010. The main goal of the healthcare plan is to offer affordable health insurance for the citizens of the United States thus reduction in the growth of the healthcare spending by the society members. The affordable healthcare plan does not seek to replace the concept of private investment, Medicaid, or Medicare programs by the federal government and various states. The plan focuses on enhancing accessibility to the healthcare…
The Affordable Care Act means that health coverage will be required for almost every American and will be partially subsidized. However, it will not change the employer-centric, private-insurer-based system of financing and coverage. Demand for care will increase significantly and rapidly, but the underlying issues that created the need for a safety net in the first place will not be solved in the near future.
Feldstein (2005) argues that if national health insurance is enacted and designed as an efficient in-king subsidy, then it is questionable as to whether in-kind subsidies should be continued. The major in-kind subsidies on the demand side are Medicare, Medicaid, and the tax deductibility of medial expenses in excess of 7.5% of adjusted gross income. According to the new Act, there will not be any abolition of any of these, but there will be reductions to all of them.
Taking a closer look at all…
References.
Abelson, Reed. (2010). In health care overhaul, boons for hospitals and drug makers.
New York Times. Accessed on October 18, 20101:
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/22/business/22bizhealth.html
Becker's Hospital Review. (2009). 10 statistics about the economic impact on hospitals.
Affordable Care Act (ACA) is a new health insurance reform associated with direct advantages besides the minimal drawbacks. One advantage of this reform relates to health care intensity and quality. As a result, the cost of health care services differs according to providers in different geographic locations. Consistency could be achieved, health care quality improved, and costs minimized if providers practice consistent with best practice standards. If this is done, the unnecessary costly care will be reduced. An illustration of unnecessary costs includes the gravely high costs associated with end-of-life care (Praiser, 2012). Mostly, families and patients require expensive diagnostic procedures, tests and treatments, which have at least minimal impact on the outcome of end-of-life problems but divert funds from more worthy issues. In addition, the current system based on a free-for-service gives physicians some financial rewards. Quality review encourages evidence-based care hence offer high health care quality at lower…
References
Barr, D.A. (2011). Introduction to U.S. health policy: The organization, financing, and delivery of health care in America. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Haas, S. (2013). Debunking Myths Regarding Provisions of the Affordable Care Act. [Electronic version]. AARP The Magazine, 65 (6C), 66-69. Retrieved from http://www.aarp.org/health/health-insurance/info-09-2012/medicare-and-health-care-reform-myths.html
Praiser, D. (2012). Ethical considerations in health care reform: Pros and cons of the affordable care act. A journal on Clinics in Dermatology (2012) 30, 151 -- 155. Department of Dermatology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 601 Medical Tower, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
Shaffer, E. (2009). The Affordable Care Act: The Value of Systemic Disruption. American Journal of Public Health article
Affordable Care Act of 2010
Brief History of this Legislation -- How it Became Law
hen the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was signed into law by President Barack Obama in March, 2010, the legislative process was saturated with tension and heated rhetoric. After a bitter, chaotic period in which legislators attempted to hold "town hall" meetings to explain the benefits of the play -- and organized disruptions at those meetings set a nasty tone -- it squeaked through the U.S. Congress with hardly a vote to spare. It received no votes from Republican members of the House of Representatives and barely made it through the House (219-212), with all 178 Republicans voting "no." Not one Republican in the U.S. Senate supported the ACA; the vote was 60 Democrats to 39 Republicans.
hy was this healthcare legislation so unpopular with conservatives? The answer to that question is many-faceted, and likely boils…
Works Cited
Gorin, Stephen H. (2011). The Affordable Care Act: Background and analysis. Health & Social
Work, 36(3), 83-85.
Gruber, Jonathan. (2011). The Impacts of the Affordable Care Act: How Reasonable are the Projections? National Tax Journal, 64(3), 893-908.
Knowledge @ Wharton. (2011). Mark Pauly on the Individual Mandate. Retrieved June, 2012,
Critics of the ACA highlight several concerns, however, with the way that the law affects their businesses. For the 10,000 or so employers over 50 people who do not offer insurance, the cost per worker increases immediately. For companies just under 50 employees, this cost could even result in delayed expansion -- though arguably if their numbers are that tight they probably shouldn't expand anyway. That said, some surveys indicate that 90% of employers feel their health care costs are going to increase with the law. Those costs will largely be passed onto customers. Other employers have threatened to convert full-time employers to part-time, or otherwise reduce their FTEs (full-time equivalents) in order to lower their burdens under the law. The Congressional Budget Office, a politically-neutral entity -- has estimated that the Act might cost the U.S. economy up to 800,000 jobs by 2020 (House Oversight Committee, 2012). Libertarian think…
Works Cited:
Health Care.gov (2013). Small businesses and the Affordable Care Act. HealthCare.gov. Retrieved March 5, 2013 from http://www.healthcare.gov/law/information-for-you/small-business.html
Heritage Foundation. (2013). The impact of Obamacare. Heritage Foundation. Retrieved March 5, 2013 from http://www.heritage.org/research/projects/impact-of-obamacare
House Oversight Committee. (2012). Examining the impact of Obamacare on job creators and the economy. Committee on Oversight & Government Reform. Retrieved March 5, 2013 from http://oversight.house.gov/hearing/examining-the-impact-of-obamacare-on-job-creators-and-the-economy/
Kaiser. (2013). Employer responsibility under the Affordable Care Act. Kaiser Family Foundation. Retrieved March 5, 2013 from http://healthreform.kff.org/the-basics/employer-penalty-flowchart.aspx
Affordable Care Act (ACA)
On March 2010, the U.S. Congress passed the Patient Affordable Care Act (ACA), a portion of legislation intended to redesign the nation's healthcare framework and amplify health protection to a huge number of uninsured Americans. The law incorporates various provisions that endeavor to achieve this objective. It creates access to healthcare insurance coverage through shifting premiums to be based on an individual's health condition and barring persons with pre-existing medical conditions.
Who is newly covered and how is this achieved?
To minimize the unfavorable selection that could emerge because of certain provisions, ACA incorporates different provisions like premium and expense sharing subsidies controlled by means of a Health Benefits Exchange (HBE) and tax fines for individuals who do not buy sufficiently important health protection coverage plans. The ACA incorporates extra provisions to extend health coverage to U.S. inhabitants like the choice for states to increase Medicaid…
References
Davidson, S.M. (2013). A new era in U.S. health care: Critical next steps under the Affordable Care Act. Burlington, Mass: Cengage Learning.
Dietrich, M.O., & Anderson, G.D. (2012). The financial professional's guide to healthcare reform. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley.
Faguet, G.B. (2013). The Affordable Care Act: A missed opportunity, a better way forward. New York: Algora Pub.
Hanson, A., & Levin, B.L. (2013). Mental health informatics. New York: Oxford University Press.
To make matters worse the stagnant economy means that more people are requiring assistance. In most cases, different demographics of consumers are unable to afford health care coverage. This is because of the abusive practices that are used by the insurance industry to maximize their profit margins (i.e. The denial of preexisting conditions). To make matters worse insurance premiums are increasing exponentially in order to keep up with rising costs.
The Affordable Care Act is designed to address these abuses and ensure that the public has the support they need in this area. This is following the basic model of having the federal government establish and regulate the marketplace. While at the same time, the individual must share their responsibility for these costs. This is taking a neutral perspective when dealing with these problems.
However, given the current fiscal challenges facing the federal government; means that there will be added…
References
The Affordable Care Act. (2013). Health Care.gov. Retrieved from: http://www.healthcare.gov/law/full/index.html
Facebook Paid No Income Taxes in 2012. (2013). Press TV. Retrieved from: http://www.presstv.ir/usdetail/289329.html
Federal Debt Ceiling. (2012). New York Times. Retrieved from: http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/subjects/n/national_debt_us/index.html
Number of Uninsured. (2012). Kaiser Foundation. Retrieved from: http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/daily-reports/2012/september/13/census-numbers.aspx
Affordable Care Act Impact
Political scandals are often wrought with unintended consequences for unsuspecting political parties. The recent IS scandal is no different in this regard. The interesting aspect regarding the scandal is its timing relative to the implementation of the Affordable Care Act. In short, the IS targeted certain conservative groups seeking tax-exempt status for extra scrutiny at beginning in 2010, according to an inspector general's report released last week. Lois G. Lerner, the agency official who oversees tax-exempt groups, first revealed publicly on May 10 that IS personnel had targeted the groups. The IS has insisted that the effort was a misguided attempt at greater efficiency rather than a partisan endeavor. White House counsel Kathryn uemmler informed senior White House officials including chief of staff Denis McDonough about the likely findings of the IG's report nearly a month ago, White House Press Secretary Jay Carney said Monday in…
References:
1) Draper, Elaine, Joseph LaDou, and Dan J. Tennenhouse. 2011. "Occupational Health Nursing and the Quest for Professional Authority," New Solutions 21, 47 -- 81
2) Fang, D., Wilsey-Wisniewski, S.J., & Bednash, G.D. (2006). 2005-2006 enrollment and graduations in baccalaureate and graduate programs in nursing. Washington, DC: American Association of Colleges of Nursing
3) Lucia, Patricia R.; Otto, Tammy E.; Palmier, Patrick A. (2009). "Chapter 1
Performance in Nursing." Reviews of Human Factors and Ergonomics 5: 5 -- 39
Affordable Care Act
Instructions: Please answer Part Exam (5 Parts / preparing a written response 2 pages (double spaced/12 times Roman equivalent font size) Case Study: Patient burned a severe accident sustained significant scarring face blindness eye.
Affordable Care Act (ACA)
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) is designed to expand healthcare coverage to a wider range of uninsured Americans and to provide more protections for currently insured Americans. It also attempts to keep the costs of healthcare down by expanding the risk pool to include younger, healthy adults to well as by allowing for young people to remain covered by their parents' insurance for a longer period of time. "When the individual mandate is fully phased-in, those who can afford coverage -- which is defined as insurance costing less than 8% of their annual income -- but choose to forgo it will have to pay either $695 or 2.5% of…
Bibliography
Goodwin, Liz. "U.S. Supreme Court upholds individual mandate as a tax." 28 Jun 2012,
[4 May 2013] http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/OTUS/supreme-court-upholds-obamacare-individual-mandate-tax/story?id=16669186#.UYWUTMplSZQ
Klein, Ezra. "11 facts about the Affordable Care Act." The Washington Post. 24 Jun 2012.
[4 May 2013]
Affordable Care Act
Constitutionality of the Affordable Care Act: What Would Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson Say?
The cornerstone of the recently-passed Affordable Care Act is the requirement that all Americans must buy some form of health insurance. This is necessary, given the new requirements put upon health insurance companies to cover the uninsured with preexisting conditions, so people cannot simply wait until they are sick to buy health insurance. The constitutional question at stake is if Congress can compel citizens to purchase a 'product' in the form of health insurance from private industry. This hinges upon the Supreme Court's interpretation of the scope of the Commerce Clause. With respect to this clause, advocates of the bill state that Congress has a right to "regulate the insurance industry" to make the ACA effective, "or can do so by using its authority under the clause permitting it 'to make all laws…
References
Hamilton vs. Jefferson. (n.d.).U.S. Department of State. Country Studies. Retrieved:
http://countrystudies.us/united-states/history-41.htm
Mariner, Wendy K., George J. Annas, & Leonard H. Glantz. (2011). Can Congress make you buy broccoli? And why that's a hard question. New England Journal of Medicine.
But what is the real story of ACA and what are the legitimate complaints against it?
According to a story in the New Republic (Cohn, 2010, p. 1) the Republican Party and Tea Party members have made hay this election season by attacking ACA. The GOP attacks ACA, Cohn writes, because it allegedly "…cut $500 billion from Medicare" and because it takes away the rights of citizens who presently have a healthcare policy from seeing the doctor of their choice. In fact, the ACA "actually strengthens Medicare's guaranteed benefits," says Kaiser's Health News editor Marilyn erber Serafini, quoted by Cohn in the article. The Affordable Care Act makes preventative care "free" and covers "a greater share of seniors' prescription drugs, Serafini explains.
hat about the accusation that what we're really seeing here is a government takeover of health care -- an idea most seniors abhor? At the informational town hall…
Works Cited
Cohn, Jonathan. (2010). America's Senior Moment. The New Republic. Retrieved Oct. 30,
2010, from http://www.tnr.com .
Palin, Sarah. (2009). Obama's 'Death Panel' Could Kill My Down Syndrome Baby. The Huffington Post. Retrieve Oct. 30, 2010, from http://www.huffingtonpost.com .
White House. (2010). Affordable Care / Myth and Fact. Retrieved Oct. 31, 2010, from http://www.whitehouse.gov .
eferences
http://kff.org/health-reform/perspective/can-we-learn-from-aca-implementation-and-improve-the-law/Altman, D. (2013). Can We Learn From ACA Implementation and Improve the Law? etrieved June 8th, 2013, from the Affordable Care Act: From Hiccups to epeal
Most important aspects
The author presents three important aspects that are a continuum of the implementation of the ACA from hiccup to repeal. The first scenario is the hiccup scenario where implementation issues are expected in the ACA implementation. This is where glitches are found that some people who qualify for subsidies will not get them and some of those who do not qualify will get them. In addition to this, in the hiccup scenario though a number of exchanges will be set up and companies on the exchanges will not be grow to be as big as expected. Therefore in the hiccups scenario, premiums will go high though only slightly and enhanced services will make people not to mind much about the…
References
Kamarck, E. (2013). The Affordable Care Act: From Hiccups to Repeal Retrieved June 8th, 2013, from http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/up-front/posts/2013/05/15-repeal-affordable-care-act-kamarck
Affordable Care Act working?," which was written by Margot Sanger-Katz and was published in the New York Times. The article takes a look at whether the Affordable Care Act, which came into effect a year ago, has had the desired impacts. The author breaks down the objectives of the act into different categories: number of uninsured, insurance affordability, health outcomes, online exchanges, the state of the healthcare industry, expansion of Medicare and the overall level of health spending in America.
The article is discussing the Affordable Care Act. Most of the provisions of the Act have now come into place, so the article takes a look at the statistics in an attempt to gauge whether or not the Act has had the desired outcomes, or if it is making progress. The Affordable Care Act is a comprehensive package of policies that affect most aspects of the health care system, especially…
References
Sanger-Katz, M. (2014). Is the Affordable Care Act working? New York Times. Retrieved November 29, 2014 from http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/10/27/us/is-the-affordable-care-act-working.html#
Introduction
The Affordable Care Act (ACA), also known as Obamacare, set about reforming the health care system in America so as to enable more people to obtain access to health care. The ACA arrived with a number of strengths and weaknesses. Altogether, the Act affected patients’ access to and quality of health care. It also impacted the cost of health care in the system. This system will discuss the ACA’s strengths and weaknesses while describing its impact on health care in America. It will also provide a discussion of how I would change and improve our current health care system from the standpoint of access, quality and cost.
Strengths and Weaknesses
While the ACA’s biggest supposed strength is the 20 million people who obtained health coverage as a result of the Act, one of the ACA’s main weaknesses is the fact that it has done little to reduce the bureaucratic…
References
ACA. (2010). Sec. 1204, 124 STAT. U.S. Government Publishing Office. Retrieved from https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-111publ148/pdf/PLAW-111publ148.pdf
Alpert, A. et al. (2013). Giving EMS flexibility in transporting low-acuity patients could generate substantial Medicare savings. Health Affairs, 32(12), 2142-2148.
Eckstein, M. (2013). The ambulance industry struggles to go the distance. Health Affairs, 32(12), 2067-2068.
Goldhill, D. (2009). How American health care killed my father. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2009/09/how-american-health-care-killed-my-father/307617/
Jacobson-Vann, J.C. (2011). Slipping through the cracks of the breast and cervical cancer prevention and treatment act of 2000- a tragic case of failed access to care. Journal of Nursing Law, 14 (3), 96-106.
Somanader, T. (2016). A look at six years of the affordable care act. Retrieved from https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2016/03/23/look-six-years-affordable-care-act
Patient Protection Affordable Care Act (PPACA) legislation is patently an improvement to the health care delivery system. The mere fact that thousands upon thousands of people are receiving healthcare and medical service through the Affordable Care Act is testimony to the scope of the improvement in healthcare services. But there is much more to the equation than absolute numbers of people now receiving medical and health care services through a healthcare insurance plan, many for the first time ("ObamaCare," 2015). The following sections discuss the healthcare insurance reforms that are integral to the Affordable Care Act.
escissions
The Affordable Care Act prohibits health insurance plans from rescinding coverage unless fraud or misrepresentation has occurred. Indeed, the reforms include prohibitions on rescissions and an extension that requires the provision of coverage of existing health insurance plans for non-dependent children up to age 26. This reform strengthens an area that insurance companies…
References
http://www.cms.gov/LegislativeUpdate/downloads/PPACA.pdf
Benefits Of ObamaCare: Advantage of ObamaCare. (2015). Retreived from http://obamacarefacts.com/benefitsofobamacare/
Furman, J. (2014, February 6). Six economic benefits of the affordable care act. Council of Economic Advisors. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2014/02/06/six-economic-benefits-affordable-care-act
National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL). (2011, October). The Affordable Care Act: Implications for adolescents and young adults. States Implement Health Care Reform. Retreived from http://www.ncsl.org/portals/1/documents/health/HRAdolescents.pdf
Affordable Care Act (ACA) was supposed to make health care just that -- affordable. But just a handful of years later, voices around the country are now being heard and the story is the same: health care costs have risen and services provided by health care plans have dropped. In short, the ACA is a No Care Health Care system.
As Goodman notes: "For the past 40 years real, per capita healthcare spending has been growing at twice the rate of growth of real, per capita income." hat this means is that we are now paying more for health care than we actually have. ith more people "demanding" coverage now, the insurance agencies are going to have "no choice" but to raise rates; that is as clear as the fact that night follows day. The "affordable" part of the bill is nothing more than a ruse: "the ObamaCare mandate amounts…
Works Cited
Durden, Tyler. "Meet the family that just spent half its annual income paying for Obamacare." Zero Hedge, 2015. Web. 13 Dec 2015.
Emanuel, E. "Progress, with Caveats." The Wall Street Journal, 2014. Web. 13 Dec
2015.
Goodman, J. "A Costly Failed Experiment." The Wall Street Journal, 2014. Web. 13
Health Policy Analysis
The author of this report has been asked to cover two major subjects over the course of four pages. The first half of the paper will pertain to a health policy topic of the author's choosing. The author will use a health policy provision that could or should be implemented and then it will be discussed why that provision might not be implemented. The topic in question will be the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act as it will be implemented in the state of Maryland. The second half of the paper will pertain to the seven factors that are present within an environment of continuous implementation and fostering of a plan. As before, this will pertain to the Affordable Care Act in Maryland. While some states and government personnel may be apt to resist federal mandates and programs, doing so can come with some strong drawbacks…
References
Al-Abri, R. (2007). Managing Change in Healthcare. Oman Medical Journal, 22(3), 9. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3294155/
KFF. (2015). How Will the Uninsured in Maryland Fare Under the Affordable CareA Act?. Kff.org. Retrieved 24 October 2015, from http://kff.org/health-reform/fact-sheet/state-profiles-uninsured-under-aca-maryland/
McLaughlin, C., & McLaughlin, C. (2015). Health policy analysis. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Swayne, L., Duncan, W., & Ginter, P. (2008). Strategic management of health care organizations. San Francisco, Calif.: Jossey-Bass.
Affordable Care Act will improve several aspects mentioned in this paper.
Cost
This act regulates costs that affect the consumer as well as those that affect the industry. The Affordable Care Act seeks to impact various groups, some of which include the companies that make drugs, the hospitals offering care, the companies making medical equipment, insurance both for public health as well as private health and all consumers whether they earn large or small incomes. The Act tries to control costs in as far as all these groups are concerned.
Some of the things that are involved in this cost control are as below:
Minimum Benefits- the Act provides for a minimum in terms of the value as well as the benefits of plans. This means that a lower number of citizens are struggling with the costs related to health insurance. At the same time, the hospitals and the citizens…
References
Medicaid.gov. (2016, January 12). Quality of Care & Delivery Systems. Retrieved from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services: https://www.medicaid.gov/affordablecareact/provisions/quality-of-care-and-delivery-systems.html
ObamaCare Facts. (2016, Janaury 12). Discussing the Pros and Cons of ObamaCare. Retrieved from ObamaCare Facts: http://obamacarefacts.com/obamacare-pros-and-cons/
ObamaCare Facts. (2016, Janaury 12). How Does ObamaCare Control Costs? Retrieved from ObamaCare Facts: http://obamacarefacts.com/obamacare-control-costs/
Growth and Changes in Nursing
Now that the Affordable Care Act (ACA) is the law of the land, nurses can expect to have even more responsibility and even more opportunities to use their skills. This paper reviews how the restructuring of the U.S. healthcare system impacts the nursing field. And this paper reflects on how continuum of care, accountable care organizations, medical homes and nurse-managed health clinics will be affected by the ACA.
Nursing Shortages
There already are critical nursing shortages in the United States, which is the reason that foreign nurses have become "…an integral part of the U.S. healthcare system" (Arnold, 2013). In fact, according to Arnold, healthcare organizations have been bringing nurses from abroad into the U.S. For "…over fifty years in response to cyclical nursing shortages" (1382). Now, with the Affordable Care Act in place there is expected to be an increased demand for foreign nurses;…
Works Cited
Arnold, H.D. (2013). The Affordable Care Act and International Recruitment and Migration
Of Nursing Professionals. Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, 20(2), 1373-1391.
Jones, D.S. (2014). Home Care and PPACA: New Challenges for a Rapidly Growing Health
Care Industry. Journal of Health Care compliance. 16(4), 35-61.
Current Status of Health Care in the United States
Health care in the United States is in a state of legislative flux. The Affordable Care Act was passed in order to reduce the number of uninsured people in the country, as well as start to contain the runaway growth in health care costs through a number of measures that essential brought more of health care under stronger government influence. The ACA was mostly successful, both in terms of cost containment (Weiner,) and bringing down the number of uninsured Americans (Mangan, 2017).
However, there were some challenges with the ACA. The first is that the individual mandate was unpopular in some circles, as people were faced with a choice of paying a penalty if they did not purchase health care insurance, which was viewed as a forced expenditure. The individual mandate faced legal challenges and the ethics of this provision were…
References
Gostin, L. (2010). The national individual health insurance mandate: Ethics and Constitution. Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and other works. Retrieved December 10, 2017 from http://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub/430/
Healthcare.gov (2017) Medicaid expansion and what it means for you. HealthCare.gov. Retrieved December 10, 2017 from https://www.healthcare.gov/medicaid-chip/medicaid-expansion-and-you/
Mangan, D. (2017). Obamacare kept reducing number of Americans without health insurance during Trump\\'s first few months in office. CNBC. Retrieved December 10, 2017 from https://www.cnbc.com/2017/08/29/obamacare-kept-reducing-number-of-americans-without-health-insurance.html
Mangan, D. (2017) People in half of Virginia\\'s counties on track to have zero Obamacare insurers next year. CNBC. Retrieved December 10, 2017 from https://www.cnbc.com/2017/09/07/half-of-virginias-counties-on-track-to-have-no-obamacare-plans.html
Weiner, J. (2017). Effects of the ACA on health care cost containment. Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics. Retrieved December 10, 2017 from https://ldi.upenn.edu/brief/effects-aca-health-care-cost-containment
Do the Pros Outweigh the Cons of the Affordable Care Act?
Introduction
Before the 1970s, the majority of people held hospital insurance. For instance in the ‘40s, only a tenth of the population actually had private health insurance. Just forty years later, that trend was reversed and a little more than 10% were uninsured—everyone else had bought insurance (Morrisey, 2013). This was a result of the subsidization of care by the government, which raised the price of care and which prompted more people to seek coverage. Jobs offered coverage as an incentive to come work for them, but with the increase in premiums and deductibles more people are seeing even insurance as too expensive and are now avoiding health insurance and health care altogether. What the Affordable Care Act (ACA) did was to expand taxpayer-funded care through Medicaid and Medicare while obliging individuals to purchase insurance at rates that continue…
References
Cutler, D., Morton, F. (2013). Hospitals, market share, and consolidation. JAMA,
310(18), 1964-1970.
Goldhill, D. (2009). How American health care killed my father. The Atlantic.
Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2009/09/how-american-health-care-killed-my-father/307617/
Jacobson-Vann, J.C. (2011). Slipping through the cracks of the breast and cervical cancer
prevention and treatment act of 2000- a tragic case of failed access to care. Journal of Nursing Law, 14 (3): 96-106.
Mathews, A. W., McGinty, T. (2010). Physician Panel Prescribes the Fees Paid by
Medicare. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/MgzDxe
Affordable Care Act Today
There are a number of administrative tasks that stemmed from the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010. Some of the most eminent of these directly relate to the mandate that employers with more than 50 full time employees offer affordable, essential care to such employees (SHRM). When one considers this part of the legislation, the most obvious administrative task is the research and selection of a health care plan for employees. This task is crucial for those organizations with the requisite number of full-time employees who did not previously offer them health insurance.
Another administrative task originating with this aspect of the Affordable Care Act is codifying and presenting the type of health care plans available to employees—once an employer has selected a provider for those employees. The employees will need to know what benefits are provided through the various options…
Works Cited
Society for Human Resource Management. “Complying with and Leveraging the Affordable Care Act.” 2015. Web. https://www.shrm.org/resourcesandtools/tools-and-samples/toolkits/pages/complyingwithandleveragingtheaffordablecareact.aspx
NFIB vs. The Affordable Care Act
The Affordable Care Act brought to the Supreme Court by 26 states of the United States to determine its constitutionality, was confirmed by the courts as was expected by many people. The case was between National Federations of Independent Business v. Sebelius (NFIB). The Supreme Court upheld the ACA and its expansion in a fragmented and complicated opinion that saw it also limit the ability of the federal government to hold back federal Medicaid funds unless states accept and comply with the ACA Medicaid requirements for expansion. The expansion requirements include non-pregnant women below the age of 65 with income that falls below 133% of the poverty levels determined by The Federal Government (FPL) for eligibility for Medicaid benefits (Swendiman and Baumrucker 2012). This is provided for in Section 2001 of Title II of ACA, which came into effect on January 1st 2014.
In…
References"
"Contraceptive Coverage in the New Health Care Law: Frequently Asked Questions." National Women's Law Center. 2011. Web. 4 May 2016.
The Affordable Care Act of (ACA) was an all-encompassing health care improvement law. ACA was validated and endorsed as a U.S law in March 2010. ACA was a project under president Obama’s governance. In fact, ACA is also known as the Obamacare or Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA). When ACA was introduced, it had three main objectives (Aaron, 2012). To start with, ACA was supposed to make health insurance affordable to more U.S citizens and reduce their subsidiaries in order to reduce their general domestic costs with incomes varying between the U.S national standard poverty level of 100% and 400% (Rosenbaum, 2011).
Secondly, ACA was purposed to increase the medical aid program and enable it to insure all U.S adult citizens with a gross income 138% lower than the country’s national standard poverty level (Aaron, 2012). Lastly, ACA was meant to support the forthcoming innovative medical care delivery…
References
Aaron, H. (2012). The Affordable Care Act Does Control Health Care Costs. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/opinions/the-affordable-care-act-does-control-health-care-costs/ [Accessed on 6/06/2018]
Rosenbaum, S. (2011). The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act: implications for public health policy and practice. Public health reports, 126(1), 130-135. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3001814/ [Accessed on 6/06/2018]
Affordable Care Act (ACA)
• Differentiate between at least three groups of stakeholders impacted by the ACA.
Obamacare or the ACA (Affordable Care Act) was primarily designed and put into effect in the year 2010 with an objective of offering better healthcare insurance coverage for the American people and minimize the heavy costs incurred by the American people to access healthcare (Thompson, 2014). Although ACA has achieved sizeable success in coverage there are still many challenges facing it including slow adoption across America, funding problems and problems getting the support of the public (Center for Public Impact, 2017). The main stakeholders of ACA include the healthcare providers, healthcare consumers, employers, and the States.
Consumers: Healthcare consumers in America details about 55% Americans who have healthcare insurance cover through the employer. 33% Americans have healthcare insurance cover through government program. These people may not be impacted by the variations and tides…
affordable Care Act (also known as the ACA or Obamacare) on the elderly
Obamacare: Its impact upon the elderly
The impact of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) (often called 'Obamacare') upon America is often discussed by politicians as if it had a uniform impact upon all citizens. However, the ACA's effects have been relatively disparate, depending upon the nature of the population. This paper will specifically focus upon the impact of the ACA on the elderly of a variety of socio-economic categories.
One of the criticisms of the American healthcare system before the passage of the ACA was the spiraling cost of entitlement programs such as Medicare, the federally-provided health insurance program for seniors. "One good result of all this [ACA] is that the burden of Medicare for taxpayers in future years has been drastically lowered. In fact, the day Barack Obama signed the ACA into law he cut the…
References
ACA. http://www.hhs.gov/healthcare/rights / Accessed November 6, 2014.
FAQ: What retirees and seniors need to know about the ACA? NPR. October 11, 2013.
http://www.npr.org/2013/10/11/231101137/faq-what-retirees-and-seniors-need-to-know-about-the-affordable-care-act Accessed November 6, 2014.
Goodman, John. What seniors have to fear from Obamacare? Forbes. October 28, 2014.
ACA has had on physicians. This is related to my field of study, and to the article that I worked with last week. This issue can be examined in terms of how it affects private practice, how the demand conditions have changed and how the workload has changed. There are a lot of different dimensions to this story. I have chosen this focus because it interests me.
The Affordable Care Act allowed millions of Americans to enjoy medical insurance coverage, when they previously had not been able to do so. One of the predictions before the ACA was brought into force was that bringing millions of people into the health care system would strain the system's existing resources. The theory is that the system was already near capacity, so adding that much new demand would strain that capacity.
There have been a number of articles providing anecdotal evidence that there…
References
Riggs, K., Buttorff, C. & Alexander, C. (2015). Impact of out-of-pocket spending caps on financial burden of those with group health insurance. Journal of General Internal Medicine. Vol. 30 (5) 683-688.
Accounting
The Affordable Care Act (a.ka. Obamacare) has created some interesting implications for financial reporting. The issues revolve around the determination of benefits, particularly when companies opt to put their employees through Obamacare insurance exchanges where they had previously been on a company plan. The Affordable Care Act was signed into law in 2010, and reshaped the health care insurance industry in particular. With the creation of health care insurance exchanges, competition in health insurance was increased and some of the information asymmetry in the health care market decreased -- though not nearly enough for the market to be considered competitive.
One of the implications for accountants of the Affordable Care Act is that many employers have taken the opportunity to move their employees off of employer-sponsored plans and onto the exchanges as a means of reducing the cost of their benefits programs. As the ACA implementation process accelerates, the…
References
CalCPA. (2014). ACA mythbuster. California CPA Education Foundation. Retrieved May 2, 2014 from http://www.calcpa.org/content/27238.aspx
FASB (2010). Contingencies (Topic 450). Financial Accounting Standards Board. Retrieved May 2, 2014 from http://www.fasb.org/cs/BlobServer?blobkey=id&blobnocache=true&blobwhere=1175823559187&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobheadername2=Content-Length&blobheadername1=Content-Disposition&blobheadervalue2=309726&blobheadervalue1=filename%3DProposed_ASU_Contingencies_Topic_450_Disclosure_of_Certain_Loss_Contingencies.pdf&blobcol=urldata&blobtable=MungoBlobs
FASB Summary of Statement No. 158. Financial Accounting Standards Board. Retrieved http://www.fasb.org/summary/stsum158.shtml
Kastrup, L. (2013). Financial reporting implications under the Affordable Care Act. American Academy of Actuaries. Retrieved May 2, 2014 from http://www.actuary.org/files/HPFRC_White_Paper_on_ACA_and_FR_final_062513.pdf
When the Affordable Care Act was upheld by the Supreme Court, several people commended the Court for refusing to remove the only social protection they had which was established and improved by the New Deal as well as the Great Society. The House of Congress agreed to allow certain states have a significant level of command on the way federal programs such as Medicaid were implemented on the condition that it would be free to set up and enlarge its planned national entitlement schemes (Brown-Nagin, 2013). A huge disagreement in the beliefs of federalism has been bared for all via the suits contesting the Obamacare mandate. A school of thought believes that the government should get involved even constitutionally in situations when certain states do not have individual capabilities to settle a particular dispute. This school also believes that the main reason why the Constitution clearly specifies national bodies is…
Affordable Care Act
Since its enactment in 2010, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has transformed the way in which healthcare is provided in America. With its primary aim being to address "long-standing challenges facing the U.S. healthcare system related to access, affordability, and quality of care," the ACA has increased healthcare coverage for more Americans by mandating that health insurance be purchased and that insurance providers not discriminate against applicants (Obama, 2016). When considering the ACA, however, it is important to realize that this piece of healthcare legislation is far more impactful on the lives of Americans than simply in a healthcare context: in fact, the ACA affects lawmakers at both state and federal levels, workers, politicians and voters tasked with electing officials who will either pledge to carry the mantle of the ACA -- or repeal and replace it, as President-Elect Donald Trump has pledged to do. This paper…
References
Benitez, J., Creel, L., Jennings, J. (2016). Kentucky's Medicaid expansion showing
early promise on coverage and access to care. Health Affairs, 35(3): 528-534.
Leflar, R. (2013). Reform of the United States health care system: an overview.
Arkansas Law Notes, 1171. Retrieved from http://media.law.uark.edu/arklawnotes/2013/07/12/reform-of-the-united-states-health-care-system-an-overview-2/
Health Care eforms
Healthcare reform has been a national issue for some time and the ability to afford citizens the opportunity to adequate healthcare services is an interesting debate with many ideas and arguments both for and against the practice. To help understand the finer meanings of what health care reform laws can impact on a region it is necessary to examine the impact of such reforms on a selection of states.
The purpose of this essay is to compare and contrast the varying health care reform laws of three differing states. This essay will examine Maine, Vermont and Massachusetts transformations in healthcare laws to help contextualize the law and demonstrate its feasibility, or lack of feasibility within the real world
The impetus for the attention given to health care reform has no doubt started due to the efforts of the Federal Government's involvement in regulating medical treatment through policy…
References
Bragdon, T. & Allumbaugh, J. (2011). Health Care Reform in Maine: Reversing "Obamacare Lite.." The Heritage Foundation, 19 July 2011. Retrieved from http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2011/07/health-care-reform-in-maine-reversing-obamacare-lite
Grubb, L. (2013). Lessons From Vermont's Health Care Reform. The New England Journal of Medicine, 4 April 2013. Retrieved from http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp1212974
Maine.gov (nd). Individual Health Insurance in Maine. Viewed 6 June 2014. Retrieved from http://www.maine.gov/pfr/insurance/consumer/IndividualHealth.html
Vermont State Senator Tim Ashe Website (2011). Vermont Health Care Reform Explained. March 2011. Retrieved from http://www.timashe.com/vermont-health-care-reform-explained-in-simple-terms/
Laws and Health Care
The health care industry has undergone massive overhaul in recent times and the impact of the laws and regulations that accompany this change have deep and resounding effects on the way professionals approach their industry. The purpose of this essay is to explain the role of governmental regulatory agencies and their effect on the health care industry.
This essay will first provide two examples of laws and regulations that have empirically demonstrated a noticeable and impactful transformation of the system. The next section of this essay is how these laws have personally affected me and my environment in Samaritan Hospital and how these regulations both serve and detract from our overall objectives of patient quality and healing those who seek our help.
Example 1: Affordable Care Act
Laws and regulations are present at many different levels within the health care industry. Private practices surely have their…
References
Anderson, A. (2014). The Impact of the Affordable Care Act on the Health Care Workforce. The Heritage Foundation, 18 Mar 2014. Retrieved from http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2014/03/the-impact-of-the-affordable-care-act-on-the-health-care-workforce
Emanuel, E.J., Daniels, E.R., Fairclough, D.L., & Clarridge, B.R. (1996). Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide: attitudes and experiences of oncology patients, oncologists, and the public. The Lancet, 347(9018), 1805-1810.
McClanahan, C. (2012). Cliffs Notes Version of the ACA. Forbes, 9 July 2012. Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com /sites/carolynmcclanahan/2012/07/09/cliffs-notes-version-of-the-affordable-care-act/
Pereira, J. (2012). Legalizing euthanasia or assisted suicide: the illusion of safeguards and control. Current Oncology, Apr 2011, 18 (2). Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3070710/
In an ideal world, every single person would be able to afford the medical care and attention they need throughout their lifespan. The Affordable Care Act, colloquially called Obamacare, set as its goal eventual universal healthcare coverage. Unfortunately, Obamacare has not promoted the ultimate goal of providing affordable healthcare for all Americans. Mandating healthcare insurance does help reduce disparities in access to affordable and necessary interventions, tests, and treatments. As idealistic as Obamacare is, the policy has not reduced the costs of healthcare but it does represent a step in the right direction towards distinguishing between the profit motive in healthcare insurance and the ethical obligation to create a more caring and egalitarian society.
The Affordable Care Act used mandated insurance coverage as its main policy initiative for several reasons, both fiscal and humanitarian. As Gruber (2012) points out, about 12 million employed Americans were not receiving coverage from their…
State of Florida: Affordable Care Act (ACA) Implementation
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) was designed to extend healthcare coverage to more Americans, ideally to cover all Americans. Yet the passage of the bill was relatively turbulent, and resulted in a somewhat inconsistent implementation of its fundamentals on a state-by-state basis. Before the ACA, the state of Florida had one of the highest uninsured rates in the nation and after the implementation of the ACA and the healthcare exchange, “the uninsured rate has reportedly dropped from around 20% in 2013 to 15.2% in 2015,” although this rate is still higher than the national average of uninsured persons (Born, 2017, p.3). Florida is one of the states that has elected to have its citizens research and obtain healthcare coverage on the national exchange, rather than implement a state-specific healthcare exchange. As noted by Norris (2018), using the most recent data available, Florida…
Titles:
The Affordable Care Act: Can It Be Fixed?
The Future of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
The Pros and Cons of Obamacare
The Effects of Obamacare on American Small Businesses
Topics:
What are the main arguments for and against Obamacare?
How much should Americans pay for healthcare insurance?
Why do Americans pay more for their healthcare than consumers in some other countries?
Is Obamacare’s individual mandate unconstitutional?
Outline:
I. Abstract
II. Introduction
III. Body
A. Background and Overview
B. Pros of Obamacare / Advantages
C. Cons of Obamacare / Disadvantages
IV. Conclusion
The Future of Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act also known as Obamacare
The future of Obamacare? Probably the same as its past:
A bit of a mess. – Ben Boychuk, 2014
Abstract
Signed into law by former President Barack Obama in March 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable…
Obamacare, or formally known as the Affordable Care Act, is a recent healthcare law that will reach its implementation stage in 2014. Healthcare is certainly a fundamental necessity and indispensable to a growing human population. he United States is known for its adequate healthcare, servicing low income people through Medicaid, and the elderly through Medicare. However, recent events have led to a shift in what can possibly negatively impact the healthcare system for the United States.
Obamacare has good intentions in having its purpose be to supply affordable healthcare to everyone within the United States, but certain clauses and modifications have turned it into a dicey and uncertain situation. Not only are the costs piling up, and continue to increase, but the distribution of healthcare services is primarily execute through health insurance coverage. his means that there will be a change in how the healthcare system functions at the core…
The way that Affordable Care Act works, however, is that plans that would have failed to meet the standards of Bronze plan can no longer be offered. Such plans were often popular with either poor people who could not afford a better plan, or young people who are unlikely to have to make a claim. For such individuals, the increase in their health premiums might be significant, and political opponents of the Act are making every effort to collect anecdotes from such people to use as scare tactics (Radnofsky, 2013). The reality is that most young people were almost always going to have to pay more, which in part explains why it is older people who have signed up for plans on the exchanges (Mangan, 2013).
Are there Risks to the ACA?
There also risks with the Act that could jeopardize the way the system works. John (2013) notes that if not enough people sign up, then insurance companies will make smaller profits. He does note that the signups at higher rates
ACA
The Affordable Care Act works on the premise that all Americans should have access to health care insurance. Because this is provided through insurance companies, the system is only enforceable under certain conditions. One of the key tenets of health care reform is the idea that those with pre-existing conditions cannot be denied insurance coverage. This group of people has long had problems getting insurance, and insurance companies spend tens of millions to invent pre-existing conditions that would then be used to deny coverage. Even insurance commissioners have been known to take offensive and absurd stances on pre-existing conditions, arguing that insurance companies should not have to take customers with such conditions because the person is to blame for their pre-existing condition (Ferguson, 2013). With attitudes like this from people connected to the insurance industry, the only way that the Obama Administration was going to achieve universal health care…
References
Ferguson, D. (2013). Georgia insurance commissioner: It's your fault if you have a pre-existing commission. Raw Story Retrieved December 6, 2013 from http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2013/12/05/georgia-insurance-commissioner-its-your-fault-if-you-have-a-pre-existing-condition/
Klein, E. (2012). Unpopular mandate. The New Yorker. Retrieved December 6, 2013 from http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2012/06/25/120625fa_fact_klein
Kliff, S. (2013). Washington State provides case study on effects of health care reform. Washington Post. Retrieved December 6, 2013 from http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-06-16/national/35461636_1_individual-mandate-health-insurance-insurance-reforms
AARP. (2013). For people 65+. American Association of Retired People. Retrieved December 6, 2013 from http://www.aarp.org/content/dam/aarp/health/healthcare_reform/2013-07/aca-factsheet-for-65-aarp.pdf
Affordable Care Act decreased the number of Americans without health insurance by the millions, which was its primary objective. It used three different mechanisms to achieve this goal -- the expansion of Medicaid, the insurance exchanges, and the extension of coverage to young adults up to age 26. These changes have also helped to stem the growth of health care costs, and have delivered greater health care savings throughout the system, even private insurance customers, than was originally expected. There were some initial costs to the ACA, running from 2014-2019 but after the point the Congressional Budget Office expects the ACA will have a net benefit in terms of its impact on the budget, because of the new taxes it created.
The incoming government is expected to unwind the ACA, as this has been a stated goal of Trump, and of the epublican party. What this means has been studied.…
References
Abbott, R. K. (2015). The Impact of the Affordable Care Act on Large Employers: A Retrospective. Benefits Quarterly, 31(1), 8-14.
CBO (2016) Budgetary and economic effects of repealing the Affordable Care Act Congressional Budget Office. Retrieved December 4, 2016 from https://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/114th-congress-2015-2016/reports/50252-Effects_of_ACA_Repeal.pdf
CBO (2016) Payment of penalties for being uninsured under the Affordable Care Act Congressional Budget Office. Retrieved December 4, 2016 from https://www.cbo.gov/publication/45397
HHS.gov (2016). The Affordable Care Act is working. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved December 4, 2016 from http://www.hhs.gov/healthcare/facts-and-features/fact-sheets/aca-is-working/
Affordable Care Act & Nursing
There are a number of different provisions of the Affordable Care Act that were designed to improve the health care system -- well, all of the provisions were designed to do that. The most immediate improvements will be the provisions that low the cost of drugs (such as the Medicaid rebate for brand name drugs) and the generics approval change. The biggest change that affects the quality of care is probably the provision regarding readmissions. The core of this provision is the idea that high rates of readmissions indicates a relatively poor standard of care is being given; so penalties for high readmission rates will encourage hospitals to have a higher standard of care in the first place, doing more for underlying conditions instead of just treating symptoms. Another beneficial provision is that plans now need to cover several types of preventative screening.
There are…
References
Djukic, M. & Kovner, C. (2010). Overlap of registered nurse and physical practice: implications for U.S. health care reform. Policy, Politics & Nursing Practice. Vol. 11 (1) 13-22.
Sommer, A. (2001). How public health policy is created: Scientific process and political reality. American Journal of Epidemiology. Vol. 154 (12) S4-S6
Winkelstein, W. (2009). The development of American public health, a commentary: Three documents that made an impact. Journal of Public Health Policy. Vol. 30 (1) 40-48.
ACA International Implications
The 2010 Affordable Care Act (ACA) seeks to impose new requirements for both employers and individuals in terms of health insurance coverage. However, is the ACA affecting globally mobile workers (those on long-term assignment abroad or in the U.S.), is the ACA altering the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program? The details of the ACA provisions are complex and still evolving. The ACA is altering America's healthcare landscape, affecting insurers, individuals, and employers, including the state and federal governments (Kongstvedt, 2013). Among the notable changes include new marketplaces or public exchanges where persons can buy healthcare coverage and penalties on people who lack health insurance. It is believed that penalties on employers failing to provide coverage will take effect by the end of 2015.
In terms of Federal Employees Health Benefits Program, the Act sets in motion for greatest reform in the employer-offered health benefits in the post-World…
References
Emanuel, E. J. (2015). Reinventing American Health Care: How the Affordable Care Act Will Improve Our Terribly Complex, Blatantly Unjust, Outrageously Expensive, Grossly Inefficient, Error Prone System. Perseus Books Group
Herzlinger, R. E. (2004). Consumer-Driven Health Care Implications for Providers, Payers, and Policy-Makers. Hoboken, John Wiley & Sons.
Selker, H. P., & Wasser, J. S. (2014). The Affordable Care Act as a National Experiment: Health Policy Innovations and Lessons. Springer Science & Business Media
Kongstvedt, P. R. (2013). Essentials of Managed Health Care. Burlington, MA, Jones and Bartlett Learning.
Affordable Care Act
Affordable Health Care
Healthcare is very expensive in the U.S. today but it is also something that everyone needs. That is why affordable healthcare would be a great program for families in America: they could have the care they require at a cost that would not impoverish them at the same time. However, with the passing of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), healthcare costs and premiums have actually gone up for many families (Durden, 2015). Through the ACA, the government is requiring healthcare insurance be mandated for every citizen in the U.S.; however, those citizens with a limited income or who cannot afford to pay for health insurance are penalized because the premiums offered by the insurance companies are too high. This paper will show how even though having mandatory healthcare for everyone is a great idea, seniors and low income families cannot afford the insurance premiums.…
References
Durden, T. (2015). Meet the family that just spent half its annual income paying for Obamacare. Zero Hedge. Retrieved from http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2015-11-15/meet-family-just-spent-half-its-annual-income-paying-obamacare
Goodman, J. (2014). A Costly Failed Experiment. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB20001424052702303802104579451162959061196
Health Care Reform. (2012). Supreme Court Debates, 15(5): 47-61.
Puffer, J. et al. (2015). Envisioning a New Health Care System for America. Family Medicine, 47(8): 598-603.
The ACA does not by any means fully resolve this, but it makes strides towards addressing this critical issue of morality. The individual mandate is similar -- where the profit of one individual leads to the suffering of another, the suffering takes precedence -- the money is not as important. Not doing harm to others is the more important imperative, so the sacrifice for the greater good in this case would be the moral course of action according to Kant.
Locke
Locke's moral philosophy comprises two parts. The first is natural law, in that there are divine laws, they are obligatory and humans can understand these. The second is more hedonistic, that pleasures and pains serve to "provide morality with its normative force" (Sheridan, 2011). That these two views seem to contrast is well-established and indeed they lead to different interpretations of the key tenets of the Affordable Care Act.…
References
HHS.gov (2014). About the law. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved May 10, 2014 from
Policy, Politics and Global Health Trends
The Affordable Care Act
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) was recently signed into law in America. This public policy impacts all citizens of the U.S.A. And has been controversial from its inception, not only because many people, who were promised by the President that if they liked their plan they could keep it, ended up having to get a new plan at a higher rate, but also because the very individuals who promoted the policy demonstrated a clear conflict of interest in doing so (Cesca, 2010).
The financial impact of the policy has been a serious one: rates have increased and people who cannot afford to buy health coverage are to be taxed if they do not buy it. Moreover the Act asserts that "healthcare is a right, not a privilege" (ak, Coffin, 2014, p. 317). However, by "enforcing" everyone to exercise that "right,"…
Reference List
Cesca, B. (2010). Punishing the Health Insurance Cartel for Extortion and Fraud.
Huffington Post. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com /bob-cesca/punishing-the-health-insu_b_321420.html
Coaltion for DSM-5 Reform. (2012). DSM5-Reform. Retrieved from http://dsm5-
reform.com/
health care industry, in terms of the economics of that business, and how it is structured. The Affordable Care Act was introduced in 2010 in order to address some of the issues that are inherent in the health care industry, namely a high rate of uninsured and skyrocketing costs that were threatening the quality of care for everybody else. The reality is that the ACA has been highly successful. While there are still too many uninsured, some 20 million Americans have gained health care. The costs have been fairly high, but they are decreasing, the from a fiscal point-of-view the Congressional Budget Office sees the ACA as actually contributing positively to the federal budget by around 2019.
So the benefits of the ACA have basically been realized, and at a fairly reasonable, and declining, cost. The law has met its primary objective, and performed fairly well. There were some issues,…
References
Bryan, B. (2016). The percentage of Americans without health insurance just hit an all-time low. Business Insider. Retrieved December 4, 2016 from http://www.businessinsider.com/americans-without-health-insurance-all-time-low-uninsured-rate-2016-9
CBO (2016) Budgetary and economic effects of repealing the Affordable Care Act Congressional Budget Office. Retrieved December 4, 2016 from https://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/114th-congress-2015-2016/reports/50252-Effects_of_ACA_Repeal.pdf
Kaiser Family Foundation (2016) Status of action on the Medicaid expansion decision. Kaiser Family Foundation. Retrieved December 4, 2016 from http://kff.org/health-reform/state-indicator/state-activity-around-expanding-medicaid-under-the-affordable-care-act/?currentTimeframe=0
Lorenzetti, L. (2016). Here's why you'll likely pay more for your employer-sponsored health insurance. Fortune. Retrieved December 4, 2016 from http://fortune.com/2016/06/21/health-care-rising-costs/
Affordable Care Act and EMS
The affordable care act is a medical insurance program that came into existence during the Obama regime. This came as a subsequent addition to the Medicaid and Medicare programs as fronted in the year 1965. The motive behind the creation of this scheme was to improve the affordability and accessibility of medical care to all the American citizens. Just like America, every society around the globe is made up of the less privileged and the rich. Therefore, the country's leadership opted to have this kind of insurance scheme so that everyone, regardless of the economic status can access cheap medical attention and in a convenient way. This forms the basis of the Affordable care act. This program offers many opportunities in the future for the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) organization. In this case, there are chances for the people to benefit from the same.
The…
References
Catalano, J.T. (2015). Nursing Now! Today's Issues, Tomorrow's Trends. New York: F.A. Davis
Cone, D. et al., (2014). Emergency Medical Services: Clinical Practice and Systems Oversight, 2 Volume Set. New York: John Wiley & Sons
Copeland, C.W. & Carey (au), M.V. (2011). Upcoming Rules Pursuant to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA). New York: DIANE Publishing
Faguet, G. (2012). The Affordable Care Act: A missed opportunity, a better way forward. New York: Paperbag.
epublican stance on the Affordable Care Act has been decisively antagonistic and contrarian, and was machinated to address the main problem with the ACA, which is that it was authored by Obama. Likewise, epublican hostility toward the ACA represented the conservative platform's ignorance of the issues and the reasons underlying the ACA in the first place. The ACA was a step forward in creating a more progressive United States in which healthcare would be seen as a basic human right, and in fact did not go far enough in driving down healthcare costs. Instead of suggesting a new policy that would improve upon the ACA by restructuring the way insurance and privatized healthcare works, the epublicans introduced a bill that quickly died.
Specific problems the epublicans identified in the Affordable Care Act center on paranoia over federalism, what the epublicans call "federal entitlement," and the perceived pitfall of mandating that…
References
Fox, L. & Walsh, D. (2017, March 7). Republicans unveil bill to repeal and replace Obamacare. CNN. Retrieved online: http://www.cnn.com/2017/03/06/politics/republicans-public-obamacare-plan/
Goldstein, A., DeBonis, M. & Snell, K. (2017, March 6). House Republicans release long-awaited plan to replace Obamacare. The Washington Post. Retrieved online: https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/new-details-emerge-on-gop-plans-to-repeal-and-replace-obamacare/2017/03/06/04751e3e-028f-11e7-ad5b-d22680e18d10_story.html?utm_term=.75cce2e46293
Holan, A.D. (2017, March 7). 6 takeaways from the GOP health care plan to replace Obamacare. Politifact. Retrieved online: http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/article/2017/mar/07/7-takeaways-gop-health-care-plan-replace-obamacare/
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) was passed into law under the Obama Administration and was responsible for reshaping the health care system in many different ways. From overhauling procedures regarding how health care providers deal with patients and practice quality care to providing more people with coverage, the ACA was meant to make fix many of the problems that Americans had with health care. While some have found the ACA to be highly positive, others have found it to be a complete disaster.
Obama noted that the aim of the ACA was to address “long-standing challenges facing the US healthcare system related to access, affordability, and quality of care” (525). Those three points—access, affordability and quality—were the main selling points of the ACA. The legislation was supposed to provide more access to care for people. It was supposed to make care more affordable, and it was supposed to increase the…
Ethics of Repealing and Replacing the Affordable Care Act (ACA)
Before President Donald Trump was elected into office, he promised to repeal and replace the ACA within the first 100 days in office. This was probably a ray of hope for all the people suffering under the act. Surprisingly, however, the term 'suffering' is subjective. It is not yet clear whether the majority of citizens prefer the existing health care system or not. According to statistics, the number of people who view the system as unfavorable almost matches the number of those who view it as favorable. This leaves one question; is repealing and replacing the act an ethical and viable solution?
The Act offers a number of benefits and disadvantages in almost equal measures. For instance, many have complained about the high cost of insurance plans and limited access to services. However, citizens are enjoying benefits such as coverage…
The ACA and the U.S. Health Care System
· The Affordable Care Act (ACA) was meant to promote greater quality care through increased implementation of preventive care; but as Lichtenfeld (2011) and Moynihan (2015) have shown, the health care industry remains committed to a course of treatments and tests because both are generally subsidized by the federal government—and, frankly, preventive care does not ensure that customers will keep coming through the door to make the industry money.
· The problem with the ACA has been that it has done little to reduce the putting of profits before people mentality that plagues the health care industry.
· It idealistically identified the right objectives—increasing access to care, increasing quality of care, lowering the cost of care, and increasing preventive care (Obama, 2016).
· However, in practice it failed to ensure that a mechanism was in place to actually enable the achievement of…
Healthcare as an Obligation of Each Citizen
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The commercialization of services and goods has been on the rise with the prevalence of globalization to an extent that even essential services that human cannot survive without like the health care have widely been commercialized. The provision of healthcare especially in the cases of delicate surgical procedures and extensive medication has been left the selected few who go for it from the high end private hospitals with personal doctors and consultants. This privilege however comes at a cost, one that the poor and average Americans cannot afford hence they miss out on them and are rendered to make do with the public health services provided by the government.
It is hence an obligation of each individual to uphold the contributions towards the provision of the free and comprehensive universal healthcare for all the citizens of America. We all have the…
References
Michelangelo S., (2014). Obamacare Success Story: Man With HIV Thought He'd Be 'Dead Within 6 Months,' Now Has Awesome, Cheaper Insurance. Retrieved May 15, 2015 from http://www.huffingtonpost.com /michelangelo-signorile/obamacare-success-story-m_b_4413329.html
The Atlantic Monthly Group, (2015). The Precarious Success of Obamacare. Retrieved May 15, 2015 from http://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2015/03/for-those-that-hate-obamacare-do-you-know-why/387913/
Healthcare and evenue Cycles
When it comes to the revenue cycle and receivables management, a healthcare organization faces unique challenges. These challenges include the fact that many clients (patients) cannot afford the care they are there to receive because of the extremely high cost of healthcare. Thus, they are either covered completely by insurance, covered partially, covered by the state (Medicaid or Medicare), or are self-payers or indigent patients (cannot pay at all and rely on financial assistance from the organization). The facility cannot deny care to patients so must be able to balance providing quality care with the need to maintain a functioning, financially stable facility (the facility after all does have its own costs). For that reason, a healthcare facility must seek to prevent denials of claims while effecting a clear and apparent process of billing for patients. evenue cycle management must also be efficient so that billings…
References
Fishbowl. (2013). 3 popular inventory management techniques -- business quick tips.
YouTube. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2yEcJIgN16I
RevCycle Intelligence. (2016). How the Affordable Care Act impacted healthcare revenue cycle. Retrieved from http://revcycleintelligence.com/news/how-the-affordable-care-act-impacted-healthcare-revenue-cycle
Evidence Based Practice
University of Illinois Evidence Based Medicine Resources: Lessons Learned
From the search resources I learned that in evidence based medicine, patient values comprising of their unique concerns, preferences, and expectations introduced to the clinical encounter ought to be integrated in determining the ideal care for patient. This integration will guarantee that the individual patient’s clinical state, the clinical setting and best patient outcome prevail in ideal decisions on optimal service delivery to the patient (Sackett, Rosenberg, Gray, Haynes, & Richardson, 1996).
The second aspect learned is that in order to integrate Evidence-Based Nursing and clinical care, there is the need for a basic comprehension of the attributes related to the inherent published evidence. Resources in Evidence-Based Practice are categorized in a hierarchy relating to the quality of the research or evidence. In Evidence-Based Practice, decisions making on best care to patient are not just basically guided by…
Insuring the Uninsured
The author of this report has been charged with offering solutions for the millions of Americans that are uninsured or under-insured. Some people that are under-insured or uninsured are in that situation through little to no fault of their own. However, others are able to afford insurance but simply choose not to enroll in coverage. However, everyone should be insured because accidents and illnesses do happen to everyone at some point and the cost needs to be spread evenly among everyone. Certainly, the expense should be subsidized or fully covered for those that cannot afford coverage but the need to cover everyone still remains. While some of the opinions in this report are not going to be popular with some people, the author of this report sticks by them without question.
Analysis
One major provision of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) was that people…
References
Healthcare.gov. (2015). Individual Mandate Penalty You Pay If You Don't Have Health Insurance Coverage. HealthCare.gov. Retrieved 7 July 2015, from https://www.healthcare.gov/fees-exemptions/fee-for-not-being-covered/
Somashekhar, S. (2015). You're already paying for some undocumented immigrants' health care. Washington Post. Retrieved 7 July 2015, from http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/06/14/youre-already-paying-for-some-undocumented-immigrants-health-care/
Tracer, Z. (2015). Employers' Shift to Private Health Exchanges May Cost Employees More. Insurancejournal.com. Retrieved 7 July 2015, from http://www.insurancejournal.com/news/national/2015/04/07/363490.htm
Affordable Care Act
What is the ACA?
The 2010 Affordable Care Act or the PPACA (Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act - H3590), nicknamed Obamacare, is the latest American healthcare reform legislation. The PPACA encompasses the Patient Protection Act, the Affordable Health Care for America Act, and portions of the Student Aid and Fiscal esponsibility Act and Health Care and Education econciliation Act, connected with health care. Additionally, it encompasses revisions to the Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act, Health and Public Services Act, and other legislations. Further regulations and rules have served to expand upon the ACA since its enactment in March 2010 (Affordable Care Act Summary). Summaries of the act have been updated as and when changes were effected.
The 2010 ACA represents an extensive, elaborate law which is designed to transform the U.S. healthcare system, through the provision of quality healthcare coverage within the means of nearly all…
References
"Affordable Care Act Summary." Obamacare Facts: An Independent Site for ACA Advice. Web. 14 Sep 2016. .
Fuscaldo, Donna. "ACA Changes: More Small Business Owners to Offer Coverage, Face Increased Compliance - Health Insurance - U.S. News." Health News Articles - U.S. News Health - U.S. News. 2016. Web. 15 Sep 2016. .
"Health Insurance Exchanges." Health Plans & Dental Coverage - Aetna. Web. 15 Sep 2016. .
Jost, Timothy and Harold Pollack. "Key Proposals to Strengthen the Affordable Care Act." The Century Foundation - Home.2015. Web. 15 Sep 2016. .
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act/Impact of ACA from the Organizational and the Patients view
Impact of the Affordable Care act (ACA) on the population that it affected
Impact of the economics of providing care to patients from the organization's point-of-view
How will patients be affected in relationship to cost of treatment, quality of treatment, and access to treatment?
Ethical implications of this act for both the organization and the patients
Impact of the Affordable Care act (ACA) on the population that it affected
The Affordable Care Act (ACA), as initially passed, mandated Medicaid expansion, for covering a majority of low-income, as-yet-uninsured American citizens and immigrants (with legal residency in the U.S. for a minimum duration of 5 years). The United States Supreme Court, however, in the historic National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius, 132 S. Ct. 2566 (2012), maintained that the obligatory Medicaid expansion proved to be unconstitutionally…
References
ACA. (2015). The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. Retrieved on 13th September, 2015 from http://www.dpc.senate.gov/healthreformbill/healthbill52.pdf
Howard, P. (2015). The Impact of the Affordable Care Act On the Economy, Employers, and the Workforce. edworkforce.house.gov. Retrieved on 13 th September, 2015 from http://edworkforce.house.gov/uploadedfiles/02.09.11_howard.pdf
Kengmana, R.T. (2015). An Ethical Perspective on the Affordable Care Act. MA: Psych Central. Retrieved on 13th September, 2015 from http://googleweblight.com/?lite_url=http://psychcentral.com/about/feedback&lc=en-IN&s=1&m=101&ts=1442202299&sig=APONPFlqjqQURNK5jFIewCvXRMJzyhz8zA
NCIOM. (2015a). Examining the Impact of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act in North Carolina. Chapter 7: Quality. Retrieved on 13th September, 2015 from https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://www.nciom.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Final-Ch7-Quality-FINAL.pdf&ved=0CCYQFjABahUKEwjv_JDfr_XHAhVIB44KHfLKAPg&usg=AFQjCNEdTlwW2QuvqN5Rn6qM31poi4lBUA
Health Policy Analysis for Maryland AC (Affordable Care) Act
McLaughlin, & McLaughlin (2014) rank 11 areas of health innovation based on their impact on costs and quality of healthcare delivery. The process improvement is the highest ranking item. However, the authors identify data analytics, disease management, "non-physician delivery alternatives," and "alternative to fee-for service" (McLaughlin, & McLaughlin, 2014 p 335) as other innovation items that can enhance quality and reduce costs. Additionally, the authors point out that innovation in electronic medical records, diagnosis, and pharmaceuticals can also assist with quality and cost.
Objective of this health policy paper is to evaluate the items that can play important role in the health policy process of Maryland's ACA (Affordable Care Act).
Healthcare items for Health Policy Process for in Maryland Affordable Care Act
The ACA (Affordable Care Act) is a federal government legislation focusing on healthcare coverage for small groups and individuals.…
Reference
Abrams, M. Nuzum, R. Mika, S. et al. (2011). Realizing Health Reform's Potential How the Affordable Care Act Will Strengthen Primary Care and Benefit Patients, Providers, and Payers. The Commonwealth Fund.
Chin, W.W. Hamermesh, R.G. Huckman, R.S. et al.(2012). 5 Imperatives Addressing Innovative Challenge. Harvard Business School.
McLaughlin, C.P. & McLaughlin, C.D. (2014). Health Policy Analysis: An Interdisciplinary Approach.(2nd Edition). Burlington, Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Resnik, D.B. (2007). Responsibility for Health: Personal, Social, and Environmental. J Med Ethics. 33(8): 444-445.
Practicum Project in Health Informatics
Strengths
• This practicum thesis allows the student to work on developing informatics-based applications while also applying informatics science and skills.
• Uses technology to help streamline processes that ultimately aid in the patient experience
• Lowers costs while increasing efficiency
Weaknesses
• Does not focus on the "human component" of technology
• Focuses on the benefits of informatics but does not take into account the costs as it relates to onboarding. People must be training on the technology; stakeholders must know how to fix problems that arise. All employees must be willing to adopt the technology.
• Does not properly take into account the threat of cyber security and its implications on training nurses. A hack may disrupt the overall application of the technology
"Preceptor Training and Nurse etention"
Strengths
• Strong emphasis on a team approach as it relates to training and retention…
References:
1) American Association of Colleges of Nursing Essentials. (2006). The essentials of doctoral education for advanced nursing practice. Retrieved from http://www.aacn.nche.edu/publications/position/DNPEssentials.pdf .
2) American Nurses Association. (2010). Scope and standards of practice. Silver Spring, MD: Nursebooks.org.
3) Bae, S., Mark, B., & Fried, B. (2010). Impact of nursing unit turnover on patient outcomes in hospitals. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 42(1), 40-9. doi:10.1111/j.1547-5069.2009.01319.x.
4) Baker, S. L. (2010). Nurse educator orientation: Professional development that promotes retention. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 41(9), 413-7. doi:10.3928/00220124-20100503-02.
Repealing and replacing Obamacare was one of the rallying points for President Trumps presidential campaign, but has proven to be difficult even with a Republican-controlled Congress. There are a number of reasons that repeal and replace has been difficult, even though the Affordable Care Act (the ACA) was, at best, an imperfect solution to the modern healthcare crises. Public support for repealing Obamacare has lessened as people have become aware that Obamacare and the ACA are the same thing. Republicans have not been able to develop a plan that would provide better care for the American people without having an individual mandate. Finally, the for-profit medical structure currently in the United States makes it difficult, if not impossible, to provide significant reform. These barriers make it seem unlikely that Obamacare will be repealed or replaced in the near future.
Perhaps the most significant barrier to repeal and replace is the…
Affordable Care Act signed law President Barack Obama March 2010. Many provisions law directly affect
Several different important elements exist as part of the Affordable Care Act, specifically as it pertains to community and public health. One of the most salient of these is the commitment that the act makes towards preventative care -- which directly impacts public health. A large part of the goal of this act is to improve the general wellness of the community by helping people to maintain their health. A healthy community, quite frankly, will have less need for more expensive medical care if it can maintain its health in the first place. In this respect, the fact that individuals can now get a free checkup from their doctors helps to reinforce this preemptive approach to enforcing wellness. Also, the act has made many diagnostic procedures related to a general examination free or available to…
References
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2014). Key features of the Affordable Care Act. www.hhs.gov Retrieved from http://www.hhs.gov/healthcare/facts/timeline/index.html
American Nurses Association. (2014). Health care transformation: the Affordable Care Act and more. www.nursingworld.org Retrieved from http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/Policy-Advocacy/HealthSystemReform/AffordableCareAct.pdf