S. manufactures lost a considerable share of the market to foreign manufacturers.
George Stigler developed the economic theory of regulation in the late 1960s, arguing that, instead of regulation being imposed on industries in genuine democratic efforts to protect consumers, big businesses seek out government regulation in an effort to gain monopoly or cartel powers they cannot obtain by market methods (Edwards, 2002). Historically, big businesses have been responsible for creating most government regulatory agencies that will benefits their interests (artlett, 2002). Regulation helps erect barriers to entry for smaller businesses because it serves as an overhead cost that big businesses can more easily absorb than smaller businesses with less revenue. For example, the Federal Communications Commission makes it difficult to get into the radio, television, or telecommunications business and the Food and Drug Administration limits the pharmaceutical industry to a few big businesses that can afford the prohibitive cost of…...

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Bibliography

Alden, L. Competition and market power.  http://www.econoclass.com/imperfectcompetition.html 

Bartlett, B. (2002, March 27). The Enron template. Natioal Review.  http://www.nationalreview.com/nrof_bartlett/bartlett032702.asp 

Corporations in the United Stats. U.S. Department of State.  http://economics.about.com/od/smallbigbusiness/a/corporations.htm 

Edwards, J.R. (2002, March). Do big corporations control America? The Freeman: Ideas on Liberty. Vol 52, No. 3.  http://www.fee.org/publications/the-freeman/article.asp?aid=4061

This initial influx of labor gave the New mmigrants an opportunity to earn a wage and survive economically in the urban centers of the country. As the majority of these new yet rapidly growing businesses were located in major urban areas, the opportunity they provided New mmigrants of earning a steady paycheck drew them from the more impoverished areas of the world. n conjunction with this development, the exponential growth of these businesses began to create the need for middle managers, upper management and staffs to support the CEOs and founders. Based on this division of labor the middle class of the U.S. was beginning to take shape. The rise of Big Business was directly tied to the productivity of each of these specific groups of workers, with many becoming consumers for the mass-manufactured products being produced in the nation's factories. n conclusion, this period of American history illustrates…...

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In the years immediately following the Civil War, the U.S. was in an ideal position to experience rapid technological and economic growth. First, the U.S. had abundant nature resources including coal, iron ore and oil which had been untapped yet showed significant promise for the production of steel in addition to being an abundant energy supply. Second, inventions were being discovered at a rate unseen before in American development and technology. Third, the American economy was strong and had the capital available to invest in new machines, factories and technologies to increase manufacturing and production efficiency.

Fourth, there was a growing labor force due to the immigration occurring during this period. Fifth, entrepreneurs emerged during this period including Andrew Carnegie, John Rockefeller, and Cornelius Vanderbilt who had a high tolerance for risk and provided the capital for these new technologies to become widespread in use. Of the many inventions created during this time, the typewriter (1868), telephone (1876), linotype (1884), adding machine (1888), airplane (1903), light bulb (1879) and radio (1895) influenced both personal and business daily lives of Americans the most.

These innovations brought about rapid growth in the size, scale, and culture of businesses, leading to a mindset of using abundant manual labor to do what eventually would be done through automation. This initial influx of labor gave the New Immigrants an opportunity to earn a wage and survive economically in the urban centers of the country. As the majority of these new yet rapidly growing businesses were located in major urban areas, the opportunity they provided New Immigrants of earning a steady paycheck drew them from the more impoverished areas of the world. In conjunction with this development, the exponential growth of these businesses began to create the need for middle managers, upper management and staffs to support the CEOs and founders. Based on this division of labor the middle class of the U.S. was beginning to take shape. The rise of Big Business was directly tied to the productivity of each of these specific groups of workers, with many becoming consumers for the mass-manufactured products being produced in the nation's factories. In conclusion, this period of American history illustrates how when a series of strong, external factors are present, exponential economic growth can occur. Its effect on the New Immigrants, new middle and upper class were one of duality; America became known as an economic power in the world for the first time.

They protested workplace hazards and the treatment of workers like disposable commodities when laborers became injured, sick, or old. The Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor were two of the earliest labor organizations. However, legislation and government actions suppressing the strikers and a failure by the legislature or the legal system to acknowledge the suffering of laborers lead to violent confrontations between workers, managers, and the law. These workers felt as though the benefits of capitalist consumer society were being gained through their blood, sweat, tears, and lives, and they had no voice other than violence.
The railroad strikes of 1877, the Haymarket riot, and the Homestead and Pullman strikes all resulted in bloodshed on both sides. The emerging middle-class grew hostile to labor and began to associate it with violence. Class divisions intensified in American society. Ideologies such as Social Darwinism or that 'survival of the…...

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Works Cited

Norton, Mary Beth. A People and a Nation. 7th Edition. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2008.

Google Groupon
The world of big business is often filled with takeovers, mergers and acquisitions. These types of transactions are often very impactful and can send serious changes across the financial landscape. It is therefore very important to students of financial and economic systems to investigate and measure the utility of these types of trades. The purpose of this essay is to examine an specific example where a potential merger is investigated to achieve this objective. In this case, this essay will argue the recent rumors of Google acquiring Groupon and the ramifications of this event. The essay will attempt to answer if this potential acquisition would add value to the shareholders of each corporation in order to make an executive decision as whether or not to recommend such a transaction.

Mergers and Acquisitions

Benefits of Mergers and Acquisitions are the main reasons for which the companies come into these deals. Mergers and…...

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Works Cited

Coontz, G. (2004). Economic Impact of Corporate Mergers and Acquisitions on Acquiring Firm Shareholder Wealth. The Park Place Economist, Vol 12, 2004. Retrieved from  http://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1102&context=parkplace 

Lachapelle, T. (2012). Google Would be Nuts to Buy Groupon, Even at a huge Discount. Business Insider, 11 Dec 2012. Retrieved from   would-be-nuts-to-buy-groupon-even-at-a-huge-discount-2012-12http://www.businessinsider.com/google -

Lacahpelle, T. (2012). Buying Groupon Hard for Anyone as Growth Slows. Bloomberg, 11 Dec 2012. Retrieved from   hard-for-anyone-as-growth-slows-real-m-a.htmlhttp://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-12-11/buying-groupon -

Yahoo Finance. "Groupon." Viewed 16 March 2013. Retrieved from  http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=GRPN&ql=0

Blaxpoitation and Big Business
The writer examines the relationship that existed between U.S. corporations and the black consumers in the period of the 1970s. The main focuses of the chapter are three major trends that involved African-Americans during this period mentioned therein. These include the successful attempt by Hollywood to reach the African-American consumer market through the successful introduction of the film genre known as the Blaxploitation genre. The chapter gives examples of the films that made up this genre and how they were easily sold out to the African America population. It also shows how the films were welcomed by the Africa America population and how Hollywood really made fortunes from releasing one film after the other. Some of the films named include sweet sweetback, shaft, super fly among others. Historical and psychological insight helps in giving an explanation of why black consumers were manipulated easily through the film industry…...

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Given the evidence provided in the chapter it appears that the African-American population in the period of the 1970's was exploited. Hollywood was successful in selling the Blaxploitation films to the African-American society. We see that one film after the other was released and all these films were a huge success. The production costs of the films were low but very high returns were realized. The exploitation is brought about by the fact that Hollywood was run by whites who made movies that were appealing to the African-American which were not helpful to them.in fact they were made to pay for films that were bringing more harm than good. The evidence also fully supports how the white insurance companies began targeting black people for their policies.

Implications of the study

The chapter is quite helpful as it brings out the struggles that the African-Americans went through during that perid.it clearly shows how the African-American population was used by whites for their own benefits.

Christina Cui
Ethics in Business

The Nature of Corporation

The evolution of democracy is such that it periodically conditions the environment to "create a system that makes the participation of some citizens count more than the participation of others" (Shriffin as cited in Alzola, 3). Today, a wealthy elite and the deep pockets of corporations have unduly influenced the checks and balances on which the American version of representative government was established. Even though each American citizen is entitled to one vote, citizens of ordinary means and circumstances have essentially been decoupled from true representation. Massive amounts of money are poured into lobbying and electoral activities, hobbling any effort to ensure equality in voice or vote. This paper will first argue that the current political and judicial climate is incompatible with the ideology of the demos or common people. Following, the discussion will provide a counterpoint argument in which the current political and…...

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Works Cited

Alzola M "Corporate dystopia: The ethics of corporate political spending." Business Society February (2013). DOI: 10.1177/0007650312474952

Freire P. Pedagogy of the Oppressed. 30th Anniversary ed. Bloomsbury Academic. 2000.

Gibbins. "Romeo and Juliet." Arden Shakespeare. 2nd ed. (Q2 of 1599; Q1 of 1597). 1980.

Scherer AG and Palazzo G. "Towards a political conception of corporate responsibility: Business and society seen from a Habermasian perspective. Academy of Management Review 32 (2007): 1096-1120.

Andrew Mellon was an important figure in American history. His policies and strategies helped to shape the American economy and the tax policies that exist. The purpose of this paper is to discuss Andrew Mellon the man and his history as the Secretary of Treasury in the 1920's. The discussion will seek to dispel the assertion that Mellon only aided the wealthy and that his policies helped trigger the Great Depression.
Andrew Mellon

Andrew Mellon's family was composed of entrepreneurs who had accumulated wealth through the companies that they owned. According to the United States department of the Treasury, Andrew Mellon showed an acumen for finance when he formed a lumber business when he was only 17 (History of the Treasury). Mellon joined his father's banking firm at the age of 19 and became the owner of that bank at the age of 27 (History of the Treasury). In addition, Mellon aided…...

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Bibliography

History of the Treasury. United States Department of the Treasury. 2005  http://www.ustreas.gov/education/history/secretaries/awmellon.html 

Brooks, Robert C. Political Parties and Electoral Problems. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1923.

Craig, Douglas B. After Wilson: The Struggle for Control of the Democratic Party, 1920-1934. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1992.

Foster, William Trufant, and Waddill Catchings. Profits. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1925.

In the long run, Machan & Chesher's argument makes sense -- care for the health and safety of company employees and see the company grow more profitable! Care for one's own health and one will be a better employee! However, management does not always take the long-term vision that, 'if I allow my employee to take a day off for the flu, he or she will be more productive upon his or her return, and not infect other employees.' Employees may be told to come in to the office when they are sick or else they will be fired. Thus, they risk their own health or the health of others, to make a quick return on the corporation's investment in an employee. Also, an adolescent or even a twenty-year-old on his or her first job may have a sense of invincibility, and do imprudent things, like speed to deliver pizzas,…...

Business Transformation Strategy
GE Capital oodchester is a leading provider of motor car, equipment, and personal finance in the country of Ireland. They offer the most flexible packages for diverse financial needs and as such, have earned the position of leading the personal and capitol acquisition financial services. GE Capital oodchester also provides specialized financing and services and they focus on niches including equipment and car leasing, hire purchase and loans to businesses and individuals across Ireland. Headquartered in Dublin, GE Capital oodchester services the financial needs of its customers through its regional sales centers and extensive dealer and partner network.

GE Capital oodchester is a wholly owned subsidiary of GE Capital. ith assets of more than U.S.$425 billion, (gecapitol.ie, online) GE Capital is a global, diversified financial services company with 28 specialized businesses worldwide. GE Capital has had an enviable record of growth over the past decade delivering value added services…...

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Works Cited

Who We Are. (2002) GE Capitol. Accessed 6 August 2003. Website: http://gecapital.ie/GECapital/WhoWeAre.cfm

Our Expertise. (2002) GE Capitol. Accessed 6 August 2003. Website: http://gecapital.ie/GECapital/OurExpertise.cfm

Hill, C. & Jones, G. (2001) Strategic management: an integrated approach, 5th ed. Houghton Mifflin Company: Boston.

Porter, Michael. (1980) Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors New York: Simon and Schuster.

Integrated communication allows for more seamless interaction with stakeholders, and thus a strong communication strategy is necessary for modern strategic stakeholder management. Even in the midst of globalization, stakeholders can still weigh in heavily in the direction and practices of a business. This is the main topic of the article "Stakeholder Forum Calls for eview of Eskom's New Build Programme." In this article, stakeholders are shown as exercising their power by questioning Eskom's recent move to develop new housing and commercial buildings. Fearing their money was being spent too liberally, stakeholders in Eskom came together and requested further review before the program was implemented. This shows the continuing power of the stakeholder even in modern business.
The nature of business is changing on a global scale. Yet, it is clear that certain elements of traditional business still play a key role in this new context. Protecting and giving back to…...

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References

Columbine, Nicci. (2009). Elevating the role of corporate communication to improve stakeholder engagement. Biz Community. Retrieved November 18, 2009 at  http://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/18/41912.html 

Creamer Media Reporter. (2009). Stakeholder forum calls for review of Eskom's new build programme. Engineering News. Retrieved November 19, 2009 at  http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/stakeholder-forum-calls-for-review-of-eskoms-new-build-programme-2009-11-19 

Connolly, Peggy. (2009). Global stakeholder influence examined in new Boston College report. CSR Wire. Retrieved November 19, 2009 at  http://www.csrwire.com/press/press_release/28216-Global-Stakeholder-Influence-Examined-in-New-Boston-College-Report 

Gupta, Indrajit. (2009). Business as a force of good. Forbes India. Business. Retrieved November 18, 2009 at http://business.in.com/column/column/business-as-a-force-of-good/7002/1

Business Ethics
When the Truth Takes a Stretching Class

Maria Bailey clearly and blatantly misrepresented the size of her start-up business, but shrugged it off saying she knew what she was "capable of doing" and just wanted to show potential clients "what we were going to be," rather than tell them the truth about how fledgling her business actually was at that time.

Was it immoral for Mary Bailey to misrepresent her company?

Looking at the "consequential" side of her decision to fudge the truth about her company, moral decisions are made based upon what the consequences of the action will be. The results of her action actually could have several consequences. The one first and pivotal consequence Maria hopes will happen, of course, is that the fact of her deciding to embellish the truth about the size of her company will bring potential customers into her business start-up Web site fold, and soon…...

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References

Australasian Business Intelligence. (2004, May 4). Guilty plea follows workplace death.

Bauman, Margaret. (2004). Alaska leads nation in workplace death rate, report says.

Alaska Journal of Commerce.

Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. (1999). Improvements in workplace safety

An article by Bernard Stahl, "The responsible company of the future: reflective responsibility in business," that the one thing that is certain about the future is its uncertainty. While uncertainty has always been a constant of human life, due to technological and social developments, risk and uncertainty are going to be defining features that future companies of the future will have to face. Acting responsibly will allow companies to face risks and uncertainties, to adhere to moral standards and at the same time improve their economic viability. Developing and implementing a plan for responsible action will demand costly and significant resources, patience and the acceptance that failure can still occur. However, this approach will be much better for our country and the world at large. I look forward to having such a company after graduating.
Similarly, an article by Ken Petress, "Some thoughts about deception," stresses that "Deception is shown…...

Removing losses from the company's books made the main corporation look more attractive. Enron appeared to be operating at a profit; a key factor in the valuation of any company's stock. By virtue of this "success," Enron was able to raise even more money for more investments.
The architects of all this "growth" profited accordingly. Ken Lay and his associates held large amounts of exceedingly valuable and overvalued stock. hen Enron's cheating was finally exposed, it became painfully apparent to what extent Ken Lay, Jeff Skilling, and other Enron executives had been making vast sums of money on the backs of gullible workforce, and a gullible public:

The "Enron Nine" (if we may call them that) are J.P. Morgan Chase, Citigroup, Credit Suisse First Boston, Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, Bank of America, Merrill Lynch, Barclays, Deutsche Bank and Lehman Brothers. These financial institutions collaborated with the now-bankrupt energy company in…...

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Works Cited

 

Today the outbound telephone marketing industry has given political campaigns the ability to reach out to a large group of targeted voters in a quick and quiet way, just below the radar. This notion went way beyond the small volunteer call centers that have existed for over forty years. It was essential for the technology to be in place and widely utilized. Political campaigns could not have put into production a complete industry of dissimilar companies, large and small, with many thousands of telephones in call centers. This was a revolution as one could target using any criteria from gender, age, vote propensity, income, level of education, to presence of children. One could shape the message even within a single calling agenda, so that they may be calling all women, but the script may be different for younger women in comparison to older women. And maybe most importantly, one can…...

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References

Bimber, B., and Davis, R. 2003. Campaigning Online: TheInternet in U.S. Elections, New

York: Oxford University Press.

Cornfield, M. 2005. Commentary on the Impact of the Internet onthe 2004 Election,

Washington, DC: Pew Internet and American Life Project, March 3.

In addition, individuals have ethical decisions when it comes to whistleblowing, because very often, when they bring attention to a problem or concern within an organization, they pay the ultimate price - they lose their jobs, or lose the respect of their peers and management. In this, the organization is to blame, and it indicates the ethics of the organization do not encourage truth and doing the right thing. A good case in point of whistleblowing that was ignored is the case of the Challenger space shuttle, which blew up in 1986. Engineers had called attention to the problem with the o-rings that caused the explosion, but NASA ignored their concerns and it resulted in a disaster (Cadbury, 2002, p. 108-116). There are many other examples of this kind of unethical behavior on the part of organizations, and it results in individuals who may be afraid to do the right…...

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References

Berlau, J., & Spun, B. (2002, March 18). Is big business ethically bankrupt? Insight on the News, 18, 16+.

Cadbury, a. (2002). Chapter 1 Business dilemmas. In Case histories in business ethics, Megone, C. & Robinson, S.J. (Eds.) (pp. 9-22). London: Routledge.

Editors. (2008). Business ethics: Definition. Retrieved 14 June 2008 from the Answers.com Web site:  http://www.answers.com/topic/business-ethics?cat=biz-fin .

Editors. (2008). Ethics resource center. Retrieved 14 June 2008 from the Ethics.org Web site:  http://www.ethics.org/ .

Leisure is an interesting topic that spans many different areas.  On its own, leisure is big business.  Recreation and hospitality both represent huge sectors of the economy.  Leisure is also an important psycho-social issue.  It impacts family life, health, lifestyle, work-life balance, human resources, and many other issues.  Therefore, it is important to study leisure on its own and as a component of other factors.

Some titles and topic ideas for an essay on leisure include:

Compulsive Productivity- How an emphasis on work and hustling has degraded the concept of leisure time in the United....

1. Introduction: Sunny Africa's incisive analysis of the Philippine economy presents a stark contrast to the government's optimistic narrative. While the government extols economic growth, Africa unmasks the grim reality of widening poverty, unemployment, and inequality. A fundamental point of divergence lies in the government's adherence to free-market principles and tax reforms, which Africa contends disproportionately favor the affluent and corporations.

2. Government's Optimistic Narrative: The government paints a rosy picture of economic growth, citing rising GDP and foreign investments. However, Africa argues that these macroeconomic indicators fail to capture the lived experiences of ordinary Filipinos, who continue to grapple with poverty, joblessness,....