Charismatic Leadership Essays (Examples)

Leadership

The concept of the charismatic leader captivates those who study leadership. In part, the appeal of the charismatic leader is that charisma is inherently difficult to identify, quantify and measure. We simply know it when we see it. Each leader has his or her own personal charisma, which affects his or her ability to guide and motivate the actions of others. Those with strong personalities may perhaps be better at motivating, and the result is stronger action. The charismatic leader, as noted, is also someone who can move the organization beyond the status quo. This hints that part of charisma is having vision, at least when combined with the ability to execute that vision. This paper will explore the idea of the charismatic leader.

Defining charismatic leadership

As Yukl notes, the idea of leadership itself is inherently lacking in precise definition, which creates problems for the study of leadership,…

References:

Conger, J. & Kanungo, R. (1987). Toward a behavioral theory of charismatic leadership in organizational settings. Academy of Management Review. Vol. 12 (4) 637-647.

Criulla, J. (2003). The ethics of leadership. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Riggio, R. (2012). What is charisma and charismatic leadership? Psychology Today. Retrieved September 28, 2013 from  http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/cutting-edge-leadership/201210/what-is-charisma-and-charismatic-leadership 

Yukl, G. (1999). An evaluation of weaknesses in transformational and charismatic leadership theories. The Leadership Quarterly. Vol. 10 (2) 285-305.

Leadership Path Goal Theory

The Boy Scouts" using the "path- goal theory

Leadership theories

Path Goal Theory

Explain how the theory works and include an example

Explain the effect of power and influence that leaders have on followers in the organization

Are the followers receptive?

Would you recommend another strategy?

Transformational Leadership

Transactional Leadership

Evaluate the role of transformational and transformational leadership in the organization

Effectiveness of transformational and transactional leadership in the organization

Examples

Assess the traits and characteristics of an effective team leader within the organization

Explain how the leadership supports vision, mission, and strategy in the organization

If you were the leader in the organization, what would you change and why?

Conclusion

eferences

Introduction:

The leadership theories are different in their relevance and approach, however, the importance of effective leadership cannot be undermined in operations of a successful organization. The boy scouts and other military organizations also…

References:

Bolman, L.G., & Deal, T.E. (2011). Reframing organizations: Artistry, choice and leadership. USA: Jossey-Bass.

Samson, D., & Daft, R.L. (2009). Fundamentals of management. Australia: Cengage Learning.

Winkler, I. (2010). Contemporary leadership theories. USA: Springer.

Leadership Style: What Do People Do When they are Leading?

Hewlett Packard (HP) remains one of the most successful computer and related services company in the Diversified Computer Systems industry. In this text, I concern myself with the leadership style of Meg Whitman -- the CEO of HP. In so doing, I will amongst other things analyze how her leadership style aligns with the company's culture. I will also examine Whitman's strengths, weaknesses as well as personal and organizational values.

Born in 1956, Whitman has over the years earned herself an enviable reputation as an efficient and brilliant corporate executive keen on making a mark in a corporate environment dominated by men. Having cut her teeth at Hasbro, Stride ite, Disney, and most notably eBay where served as CEO for a decade, Whitman rose to become the head of HP. She has also in the past tried her hand in…

References

Ferris, G.R. & Treadway, D.C. (Eds.). (2012). Politics in Organizations: Theory and Research Considerations. New York, NY: Taylor and Francis Group.

Forsyth, D.R. (2010). Group Dynamics (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning.

Fox, W. (2007). Managing Organizational Behavior. Cape Town: Juta and Company.

Hellriegel, D. & Slocum, J.W. (2009). Organizational Behavior (12th ed.). Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.

Leadership Plans for Upcoming Academic Year

Over the course of the upcoming academic year, I hope to pursue opportunities that will ground my academic work in educational experiences outside of the classroom. I will become part of an undergraduate research program that will enable me to marry my real-life work in the world with what I have learned about marketing theory in school. I also will join more activities that will enable me to connect with other students of similar interests and aptitudes. One difficulty with working full-time and pursuing an undergraduate degree is that time is often scarce; obtaining a scholarship would free up more of my time to delve deeper into extracurricular activities. I have come to realize how the opportunities afforded to me to network with my peers and future employers are essential. I seek new opportunities to lead and to learn from other student and professional…

Leadership

Comparing Characteristics of Leaders and Managers

The term leader and manager is often used in an interchangeable manner and it is likely that at some point most leaders have undertaken a management role. However, when looking at leaders and managers there are some distinct differences. These can be considered in terms of their characteristics and the way these characteristics manifest. A common theme in much literature is the way in which leaders may be identified as they have followers and inspire others

This refers to the concept of leaders having charisma. In this context there are many examples of leaders both good and bad. Leaders which fit in with this context include, John F. Kennedy former U.S. President, Nelson Mandela the South African leader, Richard Branson founder of the Virgin empire and Howard Schultz the CEO and inspiration behind Starbucks. These are all examples of charismatic leaders

. They…

He has also had to grapple with a dangerous world, including escalating tensions in the Middle East. These challenges have forced him to deviate from the inspiring, common touch of the rhetoric of the campaign.

However, some of the perceived shift in tone in Obama's leadership seems less due to circumstances and more due to greater knowledge of his character, such as his more aloof and cerebral side that his advisors tried to hide during the campaign. These qualities have made it difficult for him to communicate the full benefits America has accrued from his leadership, and allowed some of his political adversaries to position him as elitist, despite his relatively modest upbringing. But although he may not always be as charismatic as a reasoned and cautious leader, he is always transformational in his aspirations -- otherwise he would never have undertaken the risks of reforming healthcare at all. There…

References

Dowlin, Joan E. (2011). President Obama's calm assertiveness. The Huffington Post.

Retrieved June 27, 2011 at  http://www.huffingtonpost.com/joan-e-dowlin/president-obamas-leadersh_1_b_836228.html 

Hamburger, Tom & Matea Gold. (2011, June 25) Election 2012: Obama campaign courts wealthy donors. The L.A. Times. Retrieved June 27, 2011 at  http://articles.latimes.com/2011/jun/25/nation/la-na-0625-obama-donors-20110625 

McManus, Doyle. (2009, February 15). For Obama, governing isn't campaigning.

Most conclusions on this approach were vague or indecisive in terms of social, psychological or mental significance (ice, 1978, 1981; Graen et al., 1972; Ashour, 1973).

Furthermore, over the years, many scholars have come to the realization that leadership is situational and hence there are many realistic settings like the environment, the employees, the resources, etc. that determine the characteristics needed in a leader as well as his/her business approach (Hershey and Blanchard, 1977, 1984). This is why it is important to first understand the different types of scenarios that a leader can face and then use those scenarios as the foundation on which most leadership techniques and approaches are built. This idea of leadership being situational is very helpful in outlining the methods through which leadership can be developed and has taken up a good part of the last three-decade of research (Mckenna, Boyd and Yost, 2007).

There were…

References

Adler, a. (1946). Understanding human nature. New York: Permabooks.

Ashour, a.S. (1973). The Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness: An Evaluation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 9: 335-76.

Bandura, a. (1997). Self-efficacy. The Exercise of Control. New York: W.H. Freeman. (Bass, B.M. 1985). Leadership and Performance Beyond Expectations. New York: The Free Press.

Bennis, W., and B. Nanus. (1985). Leaders. New York: Harper and Row.

"An older, more experienced teacher questions whether 15- to 17-year-old kids are really ready yet to handle Keating's brand of freedom. 'Gee, I never pegged you for a cynic,' says Keating. 'I'm not,' says the other teacher. 'I'm a realist.'… Although there's a carefully placed scene in which Keating tries to make the distinction between unfettered self-expression and self-destructive behavior, the principles behind the re-formation of the Dead Poets Society eventually lead to catastrophe. It becomes clear that at least some of the boys really aren't emotionally equipped to incorporate into their own lives the kind of freedom and nonconformism that Keating is selling" (Emerson 2010). The extremity of Neil's reaction shows the vulnerability of his unformed adolescent emotions and his inability to deal with his resistance to his father in a rational fashion.

However, for all of his faults, by the end of the film, Keating's students have clearly…

References

Dead Poet's Society. (1989). Directed by Peter Weir.

Emerson, Jim. (2010). Dead Poets Society. Retrieved February 13, 2010 at Screening room. http://cinepad.com/reviews/deadpoets.htm

Straker, David. (2010). Charismatic leadership. Changing Minds. Retrieved February 13, 2010 at  http://changingminds.org/disciplines/leadership/styles/charismatic_leadership.htm

The four lanchard leadership styles include:

1) directive;

2) managing;

3) coaching; and 4) delegating. (Clawson, 1989)

2) House's Path Goal Theory of Leadership - the motivational function of the leader consists of increasing personal payoffs to subordinates for work-goal attainment and making the path to these payoffs easier to travel by clarifying it, reducing roadblocks and pitfalls, and increasing the opportunities for personal satisfaction en route. (Clawson,1989)

V. CHARISMATIC THEORY

Charismatic leadership is measured by: (1) Followers' trust in the correctness of the leader's belief; (2) similarity of followers' beliefs to the leader's beliefs; (3) unquestioning acceptance of the leader by followers; (4) followers' affection for the leader; (5) followers' willing obedience to the leader; (6) emotional involvement of followers in the mission of the organization; (7) heightened performance goals of followers; and (8) belief of followers that they are able to contribute to the success of the group's…

Bibliography

Liu, W., Lepak, D.P., Takeuchi, R., and Sims, H.P (2003) Matching Leadership Styles with Employment modes: Strategic Human Resource Management Perspective. Human Resource Management Review. 13 (2003).

Clawson, J.G. (1989) Leadership Theories. University of Virginia Darden School Foundation. Charlottesville, VA. Online SSRN Research.

Stodgills Handbook of Leadership (1981) revised Bernard M. Bass New York: The Free Press 1981.

Mintzberg, Henry (1973) Mintzberg's Ten Managerial Roles -the Nature of Managerial Work 1973.

Leadership

Few leaders so overtly and ostentatiously embody the concept of transformational leadership as Sir Richard Branson. Branson heads the mega company Virgin Group. The leader's unconventional personality has been described as vocal and flamboyant, (Management and Leadership of Richard Branson at Virgin Group Ltd., 2010). Although Branson is known for his personal charisma, he does not limit himself to a charismatic leadership style. Charismatic leaders operate on the assumption that Charm and grace are all that is needed to create followers, (Leadership Styles, Changing Minds).

From his charismatic character flows a natural leadership style that encourages personal freedom of choice at the managerial level. Thus, Richard Branson can be best appreciated as a transformational leader, and one who has extraordinary vision. Transformational leadership is characterized by the empowerment of workers to make decisions that promote organizational goals, visions, and values. Transformational leaders aim to achieve an articulated vision of…

"Management and Leadership of Richard Branson at Virgin Group Ltd." (2010). UPX Success. Retrieved online: http://www.upxsuccess.com/leadership_richard_branson.html

"Most Recognized Organizational Leadership Models." Retrieved online:  http://hubpages.com/hub/Global-Leadership-Models 

Murray, A. (n.d.). Leadership styles. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved online:  http://guides.wsj.com/management/developing-a-leadership-style/how-to-develop-a-leadership-style/

It was after this season that Phil Jackson left the Platoons of Albany and joined the Chicago Bulls as an Assistant Coach, and as it is generally said, the 'rest is history'. (Lakers Coach Phil Jackson signs with WMA and Original Entertainment)

In a nutshell, a leader can be seen as a person or an individual who is inevitably the most important person within the group or organization where he is working or associated with in any way. It is this very leader who is most often responsible for the successes and the failures of the group or the team, which is under him. However, it is sometimes said that success and failure also lies in the hands of the followers, and in nay sort of organization or group, it is in the hands of the follower that the leader's goals and dreams are generally carried out or executed. Chris…

References

DuPree, David. Phil Jackson, Zen and Now. USA TODAY. 6 June, 2002. Retrieved at  http://www.usatoday.com/sports/nba/02playoffs/2002-06-05-cover-jackson.htm . Accessed on 24 January, 2004

Empowerment: Developing Effective Followers. Retrieved From www.surcon.com/Surcon_Empowerment.doc+the+career+and+leadership+of+Phil+Jackson&hl=en"  http://www.surcon.com/Surcon_Empowerment.doc . Accessed on 24 January, 2004

Evaluate Performance Constantly. Retrieved From www.teamsthatwin.com/ftp/EVALUATE%2520PERFORMANCE%2520CONSTANTLY.pdf+how+was+Coach+Phil+Jackson+effective+in+enabling+players+to+reach+their+peak+performance+levels+&hl=en"  http://www.teamsthatwin.com/ftp/EVALUATE%20PERFORMANCE%20CONSTANTLY.pdf . Accessed on 24 January, 2004

Lakers Coach Phil Jackson signs with WMA and Original Entertainment. William Morris Agency, Press Releases. Retrieved at  http://www.wma.com/0/press/pressreleases/Phil_Jackson_Final.html . Accessed on 24 January, 2004

According to the Ohio State University (2004), both could be equally appropriate in terms of overall company outcomes, as they are very similar in terms of valuing and inspiring follower excellence.

When considering the motivation towards leadership for each type of leader, the contrast is sharper. The servant leader, for example, leads from a motivations basis of egalitarianism. The leader's fundamental belief is that he or she is no better than followers. The company's collective goals are then reached by means of an egalitarian team effort, where both leader and followers learn from the experience. Servant leaders are therefore much more focused upon the non-traditional form of leadership, which exists in beign servants themselves (Patterson, edmer and Stone, 2003, p. 6). Followers are provided with a large amount of freedom to exercise the abilities they can bring to the promotion of the business goals. This means that a very high…

References

Bugenhage, M.J. (2006, Dec). Antecedents of Transactional Transformational, and Servant Leadership: A constructive-Development Theory Approach. University of Nebraska. Retrieved from:  http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1001&context=aglecdiss 

Changing Minds (2011). Bass' Transformational Leadership Theory. Retrieved from:  http://changingminds.org/disciplines/leadership/theories/bass_transformational.htm 

The Ohio State University. (2004, Dec. 22). Transformational and Servant Leadership: Content and Contextual Comparisons. Leadership Center. Retrieved from:  http://leadershipcenter.osu.edu/library/publications/leadership-discoveries/2004/december-2004-transformational-and-servant-leadership-content-and-contextual-comparisons 

Patterson, K., Redmer, T.A.O., and Stone, a.G. (2003, Oct.) Transformational Leaders to Servant Leaders vs. Level 4 Leaders to Level 5 Leaders -- the Move from Good to Great. Regent University. Retrieved from:  http://www.cbfa.org/Patterson.pdf

Leadership for Organizations

Leadership

The success of organizations and individuals' careers are influenced by the role of leaders. Nowadays firms seek leadership skills in individuals for all sorts of careers while recruiting. Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) believe that it has become critically important to nurture leadership approach at all levels of the organization (Lussier, Achua, 2009, p. 4).

The topic of leadership has been gaining tremendous attention of academic world and media (ass, Riggio, 2006, p. 17). Many experts have written about leadership and the challenges related to it as the subject is highly valued and at the same time a complex phenomenon (Northouse, 2009, p. 1).

In today's world individuals need to develop skills and capabilities required in professional world through personal development. They need to assess their strengths, weaknesses, leadership competencies and goals in order to achieve leadership capabilities (Rothstein 2010).

Leaders need to possess a wide range…

Bibliography

Adams, J.D. (Ed.). (1986). Transforming leadership: From vision to results. Alexandria, VA: Miles River Press.

Allen, K.E. (1995). Making sense out of chaos: Leading and living in dynamic systems. Campus Activities Programming, 52-59.

Argyris, C. (1970). Intervention theory and method: A behavioral science view. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

Armstrong, S., & Armstrong, S. (1996). The conductor as transformational leader. Music Educators Journal, 82(May), 22-25.

Though there has been a strong correlation shown between the possession of certain key traits and effective leadership, no trait (or combination of traits) guarantees good leadership. More importantly, effective leadership does not really depend upon specific character traits so much as specific choices. The personality traits that can lead to good leadership tend to be those that allow for decisive and informed decisions based on the needs of the group or organization being led; charisma is certainly not among these, and the traits themselves are secondary to the decisions they lead to, regardless (Kirkpatrick & Locke 1991). Charisma no more makes a leader than attractiveness or another physical attribute.

Going back to charisma specifically, some have questioned whether the use of charisma as an enhancement to leadership -- or at least a tool of persuasion used by one in authority -- is even an ethical way to lead. In…

References

Elliott, M. (2009). "No charisma? Don't worry, you can still be a leader." Time. Accessed 29 January 2010.  http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1909616-3,00.html 

Howell, J. & Avolio, B. (1992). "The ethics of charismatic leadership." Academy of management executive 6(2), pp. 43-54.

Kirkpatrick, S. & Locke, E. (1991). "Leadership: Do Traits Matter?" The Executive 5(2), pp. 48-60

Nye, J. (2008). "Charisma and leadership." Accessed 29 January 2010,  http://www.huffingtonpost.com/joseph-nye/charisma-and-leadership_b_99466.html

Leadership

Response to Post #1

Your example of Shaar Mustaf, founder and leader of the Take Charge Juvenile Diversion Program, Inc. does exemplify the value of programs dedicated to helping at-risk individuals, especially young people, to overcome some of the most serious challenges they face in becoming productive and law-abiding members of society. However, I am not clear from your post what style or personal philosophy of leadership Mr. Mustaf uses to achieve the worthwhile objectives of the Take Charge Juvenile Diversion Program. I would be curious to know how much of his success and that of the organization and program is a function of his substantive knowledge and the effectiveness of the organization in other areas and how much of the success of the organization and program might be directly related to leadership style or leadership effectiveness on the part of Mr. Mustaf and, more generally, within the hierarchy…

Leadership Application

Mr. Smith has been the president of our social club for a very long time. He has been reelected as the president unanimously for more than three times since he started his term. The reason as to why he has held this position is because of his effective leadership.

Leadership traits

There are various traits that he holds which have made him an effective leader for this entire while. These traits include vision; he is a visionary leader. He looks forward to the future of the club with a lot of expectations. He has envisioned the club to be a success and attain a significant growth. He has an idea of the club which is clear and exciting of where the club is headed and at the same time try to accomplish the goals of the club. Secondly he is a courageous leader. This means that he is…

References

Mind Tools Ltd., (2013). Leadership Styles. Retrieved April 1,2013 from  http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_84.htm 

Cherry, K.,(2010). Lewin's Leadership Styles. Retrieved April 1, 2013 from  http://psychology.about.com/od/leadership/a/leadstyles.htm 

University of Missouri, (2010). Important Personal Traits of Effective Leaders. Retrieved April 1, 2013 from http://web.missouri.edu/~campbellr/Leadership/chapter4.htm

Frequent virtual meetings at the onset of the change team would be required to create a sense of teamwork and also to clarify roles. The virtual team can take full advantage of technologies that enable collaboration. By keeping in mind the core vision and its underlying values, a virtual change team can be every bit as effective as a live one.

eference

Hay, I. (n.d.). Transformational leadership. etrieved online: http://www.leadingtoday.org/weleadinlearning/transformationalleadership.htm

Lim, J.Y. (n.d.). Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture and Organizational Effectiveness in Sport Organizations. etrieved online: http://www.thesportjournal.org/article/transformational-leadership-organizational-culture-and-organizational-effectiveness-sport-or

Yukl, G.A. (2002). Leading change in organizations. etrieved online: http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:3HhW9jlhnmMJ:www.hss.doe.gov/deprep/archive/oversight/OrgCultureList/YuklOnCulture.pdf+yukl+functional+change&hl=en&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShM_w6gqSrEzWZ-uUX-v-AkxkiiFJutzoFrD6O2zj5Hu1zrCbgTzEL33_cpW5nN-aMhYqy_2HLWsdJVQq5fbn9wNqxrJTZlpnMXKi283D4M4IGnfc1QgUBErPwk7Khr-5zne&sig=AHIEtb3ujTiWDQkDjiKKZZD-jvFmpeTyw

Yukl, G.A. (2008). The importance of flexible leadership. etrieved online: http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:0ZB72AcLc6kJ:www.kaplandevries.com/images/uploads/Importance_of_FL_SIOP08Yukl.pdf+multiple-linkage+model:+yulk&hl=en&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESiDSwYcHX-gcBwH_QGKITxVgh5HmHfX5IYnSzMaPH0DDnOa5andwhqokJYcLSMmJ1-IUf0ZB9VPF0ib9x-tJseuG8kScir9-yK0zgNN073O-nAtAGysTtLJGXIQ6ua_aOYoBD&sig=AHIEtbQbvVU6LmhLhTJcWpWDpnUytxw1Q

Yukl, G.A. (2010). Leadership in Organizations. Prentice-Hall.

Reference

Hay, I. (n.d.). Transformational leadership. Retrieved online:  http://www.leadingtoday.org/weleadinlearning/transformationalleadership.htm 

Lim, J.Y. (n.d.). Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture and Organizational Effectiveness in Sport Organizations. Retrieved online:  http://www.thesportjournal.org/article/transformational-leadership-organizational-culture-and-organizational-effectiveness-sport-or 

Yukl, G.A. (2002). Leading change in organizations. Retrieved online:  http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:3HhW9jlhnmMJ:www.hss.doe.gov/deprep/archive/oversight/OrgCultureList/YuklOnCulture.pdf+yukl+functional+change&hl=en&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShM_w6gqSrEzWZ-uUX-v-AkxkiiFJutzoFrD6O2zRj5Hu1zrCbgTzEL33_cpW5nN-aMhYqy_2HLWsdJVQq5fbn9wNRqxrJTZlpnMXKi283D4M4IGnfc1QgUBErPwk7KRhr-5zne&sig=AHIEtbR3ujTiWDQkDjiKKZZD-jvFmpeTyw 

Yukl, G.A. (2008). The importance of flexible leadership. Retrieved online:  http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:0ZB72AcLc6kJ:www.kaplandevries.com/images/uploads/Importance_of_FL_SIOP08Yukl.pdf+multiple-linkage+model:+yulk&hl=en&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESiDSwYcHX-gcBwH_QGKITxVgh5HmHfX5IYnSzMaRPH0DDnOa5andwhqokJYcLSRMmJ1-IUf0ZB9VPF0ib9x-tJseuG8kScir9-yK0zgNN073O-nAtAGysTtLJGXIQ6ua_aOYoBD&sig=AHIEtbQbvVU6LmhLhTJRcWpWDpnUytxw1Q

The administrative support staff who is dealing with frustrated doctors who cannot adjust to the new computer tablets they are using as an alternative to paper files may require a transactional leader who can provide the organizational support needed to move through an uncomfortable transition. A single leader cannot always be everything to everyone. By learning one's leadership strengths and weaknesses and understanding the leadership skills needed to achieve the organizational objectives, the leader can begin to develop and foster his or her leadership team with people who offer complimentary skills and leadership styles.

eferences

Avolio, B.J. & Yammarino, F.J. (2002). Transformational and charismatic leadership: The road ahead. San Diego, CA: Emerald Group Publishing.

Business leadership: A Jossey-Bass reader. (2003). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Clawson, J.G. (2009). Level three leadership: Getting below the surface. (4th ed.). Upper Saddle iver, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Dulewicz, C., Young, M., & Dulewicz, V. (2005, Spring).…

References

Avolio, B.J. & Yammarino, F.J. (2002). Transformational and charismatic leadership: The road ahead. San Diego, CA: Emerald Group Publishing.

Business leadership: A Jossey-Bass reader. (2003). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Clawson, J.G. (2009). Level three leadership: Getting below the surface. (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Dulewicz, C., Young, M., & Dulewicz, V. (2005, Spring). The relevance of emotional intelligence for leadership performance. Journal of General Management, 30(3), 71-86. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

A leader carries with him/her a vision that he/she shares with those that are led.

In today's society a leader must by dynamic and flexible, as society is constantly changing and with that the rules that govern society. Thus a good leader must be possessed of a solid ethical and moral constitution, must be flexible in nature, adaptable to circumstances and perhaps above all else a good communicator. A leader must work with people to establish rapport and subsequently develop strategies for success.

Some people are born leaders whereas others need some tutelage, thus the journey toward leadership may begin in the schools, where teachers have the ability to cultivate young leaders and help them flourish for a time when they will later step out into the world to lead. It does not end there however, and must continue throughout the lifetime of the leader, as a successful leader is…

References

Chemers, Martin M. An integrative theory of leadership. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence

Erlbaum Associates, 1997.

Conger, J.A., & Kanungo, R.N. (1998). Charismatic leadership in organizations.

Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Hence, a more corporate attitude is being embraced by pro-vice-chancellors, but the salient question in this article is this: will a university be better off with corporate-style, bureaucratic leadership, or with leadership that pursues academic excellence and a pure mission of educating students?

Wang, Yong, and Poutziouris, Panikkos. (2010). Leadership Styles, Management Systems and Growth: Empirical Evidence from UK Owner-Managed SMEs. Journal of Enterprising

Culture, 18(3), 331-354. Doi: 10.1142/So21849581000604.

What these authors bring to light in this article is that a higher rate of sales and growth for medium sized businesses can be realized when run by an owner that also manages the business. This survey of 5,710 respondents in the UK further pointed to the fact that when the owner-manager delegates authority, the operation is more professional and successful.

Webb, Kerry S. (2009). Creating Satisfied Employees in Christian Higher Education: Research

on Leadership Competencies. Christian Higher Education, 8(1), 18-31.…

Zembylas, Michalinos, and Iasonos, Sotiroula. (2010). Leadership styles and multicultural education approaches: an exploration of their relationship. Leadership in Education,

13(2), 163-0183, doi: 10.1080/13603120903386969.

In this article the authors surveyed 17 principals in multicultural schools in Cyprus in order to find out what leadership styles worked best. The issue is relevant because immigration means new challenges for education leaders. About half of the 17 principals embraced a transactional leadership and "conservative multiculturalism" although another group adopted a style more in tune with what the authors call "critical multiculturalism embedded in critical and social justice leadership."

Leadership

Response to Post #1

Your post raises an extremely important point about contemporary business management in relation to staffing and the integrated approach to all human resource management operations and functions. In the past, business organizations typically conceived of recruitment, hiring, training, career development, and employee retention as separate functions. Today, the trend is to fully integrate all of those functions within the framework of human resource management.

There are very good reasons for this because employee turnover is extremely costly when the costs of replacement, retraining, and lost productivity are considered. Generally, employees who leave their organizations after relatively brief periods of employment are less productive during much of their tenure than their counterparts who remain with their companies. Productivity is also lost throughout the period of recruiting, hiring, and training their replacements. Today, the trend is to minimize employee turnover by identifying prospective candidates for employment who…

Leadership Oforganizational Change

Leadership Change

One of the most well documented efforts towards change in the United States is the transition from the original 13 colonies to the current inception of the United States of America. What is highly significant about this effort towards transformation is the fact that it adhered to a number of principles delineated in Hickman obinson's text, Leading Changes in Multiple Contexts. In fact, this particular example is preeminent among others for the simple fact that it is simultaneously demonstrative of the five contextual influences on leading change: organizational, community, political, social and global. Although formal leadership of this effort would not fully emerge until the transformation was complete and George Washington was appointed President, his involvement with the other Founding Fathers in the First and Second Continental Congresses and the efforts of other revolutionary groups such as the Sons of Liberty provided the essential leadership…

References

Hickman, G.R. (2010). Leading Change in Multiple Contexts. Boulder: Sage Publishing.

Leadership Theories

There are a number of theories of leadership that can be applied to my own personal development plan in counselling. I first look to servant leadership as a unique approach to leadership, wherein it is emphasized that the effect leader is one who facilitates greatness in others. The concept of servant leadership was developed by obert Greenleaf in the 1970s, and emphasizes the leader doing whatever is needed in order to ensure that everybody else can be at his or her absolute best (Greenleaf, 1977). Servant leaders are always the ones who are searching, listening and watching, so that they can learn about their organizations, the environment in which their organizations exist, and the people within their organizations. The servant leader then can make a determination about what is needed for the organization to thrive in that environment, but recognizes that one leader cannot succeed on his or…

References

Alper, S., Schloss, P. & Schloss, C. (1995). Families of children with disabilities in elementary and middle school: Advocacy models and strategies. Exceptional Children Vol. 62 (3) 261-270.

Barling, J., Slater, F. & Kelloway, E. (2000). Transformational leadership and emotional intelligence: An exploratory study. Leadership & Organization Development Journal. Vol. 21 (3) 157-161.

Boyle, C., Beardsley, R. & Hayes, M. (2004). Effective leadership and advocacy: Amplifying professional citizenship. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education. Vol. 68 (3) 1-5.

Fielder, C. (2000). Making a difference: Advocacy competencies for special education professionals. Allyn & Bacon: Needham Heights, MA

Leadership Skills

Reference list:

1. Tasler, N. (2010). Five Secrets of Charismatic leadership. BusinessWeek. Retrieved March 20, 2012 from  http://www.businessweek.com/managing/content/nov2010/ca2010112_608471.htm .

2. Maxwell, J. (2008). Charismatic Leadership. Retrieved March 20, 2012 from http://www.refresher.com/mindfulnetwork/articlelive/articles/82/1/Charismatic-Leadership/Page1.html.

leadership has been in existence since ancient times with various contributions on this phenomena having been cumulative. egardless of these cumulative contributions, there are still more significant concerns and deficiencies in the existing knowledge on leadership. Examples of these deficiencies is that many studies have ignored the type of organization and culture with which leaders function, services provided by the leader's organization, and the relationships between leaders and their superiors. On the contrary, these studies on leadership mainly focus on the relationship between leaders and their direct followers.

Leadership and Management:

Leadership is described as the creation of a vision or direction for a group of people to follow making a leader to be the head of new direction or vision. Leadership and management are terms that have continued to be used interchangeably though they are very different. These two concepts are necessarily connected and complementary with attempts to separate…

References:

Carless, S.A., Wearing, A.J. & Mann, L. (2000). A Short Measure of Transformational

Leadership. Journal of Business and Psychology, 14(3), 389-405.

House, R.J. & Aditya, R.N. (1997). The Social Scientific Study of Leadership: Quo Vadis?

Journal of Management, 23(3), 409-473.

In contrast, a "selling and coaching" (S2) approach is demanded when the leader knows the follower may be uncertain about how to perform the task, but the subordinate has a high level of commitment, as in the case of an intern or a new hire. S2 is a motivational or mentoring approach. The employee craves direction, but will be motivated more by personality and praise than 'carrots and sticks' versus the S1 situation (Straker 2004).

A "participating/supporting" leadership situation (S3) is when the leader knows that the employees can complete the task but the manager wants more of an emotional investment or a higher level of excellence. An example of this approach might be a manager of a fast food establishment with a teenage, low-skilled workforce. The employees can do the job, but needs more motivation to perform at a high level rather than task-specific direction. Finally, an (S4) situation…

References

Avolio, B.J., & Yammarino, F.J. (2002). Transformational and charismatic leadership: The road ahead. San Diego, CA: Emerald.

DISC. (2010). Retrieved July 1, 2010 at  http://www.discprofile.com/ 

Homrig, Mark a. (2001, December 21).Transformational leadership. Retrieved July 1, 2010 at http://leadership.au.af.mil/documents/homrig.htm

Straker, David. (2004). Hersey and Blanchard's situational leadership theory. Changing Minds. Retrieved July 1, 2010 at  http://changingminds.org/disciplines/leadership/styles/situational_leadership_hersey_blanchard.htm

leaderships and two different kinds of practices that leaders may practice with followers.

The three different kinds of leadership are the following:

Deliberative -- where the leader deliberately guides and leads his followers

Participative -- where leader and followers participate in making decisions

Charismatic -- where the leader wins his followers over by virtue of his personality and radical decision-making style

The two different kinds of behavior and attitude that the leader may actuate to followers and that are discussed in this essay are:

reward and punishment that result in desired behavior

Boundary setting -- where the leader imposes perimeters for followers in order to achieve certain results.

Using material appended from other settings the essay concludes by telling us how we may become more effective leaders.

ummary of key facts of the Chapters

Chapter Five

This chapter discusses directive leadership. In this paradigm, the leader is in a purely…

Sources

Bartunek JM. 1993. The multiple cognitions and conflicts associated with second order organizational change. In Social Psychology in Organizations: Advances in Theory and Research, ed. JK Murnighan, pp. 322. 49. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall

Macy BA, Izumi H. 1993. Organizational change, design, and work innovation: a meta-analysis of 131 North American field studies.1961.1991. Res. Organ. Change Dev. 7:235.313

Crawford, Amy. "The Swamp Fox." Smithsonian.com. (http://www. smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/biography/fox.html)

Howell JP & Costley DL (2008) UNDERSTANDING BEHAVIORS FOR EFFECTIVE

leadership capability relation accepted model leadership management. Part 1. 'Situational leadership redundant a task .' As a future leader teams, present arguments statement.

Situational leadership

The internal environment within economic agents is suffering dramatic changes within the modern day society and this is the result of numerous pressures from the internal and external environments, such as technology, competition or increasing demands from the various categories of stakeholders. In such a setting, the role of the leaders and managers gradually increases, as these come to portray the link between executives and employees, and they are more essential in ensuring that the firms attain their overall objectives.

As the role of leaders and managers increases, the emphasis placed on the formation of the leaders and managers must also increase. In such a setting then, the current project sets out to discuss the situational leadership model through the lenses of its applicability within…

References:

Haydon, G., 2007, Values for educational leadership, SAGE

Humphreys, J., Zhao, D., Ingram, K., Gladstone, J., Basham, L., 2010, Situational narcissism and charismatic leadership: a conceptual framework, Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management, Vol. 11, No. 2

Ireh, M., Bailey, J., 1999, A study of superintendent's change leadership styles using the situational leadership model, American Secondary Education, Vol. 27, No. 4

2012, Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English Online,  http://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/feedback  last accessed on May 22, 2012

Martin Luther King Junior -- the Leader

Martin Luther King Junior was born to a Baptist minister in the year 1929 in the city of Atlanta, Georgia. In Howard Gardner's book, Leading Minds, King referred to his childhood and explained that the first twenty-5 years of his existence were very comfortable years. He was not bothered about much except going to school and doing the work he was asked to do (Gardner, 1995). He was raised in the father's actions and also got his bachelor of divinity in 1951 and the doctoral in 1955. Gardner highlights that while King's personal philosophy hadn't coalesced, he was thinking about the bond between an individual's relationship to God and their resolve for social activism on the planet. He seemed to be trying to reconcile his personal encounters as part of the standard, psychologically suffused black chapel with rather abstruse concerns of latest Protestant…

References

Charismatic Leadership. (2007). Retrieved on September 15, 2012 from:  http://changingminds.org/disciplines/leadership/styles/charismatic_Ieadership.htm 

Gardner, Howard. Leading Minds. 1995. New York. Basic Books.

Jackson, Thomas F. (2006). From Civil Rights to Human Rights: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Struggle for Economic Justice. University of Pennsylvania Press.

Kirk, John A. (2005). Martin Luther King, Jr. Pearson Longman

Leadership Training and Its elationship to Communication Skills, Self-Esteem, and Problem Solving Skills among Youth

Transformational leadership remains a critical phenomenon as described through behavioral components such as inspirational motivation, idealized influence, individualized consideration, and intellectual stimulation. Idealized influence is the first element and is reflected based on the conceptualization by transformational leaders who behave in a manner that allows them appear as role models among their followers. Such individuals are respected, trusted, and admired (Olive, Gottfried, Guerin, Gottfried & eichard, 2011). Followers relate with the leaders with the aim of emulating them.

Children's attachment style is normally attributed to parental factors or parenting style. Attachment styles are well formed at early ages even though they are predictive of outcomes for future leadership. Early life shows that bonds developed by infants with caregivers vary between from an insecure to secure attachment styles. The relationship identifies diverse infant attachment styles which…

References

Day, D.V. (2011) Integrative perspectives on longitudinal investigations of leader development: From childhood through adulthood. The Leadership Quarterly 22-561 -- 571.

Gottfried, A.E., Gottfried, A.W., Reichard, R.J., Guerin, D.W., Oliver, P.H., & Riggio, R.E. (2011). Motivational roots of leadership: A longitudinal study from childhood through adulthood. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(3), 510 -- 519.

Mortensen, J., Lichty, L., Foster-Fishman, P., & Warsinske, K. (2014). Leadership through a Youth Lens: Understanding Youth Conceptualizations of Leadership. Journal of Community Psychology, Vol. 42, No. 4, 447 -- 462

Murphy, S.E., & Johnson, S.K. (2011) The benefits of a long-lens approach to leader development: Understanding the seeds of leadership. The Leadership Quarterly 22. 459 -- 470.

Furthermore, there are a number of similarities and overlaps between such leadership theories that do not prevent their being characterized as transformational in nature. For example, "Most leaders behave in both transactional and transformational ways in different intensities and amounts; this is not an entirely either-or differentiation" (Miner, 2002 p. 743).

One of the more interesting issues to emerge from the research is the need for transformational leaders to teach what they know to others. Certainly, it would be reasonable to assume that most leaders got where they are by virtue of some innate skill or ability within an organization, and while it would likely be easier - and faster -- for them to simply do some things themselves, teaching others how to become effective leaders in their own right is a fundamental responsibility and effective leaders and serves to differentiate a truly transformational leader from others leadership styles: "True…

Bibliography

Apple. (2007). Yahoo! Business. [Online]. Available:  http://finance.yahoo.com/q/pr?s=AAPL 

Avolio, B.J., & Bass, B.M. (2002). Developing potential across a full range of leadership: Cases on transactional and transformational leadership. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Bass, B.M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York: Free Press.

Transformational leadership: Industrial, military, and educational impact. (1998). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Emotional Intelligence

I actually have an issue with the idea of "empowering followers to take a more active role in leadership." The entire point is that people do not exist in a dichotomous world of leaders vs. followers, but instead live a world governed by complex relationships. Organizations' find leadership throughout, even when the leadership relationship is not formalized. This is first year leadership stuff -- there are many types of leadership - formal leadership, referential leadership, expert leadership, charismatic leadership and more. These different types of leadership exist throughout the organization so it is not a matter of "followers" taking a leadership role, it is a matter of recognizing that the company is full of leaders.

Ogawa and Bossert (1995) note that "leadership flows through the networks of roles that comprise organizations," so there are opportunities for leadership to emerge at any number of points within the organization. This…

References

Ahearne, M., Mathieu, J. & Rapp, A. (2005). To empower or not to empower your sales force? Journal of Applied Psychology. Vol. 90 (5) 945-955.

Avolio, B., Zhu, W., Koh, W. & Bhatia, P. (2004). Transformational leadership and organizational commitment: Mediating role of psychological empowerment and moderating role of structure distance. Journal of Organizational Behavior. Vol. 25 (2004) 951-968.

DiLiello, T., Houghton, J. (2006). Maximizing organizational leadership capacity for the future: Toward a model of self-leadership, innovation and creativity. Journal of Managerial Psychology. Vol. 21 (4) 319-337

Ogawa, R. & Bossert, S. (1995). Leadership as an organizational quality. Educational Administration Quarterly. Vol. 31 (2) 224-243.

Malcolm X and Leadership

The Leadership Styles of Malcolm X

Malcolm X was a natural born leader, according to Manning Marable in his biography Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention (2011:33). What made him so was his incessant drive and ability to command others through repetition of "pet themes" as well as his ability to speak rapidly and overtop others (Marable 2011:33). In his early days before his conversion to Islam, Malcolm X demonstrated a remarkable effectiveness as a "leader of the pack" of assorted hoodlum with whom he fraternized. In this sense, contingency theory best applies to this stage of Malcolm's life, because given Malcolm's social context at the time, his style of leadership -- assertive, combative, and harping -- fit the situation and the type of people with whom he operated: people who respected only muscle and might, of which Malcolm had the intellectual and willful kind. In…

Bibliography

Avolio, B.J., Walumbwa, F.O., & Weber, T.J. (2009). Leadership: Current theories, research, and future directions. Annual Review Psychology, 60 421-449.

Conger, Jay A. (1989). Leadership: The art of empowering others. Academy of Management Executive, 3 (1) 17- 25.

Conger, J.A. (1999). Charismatic and transformational leadership in organizations

Charismatic politicalleadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 10 (2) 145-179.

Different leaders espouse differing styles of leadership. The managers in various organizations benefit from diverse approaches comprising transformational leadership, transactional leadership, enigmatic leadership, dictatorial leadership or visionary leadership (Esfahani and Soflu, 2011). In the contemporary, there is increased consideration regarding the role that quality relationships play in the workplace and how they can profit the organization. Emotional intelligence is delineated as the subsection of social intelligence that takes into account the capability of an individual to monitor his or her own feelings and emotions as well as those of others, to distinguish amidst them and to utilize this information for guiding the individual's thoughts and actions (Hunt and Fitzgerald, 2013). In other words, emotional intelligence is the power of rational, coherent response and comprehending a sequence of emotions and belief that the managers with high social intelligence, through the assistance of ideal self-assurance and inherent control center have high capability…

leadership and change management are very crucial factors in the determination of an organization's success. One of the main causes of organization failure is poor leadership. This coupled with the lack of appropriate change management program can quickly send an otherwise profitable business venture into the dreaded domains of bankruptcy and losses. This paper is therefore dedicated to the investigation of the effects of leadership and change management on organizational culture and organizational performance in the case of corporations undergoing mergers and acquisitions The role played by an organization leader is to align the organization's resources, envisioning of the future of the organizations and the motivation of the employees in the firm in order to achieve better results in terms of performance and profitability. A viable leadership strategy must therefore be devised and coupled with an effective change management strategy in order to ensure that businesses remain profitable in this…

Bibliography

Carnegie Bosch Institute (2010) Leadership and Change Management in a Multicultural Context

http://cbi.tepper.cmu.edu/brochures/CBI_MulticulturalMgmt_web.pdf

Chatterjee, S., Lubatkin, M., Schweiger, D. And Weber, Y. (1992). Cultural Differences and Shareholder Value in Related Mergers: Linking Equity and Human Capital, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 13, 319-334

Covin, T., Kolenko, T., Sightler, K. And Tudor, R. (1997). Leadership style and post-merger satisfaction, Journal of Management Development, Vol 16, No.1, 22-33

Leadership / Leadership: What? So What? Now What?

Wart (2014) defines leadership as the ability to instill in others the drive to pursue a collective vision so that the pursuit of this vision is a joint effort that leads to joint success. Influencing others in this way can be in terms of social influence. It does not use power which can be viewed as autocratic. It inspires to even those who do not directly report to the leader to accomplish much. olfe's model of reflection will be adopted in this essay and its attributes which include, what, so what and now what will be explored (olfe, et al. 2001).

What?

Leadership as a concept and as a practice has many theories that seek to explain it. Each of these highlight specific attributes. Understanding these attributes is key to attaining goals. Some of these theories are highlighted below as they relate…

References

Bass, B.M., & Avolio, B.J. 1994, Improving Organizational Effectiveness through Transformational Leadership. USA: SAGE Publications.

Bass, B.M., & Riggio, R.E. 2006, Transformational Leadership. USA: Psychology Press.

Brayman A. 1992, Charisma and Leadership in Organizations. London: Sage.

Chemers, M. 2014, An Integrative Theory of Leadership. New York: Psychology Press.

Leadership and Teams

Leadership theories

Even in the absence of any practical examples highlighting the relationship between leadership and resilience, authors have managed to fill in the gap by a number of well-thought theories. In this matter, Luthans and Avolio (2003: 256) and Sutcliffe and Vogus (2003) are all in the same boat. Luthans and Avolio (2003: 256) have explicitly linked leadership to resilience, stating that the essence of authentic leadership development is to enhance flexibility and resilience amongst employees. Along with this, they also highlighted the fact that the relationship of leadership and resilience has not received the attention and level of interest that it is worthy of. Similarly, Sutcliffe and Vogus (2003) have advocated the effect of leadership by stating that resilience improves the effectiveness of organization as a whole. They are also of the view that the link has been neglected by authors and if exploited more,…

References

Bass, B. 1990. Handbook of Leadership, 3rd Ed. New York, NY: Free Press.

Bass, B. 1998. Transformational Leadership: Industrial, Military, and Educational Impact. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

Bass, B., & Avolio, B. 2000. Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire: Sampler Set, 2nd Ed. Redwood City, CA: Mind Garden.

Luthans, F., & Avolio, B. (2003). Authentic leadership development. In K.S. Cameron, J.E. Dutton, & R.E. Quinn (Eds.), Positive Organizational Scholarship: Foundations of a New Discipline: 241-258. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler.

Leadership Discussion

Leadership is everyone's business it is for women, men and even children. We therefore need leadership now in everything that we do be it in our homes, organizations we work in, in church and many more Ares (Leadership Now, 2014). This means that understanding leadership is a vital thing for everyone. Many treatments of leadership have their focus on high-impact leaders but fascinating as these people are they operate in unique environments that most people will never see .the limitation about getting our leadership principle from carrying out studies on the group of the elite is that they are not so many and each and every one of them is in an extremely different situation. Therefore studies on leadership mainly focus on middle and lower level leaders in organizations (American Psychological Association, pg. 474).This paper will look at two different modern leadership approaches with examples of where they…

References

American Psychological Association (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological

Association. ISBN: 1-4338-0561-5

Leadership Now.(2014). Leadership Now; Building A community Leader. Retrieved March 29,2014 from  http://www.leadershipnow.com/

Leadership style sued by Bill Gates
Having left his classroom studies at high school level, Bill Gates went on to form and lead one of the most successful computer manufacturing business of all times at the global level, the Microsoft. This would not be possible without vision, focus, passion and above all good leadership style that Gates exhibits among his employees. Bill gates has been known to display a mix of three major leadership styles, the autocratic style of leadership, participatory leadership and laissez faire leadership style.
Bill gates is known to be a leader who makes decisions on critical matters with little consultation or with very little consultation among the top leadership, the autocratic leadership style. This has been leadership style that comes out due to his character traits of being intelligent, skillful, determined and a person of high integrity. He known to be less social especially at the…

Leadership in Context

Carleton Fiorina, who is commonly known as the Carly Fiorina, was one of the most powerful businesswomen in America in the year 2000 as she was employed as the Chief Executive Officer of Hewlett-Packard, a technology giant. As a result of being hired by this technological giant, Fiorina became the first woman to lead a Dow 30 company in the United States. She had a tremendous career in leadership as she rose rapidly through the ranks at AT&T and Lucent Technologies before joining Hewlett-Packard (HP). However, Fiorina's helm at HP came to an abrupt end in 2005 when she and other members of the firm's board were fired for their failure as moral persons and moral managers. This situation provides a good case study of leadership in context with regards to elements of leadership, application of leadership theories, and probable reasons for leadership failure.

Elements of Leadership…

References

Johnson, C 2008, 'The Rise and Fall of Carly Fiorina -- An Ethical Case Study', Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, vol. 15, no. 2, pp.188-196.

Management Study Guide n.d., Transactional Leadership Theory, Management Study Guide,

viewed 10 November 2015,

Mulcahy, DJ 2005, 'The Importance of Leadership', Bridgewater Review, vol.24, no. 1, pp.7-10.

Leadership and the ole of Sex and Gender

Previous studies have revealed that gender roles and gender may both be predictors of the emergence of leadership. This paper will examine the impact of the above variables, using role congruity and expectation states theories. With respect to gender, males will most likely emerge as the leaders in case of gender-neutral and masculine tasks, while females more likely dominate the domain of feminine tasks. The process may be explained in terms of performance expectations the society has for females and males with regard to specific tasks. In the gender role context, androgynous and masculine personalities will most probably come forward in the leadership role across a range of tasks. This arises out of congruence between androgynous and masculine gender roles, as well as the stereotypical example of the leadership role. It appears that (in western societies, at least), model leaders remain stereotyped…

References

Catalyst, (2016). Women CEOs of the S&P 500. New York. Retrieved from  http://www.catalyst.org/knowledge/women-ceos-sp-500  on 19 May 2016

Dawson, M., Burrell, D. N., & Rahim, E. (2010). Deep Dive into Understanding the Theory of Military Organization, Military Leadership, Skill Transfer, Aspects of Program Management, and Decision Support Systems. International Handbook of Academic Research and Teaching, 33.

KENT, R. & MOSS, S.E. (1994). EFFECTS OF SEX AND GENDER ROLE ON LEADER EMERGENCE. Academy of Management Journal, 37(5), 1335-1346.

Laurence, J. H. (2011). Military Leadership and the Complexity of Combat and Culture. Military Psychology, 23, 489-501. doi:10.1080/08995605.2011.600143

Leadership Skills

According to Lance Secretan during the Industry Week on 12 October 1998, "There is more to leadership than methods and techniques-it is more about having an open mind and a good heart. Leadership is all about inspiration -- of yourself and every other person. Effective leadership is concerned with human experiences, not human processes. Leadership is neither a program nor a formula, it is more of a human action that originates from the heart and puts other people's hearts and feelings into consideration. It is more of an attitude than a routine" (Secretan, 1998).

Every leader in the public safety sector requires a very strong guiding force -- you can either call it a moral purpose or a vision, but it should always act as a compass that chooses the appropriate path of all aspects of leadership whether managerial or instructional in nature. Such a leader also requires…

References

Eastern Kentucky University. (n.d.). Eight Skills of a Successful Public Safety Leader. Retrieved from  http://safetymanagement.eku.edu/resources/articles/eight-skills-of-a-successful-public-safety-leader/ 

Fullan, M. (2002). Leading in a Culture of Change .Retrieved from  http://www.csus.edu/indiv/j/jelinekd/edte%20227/fullanleadinginacultureofchange.pdf 

Horsager, D. (2012, Oct). You Can't Be a Great Leader Without Trust. Here's How You Build It. Retrieved from  http://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesleadershipforum/2012/10/24/you-cant-be-a-great-leader-without-trust-heres-how-you-build-it/#112803707a48 

Secretan, L. (1998, October). Leading Thoughts. Retrieved from LeadershipNow:  http://www.leadershipnow.com/ leadershipquotes2.html

Leadership is a complex process involving the ability of an individual to inspire, motivate and redirect ways of thinking. It refers to the ability to bring out the best in oneself and others. In any set up, there must be rules and regulations to guide the relationships between people and activities. In a set up like an organization, there are goals and objectives that the organization aims to achieve. These objectives and targets rely on the ability of a leader to organize and direct activities towards their attainment. Leadership is the ability of one individual to stir the sentiments and behaviors of others towards the achievement of the set goals. The leader does this by transforming the goals to be a common goal to others.

Methods used by leaders to influence group members

Leaders can use power to get things done. How a leader uses these powers determines the success…

References

Gitlow, L.A. Being the boss: The importance of leadership and power. Washington D.C: Beard

book, 2004. Print.

Hellriegel, D & Slocum, W.J. Organizational behavior. Mason U.S.A: Cengage learning, 2009.

Print.

Leadership Self-Assessment Analysis

In the wake of the corporal scandals of Enron and the Arthur Anderson Company, there have been increased calls for strong ethical leadership. Leadership had always been regarded as a key factor in ensuring the effectiveness of any organization. However, new models are also being developed to challenge the limitations of the prevailing classical theories of leadership.

This paper argues for a tempered approach, one that combines effective leadership with good management. Both factors are important, since over-managed and under-led organizations tend to lose sight of their goals. By the same token, while charismatic leaders can lead their organizations to high levels of success, the lack of management skills means that such victories do not last in the long run.

The growing awareness of corporate and white-collar crime has likewise presented new challenges to the classical leadership model. Organization leaders should now be wary of lawsuits the…

References

Bolman, Lee G. And Deal, Terrence E. 1997. Reframing Organizations: Artistry, Choice and Leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2nd ed.

Northouse, Peter G. 1997. Leadership: Theory and Practice. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publishing.

Leadership

Sustainability in Leadership

Current global occurrences have posed a great challenge to the continued existence of living things on earth. At this stage in the history of man, humanity is struggling with a lot of challenges; and these challenges are not restricted to region or race. Problems associated with climate change, increased rate of poverty, inconsistent democracy, and lack of justice and fairness in society are common to all nations. At this critical moment, there becomes a vacuum to be filled with urgency by leaders whose sole desire and purpose is to salvage the earth from total destruction. The world needs leaders who possess strategies to effectively combat these challenges and lead their followers into lifestyles that are self-sustaining. Leaders who could bring about this much needed sustainability to our environments are regarded as Sustainability Leaders.

Purpose of Sustainable Development in Modern Leadership

Leadership in the traditional setting is,…

References

Banuri, T. & Najam, A. (2002). Civic Entrepreneurship: A Civil Society Perspective on Sustainable Development (Vol. 1: Global Synthesis). Boston, MA: Stockholm Environment Institute -- Boston Center.

Bennis, W. & Goldsmith, J. (2003). Learning to Lead: A Workbook On Becoming a Leader. 3rd ed. New York: Basic Books.

Brown, D. (2000). What Practical Difference Would the Adoption of the Earth Charter Mean to the Resolution of Global Warming Issues? P. Miller & L. Westra (Eds.), Just Ecological Integrity: The Ethics of Maintaining Planetary Life (pp. 205-214). New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.

Boutros-Ghali, B. (1998). Leadership and Conflict. In Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict (Ed.), Essays on Leadership (pp. 1-6). New York: Carnegie Corporation.

Self-confidence is one of the most universally agreed-upon traits of a leader. In order for the organization as a whole to have confidence, the leader must exude confidence. There will be moments in any initiative the followers cannot see the benefits of the initiative or do not feel that they will be able to execute the initiative. It takes the confidence of the leader in order to enable the rest of the organization to believe in the initiative.

Locke's knowledge, skills and ability form the second of the four key to leadership. These are relatively self-evident, but they are still important aspects of genuine leadership. Knowledge of the industry, for example, is built up over the course of years. This knowledge allows the leader to make the right decisions and forge the right strategies. In addition, the leader will also have more ability to instill confidence in their followers if…

Works Cited:

Locke, E. (1991). The Essence of leadership: The four keys to leading successfully. New York: Lexington- Macmillan.

Website of Edwin A. Locke, Ph.D., various pages. (2009). Retrieved December 3, 2009 from  http://www.edwinlocke.com/

Leadership

For any project, the first step is to inspire people to want to work on the project. There are few more powerful motivators than inspiration. Inspiration breeds creativity, innovation, hard work, determination and other attributes that comprise the more functional elements of leadership. There are a number of different leadership styles, but the most important for getting a grand new project off the ground and building a committed team is inspirational leadership. Inspiration is the process by which the performance in people can be inspired, rather than coerced or motivated (Seidman, 2009). It is believed that inspirational leadership is the most powerful means of getting people into action.

Beyond leadership style, the plan need to be detailed, including areas of concern that may require back-up plans. Planning is essential -- the role of inspiration is to ensure that the people working on the plan give their best effort, and…

Works Cited:

ChangingMinds.org. (2011). Servant leadership. ChangingMinds.org. Retrieved May 6, 2011 from  http://changingminds.org/disciplines/leadership/styles/servant_leadership.htm 

Cherry, K. (2011). Transformational leadership. About.com. Retrieved May 6, 2011 from  http://psychology.about.com/od/leadership/a/transformational.htm 

Greenleaf, R. (1970). What is servant leadership? Greenleaf Center for Servant Leadership. Retrieved May 6, 2011 from  http://www.greenleaf.org/whatissl/ index.html

Seidman, D. (2009). The importance of inspirational leadership. Fast Company. Retrieved May 6, 2011 from  http://www.fastcompany.com/blog/dov-seidman/how-why-how-we-do-anything-means-everything/importance-inspirational-leadership

Leadership Research

Models of leadership and management

Comparison and contrast of leadership models

Application of leadership model: Case of Mark Zuckerberg

Table 1- Leadership Table

Leadership Research

Leadership in public and private sector businesses is important for the growth of these businesses. Of late, many researchers have thoroughly investigated the role leadership in promoting businesses. Researchers have also tried to explore the common characteristics of global business leaders that have led their businesses to successful heights. Different models of effective leadership in corporations have also been drafted. One major aspect of leaders being explored in their ability to inspire people surrounding them and use this inspiration to achieve results that could be achieved without having complete trust of followers. While followers might be hard to make for a leader, and yet harder to retain, few researchers have put forth consolidated models of inspirational leaders that effectively make and retain followers.…

Bibliography

Brio, M.M. (2013). Think like Zuck: How Leadership diversity Sparks Innovation. Forbes Magazine. Retrieved from: [ http://www.forbes.com/sites/meghanbiro/2013/01/27/think-like-zuck-how-leadership-diversity-sparks-innovation/ ]

Forbes. (2013). The World's Billionaires: Mark Zuckerberg. Forbes Magazine. Retrieved from: [ http://www.forbes.com/profile/mark-zuckerberg/ ]

Drucker, P.F. (2004). What makes an effective executive? Harvard Business Review, 58-63.

Goffee, R., & Jones, G. (2001). Why Should Anyone Be Led by You? IEEE Engineering Management Review, 29(1), 94-100.

Leadership

Exercise 3-3

This week, maybe not my most charismatic week to be honest. There are definitely times when I can turn on the charm and be very charismatic, but this week I don't think I've excelled in this regard. I think that I should pay attention to opportunities to be charismatic because this is a skill that can be developed. Since I know that I have it in me to be this way, I figure that I should probably cultivate this skill a little more, because that will help me to be a better leader.

I think back to a recent trip I took. I was able to get a free seat upgrade just by asking, and when I met people I was able to impress them right away, gain their confidence and talk business effectively. I got a lot out of that trip in that regard, just be…

Leadership is the ability of influencing individuals or groups for attainment of particular goals. It is the ability of managing interpersonal behaviour by motivating others. There are a number of approaches to leadership, but these can broadly be categorized as Behaviouristic theory, Traits theory, Charismatic theories of leadership and transformational leadership. For the purpose of this assignment, we have chosen transformational leadership approach.

Transformational Leadership

The process of transforming and changing individuals is termed as transformational leadership. In simple terms, transformational leadership can be defined as the ability to make people improve, change and led. Transformational leadership involves assessment of subordinates' needs, motives and giving them due value. Thus, it can be said that a leader having characteristics of transformational leader has the ability to increase the performance of company by giving due value to the employees/subordinates. (Hesselbein and Cohen 1999)

Transformational leadership has four factors which are commonly named…

References

Hesselbein, Frances, and Paul M. Cohen. (1999). Leader to Leader. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers.

Northouse, Peter G. (2001). Leadership Theory and Practice, second edition. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.

Leadership

Over the decades, much research has been devoted to studying leadership traits and the qualities of an effective leader. Some of the approaches to assessing leadership include personality theory, as well as the qualitative approach to leadership research.

In the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, (1988), D.K. Simonton used the personality basis of leadership research that looks at the effectiveness of a leader as a result of particular personality traits. For this study, Simonton carried out an archival analysis of the personalities and personal histories of thirty-nine American presidents, and related that to their perceived effectiveness as Heads of State. An analysis of eight-two separate personality characteristics were ultimately reduced to five general categories; "The interpersonal, charismatic, deliberative, creative, and neurotic styles." (Simonton, 1988).

Simonton makes the point that research into leadership is frequently concerned with the question of whether a great leader is born, or becomes a…

Bibliography

Bryman, A., Stephens, M., & Campo, C. (1996). The importance of context:

Qualitative research and the study of leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 7(3),

Simonton, D.K. (1988). Presidential style: Personality, biography and performance.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55(6), 928-936.

This theory also suits me well as I believe that the greater the effort and intensity, the higher the probabili8ty of attaining ones' objectives. There is also the element of continual learning, both at work and school to interpret and when applicable, use the lessons learned. Expectancy theory also is well-suited for accounting for environmental factors that can at times be uncontrollable yet capitalized on, leading to the attainment of objectives in the future. Finally, expectancy theory also concentrates on how the concepts of valence, or strength of a person's preference for a given outcome, when combined with instrumentality and expectancy, can accurately predict the attainment of objectives over time. The concept of linking effort and results is appealing.

6. What are the common characteristics of charismatic and transformational leadership? Compare Colin Powell and Osama bin Laden as charismatic or transformational leaders. Would your answer differ if you were sympathetic…

Undue pressure on others takes the stress off the leader and places it somewhere else. If that person cannot handle the stress, it only serves to make the leader look better and more in control of their own responsibilities. This "passing the buck" mentality is also the opposite of the teamwork type of management, and only serves the charismatic leader in the end. Finally, debasement may be the worst tactic, because it is so demoralizing to others. A charismatic leader always has to be in power and control, always at the top. To stay there, they often bully and debase their staff. It makes the leader feel better to themselves, and feel as if they are superior to those below them. It is the kind of management tactic that drives good staff to seek other positions, and it is detrimental to the company and the department. These four tactics are…