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Charismatic Leadership Dick Smith
Words: 1770 Length: 5 Pages Document Type: Case Study Paper #: 43785928Leadership of Dick Smith
Leadership has always been at the forefront of business studies; leaders are always (or should always be) concerned with how they can stimulate the best performance in the workforce in order to gain the best results and stability for their business. Among the various types of leadership, transformational leadership includes actions that are charismatic, visionary, and inspirational. These actions inspire followers to deliver not only their best, but to try and deliver beyond their best. Followers under such leadership are inspired so much that they do not only meet the expectations and demands of their duties, but perform beyond these (Qu, Janssen and Shi, 2015). Business success is often dependent upon leadership that can inspire workers to perform beyond what they consider to be their best work. As such, charisma is an important part of leadership. A charismatic leader offers an inspirational and energetic example of…… [Read More]
strong leaders has been an important aspect of organizational development since the beginning of time. Compelling leaders possess a number of personality traits and skills that require constant development, and it has been demonstrated that leaders who possess charismatic qualities are likely to gain respect and admiration over those that lack this characteristic. Within the structure of organizations, one of the primary requirements for fostering charisma is the development of a vision, defined as a mental image of an idealized future for an organization (Awamleh and Gardner 346). Once a vision has been established in a leader's mind, it can only be successful once it is expressed to all levels of the organization. Outstanding leaders are able to establish their goals and objectives for the organization in a charismatic fashion. The following discussion will provide an analysis of charisma and its role in leadership development and will provide some influential…… [Read More]
Charismatic Leadership by Ylva Sandberg and Christopher
Words: 576 Length: 2 Pages Document Type: Article Review Paper #: 31909053Charismatic Leadership
By Ylva Sandberg and Christopher M. Moreman
The two authors commence their article by assessing the role of charisma in efficient management, given specifically by the ability of charismatic leaders to motivate and influence their peers and subordinates. The literary challenge of charisma is represented by the assessment of its nature and the division of tools and mechanisms by which charisma can be created. Still, it would most often appear that charisma is an innate trait with which leaders are either born or not. In other words, it would be possible for a charismatic leader to improve and exploit his/her skills to better attain their objectives, but it would be more difficult for one with no innate charisma to develop it; still, charisma could be created in crisis situations.
The starting point in Sandberg and Moreman's article is represented by the belief that charisma supports the formation of…… [Read More]
Charismatic Leadership as Exemplified by Herb Kelleher
Words: 2851 Length: 10 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 63331087Leadership
The co-founder and former chief executive officer, president and chairman of Southwest Airlines, Herb Kelleher, has frequently been cited in the leadership literature as being an exemplar of charismatic leadership (Gibson & Blackwell, 1999). This paper provides an analysis of this leadership style drawing on charismatic leadership theory and some of the traits and behaviors of Kelleher that are characteristic of this type of leadership. A discussion concerning three personal long-term SMAT goals that the author is committed to that relate to the professional development plan is followed by a discussion concerning two personal short-term SMAT goals that are related to professional leadership development. In addition, a discussion concerning the knowledge, skills, and/or attitudes that are needed to achieve each of these five long- and short-term goals is followed by a discussion concerning two specific leadership strengths that the author brings to an organization. An explanation concerning how these…… [Read More]
Transformational and Charismatic Leadership a
Words: 683 Length: 2 Pages Document Type: Reaction Paper Paper #: 34962881Given the emergent challenges of the modern day society -- such as more and more pretensions customers, the incremental competition or the growing pressures towards environmental stability -- organizations are presented with the necessity of continually evolving and adapting to new requirements. Transformational leadership can support this dynamic organizational life by sustaining and promoting both creativity as well as innovation (Sarros, Cooper and Santora, 2008; Williams).
Transformational leadership is a relatively new concept and its implementation remains limited. Given this situation, combined with the scarcity of academic models detailing the gradual steps in the implementation of transformational leadership, a new theoretical need is identified. Some of the few sources which do integrate suggestions on the implementation of the managerial style include Stoerm Anderson and Ava Miller's Implementing transformational leadership as a model for service learning activities in an online N to BSN leadership course or ussell L. Ackoff's a systemic…… [Read More]
Charismatic Leadership of John F
Words: 1705 Length: 5 Pages Document Type: Thesis Paper #: 99014142Had the failure of the Cuban invasion not occurred, Kennedy would not have been able to appear so ascendant, and the positive reaction to his handling of the Cuban Missile Crisis might not have been as great in magnitude. Truly however, it was his social programs such as the Peace Corps and his focus on establishing peace with the Soviet Union that truly showed him to be the charismatic leader for which he is remembered today.
eferences
Freedom Doctrine Speech." (1961). WGBH Lectures. Accessed 21 January 2009. http://forum.wgbh.org/wgbh/forum.php?lecture_id=1164
John F. Kennedy." (2009) About the White House: Presidents. Accessed 21 January 2009. http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/johnfkennedy/
John Fitzgerald Kennedy." Spartacus Educational. Accessed 21 January 2009. http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAkennedyJ.htm
O'Brien, M. (2005) John F. Kennedy. New York: Macmillan. etrieved via Google Books 2 January 2009. http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=fxzd__gA_I4C&dq=john+f+kennedy&printsec=frontcover&source=web&ots=b090N20I3D&sig=vZHZ3U4jmj3sFVEx7CFDb7pE4s&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=9&ct=result#PPA494,M1
Parekh, N. (2005). "John F. Kennedy Biography." Accessed 21 January 2009. http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/1-23-2005-64647.asp
Charismatic JFK… [Read More]
Transformational vs Charismatic Leadership Leading
Words: 2008 Length: 8 Pages Document Type: Research Paper Paper #: 35625689Dangers linger in any relationship where one party holds power and the other party gives it. Any student of leadership, must recognize that tripwire, and assiduously avoid it through correctly recognizing the dangers that abuse of power can bring.
orks Cited
Bass, B., Atwater, L., & Avolio, B. (2008). The Transformational and Transactional Leadership of Men and omen. Applied Psychology, 5-34.
Beverly Alimo-MetcalfAlban-Metcalfe, J., Bradley, M., Mariathasan, J., & Samele, C. (2008). The impact of engaging leadership on performance, attitudes to work and well-being at work: A longitudinal study. Journal of Health Organisation and Management, 586-598.
Beyer, J. (1999). Taming and promoting charisma to change organizations. The Leadership Quarterly, 307-330.
Bolman, L., & Deal, T. (1991). Reframing Organizations. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Pedler, M., Burgoyne, J., & Boydell, T. (1944). A Manager's Guide To Self-Development 4th ed. London: McGraw-Hill.
Ulrich, D., Zenger, J., Smallwood, N., & . (1953; CR 1999). Results-Based…… [Read More]
Leadership
The concept of the charismatic leader captivates those who study leadership. In part, the appeal of the charismatic leader is that charisma is inherently difficult to identify, quantify and measure. We simply know it when we see it. Each leader has his or her own personal charisma, which affects his or her ability to guide and motivate the actions of others. Those with strong personalities may perhaps be better at motivating, and the result is stronger action. The charismatic leader, as noted, is also someone who can move the organization beyond the status quo. This hints that part of charisma is having vision, at least when combined with the ability to execute that vision. This paper will explore the idea of the charismatic leader.
Defining charismatic leadership
As Yukl notes, the idea of leadership itself is inherently lacking in precise definition, which creates problems for the study of leadership,…… [Read More]
Leadership Path Goal Theory the Boy Scouts
Words: 2436 Length: 8 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 16812245Leadership Path Goal Theory
The Boy Scouts" using the "path- goal theory
Leadership theories
Path Goal Theory
Explain how the theory works and include an example
Explain the effect of power and influence that leaders have on followers in the organization
Are the followers receptive?
Would you recommend another strategy?
Transformational Leadership
Transactional Leadership
Evaluate the role of transformational and transformational leadership in the organization
Effectiveness of transformational and transactional leadership in the organization
Examples
Assess the traits and characteristics of an effective team leader within the organization
Explain how the leadership supports vision, mission, and strategy in the organization
If you were the leader in the organization, what would you change and why?
Conclusion
eferences
Introduction:
The leadership theories are different in their relevance and approach, however, the importance of effective leadership cannot be undermined in operations of a successful organization. The boy scouts and other military organizations also…… [Read More]
Leadership Style What Do People Do When
Words: 1664 Length: 5 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 5314650Leadership Style: What Do People Do When they are Leading?
Hewlett Packard (HP) remains one of the most successful computer and related services company in the Diversified Computer Systems industry. In this text, I concern myself with the leadership style of Meg Whitman -- the CEO of HP. In so doing, I will amongst other things analyze how her leadership style aligns with the company's culture. I will also examine Whitman's strengths, weaknesses as well as personal and organizational values.
Born in 1956, Whitman has over the years earned herself an enviable reputation as an efficient and brilliant corporate executive keen on making a mark in a corporate environment dominated by men. Having cut her teeth at Hasbro, Stride ite, Disney, and most notably eBay where served as CEO for a decade, Whitman rose to become the head of HP. She has also in the past tried her hand in…… [Read More]
Leadership Plans for Upcoming Academic Year Over
Words: 743 Length: 3 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 71422796Leadership Plans for Upcoming Academic Year
Over the course of the upcoming academic year, I hope to pursue opportunities that will ground my academic work in educational experiences outside of the classroom. I will become part of an undergraduate research program that will enable me to marry my real-life work in the world with what I have learned about marketing theory in school. I also will join more activities that will enable me to connect with other students of similar interests and aptitudes. One difficulty with working full-time and pursuing an undergraduate degree is that time is often scarce; obtaining a scholarship would free up more of my time to delve deeper into extracurricular activities. I have come to realize how the opportunities afforded to me to network with my peers and future employers are essential. I seek new opportunities to lead and to learn from other student and professional…… [Read More]
Leadership Comparing Characteristics of Leaders and Managers
Words: 1450 Length: 5 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 98627222Leadership
Comparing Characteristics of Leaders and Managers
The term leader and manager is often used in an interchangeable manner and it is likely that at some point most leaders have undertaken a management role. However, when looking at leaders and managers there are some distinct differences. These can be considered in terms of their characteristics and the way these characteristics manifest. A common theme in much literature is the way in which leaders may be identified as they have followers and inspire others
This refers to the concept of leaders having charisma. In this context there are many examples of leaders both good and bad. Leaders which fit in with this context include, John F. Kennedy former U.S. President, Nelson Mandela the South African leader, Richard Branson founder of the Virgin empire and Howard Schultz the CEO and inspiration behind Starbucks. These are all examples of charismatic leaders
. They…… [Read More]
Charismatic and Transformative Leadership the
Words: 1605 Length: 5 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 68006825He has also had to grapple with a dangerous world, including escalating tensions in the Middle East. These challenges have forced him to deviate from the inspiring, common touch of the rhetoric of the campaign.
However, some of the perceived shift in tone in Obama's leadership seems less due to circumstances and more due to greater knowledge of his character, such as his more aloof and cerebral side that his advisors tried to hide during the campaign. These qualities have made it difficult for him to communicate the full benefits America has accrued from his leadership, and allowed some of his political adversaries to position him as elitist, despite his relatively modest upbringing. But although he may not always be as charismatic as a reasoned and cautious leader, he is always transformational in his aspirations -- otherwise he would never have undertaken the risks of reforming healthcare at all. There…… [Read More]
Leadership Characteristics of Administrators to
Words: 9690 Length: 30 Pages Document Type: Term Paper Paper #: 18379756Most conclusions on this approach were vague or indecisive in terms of social, psychological or mental significance (ice, 1978, 1981; Graen et al., 1972; Ashour, 1973).
Furthermore, over the years, many scholars have come to the realization that leadership is situational and hence there are many realistic settings like the environment, the employees, the resources, etc. that determine the characteristics needed in a leader as well as his/her business approach (Hershey and Blanchard, 1977, 1984). This is why it is important to first understand the different types of scenarios that a leader can face and then use those scenarios as the foundation on which most leadership techniques and approaches are built. This idea of leadership being situational is very helpful in outlining the methods through which leadership can be developed and has taken up a good part of the last three-decade of research (Mckenna, Boyd and Yost, 2007).
There were…… [Read More]
Leadership Film Project Dead Poets
Words: 2105 Length: 6 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 89185782"An older, more experienced teacher questions whether 15- to 17-year-old kids are really ready yet to handle Keating's brand of freedom. 'Gee, I never pegged you for a cynic,' says Keating. 'I'm not,' says the other teacher. 'I'm a realist.'… Although there's a carefully placed scene in which Keating tries to make the distinction between unfettered self-expression and self-destructive behavior, the principles behind the re-formation of the Dead Poets Society eventually lead to catastrophe. It becomes clear that at least some of the boys really aren't emotionally equipped to incorporate into their own lives the kind of freedom and nonconformism that Keating is selling" (Emerson 2010). The extremity of Neil's reaction shows the vulnerability of his unformed adolescent emotions and his inability to deal with his resistance to his father in a rational fashion.
However, for all of his faults, by the end of the film, Keating's students have clearly…… [Read More]
Leadership Theories the Objective of
Words: 1328 Length: 5 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 18598898The four lanchard leadership styles include:
1) directive;
2) managing;
3) coaching; and 4) delegating. (Clawson, 1989)
2) House's Path Goal Theory of Leadership - the motivational function of the leader consists of increasing personal payoffs to subordinates for work-goal attainment and making the path to these payoffs easier to travel by clarifying it, reducing roadblocks and pitfalls, and increasing the opportunities for personal satisfaction en route. (Clawson,1989)
V. CHARISMATIC THEORY
Charismatic leadership is measured by: (1) Followers' trust in the correctness of the leader's belief; (2) similarity of followers' beliefs to the leader's beliefs; (3) unquestioning acceptance of the leader by followers; (4) followers' affection for the leader; (5) followers' willing obedience to the leader; (6) emotional involvement of followers in the mission of the organization; (7) heightened performance goals of followers; and (8) belief of followers that they are able to contribute to the success of the group's…… [Read More]
Leadership Few Leaders'so Overtly and Ostentatiously
Words: 1195 Length: 3 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 61324556Leadership
Few leaders so overtly and ostentatiously embody the concept of transformational leadership as Sir Richard Branson. Branson heads the mega company Virgin Group. The leader's unconventional personality has been described as vocal and flamboyant, (Management and Leadership of Richard Branson at Virgin Group Ltd., 2010). Although Branson is known for his personal charisma, he does not limit himself to a charismatic leadership style. Charismatic leaders operate on the assumption that Charm and grace are all that is needed to create followers, (Leadership Styles, Changing Minds).
From his charismatic character flows a natural leadership style that encourages personal freedom of choice at the managerial level. Thus, Richard Branson can be best appreciated as a transformational leader, and one who has extraordinary vision. Transformational leadership is characterized by the empowerment of workers to make decisions that promote organizational goals, visions, and values. Transformational leaders aim to achieve an articulated vision of…… [Read More]
It was after this season that Phil Jackson left the Platoons of Albany and joined the Chicago Bulls as an Assistant Coach, and as it is generally said, the 'rest is history'. (Lakers Coach Phil Jackson signs with WMA and Original Entertainment)
In a nutshell, a leader can be seen as a person or an individual who is inevitably the most important person within the group or organization where he is working or associated with in any way. It is this very leader who is most often responsible for the successes and the failures of the group or the team, which is under him. However, it is sometimes said that success and failure also lies in the hands of the followers, and in nay sort of organization or group, it is in the hands of the follower that the leader's goals and dreams are generally carried out or executed. Chris…… [Read More]
Leadership Has Become a Prominent
Words: 2476 Length: 8 Pages Document Type: Research Paper Paper #: 65281814
According to the Ohio State University (2004), both could be equally appropriate in terms of overall company outcomes, as they are very similar in terms of valuing and inspiring follower excellence.
When considering the motivation towards leadership for each type of leader, the contrast is sharper. The servant leader, for example, leads from a motivations basis of egalitarianism. The leader's fundamental belief is that he or she is no better than followers. The company's collective goals are then reached by means of an egalitarian team effort, where both leader and followers learn from the experience. Servant leaders are therefore much more focused upon the non-traditional form of leadership, which exists in beign servants themselves (Patterson, edmer and Stone, 2003, p. 6). Followers are provided with a large amount of freedom to exercise the abilities they can bring to the promotion of the business goals. This means that a very high…… [Read More]
Leadership for Organizations
Leadership
The success of organizations and individuals' careers are influenced by the role of leaders. Nowadays firms seek leadership skills in individuals for all sorts of careers while recruiting. Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) believe that it has become critically important to nurture leadership approach at all levels of the organization (Lussier, Achua, 2009, p. 4).
The topic of leadership has been gaining tremendous attention of academic world and media (ass, Riggio, 2006, p. 17). Many experts have written about leadership and the challenges related to it as the subject is highly valued and at the same time a complex phenomenon (Northouse, 2009, p. 1).
In today's world individuals need to develop skills and capabilities required in professional world through personal development. They need to assess their strengths, weaknesses, leadership competencies and goals in order to achieve leadership capabilities (Rothstein 2010).
Leaders need to possess a wide range…… [Read More]
Leadership Charisma Myth Leaders Need
Words: 949 Length: 3 Pages Document Type: Thesis Paper #: 11490639Though there has been a strong correlation shown between the possession of certain key traits and effective leadership, no trait (or combination of traits) guarantees good leadership. More importantly, effective leadership does not really depend upon specific character traits so much as specific choices. The personality traits that can lead to good leadership tend to be those that allow for decisive and informed decisions based on the needs of the group or organization being led; charisma is certainly not among these, and the traits themselves are secondary to the decisions they lead to, regardless (Kirkpatrick & Locke 1991). Charisma no more makes a leader than attractiveness or another physical attribute.
Going back to charisma specifically, some have questioned whether the use of charisma as an enhancement to leadership -- or at least a tool of persuasion used by one in authority -- is even an ethical way to lead. In…… [Read More]
Leadership Response to Post 1 Your Example
Words: 746 Length: 3 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 66769686Leadership
Response to Post #1
Your example of Shaar Mustaf, founder and leader of the Take Charge Juvenile Diversion Program, Inc. does exemplify the value of programs dedicated to helping at-risk individuals, especially young people, to overcome some of the most serious challenges they face in becoming productive and law-abiding members of society. However, I am not clear from your post what style or personal philosophy of leadership Mr. Mustaf uses to achieve the worthwhile objectives of the Take Charge Juvenile Diversion Program. I would be curious to know how much of his success and that of the organization and program is a function of his substantive knowledge and the effectiveness of the organization in other areas and how much of the success of the organization and program might be directly related to leadership style or leadership effectiveness on the part of Mr. Mustaf and, more generally, within the hierarchy…… [Read More]
Leadership Application Mr Smith Has Been the
Words: 707 Length: 2 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 33175782Leadership Application
Mr. Smith has been the president of our social club for a very long time. He has been reelected as the president unanimously for more than three times since he started his term. The reason as to why he has held this position is because of his effective leadership.
Leadership traits
There are various traits that he holds which have made him an effective leader for this entire while. These traits include vision; he is a visionary leader. He looks forward to the future of the club with a lot of expectations. He has envisioned the club to be a success and attain a significant growth. He has an idea of the club which is clear and exciting of where the club is headed and at the same time try to accomplish the goals of the club. Secondly he is a courageous leader. This means that he is…… [Read More]
Frequent virtual meetings at the onset of the change team would be required to create a sense of teamwork and also to clarify roles. The virtual team can take full advantage of technologies that enable collaboration. By keeping in mind the core vision and its underlying values, a virtual change team can be every bit as effective as a live one.
eference
Hay, I. (n.d.). Transformational leadership. etrieved online: http://www.leadingtoday.org/weleadinlearning/transformationalleadership.htm
Lim, J.Y. (n.d.). Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture and Organizational Effectiveness in Sport Organizations. etrieved online: http://www.thesportjournal.org/article/transformational-leadership-organizational-culture-and-organizational-effectiveness-sport-or
Yukl, G.A. (2002). Leading change in organizations. etrieved online: http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:3HhW9jlhnmMJ:www.hss.doe.gov/deprep/archive/oversight/OrgCultureList/YuklOnCulture.pdf+yukl+functional+change&hl=en&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShM_w6gqSrEzWZ-uUX-v-AkxkiiFJutzoFrD6O2zj5Hu1zrCbgTzEL33_cpW5nN-aMhYqy_2HLWsdJVQq5fbn9wNqxrJTZlpnMXKi283D4M4IGnfc1QgUBErPwk7Khr-5zne&sig=AHIEtb3ujTiWDQkDjiKKZZD-jvFmpeTyw
Yukl, G.A. (2008). The importance of flexible leadership. etrieved online: http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:0ZB72AcLc6kJ:www.kaplandevries.com/images/uploads/Importance_of_FL_SIOP08Yukl.pdf+multiple-linkage+model:+yulk&hl=en&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESiDSwYcHX-gcBwH_QGKITxVgh5HmHfX5IYnSzMaPH0DDnOa5andwhqokJYcLSMmJ1-IUf0ZB9VPF0ib9x-tJseuG8kScir9-yK0zgNN073O-nAtAGysTtLJGXIQ6ua_aOYoBD&sig=AHIEtbQbvVU6LmhLhTJcWpWDpnUytxw1Q
Yukl, G.A. (2010). Leadership in Organizations. Prentice-Hall.… [Read More]
Leadership Models by Examining the
Words: 1718 Length: 5 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 37963434The administrative support staff who is dealing with frustrated doctors who cannot adjust to the new computer tablets they are using as an alternative to paper files may require a transactional leader who can provide the organizational support needed to move through an uncomfortable transition. A single leader cannot always be everything to everyone. By learning one's leadership strengths and weaknesses and understanding the leadership skills needed to achieve the organizational objectives, the leader can begin to develop and foster his or her leadership team with people who offer complimentary skills and leadership styles.
eferences
Avolio, B.J. & Yammarino, F.J. (2002). Transformational and charismatic leadership: The road ahead. San Diego, CA: Emerald Group Publishing.
Business leadership: A Jossey-Bass reader. (2003). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Clawson, J.G. (2009). Level three leadership: Getting below the surface. (4th ed.). Upper Saddle iver, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Dulewicz, C., Young, M., & Dulewicz, V. (2005, Spring).…… [Read More]
Leadership Importance of Leadership for
Words: 1601 Length: 6 Pages Document Type: Term Paper Paper #: 90739994A leader carries with him/her a vision that he/she shares with those that are led.
In today's society a leader must by dynamic and flexible, as society is constantly changing and with that the rules that govern society. Thus a good leader must be possessed of a solid ethical and moral constitution, must be flexible in nature, adaptable to circumstances and perhaps above all else a good communicator. A leader must work with people to establish rapport and subsequently develop strategies for success.
Some people are born leaders whereas others need some tutelage, thus the journey toward leadership may begin in the schools, where teachers have the ability to cultivate young leaders and help them flourish for a time when they will later step out into the world to lead. It does not end there however, and must continue throughout the lifetime of the leader, as a successful leader is…… [Read More]
Leadership Styles and Job Satisfaction
Words: 1689 Length: 5 Pages Document Type: Annotated Bibliography Paper #: 69800571Hence, a more corporate attitude is being embraced by pro-vice-chancellors, but the salient question in this article is this: will a university be better off with corporate-style, bureaucratic leadership, or with leadership that pursues academic excellence and a pure mission of educating students?
Wang, Yong, and Poutziouris, Panikkos. (2010). Leadership Styles, Management Systems and Growth: Empirical Evidence from UK Owner-Managed SMEs. Journal of Enterprising
Culture, 18(3), 331-354. Doi: 10.1142/So21849581000604.
What these authors bring to light in this article is that a higher rate of sales and growth for medium sized businesses can be realized when run by an owner that also manages the business. This survey of 5,710 respondents in the UK further pointed to the fact that when the owner-manager delegates authority, the operation is more professional and successful.
Webb, Kerry S. (2009). Creating Satisfied Employees in Christian Higher Education: Research
on Leadership Competencies. Christian Higher Education, 8(1), 18-31.…… [Read More]
Leadership Response to Post 1 Your Post
Words: 824 Length: 3 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 61914508Leadership
Response to Post #1
Your post raises an extremely important point about contemporary business management in relation to staffing and the integrated approach to all human resource management operations and functions. In the past, business organizations typically conceived of recruitment, hiring, training, career development, and employee retention as separate functions. Today, the trend is to fully integrate all of those functions within the framework of human resource management.
There are very good reasons for this because employee turnover is extremely costly when the costs of replacement, retraining, and lost productivity are considered. Generally, employees who leave their organizations after relatively brief periods of employment are less productive during much of their tenure than their counterparts who remain with their companies. Productivity is also lost throughout the period of recruiting, hiring, and training their replacements. Today, the trend is to minimize employee turnover by identifying prospective candidates for employment who…… [Read More]
Leadership of Organizational Change
Words: 1199 Length: 4 Pages Document Type: Term Paper Paper #: 63763440Leadership Oforganizational Change
Leadership Change
One of the most well documented efforts towards change in the United States is the transition from the original 13 colonies to the current inception of the United States of America. What is highly significant about this effort towards transformation is the fact that it adhered to a number of principles delineated in Hickman obinson's text, Leading Changes in Multiple Contexts. In fact, this particular example is preeminent among others for the simple fact that it is simultaneously demonstrative of the five contextual influences on leading change: organizational, community, political, social and global. Although formal leadership of this effort would not fully emerge until the transformation was complete and George Washington was appointed President, his involvement with the other Founding Fathers in the First and Second Continental Congresses and the efforts of other revolutionary groups such as the Sons of Liberty provided the essential leadership…… [Read More]
Leadership Theories
There are a number of theories of leadership that can be applied to my own personal development plan in counselling. I first look to servant leadership as a unique approach to leadership, wherein it is emphasized that the effect leader is one who facilitates greatness in others. The concept of servant leadership was developed by obert Greenleaf in the 1970s, and emphasizes the leader doing whatever is needed in order to ensure that everybody else can be at his or her absolute best (Greenleaf, 1977). Servant leaders are always the ones who are searching, listening and watching, so that they can learn about their organizations, the environment in which their organizations exist, and the people within their organizations. The servant leader then can make a determination about what is needed for the organization to thrive in that environment, but recognizes that one leader cannot succeed on his or…… [Read More]
Leadership Skills Sources Cited APA Format Your
Words: 705 Length: 2 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 57562243Leadership Skills… [Read More]
Leadership Has Been in Existence Since Ancient
Words: 1145 Length: 4 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 93691084leadership has been in existence since ancient times with various contributions on this phenomena having been cumulative. egardless of these cumulative contributions, there are still more significant concerns and deficiencies in the existing knowledge on leadership. Examples of these deficiencies is that many studies have ignored the type of organization and culture with which leaders function, services provided by the leader's organization, and the relationships between leaders and their superiors. On the contrary, these studies on leadership mainly focus on the relationship between leaders and their direct followers.
Leadership and Management:
Leadership is described as the creation of a vision or direction for a group of people to follow making a leader to be the head of new direction or vision. Leadership and management are terms that have continued to be used interchangeably though they are very different. These two concepts are necessarily connected and complementary with attempts to separate…… [Read More]
Leadership Theories Comparing and Contrasting
Words: 1470 Length: 4 Pages Document Type: Research Paper Paper #: 89786237In contrast, a "selling and coaching" (S2) approach is demanded when the leader knows the follower may be uncertain about how to perform the task, but the subordinate has a high level of commitment, as in the case of an intern or a new hire. S2 is a motivational or mentoring approach. The employee craves direction, but will be motivated more by personality and praise than 'carrots and sticks' versus the S1 situation (Straker 2004).
A "participating/supporting" leadership situation (S3) is when the leader knows that the employees can complete the task but the manager wants more of an emotional investment or a higher level of excellence. An example of this approach might be a manager of a fast food establishment with a teenage, low-skilled workforce. The employees can do the job, but needs more motivation to perform at a high level rather than task-specific direction. Finally, an (S4) situation…… [Read More]
Leaderships and Two Different Kinds of Practices
Words: 2135 Length: 7 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 32205260leaderships and two different kinds of practices that leaders may practice with followers.
The three different kinds of leadership are the following:
Deliberative -- where the leader deliberately guides and leads his followers
Participative -- where leader and followers participate in making decisions
Charismatic -- where the leader wins his followers over by virtue of his personality and radical decision-making style
The two different kinds of behavior and attitude that the leader may actuate to followers and that are discussed in this essay are:
reward and punishment that result in desired behavior
Boundary setting -- where the leader imposes perimeters for followers in order to achieve certain results.
Using material appended from other settings the essay concludes by telling us how we may become more effective leaders.
ummary of key facts of the Chapters
Chapter Five
This chapter discusses directive leadership. In this paradigm, the leader is in a purely…… [Read More]
Leadership Capability Relation Accepted Model Leadership Management
Words: 2025 Length: 7 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 13210304leadership capability relation accepted model leadership management. Part 1. 'Situational leadership redundant a task .' As a future leader teams, present arguments statement.
Situational leadership
The internal environment within economic agents is suffering dramatic changes within the modern day society and this is the result of numerous pressures from the internal and external environments, such as technology, competition or increasing demands from the various categories of stakeholders. In such a setting, the role of the leaders and managers gradually increases, as these come to portray the link between executives and employees, and they are more essential in ensuring that the firms attain their overall objectives.
As the role of leaders and managers increases, the emphasis placed on the formation of the leaders and managers must also increase. In such a setting then, the current project sets out to discuss the situational leadership model through the lenses of its applicability within…… [Read More]
Martin Luther King Junior -- the Leader
Martin Luther King Junior was born to a Baptist minister in the year 1929 in the city of Atlanta, Georgia. In Howard Gardner's book, Leading Minds, King referred to his childhood and explained that the first twenty-5 years of his existence were very comfortable years. He was not bothered about much except going to school and doing the work he was asked to do (Gardner, 1995). He was raised in the father's actions and also got his bachelor of divinity in 1951 and the doctoral in 1955. Gardner highlights that while King's personal philosophy hadn't coalesced, he was thinking about the bond between an individual's relationship to God and their resolve for social activism on the planet. He seemed to be trying to reconcile his personal encounters as part of the standard, psychologically suffused black chapel with rather abstruse concerns of latest Protestant…… [Read More]
Leadership Training and Its Relationship to Communication
Words: 3299 Length: 10 Pages Document Type: Literature Review Chapter Paper #: 887032Leadership Training and Its elationship to Communication Skills, Self-Esteem, and Problem Solving Skills among Youth
Transformational leadership remains a critical phenomenon as described through behavioral components such as inspirational motivation, idealized influence, individualized consideration, and intellectual stimulation. Idealized influence is the first element and is reflected based on the conceptualization by transformational leaders who behave in a manner that allows them appear as role models among their followers. Such individuals are respected, trusted, and admired (Olive, Gottfried, Guerin, Gottfried & eichard, 2011). Followers relate with the leaders with the aim of emulating them.
Children's attachment style is normally attributed to parental factors or parenting style. Attachment styles are well formed at early ages even though they are predictive of outcomes for future leadership. Early life shows that bonds developed by infants with caregivers vary between from an insecure to secure attachment styles. The relationship identifies diverse infant attachment styles which…… [Read More]
Leadership Style and Characteristics Affect
Words: 5990 Length: 20 Pages Document Type: Term Paper Paper #: 5512954Furthermore, there are a number of similarities and overlaps between such leadership theories that do not prevent their being characterized as transformational in nature. For example, "Most leaders behave in both transactional and transformational ways in different intensities and amounts; this is not an entirely either-or differentiation" (Miner, 2002 p. 743).
One of the more interesting issues to emerge from the research is the need for transformational leaders to teach what they know to others. Certainly, it would be reasonable to assume that most leaders got where they are by virtue of some innate skill or ability within an organization, and while it would likely be easier - and faster -- for them to simply do some things themselves, teaching others how to become effective leaders in their own right is a fundamental responsibility and effective leaders and serves to differentiate a truly transformational leader from others leadership styles: "True…… [Read More]
Leadership Emotional Intelligence
Words: 737 Length: 2 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 4296553Emotional Intelligence
I actually have an issue with the idea of "empowering followers to take a more active role in leadership." The entire point is that people do not exist in a dichotomous world of leaders vs. followers, but instead live a world governed by complex relationships. Organizations' find leadership throughout, even when the leadership relationship is not formalized. This is first year leadership stuff -- there are many types of leadership - formal leadership, referential leadership, expert leadership, charismatic leadership and more. These different types of leadership exist throughout the organization so it is not a matter of "followers" taking a leadership role, it is a matter of recognizing that the company is full of leaders.
Ogawa and Bossert (1995) note that "leadership flows through the networks of roles that comprise organizations," so there are opportunities for leadership to emerge at any number of points within the organization. This…… [Read More]
Malcolm X and Leadership
The Leadership Styles of Malcolm X
Malcolm X was a natural born leader, according to Manning Marable in his biography Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention (2011:33). What made him so was his incessant drive and ability to command others through repetition of "pet themes" as well as his ability to speak rapidly and overtop others (Marable 2011:33). In his early days before his conversion to Islam, Malcolm X demonstrated a remarkable effectiveness as a "leader of the pack" of assorted hoodlum with whom he fraternized. In this sense, contingency theory best applies to this stage of Malcolm's life, because given Malcolm's social context at the time, his style of leadership -- assertive, combative, and harping -- fit the situation and the type of people with whom he operated: people who respected only muscle and might, of which Malcolm had the intellectual and willful kind. In…… [Read More]
Leadership and Emotional Intelligence
Words: 1038 Length: 3 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 32128792Different leaders espouse differing styles of leadership. The managers in various organizations benefit from diverse approaches comprising transformational leadership, transactional leadership, enigmatic leadership, dictatorial leadership or visionary leadership (Esfahani and Soflu, 2011). In the contemporary, there is increased consideration regarding the role that quality relationships play in the workplace and how they can profit the organization. Emotional intelligence is delineated as the subsection of social intelligence that takes into account the capability of an individual to monitor his or her own feelings and emotions as well as those of others, to distinguish amidst them and to utilize this information for guiding the individual's thoughts and actions (Hunt and Fitzgerald, 2013). In other words, emotional intelligence is the power of rational, coherent response and comprehending a sequence of emotions and belief that the managers with high social intelligence, through the assistance of ideal self-assurance and inherent control center have high capability…… [Read More]
Leadership and Change Management Are Very Crucial
Words: 4281 Length: 15 Pages Document Type: Research Proposal Paper #: 89369663leadership and change management are very crucial factors in the determination of an organization's success. One of the main causes of organization failure is poor leadership. This coupled with the lack of appropriate change management program can quickly send an otherwise profitable business venture into the dreaded domains of bankruptcy and losses. This paper is therefore dedicated to the investigation of the effects of leadership and change management on organizational culture and organizational performance in the case of corporations undergoing mergers and acquisitions The role played by an organization leader is to align the organization's resources, envisioning of the future of the organizations and the motivation of the employees in the firm in order to achieve better results in terms of performance and profitability. A viable leadership strategy must therefore be devised and coupled with an effective change management strategy in order to ensure that businesses remain profitable in this…… [Read More]
Leadership / Leadership: What? So What? Now What?
Wart (2014) defines leadership as the ability to instill in others the drive to pursue a collective vision so that the pursuit of this vision is a joint effort that leads to joint success. Influencing others in this way can be in terms of social influence. It does not use power which can be viewed as autocratic. It inspires to even those who do not directly report to the leader to accomplish much. olfe's model of reflection will be adopted in this essay and its attributes which include, what, so what and now what will be explored (olfe, et al. 2001).
What?
Leadership as a concept and as a practice has many theories that seek to explain it. Each of these highlight specific attributes. Understanding these attributes is key to attaining goals. Some of these theories are highlighted below as they relate…… [Read More]
Leadership and Teams
Leadership theories
Even in the absence of any practical examples highlighting the relationship between leadership and resilience, authors have managed to fill in the gap by a number of well-thought theories. In this matter, Luthans and Avolio (2003: 256) and Sutcliffe and Vogus (2003) are all in the same boat. Luthans and Avolio (2003: 256) have explicitly linked leadership to resilience, stating that the essence of authentic leadership development is to enhance flexibility and resilience amongst employees. Along with this, they also highlighted the fact that the relationship of leadership and resilience has not received the attention and level of interest that it is worthy of. Similarly, Sutcliffe and Vogus (2003) have advocated the effect of leadership by stating that resilience improves the effectiveness of organization as a whole. They are also of the view that the link has been neglected by authors and if exploited more,…… [Read More]
Richard Branson His Leadership
Words: 1945 Length: 6 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 72736713Leadership of ichard Branson
ichard Branson is arguably one of the most successful entrepreneurs of all time. Other great business leaders in his class include, but they are not limited to, Steve Jobs, Jack Welch, and Donald Trump. Although all have been hugely successful in their respective areas of operation, all the three leaders I have mentioned above have different leadership styles. This text concerns itself with the leadership of ichard Branson. In so doing, it will amongst other things take into consideration his leadership style and success at the helm of one of the world's most recognizable business brands, the Virgin Group.
The Leadership of ichard Branson
From the onset, it should be noted that ichard Branson is a charismatic leader. Charismatic leadership according to Lussier (2011, p. 337) "is a leadership style that inspires loyalty, enthusiasm, and high levels of performance." In that regard, therefore, a charismatic leader…… [Read More]
Leadership Discussion
Leadership is everyone's business it is for women, men and even children. We therefore need leadership now in everything that we do be it in our homes, organizations we work in, in church and many more Ares (Leadership Now, 2014). This means that understanding leadership is a vital thing for everyone. Many treatments of leadership have their focus on high-impact leaders but fascinating as these people are they operate in unique environments that most people will never see .the limitation about getting our leadership principle from carrying out studies on the group of the elite is that they are not so many and each and every one of them is in an extremely different situation. Therefore studies on leadership mainly focus on middle and lower level leaders in organizations (American Psychological Association, pg. 474).This paper will look at two different modern leadership approaches with examples of where they…… [Read More]
Leadership style sued by Bill Gates
Having left his classroom studies at high school level, Bill Gates went on to form and lead one of the most successful computer manufacturing business of all times at the global level, the Microsoft. This would not be possible without vision, focus, passion and above all good leadership style that Gates exhibits among his employees. Bill gates has been known to display a mix of three major leadership styles, the autocratic style of leadership, participatory leadership and laissez faire leadership style.
Bill gates is known to be a leader who makes decisions on critical matters with little consultation or with very little consultation among the top leadership, the autocratic leadership style. This has been leadership style that comes out due to his character traits of being intelligent, skillful, determined and a person of high integrity. He known to be less social especially at the…… [Read More]
Fiorina S Leadership Failure at HP
Words: 1568 Length: 5 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 65769425Leadership in Context
Carleton Fiorina, who is commonly known as the Carly Fiorina, was one of the most powerful businesswomen in America in the year 2000 as she was employed as the Chief Executive Officer of Hewlett-Packard, a technology giant. As a result of being hired by this technological giant, Fiorina became the first woman to lead a Dow 30 company in the United States. She had a tremendous career in leadership as she rose rapidly through the ranks at AT&T and Lucent Technologies before joining Hewlett-Packard (HP). However, Fiorina's helm at HP came to an abrupt end in 2005 when she and other members of the firm's board were fired for their failure as moral persons and moral managers. This situation provides a good case study of leadership in context with regards to elements of leadership, application of leadership theories, and probable reasons for leadership failure.
Elements of Leadership…… [Read More]
Analyzing Leadership and the Role of Sex and Gender
Words: 3223 Length: 10 Pages Document Type: Research Paper Paper #: 33848527Leadership and the ole of Sex and Gender
Previous studies have revealed that gender roles and gender may both be predictors of the emergence of leadership. This paper will examine the impact of the above variables, using role congruity and expectation states theories. With respect to gender, males will most likely emerge as the leaders in case of gender-neutral and masculine tasks, while females more likely dominate the domain of feminine tasks. The process may be explained in terms of performance expectations the society has for females and males with regard to specific tasks. In the gender role context, androgynous and masculine personalities will most probably come forward in the leadership role across a range of tasks. This arises out of congruence between androgynous and masculine gender roles, as well as the stereotypical example of the leadership role. It appears that (in western societies, at least), model leaders remain stereotyped…… [Read More]
Analyzing the Leadership Skills
Words: 1515 Length: 4 Pages Document Type: Research Paper Paper #: 47966504Leadership Skills
According to Lance Secretan during the Industry Week on 12 October 1998, "There is more to leadership than methods and techniques-it is more about having an open mind and a good heart. Leadership is all about inspiration -- of yourself and every other person. Effective leadership is concerned with human experiences, not human processes. Leadership is neither a program nor a formula, it is more of a human action that originates from the heart and puts other people's hearts and feelings into consideration. It is more of an attitude than a routine" (Secretan, 1998).
Every leader in the public safety sector requires a very strong guiding force -- you can either call it a moral purpose or a vision, but it should always act as a compass that chooses the appropriate path of all aspects of leadership whether managerial or instructional in nature. Such a leader also requires…… [Read More]
Leadership Is a Complex Process Involving the
Words: 997 Length: 3 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 98112377Leadership is a complex process involving the ability of an individual to inspire, motivate and redirect ways of thinking. It refers to the ability to bring out the best in oneself and others. In any set up, there must be rules and regulations to guide the relationships between people and activities. In a set up like an organization, there are goals and objectives that the organization aims to achieve. These objectives and targets rely on the ability of a leader to organize and direct activities towards their attainment. Leadership is the ability of one individual to stir the sentiments and behaviors of others towards the achievement of the set goals. The leader does this by transforming the goals to be a common goal to others.
Methods used by leaders to influence group members
Leaders can use power to get things done. How a leader uses these powers determines the success…… [Read More]
Leadership Self-Assessment Analysis
Words: 2825 Length: 10 Pages Document Type: Term Paper Paper #: 88730466Leadership Self-Assessment Analysis
In the wake of the corporal scandals of Enron and the Arthur Anderson Company, there have been increased calls for strong ethical leadership. Leadership had always been regarded as a key factor in ensuring the effectiveness of any organization. However, new models are also being developed to challenge the limitations of the prevailing classical theories of leadership.
This paper argues for a tempered approach, one that combines effective leadership with good management. Both factors are important, since over-managed and under-led organizations tend to lose sight of their goals. By the same token, while charismatic leaders can lead their organizations to high levels of success, the lack of management skills means that such victories do not last in the long run.
The growing awareness of corporate and white-collar crime has likewise presented new challenges to the classical leadership model. Organization leaders should now be wary of lawsuits the…… [Read More]
Leadership Sustainability in Leadership Current Global Occurrences
Words: 2770 Length: 8 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 23216874Leadership
Sustainability in Leadership
Current global occurrences have posed a great challenge to the continued existence of living things on earth. At this stage in the history of man, humanity is struggling with a lot of challenges; and these challenges are not restricted to region or race. Problems associated with climate change, increased rate of poverty, inconsistent democracy, and lack of justice and fairness in society are common to all nations. At this critical moment, there becomes a vacuum to be filled with urgency by leaders whose sole desire and purpose is to salvage the earth from total destruction. The world needs leaders who possess strategies to effectively combat these challenges and lead their followers into lifestyles that are self-sustaining. Leaders who could bring about this much needed sustainability to our environments are regarded as Sustainability Leaders.
Purpose of Sustainable Development in Modern Leadership
Leadership in the traditional setting is,…… [Read More]
Leadership Edwin Locke's the Essence
Words: 1418 Length: 5 Pages Document Type: Thesis Paper #: 28571258
Self-confidence is one of the most universally agreed-upon traits of a leader. In order for the organization as a whole to have confidence, the leader must exude confidence. There will be moments in any initiative the followers cannot see the benefits of the initiative or do not feel that they will be able to execute the initiative. It takes the confidence of the leader in order to enable the rest of the organization to believe in the initiative.
Locke's knowledge, skills and ability form the second of the four key to leadership. These are relatively self-evident, but they are still important aspects of genuine leadership. Knowledge of the industry, for example, is built up over the course of years. This knowledge allows the leader to make the right decisions and forge the right strategies. In addition, the leader will also have more ability to instill confidence in their followers if…… [Read More]
Leadership for Any Project the First Step
Words: 920 Length: 3 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 74766862Leadership
For any project, the first step is to inspire people to want to work on the project. There are few more powerful motivators than inspiration. Inspiration breeds creativity, innovation, hard work, determination and other attributes that comprise the more functional elements of leadership. There are a number of different leadership styles, but the most important for getting a grand new project off the ground and building a committed team is inspirational leadership. Inspiration is the process by which the performance in people can be inspired, rather than coerced or motivated (Seidman, 2009). It is believed that inspirational leadership is the most powerful means of getting people into action.
Beyond leadership style, the plan need to be detailed, including areas of concern that may require back-up plans. Planning is essential -- the role of inspiration is to ensure that the people working on the plan give their best effort, and…… [Read More]
Leadership Research Models of Leadership and Management
Words: 1855 Length: 5 Pages Document Type: Research Paper Paper #: 18446774Leadership Research
Models of leadership and management
Comparison and contrast of leadership models
Application of leadership model: Case of Mark Zuckerberg
Table 1- Leadership Table
Leadership Research
Leadership in public and private sector businesses is important for the growth of these businesses. Of late, many researchers have thoroughly investigated the role leadership in promoting businesses. Researchers have also tried to explore the common characteristics of global business leaders that have led their businesses to successful heights. Different models of effective leadership in corporations have also been drafted. One major aspect of leaders being explored in their ability to inspire people surrounding them and use this inspiration to achieve results that could be achieved without having complete trust of followers. While followers might be hard to make for a leader, and yet harder to retain, few researchers have put forth consolidated models of inspirational leaders that effectively make and retain followers.…… [Read More]
Leadership
Exercise 3-3
This week, maybe not my most charismatic week to be honest. There are definitely times when I can turn on the charm and be very charismatic, but this week I don't think I've excelled in this regard. I think that I should pay attention to opportunities to be charismatic because this is a skill that can be developed. Since I know that I have it in me to be this way, I figure that I should probably cultivate this skill a little more, because that will help me to be a better leader.
I think back to a recent trip I took. I was able to get a free seat upgrade just by asking, and when I met people I was able to impress them right away, gain their confidence and talk business effectively. I got a lot out of that trip in that regard, just be…… [Read More]
Leadership Is the Ability of Influencing Individuals
Words: 713 Length: 2 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 8358963Leadership is the ability of influencing individuals or groups for attainment of particular goals. It is the ability of managing interpersonal behaviour by motivating others. There are a number of approaches to leadership, but these can broadly be categorized as Behaviouristic theory, Traits theory, Charismatic theories of leadership and transformational leadership. For the purpose of this assignment, we have chosen transformational leadership approach.
Transformational Leadership
The process of transforming and changing individuals is termed as transformational leadership. In simple terms, transformational leadership can be defined as the ability to make people improve, change and led. Transformational leadership involves assessment of subordinates' needs, motives and giving them due value. Thus, it can be said that a leader having characteristics of transformational leader has the ability to increase the performance of company by giving due value to the employees/subordinates. (Hesselbein and Cohen 1999)
Transformational leadership has four factors which are commonly named…… [Read More]
Leadership Over the Decades Much Research Has
Words: 831 Length: 3 Pages Document Type: Term Paper Paper #: 43680774Leadership
Over the decades, much research has been devoted to studying leadership traits and the qualities of an effective leader. Some of the approaches to assessing leadership include personality theory, as well as the qualitative approach to leadership research.
In the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, (1988), D.K. Simonton used the personality basis of leadership research that looks at the effectiveness of a leader as a result of particular personality traits. For this study, Simonton carried out an archival analysis of the personalities and personal histories of thirty-nine American presidents, and related that to their perceived effectiveness as Heads of State. An analysis of eight-two separate personality characteristics were ultimately reduced to five general categories; "The interpersonal, charismatic, deliberative, creative, and neurotic styles." (Simonton, 1988).
Simonton makes the point that research into leadership is frequently concerned with the question of whether a great leader is born, or becomes a…… [Read More]
Leadership How Can Perceptions Affect
Words: 905 Length: 3 Pages Document Type: Essay Paper #: 9913103This theory also suits me well as I believe that the greater the effort and intensity, the higher the probabili8ty of attaining ones' objectives. There is also the element of continual learning, both at work and school to interpret and when applicable, use the lessons learned. Expectancy theory also is well-suited for accounting for environmental factors that can at times be uncontrollable yet capitalized on, leading to the attainment of objectives in the future. Finally, expectancy theory also concentrates on how the concepts of valence, or strength of a person's preference for a given outcome, when combined with instrumentality and expectancy, can accurately predict the attainment of objectives over time. The concept of linking effort and results is appealing.
6. What are the common characteristics of charismatic and transformational leadership? Compare Colin Powell and Osama bin Laden as charismatic or transformational leaders. Would your answer differ if you were sympathetic…… [Read More]