Disaster Management
This study provides a comprehensive explanation if the aspects affecting disaster management. Through an analysis of practice and theories in disaster management, the interactions between the difference elements of disaster management are elaborated. Some of these elements include but not limited to human beings, nature, and society. The impact of recent natural disasters results demands that a new perspective regarding the subject matter is critically reviewed.

Fundamentals of disaster management

An effective disaster management can only be achieved through efficient disaster and risk management techniques. This involves a combination of conventional techniques and scientific techniques in the process of decision-making. The key issues are the development of effective solutions for defined problems.

The aspect of uncertainty in nature demands a risk management plan at every level of humanity. The risk management plan should clearly document the risk management process after a comprehensive assessment has been carried out. The documentation is continuous as….

Disaster Management; Tornado
Tornado

After a powerful tornado, 60% of businesses and a residential area have been destroyed. This has led to a series of negative events that need to be dealt with. These events include the town having no working lights, reports of residents' children and spouses missing, and even reports of gunfire. At this point, the state is aware of the disaster that has hit this town and the Governor is activating the National Guard. Beyond these initial steps, no further action has been taken, and I must respond immediately to deal with the crisis at hand.

Incident Command

Establishing the incident command system is first and foremost. The system establishes a common organizational structure that is conducive for different types of agencies as well as multiple jurisdictions to be able to effectively work together in response to the situation. The components of this system include the Incident Commander, who oversees all….

Disaster Management Lessons Learned From Hurricane Katrina
Hurricane Management Lessons

The quality of public management can be tested in several situations. It is tested in situations when the financial resources are limited and cannot be used in order to address all the needs of the community in case, it is tested by its effects on the community in comparison with what it is expected from these authorities, but it can also be tested during natural disasters.

These natural disasters do not occur frequently, but their impact is tremendous. Such natural disasters refer to periods with very high temperature in areas where this is unusual, periods with very low temperature, drought, increased levels of all forms of precipitations, hurricanes, and others. Some of these natural disasters cannot be anticipated in time in order to counteract their effects. However, there are strategies that can be developed by the government and other authorities in order to….

The disaster management plan will minimize the potentialities of the disaster in the areas as follows: (1) Minimizing potential economic loss; (2) Decreasing potential exposures; (3) Reducing the probability of occurrence; (4) Reduction of disruptions to operations; (5) providing an orderly recovery; (6) minimizing insurance premiums; (7) reduction of reliance on certain key individuals; (8) protecting organizational assets; (9) ensuring the safety of personnel and customer; (10) Reducing disruptions to operations; (11) Ensuring organizational stability; (12) Providing an orderly recovery; (13) Minimizing insurance premiums; (14) Reducing reliance on certain key individuals; (15) Protecting the assets of the organization; (16) Ensuring the safety of personnel and customers; (17) Minimizing decision-making during a disastrous event; and (18) Minimizing legal liability (Wold, 1997)
V. SIMULATION for TESTING and PRACTICE

There is no way to know when a disaster will occur and preparation will necessarily involve testing of the disaster management plan and this can….

Disaster Management Case Study
Hurricane Victoria that landed on January 10, 2016 in New York City caused significant damage on the area. The storm which was ultimately downgraded to a tropical storm since it lost its strength affected homeless shelters and health care facilities. Many health care facilities in the area sustained devastating damage while those that were functioning became overcrowded with special needs patients and family members. Since backup generators are increasingly running out of fuel for operations, many health care officials are looking for alternative locations for patients requiring care. Given that most health care facilities in New York State are not adequately prepared to manage this kind of disaster, it is important to develop a suitable disaster management plan to help meet the patient needs. As a newly hired administrator in a local hospital, the disaster management plan will incorporate several elements including management, organization, and coordination.

Management

As evident….

Safety
Those concerned with disaster and development represent diverse interests like; they represent political, practitioner- oriented, academic-theoretical, and policy related issues. This leads to a range of different interests, thus conflicting expectations and hostility in those dealing with development and disaster.

Development, economic and societal factors influence a country's vulnerability to disasters. Development is a forward-focused, positive term, while disaster has negative connotations. Development studies and practice, share with disaster management and studies in varied histories and diversity of identities. Melding of disaster and development is a matter of common sense, but this simplicity is deceptive as it masks the practical and conceptual complexities. Many researchers are calling for the bringing together of development and disaster. Many Third World examples of disasters have been linked to long-term unsolved development problems and they can be seen schematically. This shows that disaster and poverty are closely linked. Disasters do not suddenly occur but take….

Disaster and Technology
Technology In Disaster Management

Information technology is the basis of effective decision making. Access to reliable and accurate information is important after a disaster since it opens, share and coordinate system.

Access to reliable, accurate and timely information at all levels of society is crucial immediately before, during, and after a disaster. In preparedness for disaster communication needs to anticipate a situation which involves ICT element including; broadcasting radio, television, mobile telephony, electric power, database management and internet communication are used. By use of remote sensing it has enabled analysist's to quickly determine the areas affected by a disaster it also provides high-resolution information on the impact on physical infrastructure and environmental assets. Technology and communication tools include satellites, radio, and cellular.

The earthquake that happened in Haiti in 2010 showed how technology worked, for instance virtual reality helped scientists to analyze the revealing key details about the roots of the….

Disaster Management: Emergency esponse Plans
Emergencies and disasters normally occur without warning and if not well prepared for, the effects can be devastating. The state of Wisconsin, for example, deals with damages caused by various natural disasters every year. According to The Wisconsin Department of Military Affairs (2015), it has incurred losses amounting to $3 billion from disasters in the last 30 years. More specifically, in Milwaukee, damages caused by tornadoes are higher than both the state and national averages. Emergency response plans are important because they provide efficient guidance and coordination procedures in the event of a disaster. These plans outline measures that can be applied to mitigate the losses incurred, responses to the disaster, preparedness for future disasters and activities that may be needed to help in the recovery process. This text presents the emergency response plan for the city of Milwaukee that will aid in response to the….

Disaster Management: Emergency Planning
Emergency Planning

An emergency plan serves primarily to provide guidance to on-site personnel on how to act during an emergency so as to prevent injuries or fatalities, mitigate damage, and speed up the return to normalcy. It specifies, among other things, who the lead personnel will be, how decisions will be made, and what the chain of command is.

For ease of decision-making, it is important to have an emergency coordinator who takes up the lead role, and has the power to make independent on-site decisions in case crucial decisions have to be made at short notice. It is also reasonable to have a back-up coordinator on-site to take up the lead role in case the lead coordinator is in no position to conduct his duties. The lead and back-up coordinators ought to be selected based on the nature of the emergency. In the case of floods or tornadoes,….

Network-Centric Approach to Disaster Management
Agencies involved in the preparation for, management of, and response to disasters require an enormous considerable amount of information in risk and emergency management, this kind of information is geographical and more often it does not reach the right people at the right time thus raising a concern on how such information can be organized in a way that it supports risk and emergency management more effectively and efficiently.

To address this concern organizations have to conceptualized the risk and emergency management practices which result in the concept of network-centric approach which means that all stakeholders in disaster management are connected and they have the capability to share and access relevant information. This concept can be made operational through the development of an information system and the exchange of geographical information within the system facilitated by the use of peer-to-peer networking joined with a client network server.

The….

This is an important element, in reducing the overall amounts of collateral damage and casualties from these events.
How the Use of this Technology is Helping to Address Risk Management

The use of this technology will play an interconnected role in the larger disaster management plan that an organization will utilize. Where, it will consist of two parts to include: prevention and response. Prevention is when you are taking into account a number of different elements to limit the possible damages. This is when you are utilizing technology, as a part of the strategy to: assess the vulnerability of site and to provide back up support in the event of a disaster taking place. (Auserwald, 2005) During this phase of the disaster management plan, both GIS as well as CRG protocols can play a vital role in helping to: understand these weaknesses, address them and provide an effective solution in the….

The lack of onsite training and motivation is not a problem anymore as terrorists get to watch videos of dangerous activities (destroying helicopters, beheading soldiers etc.) and read digitized letters of suicide bombers. Google earth is a software which uses satellite images to enhance maps to a whole new level. However its capabilities can backfire with regards to safety as terrorists might use it to plan attacks on crucial infrastructures (Wright, 2008).
Most forms of terrorism originate from jihad (religious struggle). The traditional forms of physical jihad are now being accompanied by electronic warfare. Islamic hacker organizations such as Munazamat Fursan Al-Jihad Al-Electronic and Inhiyar Al Dolar have set up websites to engage hackers in their missions. Technical experts aim at disrupting websites which are controlled by the American government, those which might be contradictory to the mujahideen belief system and Christian websites in general. They coordinate intrusions by Denial….

Emergency and Disaster Management: Hurricanes Katrina and Ike
In the recent decades, the United States of America has increasingly experienced various disasters not only from natural sources but also from industry and technology. The country has even faced deliberate disasters from terrorist sources. Unfortunately, there is no attenuation or lessening that is in sight at the moment. The predictions regarding the weather disturbances are increasing. There has been a continuation in the low-level industrial accidents with an intensification threat. The threat of cyber attacks on the country's significant infrastructure has turned out to be even more convincing. Last but not the least, no relaxation has been noticed as far as the foreign terrorists are concerned. Thus, the country and its citizens wait for another attack in an anxious manner (Perrow, 2007).

In this research, however, the main concern is to discuss the two hurricanes i.e. Hurricane Ike and Hurricane Katrina (natural source….

International Culture and Disaster Management
ujarat, which is one of the India's wealthiest states, was stroked with earthquake that shook the Indian province on 26th January 2001 at around eight fifty local times. It was on Friday and a Republic day, there was a celebration to mark 50 years of India's independence. Kutch district was highly affected. Massive loss and injury was realized (Bilham, 2004). Nearly a million families were left homeless, much of the areas infrastructure which includes; school, and village health dispensaries, water supply systems and breakage of communication and power. It also damaged the states commercial capital, Ahmedabab.Quite numbers of airport staff were reported to have been killed and wounded.

Death was placed at 19,727 and those injured at 166,000.Findings showed that 600,000people were left homeless, with 348000 houses destroyed and 844000 damaged. The Indian state department roughly calculated that the earthquake affected directly or indirectly, 15.9 million people….

Organizational Accountability Review of Taiwan's Disaster Management Activities In Response To Typhoon Morakot
Taiwanese System of Government 174

Responsibility of Emergency Management in Taiwan 175

Disasters in Taiwan 175

itizen Participation 189

Shafritz defines citizen participation as follows: 192

Public Managers, itizen Participation, and Decision Making 192

The Importance of itizen Participation 197

Models of itizen Participation 199

itizen Participation Dilemmas 205

Accountability 207

Definitions of Accountability 207

The Meaning of Accountability 208

The Functions of Accountability 213

itizen Participation and Accountability 216

Accountability Overloads and Deficits 219

Assessing Accountability from Democratic, 224

onstitutional and Learning Perspectives 224

Emergency Management 229

ollaborative Management in Emergency Management 229

Stages of Emergency Management Policy and itizen Participation Purposes 232

International ollaboration 235

Network in Emergency Management 236

Agranoff (2007) defines public networks as follows: 236

Trust in Emergency Management 237

Summary 238

THEORETIAL FRAMEWORK 239

itizen Participation and Accountability 241

itizen Participation 241

itizen Participation and Accountability 244

Accountability for Finances 245

Accountability for Fairness 247

Accountability for Performance 248

Benchmarking in the Public and Nonprofit Sectors 250

The Theory of Benchmarking 250

Benchmarking for Improving Accountability….