Discrimination Essays (Examples)

The other effect of the discriminatory judicial system is that non-whites are usually targeted by the system in an unfair manner.

For instance, Latinos are usually and in certain instances explicitly singled out for the process of immigration enforcement. Close to ninety-four percent of all the illegal immigrants who are arrested by the INS are of Mexican origin. The Immigration and Naturalization Service itself however states that only about fifty four percent of all the illegal immigrants are of Mexican origin (Defending Justice,2005) .

After the 9/11 attacks, the Bush Administration made it absolutely possible for all the police departments and federal agencies to infringe on the civil liberties as well as civil rights of Muslim, Arab as well as South Asian Immigrants (NAKASEC, 2003). Some of the new policies are; conducting of arrests and interrogations, indiscriminate and unwarranted raids as well as secret detentions.

There are also stereotypes on…

References

Blumstein, A (1993). Racial Disproportionality of U.S. Prison Populations Revisited.

University of Colorado Law Review, 64, pp. 743-760.

Bureau of Justice Statistics. (2004). "American Indians and Crime

http://www.justice.gov/otj/pdf/american_indians_and_crime.pdf

Discrimination in Workforce

Gender discrimination at work place means the way to behave with the employees in such a way that is to prefer one employee to other due to gender biasness. All over the world, this disparity among the men and women is condemned but still present (Mooney, 2012). One of the research conducted at the U.S. shows that the women get lower compensation than the men do, for the same working hours per week. Women earn only 84.6% of what men earn for the same work and same working hours. This preferential treatment among the employees causes de-motivation to excel in the office environment. There are several ways of gender discrimination at work place (Fox & Lituchy, 2012).

According to the feminist theory, it can be a direct discrimination, in which men get more pay and women get lesser payment even though they both have same academic qualification,…

References

Fox, S., & Lituchy., T. (2012). Gender and the Dysfunctional Workplace. Cheltenham: Edward Elga.

Fredman, & Sandra. (1997). Women and the Law. London: Clarendon Press.

Mooney, & A., L. (2012). Understanding Social Problems. Toronto: Nelson Education.

Tilly, & Charles. (1999). Durable Inequality. Berkeley; Los Angeles; London: University of California Press.

In the case considered, there are two possibilities for the award of the contract: The first is that there may have been no companies on the applicant list that met the minority standards. The second is that non-minority companies far outweighed their minority counterparts in the level of service that would be provided.

In the first case, the deontological viewpoint would not have been applicable, as there were no companies available to meet the minority standards. The ethical argument might then be that, all persons should have an equal right to receive the contract, and be chosen on merit. The second case could then have been decided on the grounds of a utilitarian approach. Quality of service takes precedence over human rights considerations.

The utilitarian viewpoint also considers the importance of quality of the specific service involved, as well as the setting and safety levels promoted by the service. In…

Sources

Smitherman, Laura. (2008, Aug 7).

Board OKs contract for company that failed to meet minority goals. Tribune Business News. Washington.  http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1526873651&SrchMod  e=1&sid=25&Fmt=3&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1236295162&c lientId=29440

Teall, E. (2000). Ethics in the Workplace. Dept of Educational Technology, San Diego University. http://school.teall.net/ethman/info/util.htm

Discrimination against the elderly, against pregnant women, against women with children, against people of color are all prohibited under the law. The EEOC or Equal Employment Opportunity Commission was created to administer Title VII of the Civil ights act and specifically to "progress race, national origin, religious, and sex discrimination claims pursuant to the statue" (Gregory, 2003). Is the EEC doing its job? During the first year alone after the EEOC was created more than nine thousand cases were filed (Gregory, 2003).

Coleman, Slonaker & Wendt (1993) suggest that discrimination is sex blind, and that as the workforce continues to become more divers in today's global economy, there is a greater potential than ever for employment discrimination that would adversely affect a variety of individuals.

The Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1979 is supposed to protect women from discrimination based on pregnancy (Coleman, Slonaker & Wendt, 1993). Another act, the Vocational…

Reference:

Coleman, J.W., Slonaker, W.M. & Wendt, a.C. (1993). "Employment discrimination is sex blind." Management Journal, 58(2): 28

EEOC. (2004). "Federal Laws Prohibiting Job Discrimination." Retrieved April 25, 2005:  http://www.eeoc.gov/facts/qanda.html 

Gregory, R.F. (2003). Women and workplace discrimination: Overcoming barriers to gender equality. New Brusnwick: Rutgers University Press.

Haines, R. & Hemphill, H. (1997). Discrimination, harassment and the failure of diversity training: What to do now. Westport: Quorum Books.

Discrimination in the Fire Service

Over time, nearly every profession once considered the exclusive province of men (and in the case of the United States, white men) has gradually been made accessible to minorities, whether through practical necessity, changing cultural standards, or court orders. However, this process has proceeded unevenly, so that even now there remains institutionalized discrimination which serves to preclude women and other minorities from the same opportunities as white men, and one of the areas where this can be seen most clearly is the case of the fire service, where women and other minorities have been systematically denied employment due to inherently discriminatory testing and evaluation practices. What makes the fire service one of the more interesting sites of workplace discrimination, however, is not just the fact that women and other minorities have been denied employment or promotion, but that certain programs intended to do away with…

References

Allen, Z. (2006, October 12), Women file suit against FDNY. New York Amsterdam News, p. 11.

Baker, A. (2010, January 14). Judge finds 'intentional discrimination' against blacks in fire department hiring. New York Times, p. A.30.

Dumas-Mitchell, A. (2001, March 15). New battleground for NAACP: The fire department.

Chicago Defender, p. 5.

But domestic violence has not been eliminated. Nor have other discriminatory traditions, such as polygamy. "Although the practice of polygamy is declining, it continues to be a threat to women, as it undermines a woman's dignity, perpetuates notions of male dominance, and above all creates domestic environments where women become vulnerable to abuse because they are in the difficult position of agreeing to their husbands' marriage or asking for divorce." Under the CEDAW, the United Nations have increased their efforts to reduce polygamy and in their report, stated: "Polygamous marriage contravenes a woman's right to equality with men and can have such serious emotional and financial consequences for her and her dependents that such marriages ought to be discouraged and prohibited."

The application of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women in Morocco has also highlighted some disturbing facts in the constitution of the North…

References

Discrimination, Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, the Online Version, 2008, http://pewebdic2.cw.idm.fr/,last accessed on March 3, 2008

Fuegen, K., Biernat, M., Defining Discrimination in the Personal / Group Discrimination Discrepancy, University of Kansas, 2002, Retrieved at  http://www.questia.com/read/5001188832on  March 3, 2008

Rhoodie, E.M., Discrimination Against Women: A Global Survey of the Economic, Educational Social and Political Status of Women, 1989, Retrieved at  http://www.questia.com/read/65280652#on  March 3, 2008

Official Website of the United Nations, http://www.un.orglast accessed on March 3, 2008

Discrimination involves classifying people into different groups and giving the members of each group distinct and typically unequal treatments and rights (Wikipedia, 2003). The criteria defining the groups determine the type of discrimination. Use of the term implies that the factors on which the discrimination is based are intrinsically irrelevant to the decision being made. Typically, the discriminator views himself as superior to the injured group. The effects of discrimination are broad. Slow or unhelpful retail service, racial slurs, denial of employment and housing, hate crimes and genocide are all examples of discrimination. This paper will discuss a very specific example of discrimination -- discrimination against Arabs in the United States as a result of the tragic terrorist events on September 11, 2001.

ackground

Many governments have tried to suppress discrimination through civil rights legislation, equal opportunity laws and institutionalized policies of affirmative action. On the other hand, there are…

Bibliography

Ackerman, Seth. (2003). Who Knew?: The Unanswered Questions of 9/11.In these Times. Retrieved on the Internet at:  http://www.alternet.org/ 

Davis, Nicole. (2001). The Slippery Slope of Racial Profiling, Colorlines. Retrieved at:

Discrimination

There are many different types of discrimination that exist in the labor market today. There is ethnic discrimination as well as other discrimination like gender discrimination. Kenneth Arrow, the Nobel Prize winner, defined discrimination as "the valuation in the market place of personal characteristics of the worker that are unrelated to productivity" (Anonymous). Harassment can also be racial in nature or can be gender oriented. Harassment in the labor market would be the act of tormenting someone by continued and persistent criticism and attacks. Discrimination however is the unfair treatment given to people or group on the basis of prejudice.

A group of 14 people from seven different European country visited Israel/Palestine for five days in 2004 to investigate and look in to the labor situation of the Palestinian workers present within Israel and the Occupied Territories. It is known that the labor market in Israel as well as…

REFERENCES:

(1) Anonymous -- Discrimination in the Labor Market. [Online website] Available from:  http://www.tutor2u.net/economics/content/topics/labourmarket/labour_discrimination.htm  [Accessed on 16/10/2005]

(2) Finance Ministry -- Israel Economic Recovery Plan - Stage II Transition to Growth. [Online website] Available from: http://www.mof. gov.il/beinle/economic_plan.pdf [Accessed on 16/10/2005]

(3) Adva Center - "Israel: A Social Report 2003" [Online website] Available from: www.adva.org/ISRAEL_2003_ENG.pdf [Accessed on 16/10/2005]

(4) Dr. Aziz Haidar - "The Arab Population in the Israeli Economy" 1990. International Center for Peace in the Middle East, p.130

An organization that practice peer reinforcement tends to be successful since this helps in encouraging the employees in speaking up their minds whenever they witness any kind of harassment within the organization. Most Organizations have lost their works because of age discrimination among the workers in the working place, however, other employees tend not to be the target of the discrimination, but they might be the next targeted group who do not want to work for a discriminatory organization. When employees leave the company for another company, it is evidently true that the productivity level will go down therefore making the company to lose the potentials of the employees against competitors.

Age discrimination can impact the company by damaging the productivity level. The knowledge of age discrimination by the employees can create an environment which is negative along with company management that has a poor perception causing a reduction in…

References

Esposito, S. (2011).Age Discrimination in the Workplace. Retrieved December 2, 2012 from http://www.humanresourcesiq.com/talentmanagement/articles/age-discrimination-in-the-workplace-2-mistakes-you/

Mayfair, a. & Media, D (2012). Improving lives .The Consequences of Age Discrimination at Work. Retrieved December 2, 2012 from  http://smallbusiness.chron.com/consequences-age-discrimination-work-15806.html

Discrimination Law

"ace Color Discrimination, " Eight categories encompass race discrimination Essay Question: Section 15 EEOC's Compliance Manual, "ace Color Discrimination, " guidance analyzing charges race color discrimination Title VII Civil ights Act 1964.

Discrimination essay question:

Joe's Bakery advertised in the local newspaper for an assistant baker. Muhammad, a recent honors graduate of the Culinary School of America, applied for the position and was told that the position had been filled. Muhammad is of Middle Eastern descent and practices the Muslim faith. The following day, and for nine consecutive days thereafter, Muhammad saw the ad in the paper again. Joe's Bakery employs seven people, including Joe. Do the facts satisfy the requirements for a prima facie case? If so, can Muhammad pursue a claim for discrimination against Joe's Bakery?

Studies have shown that applicants that 'sound' white over the phone and have white-appearing names on their resumes are more…

References

Bennett-Alexander, D.D., & Hartman, L.P. (2009). Employment law for business (6th Ed.).

New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Proving employment discrimination. (2013). Legal Match. Retrieved:

 http://www.legalmatch.com/law-library/article/proving-employment-discrimination.html

Discrimination

The mentioned acts have a common thread of setting boundaries for discrimination in the workplace. Each act makes illegal discrimination in the workplace on the basis of specific personal traits. In a sense, most of the acts are built on the framework of Title VII of the Civil ights Act of 1964, and they expand on that act's protections. Title VII banned discrimination on the basis of gender, race, religion, color or national origin (EEOC, 2014). The Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 offers protections to women as an amendment to Title VII protections against sex discrimination. This act extends those protections to discrimination on the basis of pregnancy. The age acts work to prohibit discrimination on the basis of age, while the Americans with Disabilities Act works to prohibit discrimination on the basis of disability, and sets boundaries for how and when disabilities can be factored into consideration for…

References

EEOC. (2014). Pregnancy discrimination. U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Retrieved January 22, 2014 from  http://www.eeoc.gov/laws/types/pregnancy.cfm 

EEOC. (2014). Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Retrieved January 22, 2014 from  http://www.eeoc.gov/laws/statutes/titlevii.cfm 

FindLaw. (2014). Griggs v Duke Power Co. 401 U.S. 424 (1971). Retrieved January 22, 2014 from  http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=U.S.&vol=401&invol=424

Discrimination at the Lumber Yard

Facts:

A job that entails the act of heavy physical lifting, by virtue of its very nature as well as its advertised job description is publicized in the 'help wanted' section of the local paper. Few, if any, other physical or educational qualifications are needed for the job. A man of forty-five who is visibly out of shape applies for the laboring position. During the initial employment interview, the man advised of his lack of physical qualifications and fitness for the occupation because of his age and apparently poor constitution, which could make his work at the job impossible at worst and at best a continuous danger to himself and to others. Thus, the man is directed to a potential position in customer service at the company, if only he strives makes his appearance more professional for that initial interview.

Solution:

hile it is reasonable…

Works Cited

EEOC. (2005) "Age Discrimination." Government Website. Retrieved 19 Jul 2004 at  http://www.dol.gov/dol/topic/discrimination/agedisc.htm 

Greenberg, David. (2005) "Proving Discrimination in the Workplace."

Discrimination Attorney. Retrieved 19 Jul 2004 at  http://discriminationattorney.com/proving.shtml

Discrimination and Racism

Dovidio, J.F., & Gaertner, S.L. (2002). Prejudice, discrimination, and racism. New York: Academic Press.

Research carried out shows that racism and discrimination exists and they will continue to exist given that human beings are the one on universe and there happens to be nothing that is more common than feeling the remarkable needs of human beings unless the needs of people are hold, therefore, some individuals will always try to bring one another down. The author depicts racism and discrimination as a thing that will forever exist because there happens to be an "us" and a "them" that makes human beings to be always suspicion of the unknown groups who are outside of one's own.

The source indicates that discrimination is an act of treating someone in a way which is not favorable because of some personal inalienable characteristics that are governed by the law. Discrimination can…

This is to say that, in a theoretical
regard, ethnic prejudices and religious hatred may not even enter into some
of the broader economic patterns. Instead, in such instances, this is a
form of economic opportunism which, not unlike America's categorical
exploitation of Mexican labor, has manifested as a devastating form of
economic discrimination.
The results are indeed quite damaging, evidence suggests, to the
Indian population of the Emirates, which has not experienced the type of
wholesale economic elevation that has marked the nation as a whole. This
is especially true today, as global recession leaves this oft-mistreated
group to bear the brunt of negative trends such as low wages, poor labor
conditions and unemployment. As a result, "Indians and other expatriates
in the UAE are increasingly becoming susceptible to the scourge of
depression, research has shown. The prime causes are discrimination at the
workplace, longer working hours, home-sickness, and…

Works Cited:

Abu Dhabi Education Council. (2007). Homepage. Abu Dhabi, UAE. Online
at  http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5444.htm .

Al Bawaba. (2006). UAE Education Ministry Signs Three-Year MOU as GESS
Supporter. UAE Al Bawaba. Online at
 http://www.albawaba.com/en/countries/UAE/218520 .

At the same time, there are limits in time for filing of the suit and the first of these is that the suit must be filed within 180 days from the date of violation. This period is extended to 300 days if the charge is also covered by the state or local anti-discrimination law. For charges under ADEA, only the state limits are valid, and this may be 300 days. For the Equal Pay Act, there is no requirement for filing charges with the EEOC to be able to go to the court. Whenever any discrimination is suspected, it is best to directly approach EEOC. In addition to the laws listed above, many states and areas have anti-discrimination laws, and agencies to enforce them.

These are generally referred to as "Fair Employment Practice Agencies" by EEOC. They act in co-ordination with EEOC for duplication of effort to be avoided. This…

References

Facts About Mediation" (November 1, 2004) the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Retrieved at  http://www.eeoc.gov/mediate/facts.html . Accessed on 6 May, 2005

Filing a Charge of Employment Discrimination" (August 13, 2003) the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Retrieved at  http://www.eeoc.gov/charge/overview_charge_filing.html . Accessed on 6 May, 2005

Holding, Reynolds. (October 7, 2001) "Millions are losing their legal rights Supreme Court forces disputes from court to arbitration - a system with no laws." San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved at  http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2001/10/07/MN61162.DTLAccessed  on 6 May, 2005

Laws Enforced by the EEOC" (January 15, 1997) the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Retrieved at  http://www.eeoc.gov/policy/laws.html . Accessed on 6 May, 2005

Although Lundman was evidently the first case to award damages for faith healing, prosecutions of parents whose children die under similar circumstances are reasonably common.(64) Many of the cases involve Christian Scientists who do not accept the superiority of contemporary medicine to their faith-based care; and many others involve Jehovah's Witnesses, who do not accept blood transfusions because of the biblical prohibition on ingesting blood.(65) but official punishment is surely not the ideal response to the understandable and entirely justified effort to protect the life of the sick child. Usually, the states try to prevent the death of the child rather than punish it later. The typical case involves a petition from a hospital for the temporary dissolution of the parents' rights over the child and the appointment of a guardian ad litem to make the decision on the surgery or transfusion. After the decision is made and the procedure…

References. Review of Business, 15(2), 17+. Retrieved January 12, 2009, from Questia database:  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5000254375   http://www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5001871467 

Smrke, M. (1999). Proselytism in Post-Socialist Slovenia. 202. Retrieved January 12, 2009, from Questia database:  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5001871467   http://www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=104606685 

Stone-Romero, E.F. (2005). 11 Personality-Based Stigmas and Unfair Discrimination in Work Organizations. In Discrimination at Work: The Psychological and Organizational Bases, Dipboye, R.L. & Colella, a. (Eds.) (pp. 255-276). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Retrieved January 12, 2009, from Questia database:  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=104606967   http://www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5024775975 

Suk, J.C. (2007). Discrimination at Will: Job Security Protections and Equal Employment Opportunity in Conflict. Stanford Law Review, 60(1), 73+. Retrieved January 12, 2009, from Questia database:  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5024775975

Suggestions of Bill's past infidelity, used to attack Hillary, would imply that Hillary was somehow responsible for her husband's indiscretions. That would hearken back to old gender-roles, which made women responsible for the family and the caretakers of their marriages. In turn, that would seem to suggest that Hillary had failed in that responsibility by stepping outside of the domestic sphere. Of course, the most dramatic example of stepping outside of the domestic realm would be running for the presidency. Therefore, bringing up past problems in Hillary's personal life would open the Republicans to charges that they were engaging in sexism.

The Republicans could face charges of racism is they emphasize Obama's otherness. The reality is that many of Obama's life experiences differ from those of the average American, regardless of race. He does have a tangential connection to Islam, which his opponents have already attempted to exploit, because of…

Works Cited

Kuhn, David Paul. "GOP Fears Charges of Racism, Sexism." Politico.com. 2008. Politico. 26

Feb. 2008  http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0208/8659.html .

Discrimination

The most common forms of discrimination occur along the lines of race, gender, social status, or similar superficially derived groupings. In my life, I have definitely experienced discrimination on the basis of my age, gender, and financial ambitions. As a young female entrepreneur I was commonly judged unfairly from others in the business world. Overcoming such prejudices was definitely one of the defining themes that have been present in my personal development.

As a young business owner I would face many challenges due to stereotypes. I used to go out and give bids on jobs and when the client would see me the first thing they would say is "YOU!!!, You own Spic and Span? You're too young." Some clients easily dismissed me on my age alone. One such potential client did not believe I could handle their account of a 20,000.00 sq. ft. building because me being young…

Works Cited

Staples, B. (n.d.). Just Walk on By. Retrieved from My Teacher Pages.

What is happening is the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) issued a ruling called MD 715. Inside they changed the hiring requirements and reporting standards for U.S. government agencies. The most notable include: reducing reporting requirements, holding senior managers accountable for reaching agency objectives (versus whom they are hiring), the elimination of predetermined quotas and monitoring for trends when discharging these groups. This is designed to ensure that all federal agencies are hiring the best person for the job. Instead of someone, who fits into a particular demographic of the population that could be considered to be a minority (based on ethnic, gender or disability). This is important, because it is illustrating how there are two different standards that are used by the federal government when hiring various individuals that fall into these categories. As those who are disabled and have served in the military, are given preference over other…

Bibliography

DVAAP. (2011). Feds Hire Vets. Retrieved from:  http://www.fedshirevets.gov/hire/hrp/dvaap/index.aspx 

Federal Civilian Employment Affirmative Action. (2000). NARA. Retrieved from: http://clinton2.nara.gov/WH/EOP/OP/html/aa/aa08.html

Muhl, C. (1999). Affirmative Action Requirements. Monthly Labor Review, 122 (1), 48.

hile changes in the law will address de jure discrimination it may do little to treat with de facto discrimination. This argument is eloquently made by Goodman who posits that the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education while addressing de jure segregation did nothing for the ensuing de facto segregation that existed at the time (275). To support his position Goodman engages a multipronged approach to demonstrate the ongoing de facto discrimination within the school system. The argument is also supported by Green who argues that the Supreme Court, by failing to address de facto discrimination allowed the practice to continue (139). hile some argued that the courts cannot address de facto discrimination, Green demonstrates that in the case of Sheff v. O'Neill the state judiciary did address de facto discrimination through court action (145).

An interesting facet of the argument that often goes unconsidered is whether…

Works cited

Eubanks, Eugene E. "School Desegregation under Brown: The Role of Court Master, Guidelines

and Experiences" the Journal of Negro Education 73.3 (2004): 209-217

Godsil, Rachel D. "Race Nuisance: The Politics of Law in the Jim Crow Era." Michigan

Review, 105, no. 3 (2002): 506.

Why Discrimination Breeds More Discrimination in a Vicious Cycle
Introduction
Power and privilege is a two-way street: power can run both ways, depending on the circumstances or context. For example, a female Latina could be in a position of privilege and power in one environment and in a position of discrimination and prejudice in another environment. I know this from experience because I have been in both types of situations before in my life. What is interesting about being a Latina in America is that while most whites are not going to recognize you as one of their own, they also are not going to lump you in with other ethnic groups, such as blacks or Asians. To illustrate this, Zamudio and Lichter (2008) showed that hotel managers tend to prefer to hire Latinas over blacks in the hotel industry for whatever prejudicial reasons that managers have. On the other…

Racism, colorism, prejudice, discrimination, and/or implicit bias are all strategies for devaluing a particular group of individuals. Racism is a social concept that most adults learn as they grow. Looking at children one can see that they do not perceive race or colorism in any way. This implies that society teaches us that not all skin colors are similar and some should be superior from others. which causes discrimination. Discrimination occurs due to policies that in place that give certain groups more power than others. Groups can be discriminated due to color and origin, where one group is seen to be superior to the others. It is surprising to note that the color of a person's skin determines how they will be treated in society. This has been pushed so much by the movies and advertisements that are shown on TV. A person with white skin is superior to a…

Individuals with disabilities may experience mental anguish, but also feelings of embarrassment about their ability, or inability to perform tasks that they normally might were they not disabled. These feelings may lead to depression or feelings of worthlessness, guilt or sadness, which are unacceptable in a society that promotes equality and fair treatment under the law. People with disabilities incorporate a large segment of the population, including people with HIV, cancer or physical handicaps resulting from chronic illnesses like multiple sclerosis (DDA DirectGov).

Other characteristics of individuals who feel discriminated against may include fear, as in the case of women who are discriminated against sexually (Gregory, 2003). As part of our research, we note that more women are fighting back, thanks to feminist movements encouraging women to speak out when they feel discriminated against. Any type of discrimination, as evidenced by our research, interferes with a person's ability to lead…

References

DirectGov. (n.d.). The Disability Discrimination Act (DDA). http://www.direct.gov/uk/en/DisabledPeople/RightsAndObligations/DisabilityRights/DG_4001068

Gregory, R.F. (2003). Women and workplace discrimination: Overcoming barriers to gender equity. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.

Higginbotham, Jr. a.L. (1990, Nov). 45 years in law and civil rights; many of the greatest battles in the war on discrimination were waged in court. Ebony, 46(1): 80

Another form of discrimination that is most evident in this scenario is age discrimination. Age discrimination has had a long history of being under litigated precisely because it is hard to monitor and to positively identify. However, it is a significant problem within the arena of business ethics because age plays a large role in the image of a resort. Managers believe that having young employees instills a sense of modernity to their establishment and therefore recruitment usually occurs for the young rather than the old. This discrimination could be occurring within the baderman island resorts precisely because it is pictured as a destination of relaxation and modernity. Golfing ranges and spas can ill afford to give the image of traditional and old-aged. However, ensuring that age is not a factor within the resort is one of the primary manager ethical concerns. In this case the quota system may not…

Discrimination and Affirmative Action

DISCIMINATION

The current study investigates gender discrimination and the relationship between organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Women report through survey questions on how they view gender discrimination against women today, their level of commitment to an organization, and their level of agreement on how satisfied they are in their jobs. The purpose of this study is discussing certain issues that pertain particularly to women, because majority of women's find barriers when moving towards the top.

According to the Federal Glass Ceiling Commission, the definition of glass ceiling refers to "the artificial barriers present in the workplace to the advancement of women and minorities." egardless of achievements, the glass ceiling is an "unseen" barrier that keeps minorities and women from rising to the top of the corporate ladder. The glass ceiling still persists in today's society even though the equity gap between men and women in managerial…

References

Connerley M.L. & P.B. Pedersen (2005), Leadership in a diverse and multicultural environment: developing awareness, knowledge, and skills, Thousand Oaks, Ca: Sage. Pp. 101-115

Edgar F. & Geare A. (2004), "Employee demographics in human resource management research," Research and practice in human research management, 12(1), 61-91.

Faderman, Lillian, 2005, Surpassing the Love of Men: Romantic Friendship and Love Between Women from the Renaissance to the Present. London: The Women's Press, pp. 167-168

Finnis, John, (2004), "Law, Morality, and 'Sexual Orientation'" Notre Dame Law Review 69: 1049-1076.

Discrimination and Affirmative Action

"Firefighting is a skilled job where all of the skills learned are on the job… It's a really good job, and it's been racially exclusive in most of our major cities…" (John Payton, NAACP) (Liptak, 2009, The New York Times)

orkplace issues that revolve around racial fairness and racial justice typically are highly charged with passion and contentiousness. The now notorious case of the Caucasian firefighters in New Haven, Connecticut -- who sued when they believed they were discriminated against -- is a classic case in point. This paper examines and critiques the many issues surrounding the case the firefighters brought to the U.S. Supreme Court.

The basic background of the case

The city of New Haven, Connecticut made a management decision to base future promotions of its firefighting units on a written test. This was 2003. According to Emily Bazelon (writing in Slate) the city…

Works Cited

American Civil Liberties Union. (2009). Supreme Court Rules Connecticut Firefighters Unfairly

Denied Promotions Because Of Race. Retrieved May 10, 2011, from:  http://www.aclu.org .

Bazelon, Emily. (2009). The Sotomayor Mystery: Why didn't she explain herself in this year's big race case? Slate. Retrieved May 10, 2011, from  http://www.slate.com .

Liptak, Adam. (2009). Justices to Hear White Firefighters' Bias Claims. The New York Times.

Reports indicated by the Pew Hispanic Center show that the Hispanic immigrants are twice as likely to lack health care as the black Americans and three times as likely compared to the whites non-Hispanic (Pew Hispanic Center). Illegal immigrants are even worse since they are probably subjected to accepting lower paid jobs that are not providing health care and since their financial situation does not allow them to have a health insurance. Surprisingly, even those who are born in the U.S. (from Hispanic origin) and also have a health care insurance are declaring that they are not using a particular health care provider because they seldom need medical assistance.

Recent report show that the rate of unemployment is almost twice as high among the Hispanic immigrants compared to the rest of the population unemployment rate. On the other hand, it is also more visible, compared to the immigrants coming from…

The political arena in the U.S. has plaid the illegal immigrants' issues card and during the last elections, the Latinos are reported to have voted in favor of the democrat party in a proportion of 2:1 (Ludden, 2008). If those measures president Obama promised to take in trying to improve overall life conditions for the illegal immigrants and changing their status into legal emigrants are going to be taken and how soon, it is still a matter to be debated over. The elected president, Barack Obama will have to face the present economic situation in the U.S. with a firm hand, aware that the majority who voted for him has high expectations and its complete trust. Among those who voted for the democrats are the Hispanics.

Many Hispanic men have lost their jobs, during the last year, especially in the construction field, but the Hispanic women facing the same situation them (Pew Hispanic Center). On the other hand, the general situation of the immigrants working in fields like construction is considered worse than last year. The Hispanic population is suffering the consequences of an economy in recession along with anybody else living and working in this country. The fact that they outnumber all the other immigrants is making thir problematic worse.

The complex situation of the illegal Latino immigrants risking their lives to come to the U.S. through the U.S. - Mexico border is asking for complex and thought through measures. The Hispanic population in the U.S. who is working in the low-skilled labor is facing problems like bad working conditions, underpayment and discrimination because of the lack of education and the precarious status people living under such conditions face. Education is a key factor and the future programs will have to focus more in this side on their problems. Health is another key factor that has to come up in further discussions regarding the improvement of the living standards for those Hispanics who are living and working here. The economy is officially in recession, but the demand for cheap working force has not decreased.

Discrimination and Affirmative Action

Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) enforced by the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) prohibits private and state and local government employers with 15 or more employees from discriminating against individuals on the basis of disability. Title I of the ADA also generally requires covered employers to make reasonable accommodations -- changes in the workplace or in the way things are usually done that provide individuals with disabilities equal employment opportunities." (U.S. Equal Opportunity Commission, 2008) In order to meet the ADA's definition of disability the individual must have a "physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities; (2) has a record of such an impairment; or (3) is regarded as having such an impairment. This definition of disability may differ from the definition used in other laws. For example, the term "disabled veteran" means an individual…

Bibliography

Chapter 4-1, Equal Employment Opportunity Program (Sept. 12, 2003) U.S. Department of Justice. retrieved from: http://www.justice.gov/jmd/ps/chpt4-1.html

Dunn, CP (1997) The Normative Defense for Affirmative Action. Journal of Management Inquiry. Retrieved from:  http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/faculty/dunnweb/pubs.aa.html 

ETERANS WITH SERVICE-CONNECTED DISABILITIES AND THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT (ADA): A GUIDE FOR EMPLOYERS (2008) U.S. Equal Opportunity Commission. Retrieved from: http://archive.eeoc.gov/facts/veterans-disabilities-employers.ht

NSPECTOR GENERAL INSTRUCTION 1440.1 (2005) SUBJECT: Equal Employment Opportunity Program. Department of Defense. Retrieved from:  http://www.dodig.mil/fo/Foia/ERR/IGDINST%201440.1%20IG%20Signed%2011-09-05.pdf

In order to assure that workforce advancement for existing disabled veterans is according to federal guidelines, the Bonneville "action program plan" offers classes and training in "resume writing" and "how to prepare for an interview." Each employee, including disabled veterans, are encouraged to complete an individual development plan with their manager, and are also encouraged to utilize career counselors with their departments.

All these things are mentioned because it is apparent that the federal government has gone to great lengths to open the door for disabled veterans. That doesn't mean, again, that any job opening with a federal agency or a contractor who has been hired by the federal government will automatically go to a disabled veteran. Not at all.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture has its own version of an "Affirmative Action Program Plan for Disabled Veterans" (www.usda.gov/da/employ/VETPLAN.01.htm);this is very similar to the Bonneville plan, only it appears that…

Works Cited

Bergmann, Barbara. (1996). In Defense of Affirmative Action. New York: Basic Books, 42-47.

Bonneville Power Administration. (2004). Disabled Veteran's Affirmative Action Program

Plan. Retrieved 12 Dec. 2006 at http://www.jobs.bpa.gov/How_To_Apply/disabledaction.cfm.

U.S. Department of Agriculture. (2001). Disabled Veterans Affirmative Action Plan. Retrieved 12 Dec. 2006 at  http://www.usda.gov/da/employ/VETPLAN.01.htm .

"

The organization that I work for has many advantages because of its decision to support non-discrimination.

One of the most important elements of life is diversity. By supporting non-discrimination laws the company provides a local atmosphere in which diversity is embraced and the company has a large diverse local pool to draw from for employees.

The support of anti-discrimination laws also sends a strong clear message to the workforce of the company.

We are aware that the company supports and embraces diversity, not because it is mandated to by employment laws, but because it believes it is the right thing to do for mankind.

Everybody in America, at this point is aware that to discriminate based on race, culture, gender or other factors in the workplace is illegal.

It sets the company up for large fines if it is caught practicing or promoting discrimination in the company.

This makes…

REFERENCE

Vise, David (2005) Microsoft Backtracks, Supports Gay Rights Bill

The Washington Post

Indeed, the most serious health issue related to domestic violence of course is mortality, and the California omen's Law Center (CLC) conducted a survey of 100 murders of women by their male intimate partners. The results are very germane for those interested in health-related gender fairness through the law in California.

CLC found that in 59% of the surveyed cases of women homicide victims the murder was not the first abusive episode; and a "history of threats to the victims' life" by the killer was available in 47% of the cases. Because seeking a "restraining order" and/or domestic violence services increases a victim's safety in many cases, 68% of abused murder victims "...never obtained, or attempted to obtain, a protective order against their abusive partner" (CLC, 2003). Just 20% of those women killed by intimate partners had an active restraining order against their abuser at the time they were murdered.…

Works Cited

Austin, Emily. "Teen Dating Violence and School Response." California Commission on the Status of Women. Retrieved 10 Dec. 2008 at  http://www.CWLC.org .

Bellasalma, Patricia. "Taking a Close Look at Prop. 4, Californians Will Vote No as they Have Two Times When Similar Measures Were on the Ballot." California Progress Report. Retrieved 10 Dec. 2008, at http://www.californiaprogressreport.com.(2008).

Buckland, Katie. "Lawsuit Charges Hormone Cream Manufacturers with Deceptive Marketing." California Women's Law Center. Retrieved 10 Dec. 2008 at

Nearly all of the existing models for financial redistribution available in American politics isolate potential applications on lines of income, while others divide along racial, ethnic, and religious lines to help insure the same standard of living for all of those in need -- adults and families included.

The current situation in America highlights the need to isolate welfare recipients further, by more than just income and instead to also take into account the idea of regional differences that foster not only varied opportunities of employment, but also a wide array of external sources of lifetime substance. Because America is still trying to balance the difference of tax revenues, budget allotments, and other sources of welfare subsidy, it is most important that both social scientists and legislators illuminate the regional discriminations that exist between the urban and rural poor.

Deavers, Kenneth L. "Social Science Contributions to Rural Development Policy in…

Hall by publishing the truth in any letter of recommendation (Dershowitz,

2002).

In reality, Dean Moore's refusal was not the result of any prejudicial or otherwise impermissible basis. Nevertheless, the dean's strongest possible position would be to offer to write the requested letter but to inform Ms. Hall that any such letter would necessarily, as a matter of social responsibility and sound public policy, have to include a description of the circumstances of Ms. Hall's departure from NBSU in conjunction with an objective and fair description of her actual academic performance and technical competence. Even if her refusal to provide any letter is justified, defending a discrimination lawsuit is expensive and potentially damaging to the institution. On the other hand, there is no such thing as a legal claim arising from someone's refusal to lie and any suit brought by Ms. Hall based on the dean's insistence on full disclosure…

References

Dershowitz, a. (2002). Shouting Fire: Civil Liberties in a Turbulent Age. New York:

Simon & Schuster.

Halbert, T, Ingulli, E. (2007). Law & Ethics in the Business Environment. Cincinnati,

OH: West.

It would appear that whites are willing to accept such a commitment only in the cases in which the white woman is coming from an inferior class. (Turner, 1990)

Most people today agree that the act of marriage should only depend on the two individuals that perform it, not considering their race, nationality or any other factor which can falsely influence a decision.

Jane Dabel, "A Superior Colored Man. And a Scotch Woman": Interracial Marriages in New York City, 1850-1870," International Social Science eview 80.3-4 (2005), Questia, 3 Dec. 2008 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5012453403.

Patricia Grimshaw, "Interracial Marriages and Colonial egimes in Victoria and Aotearoa/New Zealand," Frontiers - a Journal of Women's Studies 23.3 (2002), Questia, 3 Dec. 2008 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5002526583.

enee D. Turner, "Interracial Couples in the South; Attitudes Are Changing on Once-Illegal Marriages of Blacks to Whites," Ebony June 1990, Questia, 3 Dec. 2008 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5000122240.

obert P. McNamara, Maria Tempenis, and Beth…

Robert P. McNamara, Maria Tempenis, and Beth Walton, Crossing the Line Interracial Couples in the South (Westport, CT: Praeger, 1999) 1, Questia, 3 Dec. 2008  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=15354562 .

Ursula M. Brown, the Interracial Experience: Growing Up Black/White Racially Mixed in the United States (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2001) 1, Questia, 3 Dec. 2008  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=101026457 .

Interracial Couples." About.com. 3 December, 2008. http://racerelations.about.com/od/racerelationships/a/interracialcoup.htm

Discrimination and Prejudice Affects Families

Discrimination is basically defined as the unfair or prejudicial treatment of various kinds of people or things, particularly on the basis of age, race, sex or ethnicity. In contrast, prejudice can be described as a preconceived opinion about a person or a group of people that is not based on experience or research. Discrimination and prejudice occur in various societies as various groups of people are wrong preconceived opinions and unfair treatment that is fueled by various factors. Some of the most common factors that generate discrimination and prejudice include cultural differences, religious differences, socio-economic differences, racial differences, differences in sexual orientation and preferences, and differences in nationality. As a result of its spread, discrimination and prejudice continues to have considerable impacts on families and child rearing practices, which necessitate the development of measures to address it.

How Discrimination Affects Families

Generally, the effect of…

References

Ambrosino, R., Heffernan, J., Shuttlesworth, G. & Ambrosino, R. (2011). Brooks/Cole

empowerment series: social work and social welfare: an introduction (7th ed.). Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning.

Davies, M. (2008, November). Eradicating Child Poverty: The Role of Key Policy Areas.

Retrieved November 22, 2014, from  http://www.jrf.org.uk/sites/files/jrf/2271-poverty-exclusion-discrimination.pdf

Workplace discrimination leads to a mismatch between qualified workers and their jobs, and it carries significant economic consequences in the American workplace.

Okechukwu, Souza, Davis and Castro (2014) define workplace discrimination as unfair rules and conditions that impair the ability of group members. It is motivated by inferiority and mistreatment of the disadvantaged group over the dominant group. It is based on races and even occurs among disadvantaged groups themselves. For example, some ethnic groups are favored than immigrant workers. Discrimination does exist with respect to age, gender, and disabilities as well. Though Americans prohibit societal and historical influences among the workers through the Disabilities Act, it does persist. Workplace discrimination is unequal treatment of employees whereas workplace harassment involves negative actions toward a worker with respect to race/ethnicity, gender, etc. Sexual harassment includes sexist behavior, sexual hostility, unwanted sexual attention, and sexual coercion in which one's gender or sex…

Discrimination and Harassment

Discrimination is an act of prejudice where unfairness towards a person or group of persons is demonstrated. It is an act of unreasonably treating a person less fairly as compared to how others are treated. Discrimination can manifest itself in many instances in our lives, either within the social environment, workplace, school, and many others. In reference and respect to every person's human rights, discrimination is prohibited under human rights and constitutional laws. According to an online source, this especially includes discrimination based on the following attributes.

race, colour, sex, age, trade union activity, religion, criminal record, political opinion, marital status, impairment (including HIV status), disability (including physical and intellectual), medical record, national extraction, nationality, social origin, sexual orientation, gender identity inc. transexuality

Harassment, on the other hand, is a form of abusing or injuring a person or group of persons, either physically, mentally, or emotionally. As…

References

Discrimination and Sexual Harassment.

 http://www.apesma.asn.au/adviceonline/contents.htm 

Workplace Bias.

 http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/business/july-dec04/walmart_7-5.html

discrimination in business. Specifically it will compare and contrast my opinion of the definition of reverse discrimination, and how equal employment laws relate to the equal employment opportunity. everse discrimination is the practice of denying employment to certain races or genders in order to meet hiring quotas or hire to meet racial quotas. It attempts to hire more minorities to help them prosper and grow in business, but many people feel those hiring choices are discriminatory toward others who are not members of that particular race.

All employers confront the challenge of hiring an equal number of women and people of color, as well as white employees, from a pool of qualified applicants. One author notes this is a challenging and complex task. He notes, "Confronting the challenge of equal employment opportunity is a continuing and complex responsibility for all employers" (Gullett, 2000, p. 107). Equal employment opportunity laws were…

References

Gullett, C.R. (2000). Reverse discrimination and remedial affirmative action in employment: Dealing with the paradox of nondiscrimination. Public Personnel Management, 29(1), 107.

Sander, R.H. (2004). A systemic analysis of affirmative action in American law schools. Stanford Law Review, 57(2), 367+.

Case Statement

This case involved a white woman and a black man who had an encounter in a parking lot and there was controversy if discriminatory action ensued. The two, Hope and Dillon, gave two different versions of the encounter.

At its very core, the conflict in the case is about racial discrimination. Legal advocates and scholars have given various definitions to racism and have focused on disparate impact and differential treatment. Their definitions can be crystallized into differential treatment occurring when individuals are accorded unequal treatment because of their race and disparate impact occurring when individuals are subject to the same treatment based on specific predefined procedures and rules, but where the procedures and rules are structured in favor of one group (Devah Pager & Hana Shepherd, 2008).

Issues to Resolve

Where there is a history of discriminative practices, an exchange like the one between Dillon and Hope is…

Representative X:

As healthcare legislation continues to be debated in the House and Senate, I would like to express my support for the continuation of one, significant policy that was instituted under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), namely the idea that young people under the age of 26 should be permitted to remain on their family's health insurance policies. The current generation of young people is graduating with more college debt than ever before and many new graduates are forced to take jobs that do not offer full benefits. The rise of freelance employment also means that many young persons may be forced to forgo jobs with health insurance.

Buying independent insurance is a significant cost, even though ensuring that young and healthy people are in the health insurance risk pool is necessary to keep overall healthcare costs low. Preventative early care can also reduce the need for more costly…

Mental Health and Stigma

1
Stigma influences the lives of people living with serious mental illnesses in many ways, including via the experience of self-stigma, whereby a person gives intense focus to what others might think about one’s own mental illness, internalizing their conception of the illness (Link, Wells, Phelan & Yang, 2015). Stigma can also come from society, from the workplace, from one’s own family or set of peers, and even from strangers. When an illness is stigmatized in the media, a person who suffers from that illness may feel taboo, ostracized from society, isolated from the “normal” group of people who have normal lives and can function without problem (Corrigan, Druss & Perlick, 2014).

Stigma influences the lives of people living with serious mental illnesses in other ways too. They become afraid to seek medical help because of the fear of being labeled as a person with a…

As described in Chapter 4 of Mosser (2014), from a deontological ethical perspective not discriminating against older workers is clearly justified. Older workers have made an investment of time and effort into their professions and the economy, and they should not be deprived of the ability to capitalize upon those benefits, nor should their previous societal contributions be ignored. Ethically, it is also immoral to discriminate against an entire class of human beings. But even from a utilitarian perspective, older workers can offer value to the organization. Older workers bring the values of experience to the workplace, and can actively mentor younger employees.
Furthermore, youth is merely a temporary state, and all workers will be old workers eventually. If younger workers lobby for discrimination now, they may face discrimination themselves in the future. Nondiscrimination secures the greatest good for the greatest number of people. Finally, having a large population of…

adults have an episode or two from their youth of which they are not extremely proud. Perhaps it involved sneaking a beer (or several beers) at a social function, or lying about one's plans for the evening to get permission to attend a questionable event. Most kids have learned the hard way on at least a few experiences -- speeding, missing curfew, or cheating on a test. Younger children are taught that taking a pack of gum from the store without paying for it is wrong, and that there are certain words on television that they shouldn't repeat in school. e accept these facts of life fairly easily; minors aren't mentally or socially equipped to know how they should behave all of the time. Children have to be taught about social mores, and teenagers test authority without considering the consequences in a way that most adults would. Lawbreaking -- whether…

Works Cited

Primary

Atkins v. Virginia, 2004, 536 U.S. 304

Case 12-285, Inter-American Court on Human Rights Rep. No 3/87 (1987)

Domingues v. State, 961 P. 2d 1279,1280, Nev. 1989

Discrimination

Unintentional Discrimination

Unintentional discrimination occurs when a company's policies uncritically reflect prejudicial stereotypes yet do not involve overt racial prejudices of its managers or executives. Does legislation to verify voter identification fall under the domain of unintentional or intentional discrimination? Explain your views.

The voter verification effects that are currently being proposed, predominately in Conservative lead states, are both unintentional and intentional discrimination. They are unintentional in their best case given that legislators have reasonable assumptions to make the passage of these verification requirements mandatory for all potential voters. Some analysts believe that voter fraud is a real threat to the political system. Although there have only been a handful of voter fraud cases ever prosecuted in the United States, there might be a seemingly legitimate argument to support voter identification initiatives. For example, J. Christian Adams, an election lawyer in Alexandria, Va., and advocate for voter-ID laws who…

Works Cited

Bialik, C. (2012, September 1). Counting Voter Fraud. Retrieved from The Wall Street Journal:  http://blogs.wsj.com/numbersguy/counting-voter-fraud-1165/ 

Demby, G. (2012, August 16). Pennsylvania Voter ID Law: Mike Turzai Repeats Debunked Myth About Election Fraud. Retrieved from Huffington Post:  http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/16/pennsylvania-voter-id-law_n_1790844.html 

Plunder, J. (2012, August 19). Ohio Republicans finally admit limited hours intended to suppress black voters. Retrieved from Plunderbund:  http://www.plunderbund.com/2012/08/19/ohio-republicans-finally-admit-limited-hours-intended-to-suppress-black-voters/

Discrimination

Employment Discrimination esearch Project

Employment Discrimination in the United States

What I already knew/What I wanted to know

The Federal Employment Opportunity (EEO) laws were established, during the civil rights movement, to protect employees from discrimination. According to Title VII of the Civil ights Act, employment discrimination because of race, color, religion, gender, and national origin is illegal. The Equal Pay Act protects workers against sex bias and salary discrimination. In addition, there are laws which protect people with disabilities, and employees over 40 years old from discrimination; such as, The Age Discrimination in Employment Act, the ehabilitation Act, and the Americans with Disabilities Act. Discrimination against people on the basis of their genetic information is also illegal. The Civil ights Act of 1991 allows employees who are intentionally discriminated against to receive monetary damages (U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2009).

In my opinion, the government has made significant…

References

(Biskupic J. 2011330)Biskupic, J. (2011, 3/30) retrieved April 22, 2011, from  http://www.usatoday.com/money/workplace/2011-03-29-supreme-court-wal-mart_N.htm 

(Donohue P. Marzulli J. 2010929)Donohue, P., & Marzulli, J. (2010, September 29). Retrieved April 22, 2011, from  http://www.nydailynews.com/ny_local/2010/09/29/2010-09-29_transit_workers_headgear_suit_gets_judges_nod.html 

(Fieler A 20091103 Baltimore Jewish Times) Fieler, A. (2009, November 3). Baltimore Jewish Times. Retrieved April 22, 2011, from  http://www.jewishtimes.com/index.php/jewishtimes/news/jt/local_news/brothers_allege_workplace_anti-semitism/15407 

(Hardin M. 2010 EEOC sues Brown Palace Hotel) Hardin, M. (2010). EEOC sues Brown Palace Hotel. Retrieved April 25, 2011, from  http://www.bizjournals.com/denver/stories/2010/07/19/daily39.html

Positive Discrimination -- Do We Need it?

For centuries, the global community has strived to eliminate discrimination against minority groups. For centuries, women had been emotionally and/or physically abused; they were prohibited from voting and working. Today, they are allowed to work outside the household, but they are still paid less than their male counterparts. Additionally, the responsibility of raising the children and completing the household chores remains heavily preponderant among the female categories.

The women represent one of the most obvious categories of people discriminated against; but they only represent a mere fraction of the overall population subjected to discrimination. And the grounds for the discrimination are multiple, to include anything and everything from gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, political and religious appurtenance, age or disability.

The modern day society is making intense efforts to ensure that discrimination is eliminated -- or at least decreased to the minimum level…

References:

Barnes, C., Disabled people in Britain and discrimination: a case for anti-discrimination legislation, (1991)

Bentham, J., Jeremy Bentham to his fellow-citizens of France, on houses of Peers and Senates, (1830)

Carr, E.A., Attitudes toward and knowledge of affirmative action in higher education, (2007)

Edwards, J., Batley, R., The politics of positive discrimination: an evaluation of the Urban Programme, 1967-77, (1980)

History Of Discrimination From Legislation to the Present Day

There are various form of discrimination that have been in existence over the decades, racism is just one of the oldest and most prevailing kind of discrimination. acism is the belief that a race of people is inferior to another. Various practices in the U.S. are seen to be motivated by racism and these include the slave trade where humans are treated as property that is disposable, without any rights and privileges. It was mainly practiced in southern U.S. until the civil war when it was outlawed by the 13th amendment. Job discrimination is also widespread and involves exclusion of people from jobs due to their race which was outlawed on a national level in 1964.segregaton in public places, schools, sports and other places was also in existence but was outlawed in 1964. Denial of voting rights like literacy tests, poll…

References

NSW Business Chamber.(2012). Vicarious Liability. Retrieved February 12, 2014 from  http://www.workplaceinfo.com.au/resources/employment-topics-a-z/vicarious-liability 

Naomi, A, L.(2009).Motivational strategies and their impact on productivity. Retrieved February 12,2014 from http://dspace.knust.edu.gh:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/4257/1/Aryeetey%20Loretta%20Naomi.pdf

Fair work Ombudsman.(2012).Types of Discrimination. Retrieved February 12, 2014 from  http://www.fairwork.gov.au/employment/discrimination/pages/types-of-discrimination.aspx

Disparity and Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System

Discrimination in the justice system is the dissimilarity based on the difference in treatment given to people regardless of their qualifications or behavior. The criminal justice system has different forms of discrimination including pure justice, contextual discrimination, institutionalized discrimination, and systematic discrimination. Every stage of the criminal justice system experiences systematic discrimination. Further, this form of discrimination occurs without variation in all corners of the world. This implies that systematic discrimination happens when a certain gender, ethnic, age or race group encounters discrimination in different parts of the world. Critics are of the opinion systematic discrimination does not exist while other believes that it exists when groups of people encounter consistent discrimination in the criminal justice system (obinson & Williams, 2009).

Institutionalized discrimination is associated with disparities in the results and not in the policies. Institutionalized discrimination is based on the aspect…

References

Mustard, B. (2009). Racial, ethnic, and gender disparities in sentencing: Evidence from the U.S.

Federal Courts. New York: Springer.

Robinson, M. & Williams, M. (2009). The myth of a fair criminal justice system. South Carolina:

Edward Elgar Publishing.

Newspaper Opinion Editorial

With advances in genetic studies, Canadians can learn if they are at risk of developing devastating diseases -- and so can their insurance companies. Genetic discrimination is growing as an increasing number of people are opting for genetic tests, including people at risk of developing Huntington's disease, a degenerative brain disorder that cannot presently be cured or slowed. Children of parents with Huntington's disease have a 50% chance of developing the disorder, and genetic testing can narrow the probability ratio even further.

Genetic discrimination is unfair and the result of faulty, speculative thinking. Genetic discrimination is misleading also misleading as it is based on probability prediction, which can be absolutely incorrect. Genetic discrimination is defined as "the differential treatment of asymptomatic individuals or their relatives on the basis of their real or assumed genetic characteristics. Consider that for many individuals whose parents do have Huntington's disease, only…

Sources:

Ethical Issues in Genetic Testing. (2008, June). Number 410. The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [Web]. Retrieved  http://www.acog.org/ 

Resources%20And%20Publications/Committee%20Opinios/Committee%20on%20Ethics/Ethical%20Issues%20in%20Genetic%20Testing.aspx

CTV.ca News Staff (2009, June 9). Some Canadians suffering 'genetic discrimination.' Bell Media. Retrieved  http://www.ctvnews.ca/some-canadians-suffering-genetic-discrimination-1.406308 

Lapman, E.V., Kozma, C. And Weiss, J. (1996, October 25). Science, 274. Genetic discrimination: Perspectives of consumers.

integrate readings Chapters 5 & 6 Pynes, J.E.(2013). Human resources management public nonprofit organizations: A strategic approach (4th ed.). Jossey-Bass: San Francisco response: Case Study: Reeves, Chapter 3: Some Counselors More Equal Others website information http://prezi.

The case study relates to a situation involving state employees being discriminated on account of their gender. Rose Paddock, the central actor in this case, complained with regard to how the Department of Labor was inclined to favor men by providing them with bigger salaries in spite of the fact that their jobs entailed the same duties and qualifications as jobs that were probable to be occupied by women. The job under discussion, an Employment Counselor position in the Department of Human Services, has an equivalent job in the Department of Labor. The latter is paid better and the fact that there are more men in the Department of Labor while there are more…

Works cited:

Pynes, J.E. (2004). "Human Resources Management for Public and Nonprofit Organizations." John Wiley & Sons.

Reeves, T.Z. (2006). "Cases in public human resource management." Thomson Wadsworth.

Price Discrimination and elated Concepts

In this paper, we will discuss some basic concepts regarding price discrimination and its related topics. We will first choose a product and outline its market structure, then by using a technique as described in the article written by Michael E. Porter we will discuss how the price of our chosen product should be decided so that profits are maximized. Finally, we will discuss how the pricing technique would affect the profit, supply and demand of each segment of our market. For the reader to have a more general and easy idea regarding these mentioned concepts, we have chosen Pepsi as our main product.

Market structure

Pepsi is a global brand which originated in the United States more than a century ago. It is a carbonated water drink and it also owns many different subsidiaries alongside its main product such as mineral water and other…

References

Furtwengler, D. (2010). Pricing for profit. New York: American Management Association.

Reitlinger, G. (1961). The Economics of Taste. London: Barrie and Rockliff.

Tye, W. (1990). The Theory of Contestable Markets. New York: Greenwood Press.

Presence of minority groups at a workplace

At work places, individuals are being discriminated on the basis of being a minority. Structural theory states clearly there is always a consequence for being the minority. This theory is in relation to three known token dynamics which include; it leads to contrast effect that leads to social isolation, it has the element of visibility that results to performance pressure and it also results to stereotyping or role encapsulation (Bell, 2007). Discrimination may be as a result of the individual (from the minority group) being scrutinized to find out whether he/she is capable to excel in whatever he/she is doing. From this theory, an individual whom the public does not associate his/her presence with a certain kind of work is more doubted than a person whom they have faith that he/she can handle the work. For example, a woman with mechanic skills can…

References

Alon, S., & Haberfeld, Y. (2007). Labor force attachment and the evolving wage gap between White, Black, and Hispanic young women. Work and Occupations, 34, 369-398.

Byron, R.A. (2010). Discrimination, Complexity, and the Public/Private Sector Question. Work and Occupations, 37(4), 435-475. doi: 10.1177/0730888410380152

Bell, M.P. (2007). Diversity in organizations. Arlington: South-Western Cenage Learning.

Couch, K.A., & Fairlie, R. (2010). Last hired, first fired? Black-White unemployment and the business cycle. Demography, 47, 227-247.

Workplace discrimination can be understood as an inappropriate, unjustifiable treatment towards a person or a set of people at the workplace. Such undesirable treatment is based more often on people's race, ethnicity, age, marital status, sex or other describing characteristics (Australian Human Rights Commission, n.d). Workplace discrimination can give the impression of a repudiation of particular civil liberties, neglectful treatment, deliberate undervaluing of an employee's character or work outcomes and attainments. Workplace discrimination is not only done by the employee but by the fellow employees or peers and other superiors as well. Workplace discrimination, although often not as blatant as in previous periods, continues to proliferate across organizations and on a global level. Fittingly regarded as modern discrimination, discriminatory behavior in the present day is time and again categorized by elusive and clandestine behaviors that can edge below regulations and organizational guidelines (Marchiondo et al., 2015).
Types of Discrimination in…

Such a work environment that is characterized by high levels of reverse discrimination becomes a hostile one. This has negative effects on the performance and efficiency of the employees that work in such an environment. This leads to reduced productivity of the company in case. Therefore, the company must develop and implement strategies that focus on improving the activity of its employees in order to increase the productivity of the company and maintain its competitive advantage and strong position in comparison with its competitors.

The modern theory and practice of organizational culture encourage and support equality between employees. In order to ensure that such an environment that promotes equality is applicable, companies and their managers tends to favor the member of minority groups in the detriment of the dominant group members. As revealed above, this creates tension between employees. Those that are disfavored by such policies will interfere with the…

Reference list:

1. Hogg, M. & Vaughan, G. (2008). Social Psychology. Pearson Education Ltd. Retrieved November 8, 2010 from  http://books.google.ro/books?id=7MtEr4r2pRcC&pg=PA369&lpg=PA369&dq=reverse+discrimination+effects&source=bl&ots=4IfDXGCV9k&sig=YEAywY3O2mtgWC2sgUNS2UQCOCs&hl=ro&ei=uB7YTP7MIcv2sgakwsnaCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CDIQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=reverse%20discrimination%20effects&f=false .

2. Pincus, F. (2003). Reverse Discrimination. Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc. Retrieved November 8, 2010 from  http://books.google.ro/books?id=JN3N3EmaIuIC&printsec=frontcover&dq=reverse+discrimination&source=bl&ots=QIGZNR_vd5&sig=pUUonUYq_6QUqlRNAAASKy6hWFo&hl=ro&ei=WpHYTP3NHonvsgafj4iGCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CC4Q6AEwBg#v=onepage&q&f=false .

3. Affirmative Action (2009). Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved November 8, 2010 from  http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/affirmative-action/ .

4. Unintended Negative Effects of Diversity Management (2002). Entrepreneur. Retrieved November 8, 2010 from  http://www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/160542376.html .

Goodyear which effectively denied employees the right to sue for wage discrimination after the passing of 180 days that "Justice Ruth ader Ginsberg was so incensed she read her scathing dissent aloud from the bench. She defended Lilly Ledbetter's right to sue her employer, Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., Inc. For pay discrimination on the basis of sex, giving a not-so-gentle reminder of the realities of the American workplace." (Steiger, 2007) Specifically written by Justice Ginsburg is that as follows:

worker knows immediately if she is denied a promotion or transfer, if she is fired or refused employment. And promotions, transfers, hirings, and firings are generally public events, known to co-workers. When an employer makes a decision of such open and definitive character, an employee can immediately seek out an explanation and evaluate it for pretext. Compensation disparities, in contrast, are often hidden from sight." (Steiger, 2007)

Steiger reports that…

Bibliography

Abrams, Jim (2009) House Approves Bill to Fight Wage Discrimination. Yahoo News. 9 Jan 2009. Online available at  http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090109/ap_on_go_co/pay_equity 

Barko, N. (2000. June 19). The Other Gender Gap. (Online) Available  http://www.prospect.org/archives/V11-15/barko-n.html .

Bland, T.S. (1999, July). Equal Pay Enforcement Heats Up. HR Magazine, p. 138-145.

Bland, T.S., Nail, T.N., Knox, D.P. (2000, May). OFCCP, White House push comparable worth. HR News, p. 22-24.

.....social injustice and inequality. First, literature related to the fundamentals of discrimination and descriptions of gender discrimination are discussed in the literature. Following a detailed discussion of what the literature says about gender discrimination, the literature review shifts toward the quantifiable effects of gender discrimination in the workplace. Effects are examined both in terms of measurable effects on organizations and individuals.

Fundamentals of Discrimination

Discrimination is unfortunately pervasive in the workplace. Described as an "inaccurate perception of differences," discrimination can be based on independent variables like race, gender, language, and other demographics (Cleveland, Vescio & Barnes-Farrell, p. 149). The differences perceived are "inaccurate," and also have a direct impact on status, access to power, and access to avenues of promotion or pay increases. Most literature frames discrimination as being "subtle and covert," well concealed from the realms of legal scrutiny, and often difficult to define precisely (Marchiondo, Ran & Cortina,…

.....social injustice and inequality. First, literature related to the fundamentals of discrimination and descriptions of gender discrimination are discussed in the literature. Following a detailed discussion of what the literature says about gender discrimination, the literature review shifts toward the quantifiable effects of gender discrimination in the workplace. Effects are examined both in terms of measurable effects on organizations and individuals.

Fundamentals of Discrimination

Discrimination is unfortunately pervasive in the workplace. Described as an "inaccurate perception of differences," discrimination can be based on independent variables like race, gender, language, and other demographics (Cleveland, Vescio & Barnes-Farrell, p. 149). The differences perceived are "inaccurate," and also have a direct impact on status, access to power, and access to avenues of promotion or pay increases. Most literature frames discrimination as being "subtle and covert," well concealed from the realms of legal scrutiny, and often difficult to define precisely (Marchiondo, Ran & Cortina,…

Disparity and Discrimination

The history of criminal justice and race.

The racial makeup of the criminal justice system.

The misunderstanding between discrimination and disparity.

How disparity and discrimination are addressed in the criminal justice system.

The difference between discrimination and disparity.

scholarly articles - each addressing an aspect of criminal justice.

How race and disparity are seen in the criminal justice system.

How race and discrimination are seen in the criminal justice system.

The treatment of criminals regardless of race.

An examination of the information collected from the articles.

Information regarding what the information means to the criminal justice system.

Recommendations

How to help the criminal justice system deal with race appropriately.

How discrimination can be avoided in favor of naturally-occurring disparity.

Conclusion

The future of discrimination and disparity in the criminal justice system.

What can be done to improve race relations when it comes to criminal justice.

Reference List…

Bibliography

Binswanger, I.A., Redmond, N., Steiner, J.F., & Hicks, L.S. 2011. Health disparities and the criminal justice system: An agenda for further research and action. Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 1-10.

Crutchfield, R.D., Skinner, M.L., Haggerty, K.P., McGlynn, A., & Catalano, R.F. 2009. Racial disparities in early criminal justice involvement. Race and Social Problems, 1(4): 218-230.

Davis, A.J. 2008. Racial fairness in the criminal justice system: The role of the prosecutor. 39 Columbia Journal of Human Rights Law Review 202: 202-230.

Garland, B.E., Spohn, C., & Wodahl, E.J. 2008. Racial disproportionality in the American prison population: Using the Blumstein Method to address the critical race and justice issues of the 21st century. Justice Policy Journal, 5(2). 1-42. Retrieved from  http://www.cjcj.org/files/racial_disproportionality.pdf

and, as mentioned before, discrimination allows for a more flexible reallocation of capital, benefiting the customer by increasing research and development of other goods and services.

In the article "Taken to the Cleaners?" The author presents a real world case where dry cleaners are seemingly arbitrarily using price discrimination to mark up the price of dry cleaning for women's blouses vs. men's shirts. This is definitely a third-degree price discrimination, where different consumer's pay different prices. There are two separate markets, one composed entirely of men (or women who wear men's clothes), and the other composed entirely of women. Each is forced to pay different amounts for essentially the same service, thus this is price discrimination of the third degree. (Taken to the Cleaners?, 1998)

There are many real life examples of price discrimination. Take, for instance, the ubiquitous feature of most bars and nightclubs, "Ladies' Night," which offers discounts…

Works Cited

Price Discrimination. (2008). Retrieved June 25, 2010 from Economics Help:  http://www.economicshelp.org/?microessays/?pd/ ? price-discrimination.html.

Price Discrimination. (2008). Retrieved June 25, 2010 from Spiritus-Temporis: http://www.spiritus-temporis.com/?price-discrimination/? examples-of-price-discrimination.html.

Taken to the Cleaners? (1998). Retrieved June 25, 2010 from Slate: