Eleanor Roosevelt Served Effectively as the First

Eleanor Roosevelt served effectively as the First Lady in the administrations of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, but her legacy goes far deeper than her advocacy activities as First Lady. This paper briefly reviews Eleanor Roosevelt's career, her advocacy as First Lady, and more fully her profoundly important involvement in the creation and adoption of the United Nations' Declaration of Human Rights.

Eleanor Roosevelt's Brief Biography -- and Involvement as First Lady

Eleanor Roosevelt was born in New York City on October 11, 1884 (she died November 7, 1962). Her father was Elliott Roosevelt (brother of President Theodore Roosevelt) and her mother was Anna Hall. She lost both her parents when she was a child and lived with her grandmother, Mrs. Valentine G. Hall; she was tutored privately until the age of 15 when she attended a boarding school for girls in England, according to the Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and…… [Read More]

Eleanor Roosevelt Was Born in

Eleanor was an activist for civil and women rights, in American political scenario, we have experienced the imbalanced gender ration in the house of congress, the states representatives in their various capacities, may be if Eleanor were alive today, we would not have seen this gender parity that exists. The issues pertaining to the civil rights would have been addressed more readily and respect would have been accorded to the various people who have now and then tried to move with the same spirit, issues of assassination would never have experience as a result of lobbying for civil rights, for instance, the death of Edgar Evers assassination in the year 1962 which saw more than 200,000 civil rights protester march in Washington. Perhaps many women leaders would have risen, with her support and her role of lobbying for women in their various capacities. The passing of civil rights act would…… [Read More]

Eleanor Roosevelt The Critique Is

" Her intelligence enabled her to come up with solutions to various problems in the real world. As an illustration, she identified the fat that women reporters were being unfairly treated. She stood up for them publicly and this saw the situation change. his indicated that she had a high level of practical knowledge. Practical knowledge is described as the ability to comprehend the day-to-day problems (Mayer, 2007).

Eleanor Roosevelt was also very confident because she stood up for her beliefs, took a lot of risks to voice her opinion and tackled her challenges straight in the head. She was the society's mouthpiece and openly fought against racial segregation. As an illustration, she resigned from being a leader at the Daughters of the Revolution when they banned an African-American from singing in their meetings as pointed out by Williams (2005). Eleanor Roosevelt openly used her position as the first lady…… [Read More]

Roosevelt's Fireside Chats Radio Broadcast

Part 2

1. Describe the main tenants in the New Deal.

The New Deal was the set of federal programs launched by President Franklin D. Roosevelt after taking office in 1933, in response to the calamity of the Great Depression.

2. Draw a concept map of the New Deal.

3. The New Deal was a launching pad into World War II. Do you think that this process was helpful or not helpful in the long run?

The New Deal was helpful because it helped lift a country out of a depression. WWII was a necessary war that needed to be fought by America.

4. What is your opinion of Roosevelt exceeding the two term presidential limit? Do you feel that this was right? Would you like to see it happen again?

Roosevelt violated the Constitution and should not have been elected past a second term. This is the only time…… [Read More]

Presidential Spouses

First Lady is to live in the spotlight. Like it or not, the First Lady is a role model for thousands of women, not just in the United States, but also worldwide. What she says, what she does, how she conducts herself in certain situations, even how she chooses to decorate the White House -- these things and more are all examined by the people and the press and given close scrutiny.

Three First Ladies who each had to deal with criticism, controversy, and pressure in their time are Eleanor Roosevelt, arbara ush, and Nancy Reagan. This paper will examine each of them in turn and compare and contrast their influence, impact, and character as First Lady.

Eleanor Roosevelt was a thoroughly modern woman for her time and refused to adopt the stereotypes and confining image of women as they were in her day. She was strong, outspoken (although painfully…… [Read More]

Neo-Confucianism Is a Philosophy Which Was Born TEST1

musical style epitomized the 1920s? Jazz

What did John Steinbeck describe in he Grapes of Wrath? he dust bowl and its impact on agricultural families during the great depression.

National Industrial Recovery Act? An act created by President Roosevelt to stimulate the economy by allowing the government to regulate particular industries.

What did the Civilian Conservation Corps do? Created jobs on state and national lands to stimulate the economy.

What did Eleanor Roosevelt see as her primary role as First Lady? o be an advocate for civil rights

Which of the following was not true concerning the election of 1936? Incomplete Question

Which of the following pieces of legislation was an attempt at campaign reform in the late 1930s? Incomplete Question

he National Resources Planning Board facilitated? he National Resources Planning Board facilitated creating and implementing employment for young men during the great depression.

What feature of the Agricultural Adjustment…… [Read More]

Depression and Censoring the American

The vey cux of the agument comes to the cental point of censoship -- who must be potected and why must they be potected? Ideas, political, social, o othewise, may be the most dangeous fom of liteatue eve. Fo instance, in 19th centuy autocatic egimes, the ideas of Kal Max, even Voltaie, Locke, and Jeffeson wee seen to be subvesive because they challenged the ode of things, the idea that the monachy should ule by divine ight, and that cetain people had, by manifest destiny, the ight to be moe equal than othes. So, too, do images and vebiage change ove time egading public acceptance. At the tun of the centuy bathing suits coveed almost 90% of the human body, and a day at the beach would've been fa diffeent had some of today's skimpy G-stings o bikinis shown up. Similaly, sexual activity was hinted at fom the ealy days…… [Read More]

Political Science Japanese Internment

internment camps for the Japanese that were set up and implemented by president Franklin D. oosevelt. The writer explores the history leading up to the decision and the decision itself. There were six sources used to complete this paper.

When Japan attacked Pearl Harbor the American public was outraged and stunned. American citizens had lived with a false sense of security for many years that the soil of the United States was off limits. The Civil War and the American evolution were long in the past and residents believed that the world at large would be to afraid to attack a nation as strong and powerful as the United States. The attack came without warning, killing thousands who were within its grasp. When the smoke had cleared and the bombs had stopped, the nation turned a fearful eye to the white house for guidance. At the time the president was…… [Read More]

Progressive Movement in America Changed the Way America Worked and Lived

Progressivism began as a social movement and evolved into a political movement, according to materials published by George Washington University (www.gwu.edu). Early in the social movement progressives were concerned about poverty, racism, greed and "class warfare," and they believed that those problems could be best addressed through education, a safer environment, and a workplace that was fair and safe (www.gwu.edu). Who were those considered to be progressives? The George Washington University narrative explains that they live "mostly in the cities," they had graduated from colleges and universities, and their beliefs included the belief that "…government could be a tool for change" -- and among the most vocal and visible social reformers / progressives were Jane Addams and journalists Jacob Riis and Ida Tarbel (www.gwu.edu).

Progressive journalists wrote investigative pieces that exposed "the evils of corporate greed" and they presented a balanced view of immigration and ethnicities, all the time "…urging…… [Read More]

Certain Trumpets

Trumpets

In the appendix to his book Certain Trumpets, author Garry ills states, "I was not looking for the greatest or best leaders but those who can be seen, at some point in their career, exemplifying a distinctive kind of leadership," (271). For each of the sixteen leadership styles ills outlines, he puts forth one notable human figure who he feels most aptly demonstrates through their life the essential features of that kind of leader. hat each of these disparate leaders demonstrates, in spite of their differences, is a sphere of influence specific to their lifestyles, cultural context, personality, and talents. Each of these leaders was successful in leaving an impact on the world even though their approaches to leadership differed greatly. Eleanor Roosevelt, an almost reluctant leader who walked solidly between the two poles of radicalism and conservatism, exemplified the ability to execute reform in American political and social…… [Read More]

Interdisciplinary Approaches to Learning How

65). By controlling these two aspects of a scientific experiment, researchers are able to establish the specific causality of the phenomenon being studied. In this regard, Kahle and iley note that, "Traditionally, causality is established through strict control and randomization over all other factors while experimentally manipulating the variable or variables in question" (2004, p. 165). Finally, Gliner and Morgan (2000) report that the internal validity (discussed further below) and the ability to infer causality based on the results of a study can be enhanced through the random assignment of the participants to intervention vs. control groups.

b.

What is meant by internal validity and external validity in leadership research and discuss three factors within each (internal and external) validity factor?

Internal validity. According to Chandler and Lyon, generally speaking, "Validity refers to the establishment of evidence that the measurement is actually measuring the intended construct. Measures can be reliable…… [Read More]

Justice and Human Rights Part

The potentially socialist tone of these articles can explain a delay up through the Cold War, but it does not excuse delaying ratification into the twenty-first century. Upon further review, the socialist motive for delaying ratification does not stand.

Part 2, Topic 4: The wandan Genocide

On April 6, 1994, the plane of wandan President Juvenal Habyarimana was shot down over Kigali airport, the main airport for wanda, a small country in Central Africa.. Habyarimana was killed in the crash, as was the Burundian president, Cyprien Ntaryamira. The President was a Hutu, the majority in wanda. Many believe the Tutsis, the minority in wanda, perpetrated the shooting. Some say Hutu extremists, to give them an excuse for what happened next, committed the murder. Within hours of the president's death, angry Hutus took to the streets and sought out those who supported peace between the Hutus and the Tutsis. They did…… [Read More]

Justice and Human Rights the

S. history would not have been fought if it had already been established that human beings were entitled to certain rights and not subject to enslavement.

3. Despite being a woman in a very male-dominated world, it is fair to say that Eleanor Roosevelt was absolutely instrumental in getting the UDHR passed. One of the goals in establishing the United Nations (UN) was to guarantee some type of protection for human rights; the problem was that the UN charter did not define human rights. Furthermore, there was no global consensus regarding the definition of human rights. Eleanor Roosevelt became chairman of the committee to draft the UDHR. Though Roosevelt was a well-respected and admired woman, who had political experience from her years as First Lady, she had no official diplomatic experience. Therefore, some questioned whether she was up to the task of engaging in such large-scale diplomacy. However, she proved…… [Read More]

Spending Time Reflecting on the Lives and

spending time reflecting on the lives and accomplishments of Fannie Coralie Perkins, Betty Friedan, Eleanor Roosevelt, Margaret Louisa Higgins, and Ida B. Wells-Barnet, a number of responses come to mind. First, it is important to note what makes each of these women unique and how they contributed uniquely to society. Second, it is important to note how they are all similar and how the contributed collectively to the evolution of women in society.

Fannie Coralie Perkins was born in the late 19th Century and lived 85 years (until 1965). Almost 20 years after (1982) her death, Perkins was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame, an honor bestowed upon her posthumously because of the substantial mark she left on history. One of the defining moments that sparked her interest in issues of social justice and, subsequently her life's work, was her witness of the "Triangle Shirtwaist Fire," where several…… [Read More]

United States Foreign Policy in

2005). Instead of economic and military interventionism, the new American leadership proposed relations based on commerce and, more importantly, diplomacy. The United States would therefore keep interventionism at a minimum.

Because it was based on a keen common sense and core values, FDR's vision came to be known as the "good neighbor" foreign policy. Together with his wife Eleanor, FDR drew up the blueprints for a system based on "common ideals and a community of interest, together with a spirit of cooperation." Rather than seeing other nations as means to promote American interests, FDR believed that American well-being depended heavily on the well-being of its satellite countries as well. This was a direct contrast to the paternalistic attitude that characterized interventionism.

As a result of these non-interventionist policies, FDR was able to build much more goodwill. Thus, by World War II, many Western nations threw their support behind the Allies.…… [Read More]

Vigilance and Discretion Defeat the Hun This

Vigilance and Discretion Defeat the Hun?

This question cannot be answered satisfactorily without first acknowledging a conflict. The Hun (used to represent Nazi Germany in the article, but certainly with wider application) is an enemy against whom I am pitted. Winston Churchill told the U.S. Congress, also referring to the Germans, "The Hun is always at your throat or at your feet." In the contest between the Hun and me, there are but two roles -- the victor or the vanquished and I wish to be the former.

Vigilance requires that I never grow complacent. In the contest between us, there is no standing still. Like walking up an escalator the wrong way, if I stop walking I am moving backward. Thomas Jefferson said, "The price of liberty is eternal vigilance." Eleanor Roosevelt called it "constant vigilance." It is as if these Americans felt that the natural order of things,…… [Read More]

John F Kennedy

John F. Kennedy

In contemporary times, John F. Kennedy is known for many things; winning a Pulitzer Prize, however, is not one of them (Coleman). Kennedy's awarding of the Pulitzer in 1957 -- a full four years before he was elected president of the United States -- for the biographical Profiles in Courage was one of his few achievements that he made prior to his election that did not directly involve his equally famous and influential family, including two brothers who also ran for president (Miller Center). Such a statement in no way detracts from Kennedy's prowess as a politician or as a leader. Yet it is highly difficult to extract his success as president from the intrinsic relationship between his family and his political life. In fact, there is a good deal of evidence that indicates that Kennedy's ensuing success as the commander-in-chief (for which he, of course, is…… [Read More]

Rights vs Responsibilities the Conflict

Unfortunately, those not exercising this "right," that is the traditional two-parent families bear the brunt of these phenomena. Their incomes are heavily taxed to bear the burden of the "rights" of those who are passing the bill on without paying their fair share.

This brings up what Mr. Lloyd calls the other "R"-responsibility. The emphasis upon rights has impoverished the social discourse. For rights to be meaningful and workable, they have to have a context or framework to exist in. This is where responsibility comes in. hat differentiates Mr. Lloyd from other authorities is that he deepens the definition of responsibilities beyond simply recognizing and protecting other people's "rights." He is reaching for the stuff that holds countries together, that is the type of responsibility that builds communities. For this reason, advocates a return to the biblical heritage upon which British and American constitutional concepts rest (Lloyd, 2008).

J.B. illiams…… [Read More]

Edith Bolling Galt Wilson An

She hid the severity of ilson's condition from the public, controlling access to him to everyone except herself and his doctors for a time (Thurston). However, historical evidence suggests that ilson was incredibly weakened by the stroke. Even controlling what reached him and what did not gave her a considerable amount of power. Her actions were barely within the confines of acceptability at the time. It is not surprising that many saw her as "President" at the time.

Historians debate whether to call her the first woman president, or whether, as she stated, she was only acting as ilson's help mate at the time. Certainly, in the context of her time period, she was acting as no women had ever dared in the past. Instead of going to the President's advisors and asking them for advice, she took on the role herself, essentially snubbing their authority as males. She did…… [Read More]

Communications My Fantasy Dinner the

In addition, he is a fine speaker, and his opinions would be interesting to combine with the other guests. Along with Clinton, I would invite Eleanor Roosevelt, because she became known as a premier political leader after her husband's death, and she helped draft the Global Bill of Rights for the United Nations after World War II. I would want her perspectives on the world today, and what she would to help solve the world's problems. I would ask Theodore Roosevelt to attend, as he would add a note of frontiersman to the event, and I would especially like to hear his take on the world today, since he was known as a "maverick" of his time. I would also want to know his feelings on global warming, since he was such a champion of the National Parks, the West, and the outdoors. Finally, I would invite Thomas Jefferson. I…… [Read More]

U S History Background Report the

The lack of public support is one of the key factors that resulted to the failure of the U.S. There were false claims that the American government acted against people's aspirations and that the American youth protested against the war. Early initiatives of the United States under Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Truman obtained a lot of support. Only two members of the United States congress voted against giving Johnson the opportunity of waging the war in Vietnam

It was difficult to identify the enemy as Viet Cong merged with locals and only ambushed often at night. American terror campaigns hit their target, but failed to make the North Vietnamese surrender. A small portion of America considered their government as evil as even Walter Cronkite a CBS newscaster raised concern on the effectiveness of pursuing the war

In January 1973, President Nixon signed a truce that officially ended the resentments. Communist forces…… [Read More]

Women in History

omen to History

omen have contributed to the history of the world from the beginning of time. Their stories are found in legends, myths, and history books. Queens, martyrs, saints, and female warriors, usually referred to as Amazon omen, writers, artists, and political and social heroes dot our human history. By 1865, women moved into the public arena, as moral reform became the business of women, as they fought for immigrant settlement housing, fought and struggled for the right to earn living wages, and stood up to the threats of the lynch mobs. The years beginning in 1865 is known as the Civil ar era and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. It was a time of great changes, especially for African-American women such as Harriet Tubman and Sojourner Truth. omen of all races had to fight for equal rights, even the right to vote (http://women.eb.com/women/nineteenth09.html).omenhave indeed 'come a long…… [Read More]

Abigail Smith Adams This Is

d.). They moved among several homes before settling on a large farm they named "Peacefield." With Adam's absences, Abigail not only helped maintain the farm but managed it and handled the finances along with raising their three sons and two daughters -- three of which she would outlive.

After his election, Abigail Adams, despite her "activist" roles, was quite aware of her position as the President's wife and First Lady of the land. She served as hostess to the public. She greeted guest seated formally, a technique she learned at uckingham Palace. It was not that she considered herself royalty, but Abigail was a short lady at 5'1" and she felt more comfortable seated. Like all first ladies, she influenced fashions of the day, believing that the mode of dress in that day was too revealing (The National First Ladies Library, n.d.).

She was the first Lady to reside in…… [Read More]

America's Decision to Stay Out

The U.S. Debate over Membership in the League of Nations

After the end of orld ar I, the world was weary of war and the ravages that it had taken on the European continent and it would seem reasonable to suggest that policymakers on both sides of the Atlantic would be eager to form some type of league to resolve future conflicts. According to Margulies (1998), "Following the signing of the Treaty of Versailles at the Paris Peace Conference in June 1919, where he played a major role in negotiating that treaty, which established the League of Nations, President oodrow ilson turned his attention to persuading the U.S. Senate to ratify the new treaty" (273). The Senate of the 66th Congress was almost equally divided between the Republican Party with 49 and the Democrats who fielded 47 senators (Marguilies). Although the president could rely on the majority of the Democrats…… [Read More]

Justice' for All' Possible the

IV. ARRIERS to 'JUSTICE 'FOR ALL'

There are barriers that stand in the way of all individuals experiencing the same level of justice as other experience and these barriers may include those which are structural and socio-economic as well as other barriers to justice which include gender, race, and ethnicity. In other words, there are barriers effectively in place barring individuals from being on the receiving end of an equal level of justice based upon their socio-economic status even if the barriers of race and ethnicity are not present while someone of the same race in another region of the world or a different country area that will be on the receiving end of an inequity in justice based solely on the individual's race.

V. EXAMINATION of FACTORS AFFECTING JUSTICE

Cultural and societal barriers for justice include the barriers faced by individuals in a society that does not speak the…… [Read More]

Management and Organizational Behaviour Why

Most personal activities are dependent upon the input of smaller groups like the immediate family or friends or cousins or colleagues which could include academic choices, outings, etc. Most social activities are founded around and are bound to the formation of a large group and the success of that group in working together whether it is in offices, industries, sports, NGOs, media, etc.

The deficiency of a firm foundation and structure of social needs does negatively affect an individual's social behavior and interaction with others. Some of the affects of the absence of social needs is that the individual can go through elements of frustration, loneliness and depression (Wahba & Bridgewell, 1976).

In Turner's case, the absence of the fulfillment of the social needs was the biggest factor that caused him to react the way that he did and behave the way that he did. As aforementioned, he came to…… [Read More]

Wii Women Pilots the Advent

71), and female pilots became indispensable for getting the air "ships" where they needed to go.

omen with strong ambition and patriotic goals began fervently taking flying lessons to join the ferry crews. Yvonne Pateman finished her seventy-five hours of required flying time to become eligible for the program, but had never learned how to drive a car (illenz p.72).

Two groups of women pilots became formally recognized by the U.S. government, although not part of the military. The omen's Airforce Service Pilots, or ASPS, were trained by Army personnel at the U.S. Army base in Sweetwater, Texas, and included the Air Transport Command, or ATC, directed by Nancy Love.

The ASPS began flying more dangerous missions, participating in training and test piloting. Pilot Yvonne Pateman recalled,

They were also called upon to fly planes with targets so that troops could practice shooting at them. There were casualties, both during…… [Read More]

Women's History Phyllis Schlafly Wrote

Many women took up the cause of temperance. omen like Jane Adams, worked to expose political corruption and economic exploitation and established philanthropic programs for the poor.

By 1900 over one-third of the wage-earning women in this country were employed as domestics or waitresses." As business grew, the privileged class grew. Domestics were in demand and were expected to do every kind of household chore in addition to cooking, serving, laundry, sewing, and anything else required by her mistress.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony in 1865 joined in their work to equalize the rights of men and women. They declared that women had a natural right to happiness, and the opportunities and advantages, and denied that women were made simply for men and that her best interests must be "sacrificed to his will" (Kerber, pg. 225).

In 1923, a feminist conference in Seneca Falls, New York developed a…… [Read More]

Jane Addams

Jane Addams: Honor Before Popularity

Jane Addams wanted many things in her life, but first and foremost, she wanted to live a life that was useful and of service to others. Before orld ar I, Addams was probably the most beloved woman in America. "In a newspaper poll that asked, "ho among our contemporaries are of the most value to the community?" Jane Addams was second, after Thomas Edison." (p. 28) Jane Addams promoted her democratic ideals as the founder of a settlement house, educator, author, labor advocate, and suffragist. But more than that, she maintained a lifestyle that reflected those beliefs and left a legacy of democratic values behind her.

Addams lectured and wrote widely on her views. She published the first of many books, Democracy and Social Ethics, in 1902. She influenced children and women's labor laws, welfare procedures, industrial standards, workplace safety, and the juvenile court system,…… [Read More]

Maslow's Models in His Experiments

Maslow gave them that self-meaning and appreciation and became one of the pioneers of a movement that brought the focus of individual feeling, yearning and wholeness into psychology. He sort of read them out and spoke their thoughts, feelings and aspirations for them. He devoted much energy to humanistic psychology and the human potential and inaugurated the "fourth force" in psychology towards the end of his life. The first force consisted of Freud and other depth psychologists; the second force, the behaviorists; his own humanism and European existentialism, the third. This fourth force was made up of transpersonal psychologies that derived from European philosophies, which examined meditation, higher consciousness levels and para-psychological phenomena and which reacted against the then dominant psychoanalysis and behaviorism schools of the 20th century. Among the most prominent European philosophers were Kierkegaard, Husserl and Heidegger and the most prominent in the humanist/existential group were Carl Rogers,…… [Read More]

Idealism the Teacher Smiles Full of Joy

Idealism

The teacher smiles, full of joy at the opportunity to teach. As an idealist, he or she embodies the optimal instructor, hearkening to the model of the ancients like Socrates. Classics of philosophy and literature form the basis of the teacher's educational philosophy. Educated at one of the best universities in the nation if not the world, the idealist educator uses his or her educational credentials to pass on wisdom to new and younger students. Serving through example, the educational idealist teaches in the vein of the ancient wisdom philosophies.

Classics, such as the texts of ancient Greece, Rome, India, and China, serve as the fundamental models for teaching. The teacher is at once an authoritarian figure and a friend: one who is hip to the current social norms but also strictly versed in the classics. ith one foot in the world of progressivism and the other in the…… [Read More]

PSI System and Other Educational

Summary

The Keller/PSI approach to academic and professional training has been documented to improve student performance as measured by course completion rates and subject matter retention among students. On the other hand, there are considerable practical and technical problems implementing the Keller/PSI approach within traditional educational institutions. Meanwhile, there is little if any empirical evidence suggesting precisely how the Keller/PSI model benefits learning outside of the focus on the reduced deadline orientation that is the hallmark of that teaching methodology.

Substantial evidence exists to suggest that the success of the Keller/PSI approach is actually attributable to other changes typically attributable to Keller/PSI, such as the broadening of the range of media of instruction, despite the fact that those changes are natural consequences of the Keller/PSI design rather than deliberately conceived components of the approach. The empirical evidence of the increased success of CAPSI programs further bolsters that argument.

A wealth…… [Read More]

Arts Music Film Literature and Theatre

1939, John Steinbeck published his novel The Grapes of rath, and that same year the film version of the story was released. The film was directed by John Ford and was very popular, and the book and the film together reached millions of people. In writing this novel, Steinbeck reflected many of the social, economic, and political currents of the time. The story is set in the Great Depression era, and the Depression was still have its effect in 1939. hat would bring about the end of the Great Depression was already starting in Europe, meaning orld ar II, which does not impinge directly on the story of the Joad family but which we can see from our standpoint today was about to bring about massive changes in American society. The very nature of the story of the Joads, however, links that story to the Depression and its effect on…… [Read More]

Leadership in Nursing Mabel Keaton Staupers

Mabel Keaton Staupers

Leaders that have shaped the nursing profession over the years have demonstrated a tremendous capacity for growth and development and have had a profound impact on the progression and expansion of the field. In addition, nurse leaders have also provided inspiration and guidance to those considering a career in nursing through their commitment and example. In today's society, a nursing shortage requires that nurse leaders and managers must make sacrifices and develop new methods to manage staffing problems, quality of care issues, and ethical foundations for nursing care. Furthermore, nurse leaders must assure that their staff members receive continuous education and training opportunities to expand their knowledge base in order to provide the best possible patient care. Nurse leaders are often considered one of the key factors in the retention of younger nurses in the field, and their influence expands beyond the nursing unit.

In a historical…… [Read More]

1948 it Will Inform the Reader of

1948?" It will inform the reader of important events that occurred in the world in 1948. For America and the world, 1948 was a year in transition. World War II had ended, but there was still war in the world. America was entering into an era of prosperity, and families were engaging in the "baby boom." 1948 was a banner year for many improvements and innovations that would prove to be important in the years ahead.

War and Peace

It would seem that 1948 would be a year of peace, and that the world would be at peace after the horrors of World War II, but that is not the case. The State of Israel became reality in May 1948, and the day after it was created, the neighboring Arab nations of Egypt, Transjordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia declared war on the fledgling nation. First created as Palestine…… [Read More]

American Beauty and Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

American Beauty and Maslow's Hierarchy Of Needs

Abraham Maslow established the theory of a hierarchy of needs, believing that human beings are motivated by unsatisfied needs, and that certain lower needs must be satisfied before higher needs can be satisfied (Maslow's pp).

Rather than studying the neurotic or mentally ill, Maslow studied exemplary people such as Albert Einstein, Eleanor Roosevelt, and Frederick Douglas to determine how they came to be successful (Maslow's pp). Unlike Skinner and Freud, he believed that people are "basically trustworthy, self-protecting, and self-governing...and that humans tend toward growth and love" (Maslow's pp).

Maslow felt that although there is a continuous cycle of negativity, such as wars, murder, and deceit, he believed that violence is not what human nature is meant to be like, and occurs only because of and when human needs are thwarted (Maslow's pp). In other words, people defend themselves by violent means, only…… [Read More]

Motivation in the Workplace

Workplace Motivation

This paper investigates the issue of motivation as it applies to an organizational setting.

The research regarding motivation in the workplace has been a major area of investigation that is of interest to corporate leaders, managers, organizational psychologists, and educators. The issue that this paper will discuss has to do with the particular factors that managers and leaders can address to increase the motivation of their workers to perform as well as to increase the job satisfaction levels of their employees. However, motivation is only one issue regarding increased productivity or increased job satisfaction; we would certainly think that at a basic level an employee would need a certain level of motivation to perform as well as the ability to actually do the job (as it turns out the research is consistent with this type of common-sense thinking). However, the actual types of interventions/activities that can be used…… [Read More]

Analyzing Art From India

Artistic Overview of the Taj Mahal

Though monumental tombs had a long history in the Islamic architecture in India, they were not a part of either the Buddhist or Hindu traditions. Numerous tombs were erected in India by the Delhi sultans but the Taj Mahal at Agra was incomparable in magnificence. Jahangir's son, Shah Jahan, as a memorial to Mumtaz Mahal, his beloved wife, constructed the huge tomb, though it ultimately ended up as the ruler's tomb too. The central block's dome-on-cube shape contains antecedents of earlier Islamic tombs and other Islamic structures like the Alai Darvaza located at Delhi, but the refinements and changes in Agra tomb's design have turned the earlier immense structures into a magnificent structure of sparkling white marble. The Taj Mahal appears to be magically floating above the tree-lined reflecting pools that punctuate the garden that leads to it (Art History 280 lecture notes).

Taj…… [Read More]

Women's Roles During World War II

World War 2 Women
World War 2 offered unprecedented opportunities for American women to take up jobs that were previously reserved for men, especially in the defense industry. Before 1940, women were only allowed to work in traditionally female professions like typing or sewing, and they were expected to leave when they gave birth or got married (Anderson). However, World War 2 changed all this and women were allowed to enter into the labor force. Women were mainly taking up the positions that were left vacant by the departing soldiers. World War 2 resulted in many women taking jobs in factories and defense plants across the country.
Due to these jobs, the women had unprecedented opportunities to move into occupations that were exclusively reserved for men. For instance, in the aircraft industry, a majority of workers was women by 1943. There were approximately 350,000 women who joined the military during…… [Read More]

Ordinary Time by Doris Kearns

Her son was far more democratic in spirit, and he would even allow his personal secretary "Missy" to act as hostess when Eleanor was away (120). Of course, this raises the question if Missy and Roosevelt were lovers, especially as Missy would occasionally wear nightgowns as evening gowns to these affairs -- out of poverty or another motive, one wonders?

However, it was Eleanor who took Franklin's place at the Democratic National onvention, when Democrats balked at granting her husband a third chance at the White House, even though Eleanor, for all of her popularity and political acumen was looking forward to a quieter life. hapter 5 paints a picture of a nation, a White House, and a couple coming to terms with the extraordinary demands of the first half of the 20th century. But although war was on the horizon, ultimately…… [Read More]

Pit Bulls The Bad Rep the American

Pit Bulls: The Bad ep

The American Pit Bull -- also known as the American Staffordshire Terrier -- is a descendent of the muscular fighting dogs bred by the Molossi tribe of ancient Greece. Physically powerful and possessed of an intelligence that rendered them trainable, these ancient fighting dogs fought alongside their masters in territorial warfare over tribal lands. Between the years of 50 AD and 410 AD, it is believed that the Molossi dogs were sold and traded throughout Greece and crossbred to create the first breed of bulldog -- the American Pit Bull's immediate ancestor. While the omans essentially used the dogs as canine gladiators in arena blood-sports, early Norman butchers used them to control unruly cattle. Later evolving into the horribly inhuman sport of "baiting," the dogs were trained to nip, herd, and essentially harass a bull for hours in a spectacle for the crowd.

After baiting…… [Read More]

United States District Court for the Northern

United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama ruled correctly in awarding partial summary judgment in this case. The summary judgment was granted in accordance with Rule 56(c) (3), Ala. R. Civ. P. Under Rule 56(c)(3), "summary judgment is proper when there is no genuine issue of material fact and the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law."

"If the moving party makes a prima facie showing that no genuine issue of material fact exists, then the burden shifts to the nonmovant." Bass v. Southtrust Bank, 538 So. 2d 794,798 (Ala. 1989). This burden requires the nonmovant to show "substantial evidence" in support of his position. id at 798.

Porter fails to show substantial proof of exposure to HIV on which his claim of emotional distress is based. Lacking proof of actual HIV exposure the plaintiff cannot move ahead with a claim based…… [Read More]