Enforcement Policy
Offshore oil and gas exploration is one of the most capital and human resource intensive industries. Significant health and safety (H&S) risks are associated with working in offshore oil and gas fields. Dermatitis, inhalation of hazardous substances, mental and physical health, isolation, injury, and loss of life and common H&S risks associated to offshore operations. Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) is the federal regulatory body that regulates offshore oil and gas operations for health, safety, and environmental protection. Safety and Environmental Management System (SEMS) program is the fundamental regulatory framework that is implemented by BSEE. The SEMS regulation has outlined many regulatory requirements related to H&S of employees and safe operations in offshore oil and gas industry. BSEE is also vested with enforcement authority within a broad framework that allows the regulator to issue non-compliance notices to operators, initiate probationary and disqualification procedures, and impose civil penalties.…...

mla

References

AcuTech. (2012). Safety and Environmental Management Systems (SEMS) Background Summary. AcuTech Consulting Group. Retrieved from:  http://acutech-consulting.com/pdfs/AcuTech-White-Paper-SEMS%204-17-12.pdf 

API. (2004). Safety and Environmental Management Program (SEMP) Promotes Safe and Environmentally Sound Operations Offshore. American Petroleum Association. Retrieved from: http://www.api.org/oil-and-natural-gas-overview/exploration-and-production/offshore/exploration-management.aspx

Atkinson, G., Fullick, S., Grindey, C., Maclaren, D., & Waterhouse, J. (2008). Exercise, energy balance and the shift worker. Sports medicine (Auckland, NZ), 38(8), 671. Retrieved from:  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2784228/ 

"Code of Federal Regulations." (2012). Para 250 Oil, Gas, and Sulfur operations in the Outer Continental Shelf [30 CFR 250]. Retrieved from: http://cfr.regstoday.com/30cfr250.aspx#30_CFR_250p200

Enforcement of Power in Organizations
Managing Organisations - Critically analyse how the enforcement of power may or may not lead to organisational resistance, conflict and decline

Enforcement of power in organizations has led to conflicts in many organizations, due to employee resistance to power (Fiske and Depret, 1996). Managers in many organizations try to use coercion when ordering employees to perform their work (French Jr. et al., 1960). The different subunits within an organization need to work cohesively in order to achieve the organization's overall goal. Failure to do this result in organizational decline and conflicts arise between the different subunits. This paper will demonstrate that enforcement of power is a catalyst for organizational resistance and conflicts. The different elements that cause conflict in an organization have been analysed to demonstrate how they affect an organization. The arguments made in the paper will indicate that enforcement of power could lead to the…...

mla

References

DEPRET, E. & FISKE, S.T. 1999. Perceiving the powerful: Intriguing individuals vs. threatening groups. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 35, 461-480.

ELLEMERS, N., VAN RIJSWIJK, W., BRUINS, J. & DE GILDER, D. 1998. Group commitment as a moderator of attributional and behavioural responses to power use. European Journal of Social Psychology, 28, 555-573.

FISKE, S.T. 1993. Controlling other people: The impact of power on stereotyping. American Psychologist, 48, 621.

FISKE, S.T. & DEPRET, E. 1996. Control, interdependence and power: Understanding social cognition in its social context. European review of social psychology, 7, 31-61.

"
Thus China must be held accountable by the international community and awareness brought to modern Chinese parents about the dangers of child labor. Consumerism is no excuse for allowing child labor in any context.

eferences

Embassy of India. "Child Labor in India." Indian Embassy. 1998. etrieved at http://www.indianembassy.org/policy/Child_Labor/childlabor.htm#national%20policy. 10 Nov 2009.

Goujan, Emmanuel. "Child Labor in Demand in wanda." Daily Main & Guardian. 2000. Hartford Web Publishing. etrieved at http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/36/461.html. 10 Nov 2009.

International Labour Office. Child Labour: Targeting the Intolerable. 6th ed. International Labour Office. 1996.

Kagire, Edmund. "wanda to Benefit from U.S. Anti-Child Labour Fund." New Times. 2009. etrieved at http://www.newtimes.co.rw/index.php?issue=14035&article=20608. 11 Nov 2009.

Thapaliya, Bhuwan. "Child Labor Dilemma in Nepal." Global Politician. 12 Oct 2009. etrieved at http://www.globalpolitician.com/25958-nepal. 11 Nov 2009.

International Labour Office. Child Labour: Targeting the Intolerable: Sixth Item on the Agenda. (International Labour Office 1996) 19.

International Labour Office. Child Labour: Targeting the Intolerable: Sixth Item on the Agenda. (International Labour Office…...

mla

References

Embassy of India. "Child Labor in India." Indian Embassy. 1998. Retrieved at   10 Nov 2009.http://www.indianembassy.org/policy/Child_Labor/childlabor.htm#national%20policy .

Goujan, Emmanuel. "Child Labor in Demand in Rwanda." Daily Main & Guardian. 2000. Hartford Web Publishing. Retrieved at   10 Nov 2009.http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/36/461.html .

International Labour Office. Child Labour: Targeting the Intolerable. 6th ed. International Labour Office. 1996.

Kagire, Edmund. "Rwanda to Benefit from U.S. Anti-Child Labour Fund." New Times. 2009. Retrieved at   11 Nov 2009.http://www.newtimes.co.rw/index.php?issue=14035&article=20608 .

Cultural relativism contends that no one culture possesses a more correct value system than any other. "There is no one standard set of morals," Sullivan (2006) argues, which one can use as a base to: "objectively judge all cultures, so comparing morality between cultures -- which retain independent and distinct histories and influences -- is basically futile" (¶ 9).
As the movement is rooted in the world community's response to the excesses inflicted upon humanity by the Nazi and Fascist regimes during the Second orld ar, the founders of the United Nations ensured that the Charter would reflect the close relationship between international peace and security and international human rights. Thus, the first two goals embodied in the Preamble of the U.N. Charter are: "to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war" and "to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, the dignity and worth of the human person, [and]…...

mla

Works Cited

About us [Human Rights Education Associates (HREA] 2008, Available at   2008].http://www.hrea.org/index.php?base_id=70 [27October

American Convention on Human Rights" 1969, OAS Treaty Series No. 36; 1144 UNTS 123; 9 ILM 99. Available from:   October 2008].http://www.eisil.org/index.php?t=link_details&id=446&cat=212 [27

The American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man" 2008, American Convention on Human Rights, University of Minnesota Human Rights Library. Available at   October 2008].http://www.cidh.oas.org/Basicos/English/Basic3.American%20Convention.htm [27

Bartlett, John, comp. 2000, Familiar Quotations, 10th ed, rev. And enl. By Nathan Haskell Dole. Boston: Little, Brown, 1919. Available from: Bartleby. [26 October 2008].

These statistics deny that a great number of older men are taking advantage of young girls and making them pregnant. Eight per cent is hardly an epidemic. If the problem is occurring only 8% of the time, then statutory rape laws should be enforced in about 8% of the cases.
The problem is how to sift through all the cases and find the right ones to prosecute, leaving the remaining 92% alone. It "...has proven far more difficult than the politicians ever imagined" (Elton, 1997, p. 13). To expect prosecutors to find the 8% in order to reduce the welfare rolls is impractical and unreasonable. Moreover, enforcement of these laws frequently has unexpected consequences. For example, 19-year-old Kevin Gillson was charged in Wisconsin with sexual assault for getting his 15-year-old girlfriend pregnant. His name was entered in a national registry of sex offenders even though he planned to marry the…...

mla

References

Elton, C. (1997). Jail baiting. The New Republic, 217, (20 October), 12-13.

Findholt, N. And Robrecht, L.C. (2002). Legal and ethical considerations in research with sexually active adolescents: The requirement to report statutory rape. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 34 (5), 259-265.

Jepsen, C.A. And Jepsen, L.K. (2006). The effects of statutory rape laws on nonmarital teenage childbearing. Contemporary Economic Policy, 24 (1), 35-52.

Enforcement of European Community Law
Legal systems are basically just useless if they are not efficiently enforced. On that note, they have normally two principal devices through which to make sure that these norms are enforced. Firstly, they may make the choice to trust on community enforcement by the state or an organ (Craig, 1998). On the other hand, trusting purely on public enforcement can be incompetent. Even though the details for this may differ contingent on the exact legal area, which is in query, it is common for public implementation as such to produce difficulties, which cause a legal association to supplement it by private model of enforcement, which permits private activities which are transported by persons European Union law (factually called "European Community law") is a body of agreements and lawmaking, for instance Regulations and Directives, which have indirect effect or direct effect on the regulations of European…...

mla

Works Cited

Bridge, J., 2004. Procedural Aspects of the Enforcement of European Community Law. European Law Review, 24(9), p. 37.

Craig, P. A D.B.G., 1998. European Community Law. European Competition Law Review, 24(9), p. 56.

Ehlermann, C.D., 2006. Implementation of EC Competition Law by National Anti-Trust. European Competition Law Review, 80(6), p. 3.

Maselis, I. A G.H.M., 1997. "Rights of Complainants in Community Law",. European Law Review,, 45(9), pp. 45-67.

Because there are costs of transaction during the negation process, the international laws will influence the bargain.
In changing the agenda and focus of nations and also other actors in handling conflicts and the transitions that results from the conflicts, international law might have lifted expectations to be so high that. The law has succeeded in situations where moral idealism, economics and politics have failed to provide solutions to the lasting human problems (Kelly and Karmel 900).

International law might generate standards for a number of personal decision making. This can apply when the laws that are involved are not openly addressed. Such standards might influence the institutions and the individuals to whom organizations lend, the institutions that they are dealing with as their subcontractors or suppliers, specifications for the design of products like aircraft and ships, the terms for children adoption, the shipment of dangerous goods and the transportation of…...

mla

Works cited

Beckman, Robert and Butte, Dagmar "Introduction to International Law" 2009

D'Anieri, Paul "Power and Purpose in Global Affairs" Cengage Learning. 2009

D'Amato, Anthony "Is International Law Really "Law"? 79 Northwestern Law Review 1293. 1985

Kelly, Claire. And Karmel, Roberta. 'The Hardening of Soft Law in Securities Regulation', Brooklyn .Journal of International Law, 34 (3), pp. 883 -- 951. 2007.

Law Enforcement
Khalid (2012) describes one incident in the ongoing conflict between American law enforcement and minority communities. ecently, the FBI hired an informant to pose as a Muslim in order to spy on the Iowan Muslim community in search of terrorist ties. The imposter went to mosque and forged ties with local Muslims. When the espionage was exposed, the Muslim community public expressed utter betrayal, according to Khalid (2012). In a diverse society, minority and immigrant communities must be especially trusting of law enforcement. When trust is eroded, as with the case in Iowa, public safety may suffer. However, the situation also reveals the delicate balance that law enforcement must play when it comes to preventing acts of violence, terrorism, or any crime. Law enforcement treads a razor's edge between infringing on the rights of individuals while attempting to protect those very rights.

Another incident involving law enforcement highlights the problem…...

mla

References

Baker, A. & Stelloh, T. (2012). Focus on police treatment of witness after shooting. The New York Times. Feb 4, 2012. Retrieved online:  http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/05/nyregion/treatment-of-grandmother-after-fatal-police-shooting-is-criticized.html 

Khalid, K. (2012). Iowa Muslim leader: Law enforcement betrayed us. CNN. Retrieved online:  http://religion.blogs.cnn.com/2012/02/03/iowa-muslim-leader-law-enforcement-betrayed-us/ 

Simon, R. & Meeks, D. (2012). Occupy D.C.: Police cut size of camp, stop short of clearing it. Los Angeles Times. Feb 4, 2012. Retrieved online:  http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/nationnow/2012/02/occupy-dc-police-move-in-but-stop-short-of-clearing-encampment.html 

Taubman, B. (1987). Lady Cop: True Stories of Policewomen in America's Toughest City. St. Cloud: Warner.

Social Media and Law Enforcement
Social Media Issues in law Enforcement

Social media and law enforcement: Boon or bane?

Social media is a fact of everyday modern life. For law enforcement personnel, it has created new opportunities to share resources with the public, including as 'tweeting' information about a possible suspect or releasing safety information to the public about terrorist incidents or natural disasters. At first, in the Internet age, police departments were reluctant to change. "Especially when it comes to computers and technology, because most officers want to be out chasing the bad guys and don't want to be behind the computer looking at things," but now most law enforcement agencies have come to embrace the new technology and learned to use it to their advantage (Conan 2013). On the other hand, the explosion of unregulated social media has also created the opportunity for new crimes, including bullying and identity theft. This…...

mla

References

Bar-Tur, Yael. (2013). Boston Police schooled us all on social media law enforcement.

Mashable. Retrieved:

 http://mashable.com/2013/04/22/boston-police-social-media/ 

This article chronicles the response of the Boston police to the recent bombings at the Boston Marathon, praising them for their effective use of social media and examining how this was the result of a long-standing effort by the department to use social media effectively in terms of how it relates to the public.

ILEA's
International Law Enforcement Academies

The 1990's saw a tremendous change in the nature of international relations and international threats and crime in particular. The end of the Cold War and the fall of the Soviet Union opened a large portion of Central and Eastern Europe, formerly under the control of the U.S.S.., to cooperation with nations of the West. This included the United States, which sought to improve international relations with these former Soviet Bloc nations. In mid-1994, the FBI director and a number of top law enforcement officials traveled to Central and Eastern Europe to "meet law enforcement colleagues in the region and discuss methods to attack transnational criminal activity." (Kaciban, 2001) The following year then President Bill Clinton, while addressing the United Nations on its fiftieth anniversary proposed a number of new international initiatives; including the establishment of an international law enforcement academy in the former Soviet Bloc nation…...

mla

References

"Bureau of Diplomatic Security." U.S. Department of State Homepage. Retrieved from  http://www.state.gov/m/ds/index.htm 

"Remarks by the President to the U.N. General Assembly" (22 October, 1995).

Welcome to the White House. Retrieved from http://clinton4.nara.gov/WH/New/other/unspeech.html

"ILEA-Budapest" International Law Enforcement Academy- Budapest. Retrieved from http://www.ilea.hu/en/index.php

Organized Crime / Counterterrorism
AL CAPONE O AL QAEDA?:

OGANIZED CIME AND COUNTETEOISM

AS LAW ENFOCEMENT PIOITIES IN 2014

Should law enforcement in America prioritize fighting counter-terrorism or fighting organized crime? A full examination of the history and issues involved with both will, I would argue, make the answer clear: with the proper definitions involved of both terror and organized crime, it is the latter which genuinely deserves the attention of law enforcement, and the former which has become the stuff of paranoid post-9/11 fantasy. However, to a certain extent, we will understand the way in which definitional creep can effect both subjects: what is the difference between a terrorist organization and a transnational organized crime enterprise? Why do we not consider a Mexican drug cartel so powerful that it routinely executes scores of people to intimidate local populations not considered a terrorist organization? I would like in this paper to examine the definition…...

mla

References

Aaronson, T. (Sept.-Oct. 2011). The informants. Mother Jones,

Arthur, C. (November 2, 2011). Anonymous retreats from Mexico drug cartel confrontation. The Guardian.

Asbury, H. (2008). The Gangs of New York: An Informal History of the Underworld. New York: Vintage.

Bell, D. (1953). Crime as an American way of life. Antioch Review 13(2), 131-154.

Law Enforcement
Differences Between Various Levels Of Law Enforcement

Federal prisons are for conviction under Federal laws. State prisons are similar in all concepts and applications but are for convictions under state statutes (Albanese, 2002). Privatized prisons are owned by the state in which they are in and have been tried (or are being used) by several states on the assumption that a privately operated prison will cost less money over a state run entity (aine, 1994). If you look historically at the privately run prisons, you will find that they have lost millions due to law suits lost in medical claims filed by inmates who were incarcerated there (Albanese, 2002).

Fully third of the budget of a state run prison is for medical care. When an inmate has a medical condition that demands operations, MI's, CAT scans and the like, they are taken to local hospitals and treated there while under…...

mla

REFERENCES

Albanese, J.S. (2002). The Prediction and Control of Organized Crime: A Risk Assessment Instrument for Targeting Law Enforcement Efforts.

Evans, J.L. (1997). Investigating and Prosecuting the Proceeds of Crime: A Common Law

Experience. In Ernesto U. Savona, Ed, Responding to Money Laundering: International

Perspectives. Harwood Academic Publishers: Amsterdam: The Netherlands.

Ethics in Law Enforcement
Every individual dreams of living an ideal life filled with peace, prosperity, love and comforts. Many a time's people get money but no peace of mind and often they have incomparable mental solace without the wealth. Scholars like Aristotle, Plato and Socrates believed that an ideal life did not exist but a successful; peace filled life was only possible with adherence to ethics or moral principles of conduct.

In today's world, the public's peace of mind is largely dependent on their safety and the realization of their rights. Nations give their residents freedom of speech, belief and thoughts. They have the right to express their thoughts and practice their religion. However, the modern world is overflowing with incidents of violation of these rights, or terrorism, murder, deceit, rape etc. It is the moral obligation of law enforcement agencies to ensure the safety of the residents.

The paper will look…...

mla

References:

Banks, C. (2004). The Importance of Ethics in Criminal Justice. Retrieved 25 June, 2012, from  http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/4031_Banks_Chapter_1_Proof.pdf 

Ethics (n.d) Dictionary.reference.com: Ethics. Retrieved 25 June, 2012, from  http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/ethics 

Fitch, B.D. (2011) FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin: Focus on Ethics. Retrieved 25 June, 2012, from  http://www.fbi.gov/stats-services/publications/law-enforcement-bulletin/october-2011/focus-on-ethics 

Kardasz, F. (2008). Ethics Training For Law Enforcement: Law Enforcement Codes of Ethics as Training Tools. Retrieved 25 June, 2012, from  http://kardasz.org/Codes_of_Ethics.html

Technology and Law Enforcement
The field of law enforcement has been one of the most challenging fields from the historical time yet it is a department that cannot be wished away as long as the society has to remain sane and civilised. The only option is to persistently and consistently update law enforcement and equip it in order to cary out the respective duties and responsibilities that it should in order to help te citizens to live in peace and abide by the law and have no fear of possible infrigment of their rights and protection by the lawless criminals. The improvements also assure the innocent law abiding citizens that in any case their rights have ben infringed upon, then the propagators of these crimes will be traced and charged and justice be done.

However, the constant improvement that is expecetd to give sense of security to the citizens can only be…...

mla

References

Homeland Security News Wire, (2014). National Guard units help states ward off cyberattacks. Retrieved January 5, 2014 from  http://www.homelandsecuritynewswire.com/dr20140203-national-guard-units-help-states-ward-off-cyberattacks 

Paul D.S., (2004). The Future Is Here: Technology in Police Departments. Retrieved January 5, 2014 from  http://www.policechiefmagazine.org/magazine/index.cfm?article_id=1527&fuseaction=display&issue_id=62008

Discrimination in Law Enforcement: Lethal Consequences
The constitution guarantees life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness to all Americans, yet there is a group who endures a life without total liberty, restrictions on their choice of lifestyle and happiness, and unfair treatment which may even result in the untimely loss of their lives. This group of people currently facing discrimination and mistreatment is the gay and lesbian community of ashington D.C., and the perpetrators are the very people whose jobs are to ensure their safety. The law enforcement is not entirely protecting gays and lesbians in D.C., nor are they ensuring that they have basic human rights. The effects of discrimination or even just insensitivity in the police department can have catastrophic negative effects on the victims, the gay and lesbian community, and the city of D.C. As a whole. hen people of certain minorities are not treated equally by the…...

mla

Works Cited

Berrill, Kevin T., and Gregory M. Herek. Hate Crimes. Newbury Park: Sage Publications, 1992. 208-212.

Fahrenthold, David A. "Gay Activists Question D.C. Police Shooting; Groups Join Family

Seeking Answers In Man's Death." The Washington Post 24 July 2001: B02. Lexis-Nexis.Gelman Library, Washington, D.C., 21 Mar. 2002 .

Fahrenthold, David A. "The Blue and the Gay." The Washington Post 22 Oct. 2001: B01.

....

This is a difficult question to answer.  In the era of COVID-19, when personal interactions with people are limited, especially with people outside of your immediate social group, being an agent of social change is more difficult than it is in other times.  That is because social change agents have to be able to influence people.  While some of that can be accomplished in a virtual environment, hence the popularity of internet “influencers,” that type of influence is simply not going to be enough to reach some people.  People tend to go to places on the internet....

Forensic psychology refers to applying psychology to legal issues.  Forensic psychology can be applied to civil and criminal legal cases but is most commonly associated with criminal cases.

Ten possible essay topics / titles for forensic psychology are:

1. Future Dangerousness: Can Forensic Psychologists Assess Future Risk
2. Beyond Criminal Profiling: How Forensic Psychologists Help Law Enforcement
3. Legally Crazy Versus Mentally Ill
4. Victim Profiling: What Makes Some People Targets
5. The Psychology of Policing
6. Best Interests of the Child: How Forensic Psychologists Can Help in Child Custody Cases
7. Inherently Unreliable: The Problem with Eyewitness Testimony
8. Undeveloped Brains: Why Juveniles Should Not Be in the....

Police equity refers to the concept of fairness and justice within law enforcement. It encompasses ensuring that police departments and officers treat all individuals fairly and without bias or discrimination based on race, ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, or any other characteristic. Police equity aims to promote equal treatment, rights, and opportunities for all members of society, regardless of their personal backgrounds or circumstances.

Achieving police equity requires regular evaluation and improvement of policing practices, policies, and procedures. This includes implementing unbiased policing strategies, focusing on community engagement and cultural competency training for officers, and addressing any systemic issues or biases that....