Ethical Dilemma Essays Examples Essays (Examples)

Ethical Dilemma

In the first scenario, the vice president of a beer company has been asked to organize a lobbying effort to reduce the drinking age to 18. From a strictly legal perspective, there is nothing wrong with this request. The company has the legal right to lobby government for legislative changes that it wants to see. Indeed, the Citizens United ruling expands the privilege of free speech in elections to all bodies, individual or corporate. From a legal perspective the company can organize such an effort and if it is successful will have achieved its objectives through legal channels.

The ethics of the issue are a little fuzzier. There are different ethical perspectives that can be used to analyze this issue. One perspective is the consequentialist perspective. A consequentialist looks to the outcomes of one's actions to determine the moral worth of those actions. The different outcomes here can…

In such a case, moral code is not the only decision making tool (Harding, 2010). Many things come into play when one is confronted with an ethical dilemma. In this situation, the new officer would not want to go against his older and experienced officers. It would also not to be right to order for food freely when the restaurant is opened purposefully for business. The available choices build up a complex dilemma that cannot be easily decided thus the situation becomes uncomfortable.

Comparisons

According to the moral code, the officers are supposed to pay for the services given to them. This would mean that they are appreciating whatever services the restaurant provides. Although the owner seems to have no issues with the officers no having free meals in his restaurant, he might be wondering why would they not pay for the food at times (Steinberg & Austern, 1990). Paying…

Ethical dilemmas surrounding DNR (Do Not Resuscitate) orders

Ethical dilemmas surrounding Do Not Resuscitate orders

In carrying out their duties, health care givers face many ethical issues that sometimes affect their personal lives. These require that they make ethical decisions, which may affect them and their patients, as well. An example of a situation that puts the health care givers into an ethical dilemma is the application of the Do Not Resuscitate, which seeks to counter the invasive and painful experience of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. A health care profession needs to make a critical decision on when he or she should obey the order and on when he or she should ignore it. The purpose of this paper is to discuss these ethical and legal issues, and give recommendations of addressing them.

In the 1950s, the world witnessed the development of Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, by closed chest massage, to help patients who…

Ethical Dilemma

I once worked as an office assistant at bank. Amongst other things, the office handled investments for clients. This business is fraught with ethical issues. In one situation, there was an employee - a stock broker -- who was pedaling to his clients a company in which he had an interest. This is considered to be unethical, because people who advise on investments are supposed to have a duty of care towards the customer. They are supposed to give advice that is impartial, among other things. Clearly, the advice to invest in this company was impartial. I was curious about this more than anything else, being very junior, so I asked my supervisor about the situation. I was essentially told in no uncertain terms to ignore the practice because "that's just how he works." I referred to industry sources and realized that the actions were in fact unethical,…

4, para.2). Therefore, the presence of an underlying mental illness that did not render a defendant unable to appreciate that he was committing a crime or compel him to commit it, may still be sufficient to mitigate the crime. Furthermore, a lack of mental ability that does not rise to the level of mental retardation may be introduced to mitigate the crime. Therefore, the forensic psychologist needs to be able to assess a defendant's mental functioning, from the standpoint of intellectual and emotional functioning in order to assess competency.

In fact, while mental retardation is not a mental illness, the presence of mental retardation is an issue that forensic psychologists may have to determine when looking into the death penalty. For most of the history of the death penalty, mental retardation was not a barrier to the imposition of the death penalty. However, in Atkins v. Virginia, the Court determined…

This is an extraordinary ethical dilemma, historically speaking and thus reflected through the novel, because, from a utilitarian point-of-view, the action of allying with the Soviets during the Second World War is just: choosing the lesser of the evils to defeat the greatest evil manifesting itself at that time, the evil one is fighting. On the other hand, given the later implications, the evil force that the Soviet Union came to represent, we are wondering whether or not it was the actual just decision to make.

On a micro level, we have small, individually addressed ethical dilemmas, like the one Gunther ehn is having. It is interesting to point out towards this ethical dilemma because, in some ways, it seems as if such small, micro dilemmas, are tying in to the title of the book.

Gunther was a decorated German soldier during the First World War and then worked as…

Moral Distress

According to a peer-reviewed article in Nursing Ethics, moral distress has become an increasingly serious concern in the nursing profession. The implication is that moral distress is associated with "ethical climate"; in other words, when a nurse knows full well the right thing to do in any particular healthcare situation but finds that "institutional constraints make it nearly impossible to pursue the right courts of action," that nurse is exhibiting signs of moral distress. Of course moral distress can and does also result from burnout (Pauly, 2009, p. 562).

In approaching this question through research the authors discovered -- through a survey of 374 nurses in British Columbia -- that morally distressing experiences "may not be frequent, they may have significant impact when they do occur" (Pauly, 569). Indeed, some nurses had "vivid memories of morally distressing situations that had occurred many years previously" (Pauly, 569). Pauly also…

Ethical Dilemmas & Marketing

Ethical Dilemmas

Ethical dilemmas in international marketing

Background of Marketing Ethics

Ethical Issues in Marketing

Modern Debate in Stakeholder Theory

Ethical Theories

Teleological Theories

Virtue Ethics

Ethics in Marketing

Ethical dilemmas in international marketing

Humanity has long struggled with the question of what constitutes ethical behavior. The answer to this question has not always been simple or easy especially in the midst of conflicting interests. Businesses desire and need to sell products to consumers but serious issues arise regarding the methods and effects of such marketing activities. This research paper is aimed at exploring the ethical dilemmas in international marketing by using previous studies as well as a detail discussion of different theories related to business and marketing ethics.

Background of Marketing Ethics

Business ethics awareness has increased greatly since the 1990s. A 1994 study of Fortune 500 industrials and 500 service corporations examined how these…

Given a situation in which one person lies and the truth would hurt the others, the dilemma resides in whether the person should continue lying or confess

Free to do otherwise - a situation in which a general solution is proposed for a wider population, but some members feel it is not right for the individually. The dilemma resides in whether the individuals will do what is best for the group or for themselves

The ascetic tale of Chrysippus the Stoic - a situation in which one has to state whether a pleasure is good or bad and choose form them The pirate - a situation involving two colleagues, one saving to purchase an expensive software program from the company and one stealing it. The dilemma resides around whether the one who saves should do nothing, report the theft or steal the product herself (Cohen, 2003)

4. Resolving Ethical Dilemmas…

Kirst-Ashman & Hull (2008: 280) mention an example involving a social worker who is transferred to another department with a higher salary. He is however involved with a client who had just completed a long journey of establishing trust with him. If he leaves her at this time, she will a have great difficulty to reestablish trust, and she will also feel betrayed by him. It is important to consider her well-being as highly important; more so than the transfer or the increased salary. From an ethical point-of-view, the best decision would be to maintain the relationship with the client, and opt for a transfer once her service is terminated, or once she is sufficiently stable to build a functional relationship with a different social worker.

With the development of online technology, social work and ethics have also acquired an extra dimension. The Internet has made research both easier and…

Ethical Dilemma

The first question that we are to consider asks us to address many of the actual issues that come up in the course of medical decisions, and not simply in terms of cancer treatment. It is often the case that parents and children will not agree over a proposed treatment for the child; the ethical conflicts that can follow such a disagreement can be extremely traumatic. This is especially problematic for the family given that they are already suffering through the trauma of health problems, often terribly serious ones.

In the case study with which we are presented we lack certain key pieces of information that we would have in a real-world case and that are in fact necessary for us to have in order to make a finely balanced ethical decision (Brody, 1988, pp. 36-8). The first of these is the age of the child. A child…

The core of the problem that is tied to use of child labor by its suppliers is price. Incase apple tries to police the suppliers they might shift the problem to another part of the firm or even create more problems. This therefore means that Apple should give severe penalties and punishments in combination with general hands off approach to compliance auditing regarding to issues outside the quality of the components. Apple should therefore terminate the contracts they have with such suppliers and charge them any costs that the company might incur incase they find the suppliers to be in violation in any of the rules that are related to child labor or caustic chemicals. They may terminate the contracts for there, five and up to ten years.

Apple has taken a blind eye to their suppliers and have acted as though this are common practices in a region such…

Ethical Dilemmas in Special Education

The ethical issues involved in special education are manifold. In many cases, the students are unable to perform certain activities unimpaired, and in many cases they will not ever attain a legal majority or emancipation. This already puts the educator in a more proprietary position than the mere invocation of in loco parentis could ever hope to capture.

Yet this seems to point toward a greater degree of potential paternalistic condescension on the educators part, something which we might consider as a particularly bitter irony about the state of special education overall, based on the origins of the present system of special education in America as being among the legal and educational reforms prompted by the Civil Rights movement inititated by African-Americans in the 1950s and 1960s. Congress' 1975 passage of the Education for All Handicapped Children act would remedy the earlier shocking statistic that…

Ethical Dilemmas in IT

Ethical Dilemmas in Information Technology

Information technology is a relatively recent phenomenon in our everyday political, social, and private lives. As such, centuries-old understandings of ethics and morality cannot easily be reconciled with the ever growing development of information technology. There are numerous cases, when information technology poses ethical dilemmas. In general, such cases occur when the good of the organization (government, companies) conflicts with the good of the individual. For example, the questions of privacy and intellectual property are the two issues where information technology poses serious ethical dilemmas.

In most democratic countries of the world, the right to privacy is protected by law. It is an aspect of human dignity as well as civil liberty but a dilemma occurs because large volumes of private data today are stored in computer databases by governments, organizations, business companies, and human rights advocacy groups. There is a…

Ethical Dilemma in Nursing: Case Analysis

Ethics is a significant portion in any profession. In nursing professional ethics is part of the daily practices of nurses. Nurses require building up skills to react ethically to mistakes and make ethical choices (Finkelman & Kenner 2012, p.182). Particularly, nurses require the knowledge of ethical reflection in order to discern moral dilemmas and injustices. Nevertheless, a nurse practitioner is required to stick to ethical principles that ensure that patient care is considered a primary focus in the nursing practice. There are certain situations where a doctor or a nurse practitioner is required to conceal a patient's health condition in order to prevent harm to the well-being of a patient. This happens to terminally ill patients perhaps through a request from family or friends. The protective attitude of family and the society to the critically or terminally ill patient is usually convoyed by a…

Ed wants John to simply comply with the way things are done at D&S so that he can be available for a potential promotion. Ed admits that Dryer may soon create a Vice President position that he expects to receive. This causes a conflict because Ed will most likely not sign off on John's having finished the training if John refuses to sign the document with the revised numbers. But if John signs the document, enabling the advancement of Ed's career, he will operate against what he should do from an ethical standpoint.

John's decisions have a number of important implications. John has already done the wrong thing for himself when he turned in another expense report without first confronting the situation with his trainer and his company. His failure to discuss and resolve the situation before the final trip to Washington, DC has led him to the ethical quandary…

Ethical Dilemmas

Cloning

Closing has become one of the most talked about ethical problems in the world today. The ability that scientists have to clone humans goes against many religious and ethical standards. This has created an ethical clash between medical science and many churches and religions.

Stem cell research

This is a part of the cloning debate. It has been the cause of much ethical discussion in that it involves research which promises to cure many serious diseases. This has become and ethical dilemma because many people see this as treating human beings as just another product which can be bought and sold.

Gay Marriage

The issue of Gay marriage is based on the belief in equal human rights for all, no matter what their sexual preferences. However homosexuality goes against many religious teachings and ethical principles. It has therefore created an ethical battle between those who believe in…

Ethical Dilemma Case Study of Mark

Ethical Dilemma: Case Study of Mark

Because Mark provides services to low-income clients that are often free of charge and then basically over-charges and is very tough with clients who have more money, he may be in violation of the ethical code of the American Counseling Association (ACA). Most notably, he should consult with other counselors in order to determine whether what he is doing is acceptable or whether he is going against professional ethics by charging affluent clients more money to make up for charging less affluent clients little to nothing. Section H.2.d of the ACA Code of Ethics says, in part, that "when uncertain as to whether a particular situation or course of action may be in violation…," counselors are to consult with other counselors, colleagues, or proper authorities (ACA, 2005). It is possible that mark is completely convinced that what he…

The conflict arises with the sharing of the information that could be disclosed to other colleagues. In one aspect there is a duty to confidentiality. While at the same time, providing the details of the conversation will help to improve treatment options. The challenge is determining if this information should be disclosed. This situation is unethical by violating the confidentiality of the patient through discussing the conversation. It is also illegal and unethical by not disclosing these facts to provide the best treatment options. The way that this will impact the patient, is it could cause them to become more withdrawn by having everyone know about certain facts they consider to be embarrassing. To address this dilemma requires talking to the patient about how this must be disclosed for improving treatment options. Once they agree to this, is when you can let others know by directly dealing with the ethical…

Ethical Dilemma

Business and ethics don't mingle and according to popular belief they are two opposing forces. The goal of business is profit maximization and ethics are a body of rules that should guide any and all actions. Traditionally it is thought that ethics hinder rather than support the achievement of the corporate goals. However, in recent times corporations and the business world are more focused on the ethics. It pays in the modern world to be ethically sound and environment friendly because the law supports workers and consumers in case of unethical conduct of a corporation. The paper will look at an article about how a firm handled a serious ethical dilemma it was plagued with and it will analyze their decisions while also suggesting possible alternatives.

Introduction

Business executives looking to integrate ethical code of conduct in their corporate decisions need to consider two different codes. Firstly their…

This is also a reason why it is absolutely necessary to pursue all avenues of information in order to be as accurate as possible in reporting.

I do believe that the actions described above are within the ethical framework of media reporting. The newspaper's first obligation is to its readership and to society at large. If the motor company has nothing to hide in terms of its actions, it should be willing not only to provide investigative proof, but also permission to publish the story. As a matter of trust and ethical reporting, it is therefore in the newspaper's best interest to investigate further and publish the story as truthfully and objectively as possible. If this means losing a large partner in advertising revenues, the disadvantage is financial, but the credibility of the paper remains intact. Pursuing the story could indeed eventually be financially advantageous for the newspaper, as honest…

Ethical Dilemmas in Treatment Process

Scenario -- Client presents with many issues that generate ethical dilemmas throughout the treatment process and specifically the client's use of illegal substances and the distribution of these drugs to others creating a cause for concern in regards to the welfare of client's child. Client reports that she is not using drugs in the child's presence however, the ability of the client to care for her child while under the influence of drugs needs to be considered as well as the client's distribution of drugs and the potential risk presented to the child's well-being due to distribution of drugs from the family home. This work will identify Texas laws or credentialing regulations relevant to this ethical dilemma and assist in evaluating how the laws and credentialing regulation affect an analysis and resolution of this case.

Texas State Laws

The state law enacted that primarily regulates…

As the other team members have asked me to address this topic with Jane, Wallace's morality on habit to prefer public to private motivations comes into play, and not only directs what I should do but also what I would do in this situation.

Wallace surmises that a responsible public communicator reveals the source of opinion and information. In this way, the public (or in this case, Jane) can weigh any bias, prejudice or self-centered motivations the other team members may have in airing these complaints. According to Wallace, concealing the identity of the source material would be unethical (Enos, 1997; Johannesen, 2001). For this reason, when I spoke to Jane I would involve the specific team members who have come to me with concerns. Although I wouldn't involve the entire team, to avoid Jane from feeling like she was being ganged up on, including the team members who have…

Ethical Decision

Ethical dilemma: To tell or not to tell?

One of the most difficult ethical decisions I ever faced occurred after a close friend of mine began dating a boy who did not respect her. My friend and her new boyfriend fought constantly. He was controlling and dictatorial regarding how much time she spent with her other friends. He often made nasty and cutting comments about how she dressed. Finally, I learned that he was cheating on my friend.

This immediately caused a conflict of values. On one hand, I felt a strong sense of loyalty to my friend and wanted to tell her immediately. However, I wondered, even from a utilitarian standpoint if this would be the 'best move.' After all, she might not believe me. She knew I did not like her new boyfriend and might be more apt to blame the messenger that had brought bad…

Ethical Dilemma

Facts: My client, Justin King, has informed me that he was intoxicated on the date of an accident he had on his Harley. However, because he was unconscious after the accident, no tests were conducted to determine whether he was under the influence. Furthermore, his toxicology reports from Paxton Medical Center were apparently erroneously destroyed by the hospital as part of its standard document retention policy. Justin has told me that he intends to lie in the upcoming litigation if he is asked if he had any alcohol prior to the accident.

How should a legal team handle a client who has said that he intends to commit perjury? Does it make a difference that the evidence that could prove the client is lying either does not exist or has been destroyed, not by the client?

easoning: The ABA Model ules specifically address the issue of client perjury.…

Edwards avows, "I had nothing to do with any money being paid, and no knowledge of any money being paid, and if something was paid, it wasn't being paid on my behalf." (Schwartz, Ross, and Francescani, 2008).

Today, Edwards is now the subject of a federal grand jury investigation which is looking at whether there were false reports in how funds from Edwards' campaign or one of these groups were spent, whether any money was passed from the recipient to Hunter, and whether any campaign or nonprofit money was spent on providing a personal benefit (MacGillis, 2009). The comments of a former Edwards' supporter illustrate the gravity of his misconduct. Instead of giving her typical contributions to charities every year such as an organization that feeds low-income families and another that rescues abandoned animals, she chose to give the money to Edwards' campaign in '07 and '08 (Henneberger, 2009). She…

However, this option is ethically deplorable. Lavonda would have Soo-Chin's eventual misery on her conscience in addition to everything else.

On the other hand, Lavonda can take her chances with pressing formal charges against Allen. This option comes with the possibility that Lavonda will walk away with less than nothing. If the case against Allen goes the way Karline seems to think it will, not only will Lavonda lose her job, but she will also lose the ability to get another job in the same field. If the case against Allen goes Lavonda's way, not only will Lavonda be able to continue her career in a promising position without the undue pressue Allen has put on her, but she will also save future young ladies from the same type of situation that she has been through. Lavonda's final option is to walk away from the job without doing anything. This…

The presence of an opportunity: Terry took advantage of an opportunity that presented itself because of poor Internal Control procedures, most notably poor separation of duties.

The Capacity of Rationalization: Terry acted because of her own personal family needs that had arisen due to medical bills. She also acted out of a sense of entitlement, believing that she had deserved a raise and had not received it. Her actions could also be construed as a form of revenge for not receiving what she believed was fair compensation.

d. What Internal Control procedures should be put into place?

Most notably, Fairwell needs better separation of duties. Terry's ability to process terminations, approve timecards and distribute paychecks leaves the company with a poor set of checks and balances for payroll controls. The company should also implement better monitoring procedures to prevent fraud as indicated by Terry's high degree of confidence that she…

These ethical concerns can partially be addressed through the use of appropriate informed consent. Items that need to be included in an informed consent for psychotherapy include the nature and anticipated course of therapy, fees and payment, third party involvement, and limits to confidentiality (APA, 2002). Ethical standard 10.01a also compels psychologists to provide the client with an opportunity to engage in dialogue surrounding the informed consent process. Informed consent must be provided in a language that is readily understandable to the person from whom you are seeking consent (Fisher, 2003). This includes taking into account not only alternative languages but also educational and developmental levels. Pomerantz (2002) explores the concept of informed consent as an ongoing process throughout the life of treatment and that as a client's issues change or focuses change it is important to have continued dialogue regarding the nature and expectations of the treatment process. This…

Ethical Dilemma of Assisted Suicide

"In the care of patients with terminal illness, arguably the singular purpose should be safe, effective treatment and relief of pain and suffering," yet it is within this context that a heated debate about assisted suicide exists (Goslin 2006 p 2). Overall, the public seems to support the individual's right to choose. This has been deeply ingrained within American culture in the presence of staunch individualism. It is also present within debates exploring how to handle the end stages of life for terminally ill patients who are in great suffering. The current research shows an environment where the public supports such measures; yet, overwhelmingly, physicians tend not to show the same type of support for the practice. Ethical considerations are also a major part of the debate; with religious beliefs and morality tend to influence support as well. Essentially, assisted suicide is an issue that…

Ethical Dilemmas in High School Counseling

Faced with the dilemma of entering into a dual relationship with a 14-year-old, freshman member of the cheerleading squad who approached me for counseling her for sexual abuse at the hands of her father, I decided that I would resign my position as coach of the cheerleading squad and continue only in the role of counselor. I reached this decision after carefully weighing the ethical and legal aspects of the situation, including a consultation with a counselor colleague, to ensure that I had, in fact, taken all issues into consideration and been objective in my analysis of the case. The professional ethical principles taken into account, legal aspects and the method of reasoning used were also documented, as a matter of professional practice and record.

To start with, conscious of the fact that I was dealing with a minor in this particular case, I…

The regularity of meetings at the location Tammy chose, as well as other available meetings and programs, would also help in determining the level of conflict that is inherent to this situation, and other practical methods to address the issue of Lizzy's mandatory attendance.

Luckily, there is a great deal that can be done to fix the ethical and practical problems created by this initial decision. A quick examination and presentation of other nearby programs and meeting times that allows Lizzy to choose one that will best allow her to attend regularly without disrupting work and family obligations. An apology from Tammy regarding her initial hastiness would also go a long way in repairing the relationship between she and Lizzy.

The primary negative effect here is for Lizzy and her family; not only does Tammy's selection of a meting for her eliminate her ability to choose, but it also sets…

The pilot only has a month to go before he is eligible for retirement. The doctor know this and wonders whether, under these unusual circumstances, she is justified in withholding the information about the pilot's condition.

Withholding the information would be dependent on the severity of the pilot's heart tumor. Considering the pilot will be flying an aircraft that carries over 200 human beings, the doctor would not be justified in withholding the patient's condition. The doctor should instead report the condition and make recommendations to the airline regarding the best course of treatment. Since the pilot has only a month to retire, withholding the information might be detrimental to the doctor's and pilot's career.

The good decision would be to report the pilot's condition to the airline, this would ensure that the airline is aware of the pilot's condition and though they might allow him to continue flying, the…

Ethics of Informed Consent

Ethical Dilemma: Imagine a psychologist treating a minor child depression minor cutting. Because child's parents divorced, obtained consent treat child father, custodial parent. The mother (noncustodial parent) calls involved son's treatment.

Ethical dilemma: Treating a child of divorced patients

One of the most difficult issues for a therapist regarding the treatment of minors is the question of confidentiality. "An important aspect of treatment is to foster an individual's autonomy, and a great pleasure of treating adolescents is to watch as they come to enjoy their growing independence. One aspect of independence is privacy. As a child grows into adolescence and adulthood, the surrounding zone of privacy should increase, thus making room for a more defined sense of self and a greater sense of autonomy" (Behnke & Warner 2002: 44). In this instance, the custodial parent wants exclusive rights to be involved in the treatment of the…

Mrs.Misa60-year-oldwhowasdiagnosedwithearlyonsetdementiaandhasbeenexperiencingbriefmomentsofmemoryloss.ShehasbeenlivingwithherdaughterL.Lhasbeenjoblesssinceshecompletedherundergraduatestudiesoneyearago.Mrs.Mdoesnothaveanyotherchildren.Recently,Lgotanewjobinanotherstate.Sheisdueforrelocationinamonthstime.Toalargeextent,LhasbeeninstrumentalineffortstopromotethehealthandwellbeingofMrs.M.InLsopinion,aswellasperarecentassessment,Mrs.MwouldrequireplacementinacarehomefollowingLsrelocation.However,Mrs.Misagainstthissuggestion.Shemaintainsthatsheiscapableoftakingcareofherself.Inbasicterms,anethicaldilemmacouldbeconceptualizedasascenariowherebyonehastomakeachoicebetweentwo(ormore)decisionsinwhichcasealltheavailabledecisionsresultinthecompromiseofacertainmoralorethicalprinciple.Morespecifically,inthewordsofLachman(2009),thiscouldbedescribedasasituationinwhichadifficultchoicehastobemadebetweentwocoursesofaction,eitherofwhichentailstransgressingamoralprinciple(p.79).Inthisethicaldilemmaadecisionmustbemadetoeither:1.HonorMrs.MsdesiretolivealoneandcompromisehersafetyOR2.PlaceMrs.Minacarehomeagainstherwillandviolateherautonomy.Action1:HonorMrs.MsdesiretolivealoneandcompromisehersafetyOutcome:HonorandadvanceMrs.MsautonomyAlthoughsafetyhappenstobeanimportantconsiderationforallpersons,itisespeciallyinstrumentalfordementiapatients.Toalargeextent,safetyinthiscasehasgottodowiththepreventionofinjury.Thereareanumberofpresentingsymptomsthatspecificallymakedementiapatientsmorepronetocertainsafetyconcerns.Theseareinclusiveofdisorientation,memoryloss,aswellasconfusion.Advantages:Inthiscase,Mrs.Mwillhaveherindependenceandliveinafamiliarenvironment.Thiswouldinturnpromotehercomfort(i.e.inrelationtothevarioushomeluxuries)andmakeitpossibleforhertoleadamoreindependentlifestyle.Onewayofincreasingorpromotingpatientindependence,asBombardetal.(2018)pointoutisviapatientengagement.Thesaidengagementinvolvesnotonlytheconsideration,butalsotheimplementationofpatientperspectives.Asamatteroffact,accordingtotheauthors,patientengagementhasbecomeacornerstoneofcareandisfrequentlyastatedgoalforhealthcareorganizations(Bombardetal.,2018,p.99).ItthereforefollowsthatingrantingMrs.Mherwishes,adeliberatemovewouldhavebeenmadetograndthisparticularuserofhealthcareservicesherrightfulroleintheoverallcareequation.Disadvantages:ThereisaclearriskofharminallowingMrs.Mtolivebyherself.AccordingtoBrookerandLillyman(2013),personsdiagnosedwithdementiahappentobeatanincreasedriskoffall.Further,anxietyalongsideforgetfulnesscould,accordingtotheauthors,makeitriskyforapersonwithdementiatobeleftunattendedtoforlongperiodsoftime.Zolkefli(2017)arguesthatinsomeinstances,choice(intheadvancementofpatientautonomy)isnotalwaysagoodthinginthehealthcarecontext.Inthewordsoftheauthor,inseekingtoensurethatpatientsareinvolvedindecisionmakingandtheirchoicesrespected,onehastorememberthat,choicecomeswithacost,anditisacolossalone;thatofferingeverybodyagreaterdegreeofcontroloverwhattheyreceivewillcreatewinnersandlosers(Zolkefli,2017,p.95).Inthepresentcontext,Mrs.Mslong…

Introduction
On November 26, 2013, Marlise Muñoz suffered from a pulmonary embolism. Within two days, the patient was declared brain dead. Muñoz was 33 years old and 14 weeks pregnant. She also happened to reside in Texas. In Texas, a provision of the state’s Advance Directives Act known as the pregnancy exclusion apparently mandates that any pregnant patient must be kept on life support regardless of the fetus’s gestational age, and regardless of the patient’s or her family’s wishes (Mayo, 2014). Based on their interpretation of the pregnancy exclusion, the staff at the Texas hospital refused to abide by the family’s—and the patient’s—wishes, claiming they were constrained by law.
In addition to raising important questions about the efficacy of neurological death, the Muñoz case is instructive for informing future bioethical policies. The case touches upon abortion issues, patient autonomy, and right to self-determination, and also shows how legislation can sometimes…

Introduction
Corruption takes many forms, and can have a devastating impact on economies, and on the effectiveness of government. For that reason, it is best practice to have a code of ethics for managers who are involved in acquisitions, purchasing and contracts. Ethical lapses contribute to a wide array of issues, including waste, a decline in confidence in the institution of government, and underperformance because the wrong vendors were selected. Larezos (2008) notes that when evidence of corruption arises, governments may need to recompete contracts, projects can be delayed or go way over budget, and there can be increased cost to taxpayers as well. If chronic weak governance leaves a populace disenchanted with government, then the political fallout can be severe as well. In essence, corruption represents the trade-off between the personal gain for the government officials in question versus the overall government or economy.
Combatting corruption is a complex…

Introduction
When a family has to decide how much is too much, as Plakovic (2016) puts it during end-of-life care, there is a clear ethical dilemma that crops up for family members and care providers. That dilemma is related to the issue of how to approach end-of-life treatment. For instance, some individual have strict preferences when it comes to whether or not they want to be resuscitated or kept alive by a machine. Others have no instructions set aside before hand for care providers and family to go by. The ethical dilemma is complicated by the fact that care providers have an oath to care for all life—but at the end-of-the-life, what is the line between postponing the inevitable inhumanely and giving as much humane care as is possible? That blurred line is a complicated one to walk. The two major points that this paper will address when it comes…

Can both sides be right? Hardly, and when the initiative is analyzed with a critical eye, one sees that it looks like the initiative is a tactic for large corporations to appear to be following the letter of the law, but saving money by making Clean Air Act and EPA required equipment to reduce certain emissions by delaying capital expenditures and pushing out previous goals, thus saving millions if not billions of technological investment dollars. Likely these companies lobbied the Bush Administration, citing the need to reinvest in their businesses to become more competitive and thus, unable to divert funds into pollution control.

From the simplest ethnical standard, for instance utilitarianism, the initiative on its own might be ethical if not for the fact that it significantly alters previous legislation, and lessens the impact of EPS regulations on big-business. Certainly, stakeholders in those offending companies would benefit; stockholders, employees, management;…

hen searching for ideas use imagination and stimulate that imagination by brain-storming with others and reading the latest publications on the topic -- remember that approaches for difficult issue are always changing. Ten years ago, antidepressants were prescribed almost automatically for depression, now the use of such medication and their side effects, especially in teens, is under scrutiny.

Step 6: Evaluate the evidence

Sometimes writing things down can be helpful. hen contemplating different strategies of approaching the topic, charting and rating evaluations of the tentative solutions provides clarity. Viewing any data and studies side-by-side can be useful as well. Compare and test these solutions in a series of hypothetical scenarios before trying them out in the real world.

Step 7: Make the educated guess (hypothesis)

After reviewing the evidence, boil down the client's situation into a general statement. Make an educated guess about what is the core problem; choose the…

Ethical Dilemma

Ethics

Officer response: Ethics

Police officers are given additional powers to enforce the law that ordinary citizens do not possess, such as the right to stop and frisk suspects and if necessary to use proportional force against a suspect. However, with additional powers comes additional responsibility. On a human level, it is easy to understand why it might be tempting to act violently against someone committing child molestation. But an officer cannot appoint him or herself judge and jury, and must ensure that justice is done through the legal system. He or she is a representative of that system, not a lone avenger.

First of all, the violent officer's actions could have severely compromised the prosecution's case. The defendant could have used the evidence of his beating and the fact that the officer was violent against him to support his claim that he was innocent and wrongly accused.…

Ethical Dilemmas in Business

Case One:

This is a situation where a disgruntled worker from the company's main competitor mailed top-secret information or innovative product samples to me. Some of the major concerns that arise include whether to forward the information to the firm's research department or to mail the information back to the competitor informing them what is happening. The other ethical dilemmas that arise include whether to ignore or throw the secrets away and whether to notify the Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI). hile this situation is more of an ethical situation, it's also a legal concern because of the legal aspects that arise when choosing the most suitable course of action and the legal implications.

From a legal perspective, this situation is covered by Uniform Trade Secrets Act, which contains various provisions on misappropriation and gathering information through improper means. According to the Act, misappropriation is obtaining…

The foster parents showed their own moral character as well, by raising the child in a loving and safe environment.

End-Based Ethics- Also known as utilitarianism, end-based ethics has one deciding to do whatever provides the greatest good for the greatest number by predicting the consequences of different actions. If utilitarianism holds that the most ethical thing that can happen is the action that maximizes the happiness or good for society then actions have quantitative outcomes and the decisions that go into "the greatest good for the greatest number" are appropriate, even if that means reducing the rights or happiness of some (Troyer, 2003).

Using the utilitarian principle, who benefits from giving the child back to the original parents? We are not even sure that they benefit, not knowing the specifics, but we do know that the foster parents and the child are traumatized, and that the good works done…

George must take time and think about his company, his coworkers, and Med-Train because his decision will have a ripple effect on them all. When applying the golden rule George will think about the stakeholders and make a more informed decision. A selfish decision in this case may not only harm George but also have negative consequences on all the stakeholders involved.

Recommendation-Conclusion

After analyzing the Georges case and considering the dilemma facing him; deciding between loyalty to his company and being honest to all stakeholders involved in the process and the ethical and legal ramifications to consult (albeit from a position of his own company) with his employer's main competitor. The recommendation to George has several facets to help him make the most beneficial ethical and legal decision.

George must schedule a meeting with the human resources director and check into XYZ Incorporated's policy to gauge the rules regarding…

Ethical Dilemmas

The objective of this study is to review the work entitled "What Should We Mean 'Military Ethics?" And the work entitled "Strengthening Moral Competence: A Train the Trainer Course on Military Ethics."

Cook and Syse (2010)

The work of Cook and Syse (2010) entitled "What Should We Mean by Military Ethics?"states that when it comes to military ethics that there is a "great diversity of activities normally gathered under that rubric." (p.119) Military ethics is reported to be a "species of the genus 'professional ethics'. (Cook & Syse, 2010, p. 119) In other words, ethics is a service to professionals who are not actually ethics specialists but "who have to carry out the tasks entrusted to the profession as honorably and correctly as possible." (Cook & Syse, 2010, p.119) While philosophy on military ethics may be developed quite logically and be clear in conceptual terms and even debated…

Ethical Dilemma in a Department of Veterans Affairs Tertiary Healthcare Facility

Selection of the environment.

Selected environment. The environment for the proposed study will be a Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical center (hereinafter alternatively "VAMC") that provides the full complement of tertiary healthcare services. The pseudonym for the selected facility will be "Lincolnville VAMC" (because the VA's motto is derived from Lincoln's second inaugural address).

Description of environment and rationale for selection. The Lincolnville VAMC provides tertiary healthcare services for veterans living in a 25-county area in a midwestern state. Besides its operations in the main facility, the Lincolnville VAMC also operates two community-based outpatient clinics. Some of the primary services offered by the Lincolnville VAMC include:

Behavioral Health Service: This service provides consultation, evaluation, and treatment for a variety of issues that can impact emotional well-being.

2) Pharmacy: This service processes more than 80,000 prescriptions each month.

3)…

ethical dilemmas surround surrogacy and the donation of egg and/or sperm? Because surrogates are paid, is this a practice that exploits the poor, such as surrogate mothers in ndia? Why or Why not?

Egg donation and surrogacy raises ethical dilemmas on all four basic principles of medical ethics: autonomy, justice, beneficence, and non-maleficence.

Autonomy -- .

Consent has to be given freely and with full volition of the surrogate mother. Yet, most times, intense pressure is involved aside from the fact that poor women in ndia may capitulate to the need for money and be taken in by the huge sums offered. The emotional and medical pressures are immense, but these women are often grossly misinformed about the situation that they are bound to undergo. Their poverty hampers them from making the clear, informed decisions that they would otherwise need to in order to undergo the procedure. Whilst most egg…

Ethical Dilemma

It was the summer of 2001 when I discovered that a close friend of mine, Barry, had begun to abuse drugs. I still clearly remember the shock I felt when I walked into his bedroom and found him sniffing what I guessed to be cocaine. I just stood there not being able to believe what my eyes were telling me. Even today I am not quite sure whether the shock I felt was from the fact that a close friend of mine could be doing drugs, or because I just couldn't believe that a person I had known all my life could have so successfully hidden the fact from me.

The day I discovered Barry doing drugs, I couldn't do anything because of the fact that he was not in a rational state of mind and there was little to be gained from any conversation. Besides I was…

The teacher wasn't very approachale either. He seemed to e kind of cynical aout students and their "excuses" for not doing their work, and I was afraid he wouldn't elieve me. But my conscience othered me! I like to do my own work actually. Most of the time it is pretty interesting.

What I ended up doing was to e-mail the teacher and ask him for an extension. I told him aout my fever and how sick I had een and that I wanted to do the paper ut I needed more time. He actually responded positively! He said I had een a "conscientious student" all semester, so he had no prolem with giving me a few days more. I asked my cousin to give me her iliography as I figured that would save me some time, and I had almost no troule locating the sources in it online and…

Victoria seems to be dominated by the rest of the group, and does not demonstrate any leadership characteristics, in fact, she allows herself to be relegated to the background. Bill may think he is a leader, but he is too self-centered and rude to actually lead the group. He interrupts, does not pay attention, and is rude to other team members. Jensen also tends to lead. He praises others in the group, and essentially gives Erika the assignment to work on effective procedures in other companies, so he seems to know more about some of the activities of the group than Jason does. It is interesting that all the men attempt to take or take leadership roles, while the women are less aggressive. Erika does contribute and jump in, but Victoria simply shuts down when she is criticized, and Erika does not say she has done the research, Jensen brings…

Policing Dilemmas

Ethical Dilemmas in Police ork

For ethical training to be effective in a police profession then there must be continuous education and practice. Officers work in a rapidly evolving field that is in a dynamic environment and therefore will most likely encounter new challenges frequently. These challenges can be further complicated by the fact that officers must often make quick decisions in situations in which their physical safety is on the line. ithout proper training there is an increased likelihood that an officer will chose their own self-interest or preservation without regard for the ethical dilemmas that are present in their choices. This analysis will provide some ethical dilemmas that officers might encounter. Such dilemmas can also be used for learning or training purposes so that officers can practice beforehand some of the situations they may face on the job so that they are better prepared.

Ethical Dilemmas…

ethical dilemmas. The main ones described are the utilitarian, the deontologist, and the prudent pragmatic. Out of the above mentioned methods for solving and discussing ethical dilemmas prudent pragmatic appears to be the most effective and superior. This is due to composition of the prudent pragmatic method. The deontologist method calls for the analyst judging the situation to use abstract means instead of carefully weighing the merits of a particular case; they will instead focus on the ideals and values of an individual and allow those to influence their judgment. The utilitarian approach will call for the analyst in the case to value and prioritize the effect that the decision will have on the majority of the population in the case. This Chapter clearly presents the prudent pragmatic method as being superior in dealing with ethical dilemmas when being compared to the above mentioned methods. The author presents several convincing…

Ethical Dilemmas

Group

An office worker had a record of frequent absence. He used all his vacation and sick leave days and frequently requested additional leave without pay. His supervisor and co-workers expressed great frustration because his absenteeism caused bottlenecks in paperwork, created low morale in the office, and required others to do his work in addition to their own. On the other hand, he felt he was entitled to take his earned time and additional time off without pay. Was he right?

While the office worker has a legitimate reason to make use of his allotted vacation time, as this stipulation was likely agreed upon in his employment contract, choosing to request additional time off without pay presents a more complicated moral dilemma. In this case, the worker is technically entitled to take time off if he is not being compensated, but doing so necessarily affects his coworkers and…

Counseling -- Ethical Dilemma -- Case Study

A 17-year-old Jewish female student advises a counselor that she went to a party last weekend with an African-American 17-year-old boy, and ended up passed out in an upstairs bedroom. She was awakened by the boy forcing himself on her. She protested loudly, but said that no one came to help her. The client claims the counselor is the only person she has told that she was raped. For the past five days, she has endured the snickering and sneering of Derrick and his friends in the hallways "as they smugly march around with their worlds intact" while she "dies a little more inside each day." She says she has been having trouble focusing on school, and she blames herself for the incident, saying she drank way too much even though she doesn't think she had very much to drink that night. She…

achel Faybyshev

Professional Issues and Ethics in Counseling

Dr. Aaron Lieberman

Ethical Issues

Ethics and law are two concepts that are intertwined in the field of mental health though they have their own differences. According to Corey, Corey, Corey & Callahan (2014), law is a term that refers to the basic standards that will be tolerated by the society and imposed by government while ethics refers to the ideal standards that are established and imposed by professional associations. Medical professionals are faced with the need to be aware of any unethical behavior and practice since they can generate legal repercussions and affect licensure. This is an extremely important consideration for medical professionals, especially mental health practitioners who deal with situations that are likely to generate legal and ethical issues. An example of such as situation is Monique's situation, which has multiple relevant ethical and legal issues that need to be…

International medical Laboratories, acronymed as IML, is one of the largest manufacturers of biomedical equipments. The unique selling point of IML is completing heart surgeries using high class equipments. John Cannon is the man behind the structure of the German section of the company (Morris, 1997). John now aims to increase his market reach by approaching surgeons based in Germany. He targets all the clinics and hospitals of this area. John is also the marketing manager of this line of product so it is his responsibility to increase yhe company's reach in international lands. As John plans to expand the company's reach, he will need to address issues of quality, reliability and economic nationalism (Morris, 1997).

In order to establish the credibility of IML, John sets up a meeting with the known cardiovascular surgeon of the region, Dr. Hans ombach. John is sure that if Mr. ombach agrees to go…

Ethical Dilemma: Comparison to Behavior of Abramoff in Washington Circles

The objective of this study is to consider the work of Jack Abramoff, which was illegal although the company for whom he worked was completely satisfied with his work. Abramoff was a lobbying and had the ability to get laws passed. In addition, this study will detail an ethical dilemma the writer has faced at work or home and consider the decisions that were made that resulted in one part being hurt or offended regardless of the choice made. The situation will be described and the choice that the writer was faced with and why the course of action taken was chosen. The situation described in this study involves an ethical dilemma in the family, which was experienced by the writer of this work.

Introduction

Following the death of the writer's mother, the youngest sister of the writer, upon having…

Ethical Dilemma: AIDS and Needles Case

Ethical dilemmas, also considered as moral dilemmas, are circumstances that require a decision to be made between two choices, a moral and an immoral act. According to ethical dilemmas' assumption, the chooser will follow the societal norms i.e. the procedures of law or religious teachings, while making his choice that is ethically impossible (Your Dictionary 1996-2016). Employees have to choose between the company's success, as they have strong pressures to perform and their personal attractions for an easy way out. Thus, as employees face many dilemmas throughout their career, the company should arrange for their training and should assist them in taking the right decision. (Mann n.d.) People can take ethical decisions only when they recognize an issue or situation as ethical, therefore developing this ethical issue awareness should be the first step in the direction of business ethics. (Ferrell, Fraedrich & Ferrell 2011,…

Ethical Dilemma- A Framework

Ethical Dilemma

Taking into account ethical concerns is one of the key components in providing healthcare in the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship (osenbaum, 1982). Nurses face ethical uncertainty, distress and conflict in their day-to-day work. When more than one ethical value applies to a particular case, and all of them recommend following a different course of action, then an ethical dilemma exists in such a case a nurse would be not be sure of which value takes precedence (College of Nurses of Ontario, 2009). This specific case involves a 6-year-old who is by law a minor and thus a physician must obtain informed consent from their legal guardian. However, the child's primary guardian is his non-biological mother who is citing her religious reason to refuse medical treatment, while the biological father who resides in another state wants the kid to be treated, a situation that leaves the…

Ethical Analysis

Memo on a Ethical Analysis

____, Student

____ (due date)

e:

Decision making by a Healthcare Leader in case of an Ethical Dilemma

in an interview of my health care administrator of the long care health facility where I work, I asked, "How do you make a wise decision in a situation relating to an ethical dilemma?"

esponse:

Description of the Answer

It seemed like my question took the administrator by surprise perhaps he did not expect such a question when I requested for an interview. However, he looked composed and amused by my question. Confidently and leaning a little bit forward and supporting his hands on his desk, he responded. He first pointed out the numerous occasions when ethical dilemmas were evident in his health care administration career at the health facility. He said that he learnt over time through many experiences and a little consultation and…