Financial Aid Essays (Examples)

She is well-connected within the community and is confident that her business would be profitable within a year or two. She has a strong, charismatic personality and is also connected to Milwaukee's artistic community through her husband's architectural work restoring some of the city's beautiful historic buildings. She has a considerable portfolio, and occasionally sold stock photos or worked as a wedding photographer when she was in law school.

Laura realizes that in the current market, individuals and companies may be cutting back on "luxuries" like professional family and staff pictures. However, she has a range of expertise in architectural and interior photography as well as portrait and event photography. She is willing to diversify her skill set and pursue further education if necessary, although in her field an additional artistic degree would only be desirable for teaching or competing for gallery showings at a national level.

According to her…

References

College Board. (2010). Trends in college pricing, 2010. Retrieved from  http://trends.collegeboard.org/ 

Hung, a., & Yoong, J. (2010). Asking for Help: Survey and experimental evidence on financial advice and behavior change. RAND Working Paper WR-714-1.

Morris, Kenneth M., Alan M. Siegel, and Virginia B. Morris. (1995). The Wall Street Journal Guide to Planning Your Financial Future. New York: Lightbulb Press.

Parisse, a., & Richman, D. (2006). Questions Great Financial Advisors Ask… and Investors Need to Know. Chicago: Kaplan.

Student athletes do not even necessarily 'give back' to the university with four years of attendance. Basketball players flee the ranks to 'go pro' and even those who do not go to the NBA may struggle and not emerge with a degree. hat students are likely to show greater financial long-term loyalty to their university -- a student who excels academically and remembers college as the best years of his or her life? Or a student who does not graduate and sees college a stepping-stone to a professional sports career or simply as a place that discarded him or her because a sports career did not materialize as promised?

Coaches and athletic programs also receive huge salaries, because of the attention that is diverted to sports, funds that could be better spent in other areas. Lately, many prominent coaches have been drawing negative publicity for their actions, which only serves…

Works Cited

"Northeastern men's basketball program is penalized." (2009, April 25). Associated Press.

Retrieved April 25, 2009 at http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5gH3G3UvplzEvznYa46AVkBUEWuAwD97PA4580

Aid strategies or Trade Agreements more likely to relieve poverty in Sun-Saharan Africa?

Please a postgraduate essay. GUIDELINE FO THE ESSAY LINE. In assessing coursework, criteria: • elevance question • Sound ordering structuring material • Quality clarity written expression • Effective evidence • Appropriate theory • Demonstration sound understanding topic • Adequacy research analysis • Identification major themes arguments • Critical evaluation judgement • ange sources • Consistent referencing AND page numbers • Insight originality • Grammar language Please aware questions require critical analysis consideration: A] The nature continuity change global politics B] An analysis historical, politico-economic geo-political context C] Use case studies.

The development of African countries has been for decades now one of the most discussed subjects in the international arena, especially in the area of international development. There have been numerous attempts to find the proper solutions to be implemented in countries on the Black continent; however,…

References

CNN "Gem-of-a-deal spares Botswana from blood diamonds," in World, 15 decembrie 2006, available at  http://edition.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/africa/12/11/koinange.botswana/index.html 

CNN. "Your world today (transcript)" in Your World Today, 12 decembrie 2006, available at  http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0612/12/ywt.01.html 

Horvath, Ronald J. "A Definition of Colonialism." Current Anthropology, Vol. 13, No. 1, (Feb., 1972), pp. 45-57

Ministry of Education in Botswana. "The Revised National Policy On Education" in Government Paper No. 2, 1994, available at http://www.moe.gov.bw/headquarters/rnpe/RNPE%20Pages/rnpeone.htm

The applicability of Activity-Based Costing for decision making is directly linked to the influences that ABC has over process control. In this order of ideas, by better identifying the incurred costs or the overhead, managers can better monitor and control the evolution of products, prices, costs and consequently, profits. ABC identifies the costs incurred by each item in terms of resources consumed. Therefore, with the aid of ABC, organizational managements have the ability to control resource allocation.

Activity-Based Costing reveals yet another significant feature: it has the ability to evaluate the costs of not producing an item. This basically means that with the aid of the ABC, managers are able to know how much they have lost due to machine malfunctioning, product damaging, increased inventory costs or time spent waiting for a machine component to be replaced. "Activity-Based Costing therefore gives not only much better cost control, but increasingly, it…

Works Cited

Barnat, R., 2005, Strategic Control: A New Perspective, Strategic Control,  http://www.strategic-control.24xls.com/en139last  accessed on October 21, 2008

Chellasamy, P., Ligy, V.K., 2008, Activity-Based Costing - a Tool for Decision Making, Fibre 2 Fashion,  http://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/7/670/activity-based-costing-a-tool-for-decision-making1.asplast  accessed on October 21, 2008

Cooper, R., Kaplan, R.S., 1998, Design of Cost Management Systems, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall

Drucker, P.F., 2006, Classic Drucker, Harvard Business School Press

Financial Fraud Fannie Mae

eview of Fraud Schemes within Fannie Mae 1998-2004

Scope

The agency found the fraud understatements of earnings and illegal gratuities that led to accounting violations and inability to meet Wall Street goals.

The investigation of Lee Frakas, executive of a major mortgage company which had dealings with Fannie Mae with hundreds of fake mortgages. The Securities Exchange Commission cited that Fannie Mae had to repay earnings and correct their books for the period 2001 through 2004. This major undertaking will cost the company over $11 billion by SEC estimates. In addition the Department of Justice has conducted a criminal investigation on the board members.

Summary

The top executive managing Fannie Mae were found guilty of illegally reporting accounting information that led to their receiving million dollar payments. Under Fraudulent Financial Statement Schemes this case is one of corruption and financial fraud. The specific areas include Illegal…

References

Associated Press. (2006). Fannie Mae manipulated accounting. Retrieved January 19, 2012 from  http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/12923225/ns/business-corporate_scandals/t/report-fannie-mae-manipulated-accounting/# 

Schoenberg, T. (2011). Silence on taylor bean opened the way to $3 billion fraud. Retrieved January 19, 2012 from  http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/926704/posts

Aid to Dependent Corporations

The government of United States is incurring heavy revenue loss on account of the corporate sector subsidies and other special rebates. The friendly policies of the government aimed at promoting a positive business climate are sadly being exploited. In their interests to evade tax, businesses today are taking undue advantage of the favorable federal policies. In this regard I feel that our governments tax policies and corporate procedures need to be reexamined in order to eliminate the loopholes in them and at the same time support the common welfare schemes. Let us analyze the scenario in a little detail so that we can better appreciate the situation.

One by one our leading business corporations are reeling under accounting scams. I need not mention how well such a giant corporation like 'Enron' managed to disguise its financial information from the government and the stockholders. In the prevailing…

Bibliography

Chuck Collins, "Dollars & Sense," 'Aid to dependent corporations: exposing federal handouts to the wealthy', May-June 1995, pg 15

As they are showing the total impact that the activities of business operations are having on its profitability.

When you look at the two different forms of analysis side by side, it is clear that they are playing an interconnected role. Where, business analysis and planning will tell you the various external challenges facing an organization. While financial analysis and planning, will tell you the effect of these issues are having on the balance sheet. This helps Hyrbitech to understand the overall scope of the problems they are facing and how they could adapt to them. As a result, the combination of the two different forms of analysis would identify specific factors that are facing the business and how it is impacting their overall bottom line. This would help Hybritech to seek out alliances and partnerships that could improve collaboration, as well as provide the company with the additional funding…

Bibliography

"Hybritech Incorporated." Darden. N.d. 1- 29. Print.

"Porter's Five Forces Model." Strategic Management. N.d. Print.

"Understanding the Metric Wars." N.d. 427 -- 465. Print

MLA Format.  http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/01/

Aside the attraction of customers, the money invested in marketing have created the desired outcome of a strong and reputable brand. Another pivotal element in the financial strategies has been that of maximizing the efficiency of managing inventories. This was necessary in order to continually strengthen the brand as well as achieve the profitability goals. Alongside with operating principles, supply-chain renovation and inventory management, financial management represents the pillar of the Nike business model (Filbeck, Krueger and Preece, 2007).

7. Discussion

It is extremely difficult to generalize the approaches of multinational organizations to financial management as each individual entity will employ those courses of action which best suit its needs as well as its characteristics. Whilst Ford continued to invest its resources in the manufacturing of large and luxurious vehicles in an attempt to drive the market, McDonald's has recognized the necessity in satisfying customer needs and has as such…

References:

Adams, B., 2007, McDonald's Strange Menu Around the World, Trifter,  http://www.economywatch.com/finance/financial-management.html  last accessed on July 13, 2009

Filbeck, G., Krueger, T., Preece, D., 2007, CFO Magazine's "Working Capital Survey": Do Selected Firms Work for Shareholders? Quarterly Journal of Business and Economics, Vol. 46

Nizamuddin, A.M., 2007, Multinational Corporations and Economic Development: The Lessons of Singapore, International Social Science Review, Vol. 82

Schindehutte, M., Morris, M.H., Kocak, A., 2008, Understanding market-Driving Behavior: The Role of Entrepreneurship, Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 46

7. Overall Performance

Lufthansa is one of the strongest corporations of the globe and a major player on the European airline market. Its success is obvious in the satisfaction of their customers or the fact that their employees love working for the company, and it often materializes in opportunities for growth and development. Throughout the past recent years, the German airline organization has managed to increase its customer base, its fleet as well as its product offering. But these are not the sole indicators of prosperity. The financial analysis of Lufthansa revealed a strong economic agent. Despite the existence of some few issues which…

References

April 3, 2007, World Airlines, Flight International

2009, Investopedia, http://www.investopedia.comlast accessed on February 11, 2009

2009, Deutsche Lufthansa AG, Reuters,  http://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/ratios?symbol=LHAG.DElast  accessed on February 11, 2009

2009, Website of the Lufthansa Group, last accessed on February 11, 2009

During times of extreme pressure from the supply or demand side, the central bank is prepared to go in and support the currency, to help provide stability. This is significant because traders around the world; will use the major currencies as a way to hedge themselves against different risks. Where, they will view the weakness of one country's currency as a sign that they could be facing a number of different economic challenges. (Fixed vs. Floating Exchange Rate, 2007) a good example of this can be seen with the ritish pound, where the ank of England decided to keep interest rates at .5%. This is important, because the increase in rates could be seen as a sign that economic stability could be returning to the country, which would help to reverse the downward pressure on the pound. However, the fact that they decided to keep interest rates unchanged, means that…

Bibliography

12 Myths of International Trade, 1999, Meti, viewed 3 May 2010,

Bank of England's Decision Affects Pounds Performance, 2010, to Forex News, view 3 May 2010,

Bretton Woods Agreement, 2010, Investopedia, viewed 2 May 2010, .

Fixed vs. Floating Exchange Rate, 2007, Article Base, view 3 May 2010,

As per IC Sec. 1033(h), the tax rules for the replacement of those properties destroyed or converted in such cases are eased and the overall replacement period extended as well. "Some rules were also revised like the 'ev. ule 95-22' which considers the funds received for the primary residence as well as scheduled property such as jewelry, pieces of art, coins, etc. which had been insured, as funds for a single item of property." (IS, Tax Law Changes elated to Hurricanes Katrina, ita and Wilma) These funds were to be considered as a "common pool" of proceeds from which the gains realized by the taxpayer could be to the extent of the amount exceeding the expenses after meeting a suitable replacement property. This revised rule also clarifies that the replacement property could refer to the residence being replaced or any scheduled private property "in any proportion." (Kess, Hurricane Katrina tax…

References

Agnew, Christine, L. Come Hell and high water: Can the tax code solve the post-

Katrina insurance crisis?

Brown, D.M. Hurricane Katrina: The First Seven Days of America's Worst Natural

Disaster. Kessinger Publishing. 2005.

Financial Management - Personal Investment Decision for a Public Company

Financial Statistics

ationale for Toyota

atio analysis

Stock price analysis

Foreign Interests

Toyota Motor Corporation, which is recognized as is one of the most exhilarating productions in the automobile business these days. The company is one of the most economical corporations all over the world and has appreciated a record setting achievement for a very long time. In the previous years, the worldwide automobile industry has been overwhelmed by soaring gas prices, and hard-hitting environmental protection laws. With that even being said, it has not been a walk in the park for Toyota, but to no gain the company has been one of the most effective establishments so far. Toyota Motor Corporation has also been one of the manufacturing leaders in creating new and innovative technologies that take advantage of the productions existing barriers. There are a lot of things…

References

Bryce, H.J. (2007). "Financial and Strategic Management for Nonprofit Organizations." Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall,.

Campos, F. (2010). "As funding dries up, nonprofits must work harder.." Pacific Business News,, 34(8), 34-56.

Elliot, S. (2014). Toyota Motor Corporation. The New York Times, 34(9).

Herrold, C.Y. (2012). "How to Carve a Pie." Foundation News and Commentary,. Foundation News and Commentary, 41(4), 45-67.

Despite increased student fees, the UC still encountered a $500 million shortfall or $2,500 per student. It has been undergoing severe pressure from the impact of the cuts. The quality of education at the U.S. has remained high, but there have been disturbing signs of erosion, nevertheless. The widening gap between the UC and the best private university has been alarming because the UC competes for the top teachers and students with these private universities. This widening gap should be a critical concern to the state and the federal governments because even excellent private universities are too small to meet California's or the nation's needs for a well-educated workforce in the future, to come up with innovations needed to fuel the economy and to generate jobs, and to introduce medical advances for the use and care of the sick and disabled. In the past decade, California's private research universities, Stanford,…

Bibliography

Clinton, P. (2002). The student aid conundrum. University Business: 4 pages.

Professional Media Group LLC

Darling, B.B. (2005). Hearing testimony. 5 pages. California Senate Subcommittee on Higher Education. Retrieved January 26, 2007 at  http://www.ucop.edu/uersvp/speeches/Speier_Hearing_Nov_9_2005.pdf 

Dervarics, C. (2006). Congress approves cuts to student loan programs. 1 page. Diverse Issues on Higher Education: Cox, Matthews and Associates

student aid programs.

Student finance aid can be described as funds given to the student to make it easy for them to fix cost of education such as fee and tuition, room and board, supplies and books where the students are undertaking their education like in universities, colleges or private schools.The funds which is being given out to public educations by government in general is known as financial aid meaning that it is being given to particular students, Financial aid can also be referred to as scholarship, although scholarship has some other components like students loans and grants.Loans are finance that one lend and must be paid back with an intrest after a period of time.In the case of student loan the money will be taken back after graduating.Aid is the help one is given.

All the U.S. states governments and The United States government offer loans, grants and work…

Work cited

Berkeley (December 2009)"students debt "Schackner Pittsburgh Post Gazette

Fetterman Mindy (2006)"Young people struggle to deal witht kiss of debts "USA Today

Kantrowitz, Mark (2010-03-26). "Student Loans - The New York Times." Nytimes.com.  http://www.nytimes.com/info/student-loans/?inline=nyt-classifier . Retrieved 2011-02-07.

Schemo, Diana Jean (June 10, 2007) "Private loan deepen acrisis in student Debt "by new York times Tim Grant,(July 29,2009) "student loan puts college graduates into deep financial hole" Pittsburgh Post Gazette

These steps have been reiterated within the effectual conditions in the market. The marketing techniques used normally relate to the essential features of reflecting the best approaches of work within the government. This happens as done in the United States of America and many other nations that strive to live within a sound mechanism of growth and development in the field. As a way reflecting the best forms of performance, it has become a common feature to analyze the consequences of the Federal grants in aid programs under the legal frameworks and other humanitarian theories. These are theories that try to bring the best forms of growth and development in the field (Araral et al., 2001).

The policy problems that can be reflected in such a way are those related to the equality to access and make use of the grants as offered by the government. The mechanisms of performance…

References

Araral, E, et al. (2001). Routledge Handbook of the Policy Process. New York: Routledge

Dervarics, C. (2009). Financial Aid Program Changes Take Effect. Diverse Issues in Higher

Education, Volume 26, Issue 11, p. 8-16

Edwin B.J. (2007). George W. Bush's Federal Aid Legacy. Publius, Volume 37, Issue 3, pp.

But my annual expenditures are estimated at about 21,400, which mean that I will lack 3,400 to keep this level of my expenses up.

Professionally prepared personal financial statements can be required to admit in many different situations, such as various financial transactions; working out estate, retirement, or other financial plan; making a guarantee; identifying the property before signing the marriage contract or under a divorce proceeding; running for a public office; or, of course, obtaining a loan. In my current financial situation, I am considering obtaining a student loan to pay for my future studies and meet my financial needs. In this very situation I will have to provide a clear financial statement of my current assets and liabilities. This will give the bank the precise information on what kind of borrower I am.

I would like to apply for financial aid from the state. If I do not…

In fact, as recently as October 11, 2005, Tim Beyers of the Motley Fool pointed to the 38% increase in the closing price of ITT's stock from a year ago at the same time, and suggested that the company is "worthy of further investigation" (Beyers, 2005, p. 4).

2.4.2

Weaknesses. Although Apollo has not fared well in recent months, ITT's competitors continue to represent a major threat to the company's efforts to capture additional market share in this dynamic industry; the company's initiatives to attract increasing numbers of minority students, though, together with its emphasis on developing new degree programs that reflect current market demand may serve to offset this increased competition.

2.5

Critical Issues. The most critical issues facing the company today are the pending investigations by the SEC and the Department of Justice (see further discussion in 4.0 Business isk Assessment below).

3.0

Business Leverage

3.1

Operating leverage.…

References

Beyers, T. (2005, October 15). Who's buying now? The Motley Fool. [Online]. Available:

 http://www.fool.com/news/commentary/2005/commentary05101107.htm?source=eptyhol  nk303100& logvisit=y& npu=y& bounce=y& bounce2=y.

Coffee, M.N. (2004, August 8). For-profit schools attracting minorities -- colleges graduating higher percentage of black males than nonprofits. Daily Herald, 2.

Company profile: ITT Educational Services, Inc. (2005). Yahoo! Finance. [Online].

International Humanitarian Aid: Aims vs. Outcome

Humanitarian aid represents a commitment to support vulnerable host populations that have experienced a sudden emergency, requiring ongoing assistance to maintain or improve their quality of life.[1] Over the past 15 years the number of humanitarian agencies, private organizations, governments (taxpayers), corporations, individuals and other stakeholders have grown enormously.[2][3] This group of diverse donors have differing mandates, values, goals, strategies, actors and activities, but most function under one universal humanitarian principle: to protect the vulnerable by decreasing morbidity and mortality, alleviate suffering and enhance well-being, human dignity, and quality of life. However, many stakeholders believe that humanitarian aid has been unsuccessful in delivering on these promises through lack of coordination and duplication of services. This results in a failure to meet the needs of those meant to benefit. Indeed humanitarian aid with its diverse mandates, roles, people, time lines and funding, as well as…

Financial Stakeholders in a Business

Main financial stakeholders, their power and influence in a business

Stakeholders refer to people affected or have an interest in the objectives and operations of the business. The business has a variety of stakeholder segments, which have been broadly categorized as follows:

The classification of stakeholders varies in terms of interests to the activities of the business and their power to influence key decisions. The fact is that key stakeholders do not enjoy equality in terms of their influence and power. This is evident across all business sectors. Senior managers tend to have more influence compared to mere environmental activists (Schaltegger & Burritt, 2010). The table below defines the main financial stakeholders and their impact on the business:

Main financial stakeholders

Main Interests

Impact on the Business

Shareholders

Dividends, share price growth and profit growth

Election of directors

Banks & other Lenders

Principal and interest…

References

Cowton, C., & Haase, M. (2008). Trends in business and economic ethics. Berlin: Springer.

Dawkins, S. (2007). CIMA Exam Practice Kit Management Accounting Decision Management: 2007 Edition. Burlington: Elsevier Science & Technology.

Dayananda, D. (2012). Capital budgeting: Financial appraisal of investment projects. Cambridge [u.a.: Cambridge Univ. Press.

Lewis, R., & Trevitt, R. (2013). Financial accounting. Cheltenham: Nelson Thomas.

Financial atios of a Prospective Borrower

Financial ratio analysis is a quantitative tool used to analyze financial standing of a business entity. The ratio analysis can also be used to compare financial capabilities of companies in different industries. This paper discusses how financial ratios can be used to answer questions about the management, marketing, and production capabilities of a prospective borrower. The paper also identifies ratios that demonstrate management competency and are mandatory to a financial services regulator.

atios demonstrating Production, Management, and Marketing Capabilities of a prospective Borrower

In the contemporary business environment, firms rely on loans from banks to improve their business operations. However, before a bank or other financial institutions can offer loans to organizations, they have to evaluate management competency, production, and marketing capabilities of a prospective borrower. The bank uses different financial ratios to analyze production efficiency of a prospective borrower.

An efficiency ratio is…

Reference

Investopedia (2015). Ratio Analysis: Using Financial Ratios. Investopedia Inc.

Morning Star. (2016). Apple Inc. AAPL. Morning Star Inc.

Apple Financials

Major Line of Business

Apple designs and markets consumer electronics. The company has a strategy of integration that sees it as a designer of both software and hardware, which is unique in the industry. Apple competes as a differentiated player, with products priced at the high end of their respective ranges. The major business lines for Apple are as follows. In the 2015 fiscal year, the iPhone contributed $155 billion in revenue out of a company total of $233 billion. The Mac line of computers contributed $25 billion, iPad $23 billion, services nearly $20 billion and other products a further $10 billion. The iPhone saw a strong increase in sales for the fiscal year, while the iPad experienced a substantial decline in sales. Sales are spread around the world. The Americas is the largest geographic segment with $93.8 billion. This is followed by Greater China, with $58.7 billion…

References

Apple Inc. Form 10-K for the 2015 fiscal year. Retrieved February 20, 2016 from http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/AAPL/1569293306x0x861262/2601797E-6590-4CAA-86C9-962348440FFC/2015_Form_10-K_As-filed_.pdf

Mead, C., Stilwell, V. & Gangar, S. (2013). Apple's $145 billion in cash fails to win AAA debt rating. Bloomberg. Retrieved February 20, 2016 from  http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-04-24/apple-s-145-billion-in-cash-fails-to-win-aaa-debt-rating 

MSN Moneycentral (2016) Apple Inc. Retrieved February 20, 2016 from  http://www.msn.com/en-us/money/stockdetails/analysis/fi-126.1.AAPL.NAS 

Niu, E. (2015). Will Apple, Inc. raise its dividend in 2016? Motley Fool. Retrieved February 20, 2016 from  http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2015/12/19/will-apple-inc-raise-its-dividend-in-2016.aspx

Aid

The United States has been one of the most affluent countries of the world. Because of this fact, the country has established a history of providing aid and comfort to other groups around the world who are suffering because of economic, agricultural, or other turmoil for whatever reason, whether it be failure of government, war, or natural disaster. Some advocate that this is the rightful position of more wealthy countries and populations, to provide assistance to those who are less fortunate. This is certainly true to some extent. However, when a nation is in times of difficulty itself, like the United States is currently embroiled in, it is more important that the government provide aid to its own citizens than looking at what it can do outside the nation's borders. On an individual level, it would certainly be nice for wealthy persons to assist their fellow men and women…

Works Cited:

Narveson, Jan. "We Don't Owe Them a Thing." The Monist. 86:3. 419-433. Print.

Singer, Peter. "Famine, Affluence, and Morality." Philosophy and Public Affairs. 1:1. 1972. 229-

243. Print.

The article that was written by Conley (2011) discusses the impact that collateralized debt obligations (CDO's) would have upon the subprime loans. These were created in 1987, by the Wall Street firm Drexel urnham. In this product, the investment bankers would take a number of different articles and combine them together as one investment. The various assets that were used included: junk bonds, mortgages and other high yielding investments from the debt. The idea with these different products is that the investment bank could offer customers a stated return on their investment. The way it worked is the brokerage firm would distribute each investor, the stated amount of returns that they would make off of the tranche (the CDO investment). This was derived using a complex mathematical formula that would divide the total amount of interest that was received, from the various high yielding products that were inside the CDO.…

Bibliography

Case Study, 2011, Investopedia. Available from: [14 February 2011]

Citi Merger a Mistake, 2008, Huffington Post. Available from: [14 February 2011].

Deregulation Redux, 2011, FCIC. Available from: {14 February 2011].

Derivatives, 2011, Financial Dictionary. Available from: [12 February 2011].

financial statements by business entities. The purpose of this is so that one can understand about the business cash, how the business acquired or generated it, how it was used and in what ways and tomorrow's business plans, financial position of a business, performances and its position. The paper will go ahead to analyze if there is any significance of cash for the survival of a business and the impacts of the various financial sets. The arguments that will prevail will be based on the importance of the different financial statements to a business survival.

Cash is a crucial constituent of a business and I do agree that a business cannot survive without it. 'As a matter of fact the main aim and goal of a business is to generate cash and profits not only in the short run but also in the long-term.' (Minnery, 2006) Every business has everyday…

Works Cited

Elliot.B, 2005, Financial Accounting and Reporting; Financial Times/Prentice Hall, United Kingdom

Graham B. 1998, The Interpretation of Financial Statements Harper Business, amazon

Minnery.B. 2006, 'Don't question the importance of cash flow' The independent, viewed date 28 May 2006, www.independent.co.uk

MoneyInstructor.com. 2009, The importance of cash flow statement; viewed; Aug 19, 2009 www.moneyinstructor.com/doc/importance....

financial funding system for Amtrak doesn't work and what can be done about it.

Review current materials on the issue.

Amtrak is doomed to failure, even with government subsidies if it does not improve service, become more efficient and find ways to increase revenue not just rider-ship.

[Amtrak]

Congress initially created Amtrak in 1970 as a for-profit organization, offering national rail service. It was signed into existence in 1971 and to date has never produced a profit. In 1997, Congress's Amtrak Reform and Accountability Act stipulated that the rail system had to achieve operational sufficiency by the end of 2002 and prohibits Amtrak from using any federal funds for operating expenses after fiscal 2002.

Rail travel has a lot of benefits to offer passengers who do not want to endure the hassles of flying or some of the negative effects of long flights. Rail travel is more comfortable and provides…

Sources

Amtrak Funding Brighter. www.UTENEWS/webpaper.com1999

The Amtrak Funding Scandal. www.davidmrowell.com/travelJune 28, 2002.

Joseph Vranich. Edward L. Hudgins. "Help Passenger Rail by Privatizing Amtrak." Policy Analysis. Nov. 2001.

200 Million in Supplemental Funding for Amtrak. http://www.bernie.house.com.June 2002.

According to these analysts, "The implicit assumption underlying the price-to-earnings method is that the fair market value of the closely held business can be approximated from the market value of comparable publicly traded businesses. To implement this method, the valuator must be able to identify a set of presumed-to-be comparable publicly traded companies and obtain sufficient information on each to verify the extent of comparability from an economic, management, and financial perspective. No publicly traded company will be precisely comparable to the closely held business being valued, so informed judgment must be exercised" (p. 81). As a general rule, the smaller in size and the more limited the scope of activities of the business being valued, the less likely there will be a set of publicly traded companies that are comparable, or even a single comparable publicly traded company. Publicly traded companies are for the most part large, measured in…

References

Allen, M.F. & Cote, J. 2005, "Creditors' Use of Operating Cash Flows: An Experimental

Study." Journal of Managerial Issues 17(2): 198-199.

"Asset/equity ratio." 2009, Investor Glossary. [Online]. Available: http://www.investorglossary.

com/asset-equity-ratio.htm.

Deconstructing Accounting for Groupon, Inc.

The overall corporate objectives of Groupon, Inc., is to function as the proverbial middleman for an increasingly growing global marketplace. More specifically, Groupon seeks to connect any variety of merchants to customers for a wide array of products and services. From a corporate perspective, the company seeks to achieve this objective in an international manner. To reach this end, it has stratified its business into three different codifications which includes the U.S. and Canada in North America, Africa the Middle East and Europe, and the rest of the world in what is considered international operations. Moreover, there are a couple of critical strategies that the company utilizes to fulfill the aforementioned corporate goals. It is able to facilitate the attainment of the previously mentioned goods and services at discounted rates to attract customers. Additionally, it utilizes a variety of technological processes for the purpose of…

Likewise, other economic circumstances such as the decreasing trend of the average Americans income are also contributing to the extreme bout of pessimism the nation is currently experiencing. It is no secret that the economy is not as robust as it once was, with unemployment around 8%. Many states such as Florida and Nevada are experiencing unemployment rates still near the 10% range. As such the pricing of the product must be appropriate. In these instances, the product will be prices in line with those of competitors. Through the use of promotion however, the establishment of a known and consistent brand will allows our product to stand out relative to others.

Over the past decade, earnings for the typical American have stagnated or in some instances decreased. As such, the price of the deodorant product must reflect the changing purchasing power of American citizens. Meanwhile, the average earnings of the…

References

1) "Consumer Spending." Federal Reserve. Web. 05 Dec. 2011. .

2) Downs, Stephen. "E-learning 2.0." Elearn Magazine:. Oct. 2005. Web. 30 Mar. 2012. .

Financial Statements

McDonalds is a fast food restaurant chain that operates globally. The company is the leader in the industry, and is one of the most recognized brands in the world.

The income statement can reveal a number of things about a company. First, it reveals the revenues that the company has earned. McDonalds has seen its revenues fluctuate over the past three years. In 2012, revenues were $27.567 billion. They increased to just over $28 billion in 2013 but then fell back again in 2014 to $27.441 billion. The second valuable piece of information from the income statement is the company's expenses. These are broken down into different categories but overall the operating expenses were reduced in 2013 and then spiked back up in 2014. As a result of these changes, the third bit of useful information is revealed -- the net income. McDonalds has seen a substantial decline…

References

2014 McDonalds Annual Report. Retrieved October 17, 2015 from  https://www.aboutmcdonalds.com/content/dam/AboutMcDonalds/Investors/McDonald 's%202014%20Annual%20Report.PDF

"Guide to SEC Filings" (no date). In possession of the author.

MSN Moneycentral (2015) McDonalds Corp. Retrieved October 17, 2015 from  http://www.msn.com/en-us/money/stockdetails?symbol=MCD&ocid=qbeb 

Yahoo! Finance (2015) McDonalds: Cash flow statement. Retrieved October 17, 2015 from  http://finance.yahoo.com/q/cf?s=MCD+Cash+Flow&annual

Financial Empowerment for Minorities

As we all know financial empowerment is essential to the success of any group of people. People of color are no exception to this statement. The following essay will seek to uncover the keys to financial empowerment for people of color. e will discuss keys such as education, unity, and entrepreneurship.

Education

The first key to financial empowerment for minorities is education. Education is the most critical aspect of financial empowerment because education grants individuals with opportunities and freedom which are impossible to gain in any other manner. It is imperative that people of color recognize the importance of financial management and the various functions of the economy.

Financial Management allows individuals to save and invest in a manner that is conducive to gaining financial stability and empowerment. Likewise understanding the economic environment ensures that people of color will make the proper financial decisions at the…

Works Cited

About Us. 3 Source Technology.  http://3sourcetech.com/01comprofile

Globalism Influenced 1997 Asian Financial Crisis, Effects Japan

The Asian financial crisis took place during an era of financial crisis that effected a great part of East Asia. The whole nightmare started in July 1997 and the disaster raised a lot of fears of a universal economic collapse because of financial infection. The tragedy happened in Thailand with the monetary failure of the Thai baht right after the Thai administration was enforced to drift the baht for the reason that the lack of foreign currency in order to support its secure rate of exchange (United Nations). This cut its peg to the U.S. dollar, after thorough efforts to support it in the encounter of a critical financial over-delay that was in part driven by real estate. However, globalism not only influenced the 1997 crisis, but also caused Japan to not only become asymmetrical but also caused financial instability in the…

Works Cited

Asian Financial Crisis. 4 August 2010.  http://www.actionforex.com/articles-library/financial-glossary/asian-financial-crisis-20041204325/ . 4 November 2015.

Blustein, Paul. "The Chastening: Inside the Crisis that Rocked the Global Financial System and Humbled the IMF." PublicAffairs, 7 August 2009.

Nanto, Dick K. "THE 1997-98 ASIAN FINANCIAL CRISIS." CRS Report. 7 February 1998.  http://fas.org/man/crs/crs-asia2.htm .

Pempel, T. J. The Politics of the Asian Economic Crisis. . Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2009.

Strategic and Financial Analysis of Office Depot

Company Overview

Office Depot Strategic Analysis

Porter 5 Analysis

Office Depot Strategies

Office Depot Profitability

Annotated Bibliography

In a contemporary business environment, a strategic planning is one of the effective tools that an organization employs to achieve competitive market advantages. This paper carries out a strategic analysis of Office Depot, and identifies Office Depot as one of the Fortune 500. While Office Depot has recorded a consistent increase in total revenues, however, the company has recorded a net income loss in the last three years. The findings of the SWOT analysis and Porter 5 analysis reveal that Office Depot lacks distinct competencies to differentiate itself in the market. Typically, product differentiation, cost leaderships, and resources capabilities are the effective tools to achieve strategic market advantages. Although, Office Depot has resources, however, the company lacks effective strategic planning to achieve competitive market advantages. The…

elevance

Materiality

Quantitative

The Financial Year/Accounting Period Concept

Application of Literature eview into practice for IKEA's 3-year (2009-2010-2011) financial reports

What is missing and ok in the reports? The good and bad points of eports based on Literature eview.

103-year comparative ratio analysis and their interpretations

Literature eview of "Strategic Management Accounting Concept" and its application to facilitate the IKEA's ambitions for the future.

The concept of financial reporting is important to each and every organization. The information contained in financial reports is important since it helps in the reduction of financial risks while also acting as a tool for corporate governance (Kothari,2000; Berndt,2007).Financial report must have a series of desirable characteristics. In this paper, we use IKEA's financial reports in evaluating the desirable characteristics of financial reports. Also discussed is the possible effects of using the concepts of strategic management accounting and its methods in the promotion and facilitation…

References

Beuselinck, C. & Manigart, S. (2007). Financial Reporting Quality in Private Equity Backed Companies: The Impact of Ownership Concentration. Small Business Economics, 29, 261-274.

Dabor, EL., Adeyemi, SB (2009).Corporate Governance and the credibility of financial statements in Nigeria. Journal of Business Systems, Governance and Ethics. Vol 4, (1)

Datamonitor (2012). Ikea Group.  http://www.datamonitor.com/store/Product/ikea_group?productid=6878C795-4BCB-4C85-A319-6F33C508FD80 

Dechow, P.M., Sloan, R.G. & Sweeney, A.P. (1996). Causes and consequences of earnings manipulation: An analysis of firms subject to enforcement actions by the SEC. Contemporary Accounting Research, 13(1), 1-36.

(b) a birth parent, or another person acting on the parent's behalf, may receive or accept payments authorized in subsection (a) of this section; or a provider of a service listed in subsection (a) of this section may receive or accept payments for that service (N.C. Gen. Stat. § 48-10-103(a-b)(2010)).

Therefore, if Kippi were acting on behalf of an adoptive parent, her payments to the client may have been permissible under the law. Moreover, because the money would have come from the adoptive parent, rather than from Kippi herself, it might not have violated any ethical rules. There does not seem to be evidence of such a scenario in this case; however, it does provide a scenario in which Kippi's actions might be considered ethical, making it clear that, to determine the ethics of the scenario, one would need to know why the client was seeking the assistance of Legal…

References

N.C. Gen. Stat. § 48-10-103 (2010).

Pritchett Burch PLLC v. Boyd, 2005 N.C. App. LEXIS 540,16;169 N.C. App. 118; 609 S.E.2d

Rev. R. Prof. Conduct N.C. St. B. 1.8(e), 2003 Ann. R. (N.C.) 625.

Rev. R. Prof. Conduct N.C. St. B. 1.8(e) cmt., 2003 Ann. R. (N.C.) 625.

Because the home country is not required to reimburse foreign depositors for losses, there is no corresponding financial penalty for lax supervision; there is, though, a benefit to the country with lenient regulatory policies because of increased revenues generated and the employment opportunities these services provide (Edwards 1999). Furthermore, banks seeking to conduct multinational business are attracted to countries where incorporation laws and the regulatory framework offer less regulatory oversight (Edwards 1999). The quid pro quo nature of offshore financial services is clearly indicated by Edwards's observation that, "Multinational banks provide the offshore financial centre with increased tax revenue and employment for its citizens. Because the benefits outweigh the costs, offshore financial centres have a powerful incentive to maintain lenient regulatory policies. As a result, multinational banks incorporated in an offshore financial center successfully avoid supervision by an effective home country regulator" (1999, p. 1267). Given the scope of the…

References

Black's Law Dictionary. (1999). St. Paul, MN: West Publishing Co.

Boise, C.M. & Morriss, a.P. (2009). 'Change, Dependency, and Regime Plasticity in Offshore Financial

Intermediation: the Saga of the Netherlands Antilles.' Texas International Law Journal, vol. 45,

no. 2, pp. 377-379.

The National Defense Education Act was the outcome of a bill that was present before the Sputnik scare.

While the categorical aid as described in the 1958 and 1965 legislation allowed some room for negotiations on the state-church issue, it yet faced another problem due to the opposition that did not want a federal control over their states. This dragged the implementation process of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. It was in the interest of the federal government to keep a check on how the funds that they allocated were being spent thus federal control was inevitable. The resistance however did not want any intervention and thus opposed any control and checks by the federal government.

There was a Public Law 94-142 passed in 1975 which was in favor for the education of handicapped children. The passing of this law experienced a slow but sure professional change in approach.…

References

The U.S. department of Education. "The Federal Role in Education" [online website] Available at  http://www.ed.gov/about/overview/fed/role.html?src=ln [Accessed on 01/09/2005]

Laurence H. Tribe, American Constitutional Law (Minneola, NY: The Foundation Press, second edition, 1988)

W. Brooke Graves, American Intergovernmental Relations: Their Origins, Historical Development and Current Status (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1964)

Keith W. Olson. The GI Bill, the Veterans, and the Colleges (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1974)

In this case there are differences due to the income level of the person who is replying.

The Americans who are making more than $34,000 a year generally say that the persons getting aid from welfare could manage their own lives without help from the government if they really tried, while the replies from the lower income groups feel that they could not manage. This continues on in the opinion of the comparatively richer group to say that the people getting poverty assistance could manage without assistance as they get the assistance without having to do anything for it. This continues on with persons having little knowledge of the changes in law that has come up. Only half the respondents were aware of the changes in the law. However of the persons who are aware of the changes in the law 61% think that the new law is working well,…

References

America's most costly welfare recipients are Fortune 500 companies. Cato Institute News Releases. June 30, 1999. Retrieved at  http://www.cato.org/new/catonew-06-99.html . Accessed on 30 June, 2005

Bumpass, Larry. Ryder, N.B. The Changing Contexts of Parenting in the United States. Retrieved at  http://parenthood.library.wisc.edu/Bumpass/Bumpass.html . Accessed on 29 June, 2005

Cauchon, Dennis. State, local spending up despite downturn. USA Today. 14 January, 2003. Retrieved at  http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2003-01-14-state-budgets-usat_x.htm . Accessed on 30 June, 2005

Danziger, Sheldon; Loury, Glenn; Murray, Charles; Wilkins, Roger. Does Welfare Cause Illegitimacy? 9 April, 1994. Retrieved at http://www.mugu.com/cgi-bin/Upstream/murray-loury-welfareAccessed on 29 June, 2005

Bush, who declared that corporations which jeopardized the investments and jobs of millions of individuals should pay their dues. The United States Senate and the House of epresentatives also became involved and proposed numerous modifications.

The pillar of the changes occurred in financial reporting after the accounting scandals is based on increased transparency and more support in conducting audit operations. The XBL system for instance will allow the Securities and Exchange Commission to conduct analyses in a more efficient manner. All efforts to improve the financial reporting system have been condensed into the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. It represents the most important regulatory act of the past 70 years and it is applicable all around the world; it addresses issues that refer to all players in the corporate reporting chain.

eferences

Bautista, L.., 2004, Implications and Effects of Sarbanes-Oxley Act, Securities and Exchange Commission, etrieved at http://www.adbi.org/conf-seminar-papers/2006/03/30/1739.implications.effects.sarbanesoxley/onMarch 13, 2009

Cooper, C., 2007,…

References

Bautista, L.R., 2004, Implications and Effects of Sarbanes-Oxley Act, Securities and Exchange Commission, Retrieved at  http://www.adbi.org/conf-seminar-papers/2006/03/30/1739.implications.effects.sarbanesoxley/onMarch  13, 2009

Cooper, C., 2007, Extraordinary Circumstances: The Journey of a Corporate Whistleblower, John Wiley and Sons

Lee, H., Effects of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and SEC Final Rulings on Auditor Independence, SUNY Institute of Technology, Retrieved at http://www.sba.muohio.edu/abas/2003/vancouver/lee_auditor%20independence.pdfonMarch 13, 2009

Malpass, a., June 2, 2002, hp_:I/help animals.net/news artic/91719, Quoted by Hannon

For the year June 2000 there were 5,780,543 TANF families as against 14,111,992 TANF families during January 1993. (Total TANF ecipients by State)

Graph

The following graph shows the percentage of the U.S. population on Welfare since 1960. As it can be seen that there was a gradual rise from the year 1960 when the program was launched till 1972 after which there was a plateau phase till 1978. It remained range bound from 1979 till 1990 with minor rise and fall. The years 1993 and 1994 was the peak with more than 5.5% of the U.S. population covered under TANF. After 1994, coverage came down sharply from 1996 till 1999 when it was 2.5%. (Statistics: Percentage of U.S. Population on Welfare since 1960)

Percentage of the U.S. Population on Welfare Since 1960 http://www.acf.dhhs.gov/news/stats/uspops.gif

eferences

Action Alert- Ask for a Multiyear TANF Extension with Significant Child Care Funding. etrieved at…

References

Action Alert- Ask for a Multiyear TANF Extension with Significant Child Care Funding. Retrieved at  http://www.results.org/website/article.asp?id=965Accessed  on 12 May, 2005

Administration for Children and Families: Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Program. Retrieved at  http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ofa/exsumcl.htm . Accessed on 12 May, 2005

Besharov, Douglas J. The Past and Future of Welfare Reform. Retrieved at  http://www.welfareacademy.org/pubs/welfare/pastandfuture.pdf . Accessed on 12 May, 2005

Gorman, Angie O. Playing the Rules and Still Losing Ground. Retrieved at  http://www.americamagazine.org/gettext.cfm?articleTypeID=1&textID=2419&issueID=397Accessed  on 12 May, 2005

In addition, the article suggests that that Barack Obama may be able to step into the role of negotiator, serving as a mediator between the hostile nations.

UL: "Will the elationship Change? Yes it Can" (2009, February 12). etrieved February 12, 2009, from the Economist. Web Site: http://www.economist.com/world/unitedstates/displaystory.cfm?story_id=13110485&CFID=42596228&CFTOKEN=89937080

Summary: This article primarily has to do with the topic of privatization. It deals with an attempt made by a private investment group, Marfin, to purchase the Greek government-owned airline of Olympic. The group wants to invest at least 200 million Euros into the airline, and wants to buy the flying operations, ground handling, and technical base parts of the airline. The airline went up for sale after the government decided to call for private investors.

Definition: In this article, the term negotiation is used as a means by which two parties come to an agreement on the sale of an item,…

References

Hitt, G. And Weisman, J. (2009, February 12). Congress Strikes $789 Billion

Stimulus Deal. Retrieved January 12, 2009, from the Wall Street Journal. Web Site:  http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123436825805373367.html 

Hope, Keith. (2009, February 9). Marfin begins takeover negotiations for Onlympic. Retrieved February 12, 2009, from the Financial Times. Web Site  http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/5b452c7e-f6ca-11dd-8a1f-0000779fd2ac.html?nclick_check=1 

Short Glossary of Dispute Resolution Terms. (n.d.) Retrieved February 12, 2008, from Mediate.ca. Web Site:  http://www.mediate.ca/shortglossary.htm

Training Job Aid

Job Benefits Training Aid

Pay Plans

equired Benefits

Optional Benefits

EX1 -- Base Salary $20,000 per year

Bonuses

An Additional $800 per year of service

FMLA -- Family Medical Leave Act of 1993. Not equired by companies with under 50 employees.

Healthcare

Advantages -- Provides coverage to excessive medical conditions and financial loss from them.

Disadvantages -- educes the amount of the employee's paycheck

Base Salary

$25,000 per year

Bonuses

Additional bonuses for meeting quarterly sales goals as determined by company

Social Security Taxes - Social Security Act of 1935 provides benefits to employees in the case of retirement, disability, death, and survivor's benefits. These benefits are all under different sections of the code.

Vacation

Advantages -- Allows Employee the ability to take time off of work for personal reasons and to refresh themselves. educes work-related stress.

Disadvantages -- Employee not eligible until they have been with…

References

HRCap. Inc. (2012). Benefit Required by Statute. Retrieved from http://hrcap.com/Images/v2/HRCap_Articles/appendix_secured/Appendix%2011.pdf

Thriving Small Business. (2012). 5 Employee Benefits Required by Law. Retrieved from  http://thethrivingsmallbusiness.com/articles/employee-benefits/

Potential Concerns about the Consumer Financial Protection Agency

Despite the multitude of benefits revealed by the CFPA, commercial banks and mortgage lenders continually present their growing dissatisfaction with the act. epresentatives of this side include reputable organizations such as JP Morgan Chase or Wells Fargo, as well as a series of independent mortgage brokers and mortgage lenders and local and regional banking institutions. Their most compelling reasons for the dismissal of the Consumer Financial Protection Agency are succinctly presented below:

1. The banks feel that there is no real necessity for new regulatory legislation as the economy is already showing sighs of recovery; these financial institutions feel that the resources would be better spent otherwise. Additionally, the CFPA does not introduce any real new elements, but politically enforces the lessons already learnt from the economic crisis

2. The state could abuse its power through the Consumer Financial Protection Agency in…

References:

Allen, M., Javers, E., Barack Obama to Create Consumer Financial Protection Agency, Politico, 16 June 2009,  http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0609/23790.html  last accessed on September 30, 2009

Andrews, E.L., Banks Balk at Agency Meant to Aid Consumers, New York Times, June 30, 2009

Geithner, T.F., Written Testimony of Treasury Secretary Timothy F. Geithner, House Financial Services Committee, Financial Stability,  http://www.financialstability.gov/latest/tg231.html  last accessed on September 30, 2009

Hall, K.G., Banks Fight to Kill Protection Agency, McClatchy, September 24, 2009, http://www.mcclatchydc.com/227/story/75997.html last accessed on September 30, 2009

OA Environment

Today's financial environment makes business analysis difficult and hard to predict. Globalization and rapid changing trends dominate business news and affect both Wall Street and Main Street in different yet substantial ways. ank of America is a very popular topic of discussion in today's world of economics and global markets. The business environment ank of America currently lives within is rapidly changing and fiercely competitive. ank of America is seemingly in much trouble today in many different ways. The purpose of this essay is to discuss the business environment ank of America operates within, and compare and contrast its practices and procedures with its competitors.

Financial Statements

A useful tool in understanding the financial health of any particular corporation begins with looking at its financial statements. Income statements, balance sheets and cash flows often determine the financial health of any particular company. ank of America's financial statements are…

Bibliography

Bank Of America Corporation Financial Statements. Yahoo Finance. Retrieved from  http://finance.yahoo.com/q/ks?s=BAC+Key+Statistics 

Bank of America Corporation Competitor Analysis. Daily Finance. Viewed on 3 June 2011 from  http://www.dailyfinance.com/company/bank-of-america-corporation/bac/nys/top - competitors

Bradford, G. (2011). Why you should avoid these 6 banks. Seeking Alpha June 2011. Retrieved from  http://seekingalpha.com/article/273420-why-you-should-avoid-these-6-banks 

Citigroup, Inc. Financial Statements. Yahoo Finance. Retrieved from  http://finance.yahoo.com/q/ks?s=C+Key+Statistics

Psychology, Financial Decision-Making, and Household Management

Reason for Selecting Subject

The reason I chose this subject is that in the recent times, the aspect of financial education and understanding has become a contentious and significant one. Its importance has been realized largely because there is increasing intricacy of financial products and also the increasing accountability and liability of people with respect to their own financial well-being. It is imperative to note that knowledgeable, financially educated customers are more capable of making proper decisions for their households and as a result are better suited to enhance their economic and financial security and welfare (Hilgert and Hogarth, 2003). What is more, in accordance to behavioral economics, psychology plays a significant role in the financial and economic decisions made within the household. For instance, consumers with a great amount of money will spend less as compared to consumers with smaller amounts. The same…

environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance and financial performance of companies

Investors are increasingly recognizing the fact that ESG (environmental, social, corporate governance) elements can substantially affect companies' security rates and financial performance. The aforementioned components' contribution to financial markets has been growing with the rise in number of ESG opportunities and risks within the contemporary international economy. Timely and improved organizational policy-related data access and the effect of organizational policy on communities have made it considerably convenient for customers to express their dissatisfaction by simply quitting a brand. When international brands' images are sullied by ESG-related problems, the resultant instantaneous backlash has the capacity of abruptly and negatively impacting income and demand (Eccles, Ioannou & Serafeim, 2014).

Organizations having a poor reputation when it comes to ESG related matters are vulnerable to monetary risks, including a very genuine threat of facing lawsuits in the future, greater remediation and regulatory…

China for instance, which was more protective and where the government was more involved in the regulation of the financial sector, feels the economic repercussions to a lesser degree (Batson, 2009).

3. Avoid over-inflation of prices

The root cause of the sub-prime mortgages was the necessity for people to buy houses at unrealistically high prices. As a future recommendation then, better controls should be instated not only within financial markets, but within all sectors. The scope of these controls would be that of ensuring that the retail prices implemented, within the real estate sector as well as in any other industries and sectors, are realistic and pegged to the true costs.

4. ecognition of mistakes (or their possibility) and acceptance of the role of others

The United States perceives itself as the most powerful and developed nation, which it is, but we do seem overzealous at times and do not…

References:

Batson, a., April 2, 2009, China Housing Market Shows Signs of Life, the Wall Street Journal

Makin, J.H., 2009, Three Lessons from the Financial Crisis, American Enterprise Institute for Public Research, http://www.aei.org/outlook/100067 last accessed on March 1, 2010

Truman, E.M., 2009, the Global Financial Crisis: Lessons Learned and Challenged for Developing Countries, Peterson Institute for International Economics,  http://www.iie.com/publications/papers/paper.cfm?ResearchID=1240  last accessed on March 1, 2010

Health Care Finance

Financial analyst Eric Feigenbaum (2009) notes that while we like to think of hospitals in terms of compassion, patient care and dedication to altruistic aims, they are businesses concerned with revenues and expenses like any other business (Feigenbaum 2009, p.2). In today's hectic world of economic downturn and financial struggles felt from individuals of every demographic and social status, revenue and expense accounting are issues that must be addressed carefully by nearly every business in every market. The same holds true for the health care industry and health care providers. With financial uncertainty come threats for health care providers in managing revenue and expenses during the upcoming years. However, with these threats remain certain opportunities for health care providers to take on in order to combat the uncertainty that comes with managing revenue and expenses when the amount of each is not ideal.

With the appropriate management…

References

Bristow, W. (2009). How to thrive during a recession. Doctor's Digest. 81(1): p.16.

Retrieved from: LexisNexis Database.

Feigenbaum, E. (2009). Categories of expenses and revenues in the hospital business setting. Demand Media, 2(1), pp. 2-5. Retrieved from: ProQuest Database.

Johnson, N., McNichol, E. And Oliff, P. (2011). Feeling the recession's impact on health care. Handbook of Health Economics 3(2), pp. 54. Retrieved from: ProQuest Database.

1. Introduction

Firms may be successful by satisfying customer needs, but their ultimate accountability for financial performance is to the owners of the firm. Actions undertaken by quoted firm will usually have the direct, or indirect, aim of generating revenues and profits for the firm, and therefore the owners (Tarraf, 2012). When investors assess a potential investment they will look at the financial performance of a firm, assessing the past performance, with consideration of the way current and expected strategies will impact on the organizations performance, in the context of the expected macro-environmental conditions (Bodie, Kane, & Marcus, 2014). The investors will assess the share price of the firm, being more likely to make a purchase if they believe the value of the share is likely to increase with a significant amount of the assessment based on assessments of past performance (Hens & Rieger, 2016; Nellis & Parker, 2006). This…

The ABC system uses a much lage numbe and vaiety of cost dives than the one o two volume-based cost dives typical fo a taditional cost system. As a esult, the ABC method has inceased accuacy.

In contacts, it is explained that a taditional cost system uses only volume-based cost dives, such as diect labo and machine hous, and ignoes the key ole of suppot activities, such as numbe of setups and design changes, in poducing many moden poducts and sevices. Such volume-based cost dives often lead to one goup of poducts subsidizing anothe goup of poducts. These subsidies often ceate the appeaance that one goup of poducts is highly pofitable, advesely affecting the picing and competitiveness of anothe goup of poducts. In a highly competitive envionment with complex poducts and sevices, accuate cost infomation can be citical to sound planning and decision-making. (Cook, Gove & Cobun, 2000, p. 305)…

references to cash. The daily language of accounting contains expressions such as "liquid capital" or simply "liquidity," terms that simply refer to means of payment that are easily accessible. In practice, "liquid capital" and "liquidity" can have three and only three forms. The ability to pay can be demonstrated by the presence of means of payment in the form of: cash holdings, deposits in bank accounts of various kinds, and prearranged rights to draw on credits of various kinds.

The concept of illiquidity is simply the logical negation of the concept of liquidity. You are illiquid when you cannot pay your debts at a given moment or within a given period. The transition from a state of liquidity to a state of illiquidity that is more than just temporary is stated in the familiar (and for most interested parties unpleasant and fatal) expression "X has suspended payments." (Kirkegaard, 1997, pp. 41-43)

Reference

Bresnahan, K.M. (2000). Investments in Human Capital: A Crisis for Financial Managers. The Public Manager, 29(2), 9.

Cook, T.J., Grove, H.D., & Coburn, S. (2000). ABC Process-Based Capital Budgeting. Journal of Managerial Issues, 12(3), 305.

Currently children and families who are in this country illegally are entitled to the following programs.

Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) nutrition program: Agency workers do not ask for a client's immigration status"(Benefits, 2006).

Outpatient medical care: Only at clinics designated as federally qualified health centers - those helping needy communities - where clients receive medical care if they demonstrate financial need "(Benefits, 2006).

Prenatal care: Only at federally qualified health centers"(Benefits, 2006).

Emergency medical care: Paid by Medicaid if patient shows financial need"(Benefits, 2006).

Labor and delivery care in hospitals: Paid by Medicaid if patient shows financial need (Benefits, 2006)."

Immunizations: Health departments and clinics generally do not ask for immigration status. They prefer to vaccinate as many people as possible to prevent disease outbreaks (Benefits, 2006)."

Business license: The state does not ask for proof of immigration status.

Public defender: equired by the U.S. Constitution for those charged…

References

____. Benefits off-limits to illegals Undocumented can get only limited range of taxpayer-funded services." Denver Rocky Mountain News (2006)

Brinkley, John. "ILLEGAL IMMIGRANT NUMBERS UP STATE'S UNDOCUMENTED POPULATION GREW BY 28.6% FROM 1992-96" Denver Rocky Mountain News (2007)

Cohn, Dvera. "Report Details Growth in Illegal Migration; Undocumented Immigrants Outnumbered Legal Ones From 2000 to 2004, Study Says." The Washington Post; (2005)

Fears, Darryl. "For Illegal Immigrants, Some Aid Is Too Risky; Fears Abound as Government Won't Promise Immunity From Deportation." The Washington Post; (2005)

US Aid to Afghanistan

The issue of United States' aid to Afghanistan is a topic of interesting consideration given the current U.S. budget deficit and ongoing economic uncertainty. Over the years the United States has spent billions providing money and food aid to help build strength and confidence in Afghanistan's rising new government. Unfortunately, the results of this have not been entirely positive nor have they been driven by the purest of motives; there is some level of profiteering occurring using aid money, and there is also a practical U.S. interest in the stability and viability of the Afghan nation and people. If the United States were providing purely humanitarian aid without military or political involvement and requirements, the situation would be quite different. As it is, U.S. aid in the country is a complex and controversial issue.

Since Afghanistan was taken over by the Taliban, the country has been…

References

Agnieszka, Flak. "INTERVIEW-Afghanistan Food Aid at Risk as Donors Trim Support |

Agricultural Commodities | Reuters." Reuters.com. 24 Dec. 2011. Web. 04 Feb. 2012.

Watson Job Aid

Watson job-aid: Jean Watson's caring science

Transpersonal Caring Nursing

Principles for nurses, even principles on a subject as important as caring, can seem overly vague and theoretical unless they are put into practical terms. Nursing theorist Jean Watson has attempted to define her idealistic concept of Transpersonal Caring Nursing in a behavioral as well as a theoretical sense. Watson's list of 'behaviors' make her theory relatable to nurses in the field, as well as those who teach nursing theory. Transpersonal nursing views nursing as "concentric circles of caring-from individual, to others, to community, to world, to Planet Earth, to the universe. Caring science investigations embrace inquiry that are reflective, subjective and interpretative as well as objective-empirical" (Vance 2010: 1). Caring science is empirical in the sense that it is based upon nursing science. However, it is also willing to incorporate the philosophical, artistic, spiritual, and kinesthetic into…

References

Theory. (2011). Watson Caring Science Institute. Retrieved August 23, 2011 at  http://www.watsoncaringscience.org/index.cfm/category/80/theory.cfm 

Vance, Teresa. (2011). Caring and the professional practice of nursing. RN Journal. Retrieved August 23, 2011 at http://www.rnjournal.com/journal_of_nursing/caring.htm

Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in reducing fraudulent financial reporting

Introduction to Fraudulent Financial eporting

Available research on financial statement fraud relies mostly on anecdotal evidence (for example, Wells, 2001, 2002, 2004a, and 2004b; ezaee, 2003). This evidence offers advice on how mechanisms related to the fraud triangle can be curtailed. It leads to theoretical sense to reduce factors which lead to more instances of fraud. However, deterrence and established deterrence methods in place within organizations have not been examined in proper detail. Neither have the secondary issues which can influence a person's chance of committing financial statement fraud. But there are multiple researches where deterrence models have been tested on other types of fraud e.g. tax fraud, fraudulent reports of environmental violations etc. Generally speaking, a clear consensus regarding the level of effectiveness of prevention mechanisms, such as those stated in GDT, is not present. There are two key parts…

References

Abbott, L.J., S. Parker, and G.F. Peters. 2004. Audit committee characteristics and restatements. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory 23 (1): 69-88.

AICPA: 2002, Statement on Auditing Standards (SAS) No. 99: Consideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit (American Institute of Certi-ed Public Accountants, Durham).

Albrecht, W. And Albrecht, C. (2004). Fraud examination and prevention. South- Western, Mason Ohio.

Albrecht, W.S. And M.B. Romney. 1986. Red flagging management fraud: A validation. Advances in Accounting 3: 323-333.

economic crisis in Europe and the increasing costs for European countries to borrow money and bail out other Euro countries in financial distress. The EU nations that use the Euro have experienced a crisis among certain countries with high debt requiring bailouts for Greece and Ireland and the likelihood that Portugal and Spain may also need a bailout. Postponing the restructuring of high interest debts has led to further crisis rather than resolving any of the problems faced by insolvent countries. Huge transfer payments from the more powerful Euro countries, like Germany, to the failed economies of Greece and Ireland have made investors nervous and led to less investment at a crucial time. The author suggests that the debts of troubled countries need to be restructured now in order to create a sustainable payment to increase confidence and secure future payments.

Creditors will also have to shoulder some of the…

References

Bamberger, K.. (2010). Technologies of Compliance: Risk and Regulation in a Digital Age. Texas Law Review, 88(4), 669-739. Retrieved January 21, 2011, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID: 1995143041).  http://www.egloballibrary.com/egl/html/institutes/1086/homepage/library.jsp 

Corder, J. (2009). The Federal Reserve System and the Credit Crisis. Public Administration Review, 69(4), 623-631. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2009.02011.x http://ehis.ebscohost.com.csuproxy.egloballibrary.com/ehost/detail?hid=6&sid=feb1c9d6-ff89-462b-9741-b5b3cfdd54aa%40sessionmgr12&vid=8&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=buh&AN=42960193

Europe finance: Time for Plan B. (2011, January). EIU ViewsWire. Retrieved January 19, 2011, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID: 2241366821).

finance and financial entrepreneurship. The basis of the article is on a discussion that was held on this subject among four leading lights of financial entrepreneurship in the United States - Michael Milken, Lewis Ranieri, Richard Sandor and Myron Scholes. These people are famous in their own right and have had a sizeable role in financial entrepreneurship in the U.S. over the last 20 years. We have first discussed their achievements to get a clear idea about their personal achievements. This would certainly give a clear idea of what is possible in the U.S. today. They are of course interesting characters and one has to remember that the ideal entrepreneur of the 21st century cannot be thought of as an updated version of Henry Ford. After the discussion of the people, the meeting and the discussions held there are summarized. ased on the total information collected, we have come to…

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Atkinson, T.R. Trends in Corporate Bond Quality. Hardingson, 1967.

Goodfriend, Marvin; Parthemos; James, Summers, Bruce J. Recent financial innovations: courses, consequences for the payments system, and implications for monetary control, Economic Review, March 14-27, 1980

Schneider, S.H. Laboratory Earth: The Planetary Gamble We Can't Afford to Lose. Basic Books New York, NY. 1997.

ecession

Effect of the recession on upon financial market, the real economy and over everyday lives

ecession is defined as the economic slowdown or decline characterized by slowing down of trade, a magnitude decline in the GDP, and a decrease in employment usually lasting between 6 months to a year. This was the situation in the U.S.A. The hardest times being from 2008 through 2009 and the early months of 2010. America is still recovering from the effects of the recession that the country experienced from 2007 to 2009.

The slow down in economy triggered a massive job loss and unemployment rates that shot through the roof, the prices went up and a great deal of uncertainty rippled through the country. This situation has now seen a reverse trend albeit at a slower rate than was expected by many. The unemployment rate in November 2011 fell by 0.4% to 8.6%…

References

Amitabh Shukia, (2009). Top 5 major Economic Effects of Recession on Economy.

Retrieved May 13, 2012 from  http://www.paggu.com/business/world-economy/top-5-major-economic-effects-of-recession-on-economy/ 

Browder, Laura, (1998). Rousing the Nation: Radical Culture in Depression America.

Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.