Nigeria: Economic and Human Health
Lending Institutions, Healthcare, and Human Capital

Nigeria is the largest country in Africa and is home to 47% of the continent's population (World Bank, 2013). Nigeria is the largest oil exporter and holds the most natural gas reserves of any African country. According to the World Bank, these human and natural resources gives Nigeria the necessary ingredients for becoming one of the more prosperous nations in Africa and globally. Fueled primarily by oil exports, the Nigerian economy seems to be meeting this expectation by growing an average of 7.6% between 2003 and 2010; however, a recent softening of the oil market, which represents 75% of state revenues, has restricted the ability of the government to stabilize economic growth. Yet, foreign debt represents only 3% of the nation's gross domestic product (GDP).

Despite the apparent success of Nigeria's economy the levels of poverty and unemployment remain high (World Bank,…...

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References

Adegbite, Esther O., Ayadi, Folorunso S., and Ayadi, O. Felix. (2008). The impact of Nigeria's external debt on economic development. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 3(3), 285-301.

Amaefule, Everest. (2013, Jul. 22). Nigeria's debt rises to N7.93tn. Punch. Retrieved 3 Nov. 2013 from  http://www.punchng.com/news/nigerias-debt-rises-to-n7-93tn/ .

Edo, Samson E. (2002). The external debt problem in Africa: A comparative study of Nigeria and Morocco. African Development Review, 14(2), 221-236.

Kim, Il-Ho, Muntaner, Carles, Chung, Haejoo, Benach, Joan, and EMCONET Network. (2010). Case studies on employment-related health inequalities in countries representing different types of labor markets. International Journal of Health Services, 40(2), 255-267.

automated age, human capital is very important in any company. In corporate organization, the significance of recruitment and the retention of human capital (HC) is critical in order to create the ongoing innovation required for a firm to be successful. Given the crisis that is evident in so many companies, it is necessary to deeply analyze key human capital trends relative to business as it has developed in recent years. The events in the last ten years have seriously affected human perceptions of the market and this makes an understanding of human capital more important than ever.
HC Analysis

Certainly HC is an issue. Frequently, in the opinion of this author, humans are always at the center of business. After all, machines and rocks do not buy commodities. People do. oyal and O'Donnel theorize that commoditization has made it necessary to better analyze market intangibles such as HC. This type of…...

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References

Behrenson, A. (2001). Enron's Collapse: the Rating Agencies; Debt Rankings

Finally Fizzle, but the Deal Fizzled First. Available:

ttp://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/29/business/enron-s-collapse-rating-gencies-debt-rankings-finally-fizzle-but-deal-fizzled.html. Last accessed

20th Sept 2011.

HM
A Strategy to Manage Human Capital in a MNE

Multinational enterprises may face many challenges, one important issue is the way in which human capital is managed and leveraged in order to create value. Most large organizations will have a variety in their employee base in terms of cultural background, native languages, religion and educational backgrounds. As the firm expand internationally the variety of employee differences is likely to increase. Most organizations have strategies that they believe will be fair to the employees, these are often based on the concept of equality. It is argued that if all employees are treated in the same way, there is no difference that could lead to discrimination or bias. This approach to managing employees is based in the requirements of anti-discrimination legislation, where the optimal approach was deemed to be that which would reduce any potential feeling of unfairness as well as meet legislative…...

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References

Konrad, A.M.; Prasad, P; Pringle, J. M, (2005), Handbook of Workplace Diversity, Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage

Loker, J; Franz, J, (2011), The Toyota Way to Continuous Improvement, McGraw-Hill

Monga Manjit, (2008), HRM practices to manage multicultural workforce: do the recommended best practices work for small business? A case study, European Journal of Management 8(2), 168-179

Thomas David A; Ely Robin J, (2006), "Making Diversity Matter; A New Paradigm for Managing Diversity," in Fullan, Michael (eds) (2006), Educational Leadership, John Wiley & Sons

Human Capital
It has been well established that economic success is often related to the skills, knowledge, and abilities that individuals possess. (Keeley, 2007, p.3) The greater the ability and education a person has, the more success they can expect in their professional careers. This knowledge, training, and ability is referred to as "Human Capital" because a person's abilities often translate into economic success in the workplace. However, the concept of Human Capital is not only dependent upon a person's individual skills, but also access to training and education opportunities. Because these opportunities are often linked to a person's inherent economic and social standing, Human Capital resources are not always accessible to the people with the greatest skills. Therefore, those who do have access to Human Capital resources are not always the most skilled people, but the people with the best personal resources. In this way, the theory of Human Capital…...

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References

Becker, Gary Stanley. (1993). Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis…."

USA: University of Chicago Press. Print.

Becker, Gary Stanley. (n.d.). "Human Capital." The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics.

Retrieved from  http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/HumanCapital.html

The second phase would include using these metrics in order to gather the appropriate results. Finally, the third phase implies interpreting those results and using them to gain a competitive strategic advantage on the market.
The phase dealing with the development of qualitative and quantitative metrics brings about some of the usual challenges in terms of measuring things: what metrics best reflect the performance of a certain activity? In the case of human capital, quantitative metrics can sometimes be a simple as sales growth per employee or changes in financial performance and productivity.

There are several problems, however, with this type of approach. The direct link between the changes in financial performance and human capital results is difficult to prove and, quite often, a negative change in financial performance is not necessarily caused by negative performances of human capital. For example, external factors, such as the current economic crisis, could determine…...

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Bibliography

1. Armstrong, Michael (2006). A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice (10th ed.). London: Kogan Page

2. Fitz-enz, Jac. February 2009. The ROI of Human Capital: Measuring the Economic Value of Employee Performance. AMACOM; Second Edition.

3. GAO 2004. A Guide For Assessing Strategic Training and Development Efforts in the Federal Government. On the Internet at   Last retrieved on August 1, 2009http://books.google.com/books?id=MvBOBDmbOrYC&pg=PA1&dq=human+capital+management#v=onepage&q=human%20capital%20management&f=false .

4. Ingham, Jon. 2006. Strategic Human Capital Management: Creating Value Through People. Butterworth-Heinemann; 1 edition

According to statistics, it has been noted that the current workforce is growing more and more disloyal and dissatisfied. The companies that do not respond to the current trends will end up paying a high price later. This is because, with the improvement in the job market, these companies will end up losing key employees to their competitors, which leads to reduced employee productivity. Companies need to establish a well-designed employee compensation and benefits package in order to retain its top talent and attract others. There are numerous companies that desire to attract, retain, and motivate their employees in order to meet the company's strategic objectives. Currently, employees are considered to be part of the company's assets because they have to be effectively and efficiently managed. There are numerous instruments that companies can use to attract, retain, and motivate employees. Compensation and benefits are some of the tools that companies…...

human capital development United States human capital development countries a 2-page, double-spaced paper. Support observations conclusions properly formatted text citations references assigned readings academic sources.
Human capital development

Within the contemporaneous business community, the employee enjoys a favorable position. Protected by laws and legislations, trained and motivated, the employee of the modern day society is as developed as has ever been. Or at least this is what the textbooks say. To assess the reality, it is important to look at the status of human capital development in three different states -- the United States of America, Turkey and China.

Within the United States, the employees are well treated and rewarded. They are continually presented with opportunities of personal and professional developments and the corporations in the U.S. are a symbol of the American culture. This can be best observed relative to the corporations that have expanded outside the U.S., such as fast…...

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References:

Hickman, C.R., 2005, Management malpractice: how to cure unhealthy management practices that disable your organization, Adams Media

2011, The world factbook -- GPD per capita, Central Intelligence Agency,   last accessed on July 13, 2011https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2004rank.html?countryName=China&countryCode=ch&regionCode=eas&rank=126#ch 

Gender inequality index, United Nations Development Programme,   last accessed on July 13, 2011http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Table4_reprint.pdf 

Intangible Assets: Human Capital -- Its Management and elevance to Organizations
In essence, intangible assets, according to Kaplan and Norton (2013) can be categorized into three; human capital, information capital, and organization capital. It is important to note that intangible assets are great relevance to any business. Often, however, their monetary value outside the formal or perceived boundaries of a business is diminished. In my opinion, the most important intangible asset an organization, including mine, could have is human capital. This particular intangible asset also comes across as being the most difficult to manage.

Human capital, in the words of Kaplan and Norton (2013) includes "employee skills, talent, and knowledge." In my opinion, when it comes to the implementation of the organizational strategy, the relevance of this particular asset cannot be overstated. For a business to be successful, we need people oriented capabilities. None of the other two kinds of intangible assets…...

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References

Baron, A. (2007). Human Capital Management: Achieving Added Value through People. Philadelphia: Kogan Page Publishers.

Kaplan, R. & Norton, D.P. (2013). Strategy Maps: Converting Intangible Assets into Tangible Outcomes. New York, NY: Harvard Business Press.

Income Inequality and Education
A Human Capital Inequality and the Composition of Education Expenditure

Hwang, Jinyoung. (2011). A cross-country analysis of human capital inequality and the composition of education expenditure. European Journal of Social Sciences, 24 (1):

According to Hwang (2011), it has been observed in previous literature that substantially inequitable societies in terms of income distribution tend to spend more on tertiary education (university-level education) than lower-level education. "Wealth distribution is a plausible explanation for the distributional bias of government expenditure on education, as long as the distribution of wealth determines the existence and number of organized group[s] in an economy" (Hwang 2011: 97). This discrepancy could be explained by the fact that the rich tend to send their children to private schools not subsidized by the state for lower-level education, or to better-funded, locally funded secondary institutions and thus only need substantial federal support for education at the tertiary level. The…...

Additionally, as a result of the new program, the standard operating procedures of the company will need to be fundamentally altered. This cannot be done casually. A new employee handbook must be issued. The task of formal revision of company policies in writing will be accomplished by a committee headed by each department, which I will supervise. This must begin posthaste, as it will take an extensive period of time in terms of restructuring incentives, defining recruiting objectives, and putting into writing how the incentive structure will function. At some point, we may wish to consult with current employees for advice in fine-tuning the program, which will take time.

After these human capital policies and procedures are revised, I am confident that our company will be able to grow and thrive. Throughout the process I will solicit input from all department heads: this will be a truly collaborative endeavor.

Do not hesitate…...

Lending Institutions, Health Care, And Human Capital
Human Capital, its use and Gender Disparity

Gender plays crucial roles in decision-making and resource allocations ideal for economic growth. Mothers' human capital improves child education and health, determining the well-being of the next generations (Finlay, 2007). Women Empowerment tends to allow for allocation of resources to more productive means, serving as relevant measure for improving economic outturn in the long run (Baldacci, 2004). Despite of the rather concrete understanding and appreciation gender disparity in human capital and its uses, it remains a key policy issue in both developing and developed economies.

The ole Health Plays in Developing Economies

Finlay (2007) elucidates that health does play a role in economic development. He showed that health influences economic growth through education incentive effects. Finlay went further to say that, a healthy individual tend to live longer, and has the impetus to undertake investment in education since education returns…...

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References

Baldacci, E.B. (2004). The impact of Poor Health on Total Factor Productivity. The Journal of Development Studies, 42(6), 918-938.

Bloom, D.E., & Canning, D. (2008). Health and Economic growth: "Reconciling the Micro andMacro Evidence." Cen ter on Democracy, Development, and The Rule of Law Working Paper No.42. Pp 2, 3. .

Bloom, D.E., Canning, D., & Sevilla, J. (2004). The Effect of Health on Economic Growth: AProduction Function Approach. World Development, 32(1), 1-13.

Finlay, J. (2007). The Role of Health In Economic Development. Program on the Global Demography of Aging. PGDA Working Paper No. 21

We need to create roadmaps that clearly outline what their positions entail, and what we expect from them. We do expect a lot from our new recruits, as we should. If we wish for our new recruits to rise to the occasion, then we will need an Induction Day program.
Induction Day will entail motivating the new employees, making them feel welcome and encouraged. They will be developed as members of our organization, expected to contribute and make suggestions. The new recruits will develop a sense of pride and identity working for our organization and representing us to our clients, as the recruits make the transition from door-to-door sales to more challenging and rewarding positions in the company. As the new entrants feel more at home in their working environment, their roles will be clarified too. They will know what is expected of them, and can generate the sales that…...

Rittenberg L.T.
Human capital is used for acquiring knowledge and skills which increase individuals' value and productivity. Such skills are experience, training, and education. These skills aids in providing resources to enhance economic growth, and produce new businesses and technologies.

Despite affording costs in the United States, college education has raised individual's income. More educated persons have higher IQs and well educated and rich parents. Similarly, above hundred other nations with diverse cultures and economic systems, educated people have the same standards.

From the viewpoint of individuals, the college education increases benefits and income, while from the viewpoint of society; it enhances desirable social norm and values, communication and democracy, and produces effective leaders. Its monetary benefits include lowering of the probability of unemployment. On the other hands, non-monetary benefits include psychological benefits i.e. social acceptance, ability to communicate better, and make wise decisions.

On the labor market experience, obtained education has an important…...

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Bibliography

Alan Nelson (1984). Some Issues Surrounding the Reduction of Macroeconomics to Microeconomics. Philosophy of Science 51 (4):573-594.

Don Ross (1995). Real Patterns and the Ontological Foundations of Microeconomics. Economics and Philosophy 11 (1):113.

Julianne Nelson (1992). The Market Ethic: Moral Dilemmas and Microeconomics. Journal of Business Ethics 11 (4):317 -- 320.

It also appeals to conservatives who are interested in charity-based social supports, and wish to see individuals and communities, rather than the state, providing solutions to persistent problems such as poverty or social exclusion. It also holds appeal for neo-liberal states that seek to bolster social engagement without addressing structural issues such as changes in employment forms and decreases in social service expenditure (Bezanson,2006)."
On the other hand, the versatility of the theory has been criticized. Some have asserted that the theory may become "all things to all people" and as such it will become a theory that is not viable in any format (Bezanson,2006). With all these factors taken into consideration it is also apparent that, the theory of social capital does single out the importance of informal caring relationships to the quality of life afforded to individuals and groups (Bezanson,2006).

Each of the three aforementioned types of social capital…...

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References

Bezanson, K. (2006). Gender and the Limits of Social Capital. The Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology, 43(4), 427+.

Dakhli, M. De Clercq, D. (2004). Human capital, social capital, and innovation: a multicountry Study. ENTREPRENEURSHIP & REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT, 16, MARCH (2004), 107-128

Edwards M.

More Social Capital, Less Global Poverty? The World Bank. http://www1.worldbank.org/devoutreach/summer00/article.asp?id=67

Lending Institutions, Health Care and Human Capital Explore whether or not funding from international lending institutions like the World Bank and the IMF are helping or hindering the social, economic, or political development of the country that you have selected. Support your response with examples.
For a long time now, developing nations have been reliant on the aid provided by foreign entities and global lending institutions to foster the growth and development of their economies and improve the standard of living of their citizens. International lending institutions, for instance World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) play significant roles in the economic, social, and political development of developing nations through the provision of monetary help and support. Furthermore, these institutions provide essential support to developing nations, such as India, for their general development. India is one of the fast developing nations in the world and these lending institutions have played a fundamental…...

Ireland was poor for a long period of time due to a number of historical, political, and economic factors.

1. English colonization: Ireland experienced centuries of English colonization and control, resulting in land confiscation, forced tithes, and economic exploitation. The English prioritized their own interests, which hindered Ireland's economic development.

2. Penal Laws: The Penal Laws, enacted in the 17th and 18th centuries, restricted the rights of Irish Catholics, preventing them from owning land, holding public office, or practicing their religion freely. This discrimination limited upward socioeconomic mobility for the majority of the Irish population.

3. Agricultural practices: Ireland's reliance on subsistence agriculture....

Microeconomic Analysis of HSBC Bank

Introduction

HSBC Bank is a global banking and financial services corporation headquartered in London, England. As one of the largest banks in the world, it operates in over 60 countries and territories, offering a wide range of financial products and services to individuals, businesses, and governments. This essay will focus on microeconomic concepts that can be applied to analyze HSBC Bank, with specific examples and insights.

Market Structure

One important microeconomic concept to consider is market structure. HSBC Bank operates in a highly competitive global banking industry. It faces competition from numerous other large banks, as well as smaller....

1. "The Impact of Technological Advancements on Economic Growth"

2. "Sustainable Development: Balancing Economic Growth and Environmental Protection"

3. "The Role of Government Policies in Fostering Economic Growth"

4. "Globalization and Its Effects on Economic Growth in Developing Countries"

5. "Income Inequality and Its Implications for Economic Growth"

6. "Investment and Innovation: Driving Forces of Economic Growth"

7. "Education and Human Capital: Key Drivers of Long-term Economic Growth"

8. "The Relationship between Trade and Economic Growth"

9. "The Importance of Infrastructure Development for Economic Growth"

10. "Challenges and Opportunities for Economic Growth in the 21st Century"
11. "Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth: Fueling Innovation and Prosperity"
12. "The Role of Small Businesses....

## Corporate Social Responsibility: Actively Supporting and Uplifting Communities

Corporations have a significant role to play in the well-being of the communities they operate in. By going beyond traditional philanthropic efforts, companies can actively engage in initiatives that support and uplift local residents, fostering economic growth, social equity, and overall prosperity.

### 1. Engage with Local Stakeholders

Effective community involvement requires engaging with various stakeholders, such as community leaders, non-profit organizations, and residents. Through ongoing dialogue and collaboration, companies can identify the most pressing needs and tailor their initiatives accordingly. This ensures that their efforts are genuinely aligned with community priorities.

### 2. Create....