Korea Essays (Examples)

After dividing into the two nations, the Korea's still had problems with what their arrangement turned out to be. South and North Korea both wanted land that turned out to be in each other possession, something that they did not want. Because of this fight over land, politics, and rights, a civil war broke out. South Korea received most of the blame for this war within one country. South Korea was said to provoke the North and were actually the ones who not only started most battles, but also was the side that sent the most troops in to invade North Korea. This strong overwhelming insurgence from both sides made this civil war one that would damage land and its people far beyond repair.

This was a very sad occurrence as it was a war between a nation that had high hopes of being freed from an overbearing power, such…

When Korea received its freedom and independence from Japan, it was practically taken advantage of. All other nations involved, such as the United States, Russia, Great Britain, etc., wanted to instinctively take part in revitalizing Korea with other intentions in mind. Both parties, both countries involved created unnecessary turmoil in a land that was already in search of its own identity. Instead of helping out, in the end, they ended up causing damage that to this day, still lives on. Everything was decided for a nation, without consulting the nation that would be directly affected by everything. It was this inconsiderate way of thinking that would eventually prevent Korea from every really being just one country.

In Chapter 5 of Bruce Cumming's Korea's Place in the Sun (1997), life for Korea after the division of it into two states, North and South Korea, is discussed with more detail. After dividing into the two nations, the Korea's still had problems with what their arrangement turned out to be. South and North Korea both wanted land that turned out to be in each other possession, something that they did not want. Because of this fight over land, politics, and rights, a civil war broke out. South Korea received most of the blame for this war within one country. South Korea was said to provoke the North and were actually the ones who not only started most battles, but also was the side that sent the most troops in to invade North Korea. This strong overwhelming insurgence from both sides made this civil war one that would damage land and its people far beyond repair.

This was a very sad occurrence as it was a war between a nation that had high hopes of being freed from an overbearing power, such as Japan. After so many decades under Japanese rule, Korea was finally free to establish itself as its own independent nation, but instead had so many political, governmental, and outside forces influencing their every decision, that it instead caused a turmoil that is still present till this day. When Korea was finally no longer under Japan's colonization, it instead turned one people against another and at the cost of so many lives. What is even more astonishing about all this, the disagreements, the civil war, is that even after all that fighting, and all the deaths, everything is still the same. Nothing was won, but so much was lost. Had it not been for so many outside influences, influences that did not fully comprehend their already established culture, and their way of living, things could have turned out differently. If maybe from the beginning Korea itself could have determined where divisions were to be set, or if even divisions were necessary, this civil war could have been avoided, or if not avoided, it's damage on families, land, and culture could have been far less than it actually turned out to be.

That the market was going to open at that was inevitable, since international regulators and most other nations were once again opening their markets to U.S. beef. However, the Korean government, which had promised domestic farmers that it would keep tariffs high to protect the local industry, set about rapidly removing those tariffs when the Free Trade Agreement was reached (Hankyoreh, 2007).

The response was swift. ith a dramatic increase in supply imminent, beef prices began to decrease. Korean beef farmers began trying to unload their cattle at market, but found few buyers. The price of a female calf dropped from 3.2 million won before the Free Trade Agreement 2.3 million won after. Korean cattle farmers, who had seen their industry grow under the ban and protectionist tariffs were now facing a crisis.

For its part, the general public had other concerns. Fueled by inflammatory media reports that contained gross…

Works Cited:

Cooper, W. & Manyin, M. (2007). The proposed South Korea-U.S. Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA). CRS Report to Congress. Retrieved November 19, 2009 from  http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL33435.pdf 

No author. South Korea. CIA Factbook Online. Retrieved November 19, 2009 from  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ks.html 

Kim, Y.; Puangsumalee, P.; Barrett, D.; Haseltine, C. & Warr, S. (2009). Korean beef market: Developments and prospects. Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics. Retrieved November 18, 2009 from  http://www.abareconomics.com/publications_html/livestock/livestock_09/KoreanBeef.pdf 

Hankyoreh. (2007). With FTA Ink still drying, cow farmers feel change already. Hangyoreh. Retrieved November 19, 2009 from  http://english.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_business/202294.html

Korea

South Korea has often been referred to an economic miracle. This is because the country went from a conquered and impoverished nation to an economic powerhouse. Its close proximity to China, Japan and it is a major trading partner of the United States. This is fueling growth in the last several decades. The result is that the nation has become one of the premier destinations for manufacturing. This is having a positive effect by diversifying the economy and it enables the middle class to develop. ("CIA World Factbook," 2015) For a large international retailer, this presents a unique opportunity for them become a dominant player inside: the women's wear and cosmetic sector. To fully understand what is occurring requires focusing on the retail environment and the impact of the currency. Together, these different elements will highlight the opportunities and challenges they will face inside South Korea.

etail Environment

South…

References

CIA World Factbook. (2015). CIA.gov. Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world- factbook/geos/ks.html

South Korean Won. (2015). XE. Retrieved from:  http://www.xe.com/currency/krw-south - korean-won

Standard and Poor's. (2015). S&P Reports. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.

Korea

Describe how gender and family roles differed from the Kory? o the Late Chos-n dynasties. What brought about these changes?

he Choson dynasty was one that was unique for its time. During this period, women's rights were very rare, and in many cases, obtrusive. For instance, sons were given priority over daughters. Men were seen as more powerful than women in regards to socio-economic status, voting rights, and over jurisdiction. his dynasty therefore was characterized by male dominance relative to their female counterparts. Laws during this period were heavily skewed towards males. For instance, Choson Dynasty law prohibited widows from remarrying, though a similar prohibition was not extended to widowers. Further, the sons and grandsons of widows who defied the ban, like children of secondary wives, were not allowed to take the civil service examinations and become scholar-officials. his examination, particularly during the Choson dynasty was very integral to…

The Koryo dynasty however, was characterized with equality between men and women. In many instances, women held prominent positions within society. Female shamans were also ritual leaders and held great influence over the royal family. Property inheritance was equal between sexes. Women of the Koryo court had significant influence on politics as consorts, wives, and regents. This dynasty created vast amounts of wealth and prosperity as society was equal and utilized the full potential of its constituents. The change ultimately occurred through the adoption of neo-Confucian rituals and customers. According to Confucian custom, once married, a woman had to leave her parents' household permanently and then occupy the lowest position in her husband's family. In these instances, women were often abused and mistreated. Giving birth to a son was the ultimate form of honor under these rituals. As such, men were naturally held on a pedestal, whereas women were seen on a lower level.

2. During the Japanese occupation and colonization of Korea, there was, after the Sam-il (March 1st) movement, a relaxing of colonial policies under the bunkei seiji (Cultural Government) approach from 1920-25. Compare and contrast these policies with those enacted under the post-1925 lead-up to the Pacific War (WWII in Asia).

The cultural government approach of the 1920's was one of easing policies. During, this period, Japanese began to allow Koreans to settle more of the land in which they worked. It provided economic prosperity to the land and provided Koreans with a sense of ownership. This was in start contrast to the earlier movements in which Japanese rule was strong and burdensome. This period was also characterized by land ownership. Ultimately, wealth was determined by the amount of land an individual owned and cultivated for profit. During the March 1st movement, many Koreans lost their land ownership overnight as they were unable to prove ownership. As such, the owners of land steadily were Japanese while the tenants were almost always Korean. However, as industrialization began to take hold in Korean, many policies change. Land owners began to lose their power as more Koreans began to move into cities with better opportunities. As more Koreans entered the middle class, they became more viable as a community, eventually leading to the pacific war.

In many ways, this simply underscores the general difficulty of cultural adjustment to life in the United States. But in a more specific way to the Korean culture, this also illuminates the particular difficulty of retaining a valued heritage while finding ways to gain greater cultural comfort in the United States. Kim-upnaw (2001) points to this as promoting a tension not just between Koreans and other ethnic groups in the U.S. But of further challenging the cherished unity of Korean communities themselves. For many younger Koreans who recognize the value in adopting some aspects of the western cultural identity, there is a mounting sense of disconnect from those from prior generations who have sought to maintain distinct elements of the Korean culture and its attendant philosophies. Thus, Kim-upnaw reports on this disconnect that such is the natural product of the sharply differing value systems of Americans and Koreans. Of the…

References

Carey, W.P. (2006). Take Off Your Shoes and Ask for Slippers: Integrating Corporate Culture in Global Business. Arizona State University.

Chang, E.T. (1998). Toward Understanding Korean and African-American Relations. Organization of American Historians.

Cresswell, J. (2008). Cultural Differences. Ask-ETO Recruiting.

Danico, M. (2006). Korean-American Diaspora: Transcending Cultural Boundaries. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Montreal Convention Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Government initiaiatives, economic initiatives, and educational initiatives combine to create a business environment conducive to innovation, research, development, and growth. Furthermore, Korean universities have partnered with schools in the United States and Europe to maximize innovation and scientific research potential. Korea also implemented a Time Division Exchange (TDX) development program that allowed foreign companies to pick up the slack while Korean ICT infrastructure was still being developed domestically. ather than restricting growth, the TDX initiative stimulated it, and increased domestic competition so that Korean firms developed specific ICT initiatives and goals.

Another key to Korea's ICT success has been the recognition of standards like CDMA. The importance of standards to effective ICT development has not yet been realized in China. At the same time, China faces enormous geographic and cultural obstacles that make adopting similar standards more difficult. Likewise, domestic Chinese companies like Huawei and Lenovo have yet to find…

References

Briedne, M. (2005). Information and Communications Technology in China. A general overview of the current Chinese initiatives and trends in the area of ICT. VINNOVA.

Trade

The audience for this presentation is a group of managers from American companies. The objective is to sell more Korean televisions in the United States, because South Korea believes that it has a competitive advantage in television. The presentation will deliver some background information about South Korea and its trade with the U.S., assuming that the audience has a few functioning brain cells.

Political Background

The Korean peninsula was split in the 1950s by a bloody war in which the U.S. was a major participant, between the communist North Korea and the democratic capitalist South Korea. Only South Korea has trade with the United States. Since the Korean War, South Korea has maintained its capitalist democratic system, and enjoyed a high degree of stability. Under this political environment, South Korea's economy has flourished. The only genuine threat to political stability in South Korea is the unpredictable actions of North…

Reference

CIA World Factbook. (2014). South Korea. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved November 9, 2014 from  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ks.html 

CountryStudies. (2014). Money and banking. Country Studies. Retrieved November 9, 2014 from  http://countrystudies.us/south-korea/54.htm 

Export.gov (2014). Tariff tool home. Export.gov. Retrieved November 9, 2014 from  http://export.gov/fta/ftatarifftool/TariffDetail.aspx?ID=363348&PortType=Import&Partner=1 

Hofstede. (2014). South Korea. Geert Hofstede. Retrieved November 9, 2014 from  http://geert-hofstede.com/south-korea.html

Korea

The Effects of the Historical Division of Korea on Industry, Agriculture & Family

Before the Korean ar from 1950-1953, Korea was a single nation. Afterwards, the nation was divided into two halves, the North which embraced totalitarian communism, and the South which followed the path of liberal democracy (Kwak & Hwang). After decades of this difference, stark differences have emerged between the two nations, particularly in terms of industry, agriculture, and family life.

Since the end of the Korean ar, North and South Korea have had dramatically different economic systems that have influenced the development of both industry and agricultural production. South Korea employs a capitalist market system, while North Korea has adapted central planning economy that is most historically well-known in the former Soviet Union (Kwak & Hwang). For industrial, and business in general, development the differences in economic systems could not be more severe. Though many factors…

Works Cited

Kwak, Jung-Bin and Hwang, Jung Won. "South and North Korea." Economic Country Comparison. Boston University. 2002. 9 Dec. 2009 .

"North Korea Family Life." Country Studies. 9 Dec. 2009 .

Nosotro, Rit. "The Differences between North and South Korea." Hyperhistory. 2009. 9 Dec. 2009 .

Korea First Bank

Why did the Korean government choose New Bridge Capital over Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank Corporation?

he reason why New Bridge Capital was selected over Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank Corporation (HSBC) is because it offered the government more control. Under the deal, New Bridge was going to give the Korean government a 51% stake in the firm. However, New Bridge would have 100% operational control and could determine the management structure / operations of the bank's daily functions. his was a more attractive offer by allowing the Korean government to easily intervene during times of financial crisis. At the same time, it allowed them to sell a portion of their assets and focus on maintaining the majority of control.

HSBC was going to take 100% ownership over the bank during a period of several years. Initially, the deal called for them purchasing 80% of the shares…

This was a good deal for New Bridge Capital. It allowed them to own a stake in a banking asset, which could increase their bottom line results. While at the same time, they could expand and position, to take advantage of new opportunities inside the growing economies of the region. This is something the firm wanted to do, since it established operation inside South Korea in 1994.

In the case of the government, the deal meant that it could maintain a controlling interest and ensure that the bank's operations were transparent. This made it possible to monitor what was happening and set the policies / procedures from behind the scenes. The deal addressed one of their main concerns, which affected the bank prior to the Korean government nationalizing it (i.e. corruption and illegal activities). If South Korea was to grow, it would require having an open banking system which could adhere to international standards. The New Bridge Capital deal allowed them to sell off of percentage of the assets. Yet, it enabled them to maintain a majority stake and influence what was happening.

The timing of the sale occurred at the right time. This is because the economy was quickly growing and more foreign direct investment capital was coming into South Korea. To ensure that the financial system was prepared for these changes, the Korean government had to shift its policies by spinning off a certain percentage of their ownership. This transaction allowed them to achieve these objectives.

North Korea's provocation to the U.S., South Korea and Japan with the help of their nuclear weapons, media and foreign policy.

"The most critical thing in the war of North Korea is to teach everyone of our nation to hate U.S. imperialism, or else, all of us will be unable to defeat them who are boating about their technological superiority." These are the famous words of the leader of North Korea who had instigated the hatred for U.S. And its allies in the North Koreans. The beliefs and ideology of North Korea is entirely different from Unites States of America, Japan and South Korea and there have been many issues in the past amongst these nations. The conflicting national interest and the pursuit for technological superiority is a major threat to the world development and world security.

The rise of the nuclear technology has meant a greater threat of wars…

References:

Sanctions and War on the Korean Peninsula -- Martin Hart-Landsberg and John Feffer, Foreign Policy in Focus, January 17, 2007

National Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction -- December 2002 White House release

Suzy Kim and John Feffer, "Hardliners Target Detente with North Korea," Foreign Policy in Focus, 11 February 2008

The Woodrow Wilson Center's Nuclear Proliferation International History Project The Wilson Center's Nuclear Proliferation International History Project contains primary source material relating to North Korea's nuclear weapon program.

North Korea

The first words used in the National Geographic Explorer episode on North Korea, before any other introduction is said, are "mysterious" and "terrifying." The state of North Korea is known as the Hermit Kingdom, because it has been literally cut off from the rest of the world for decades. The narrator of the National Geographic Explorer episode calls it the "most isolated country on earth." Cellular phones are banned. There is no way of knowing what is going on over the border. North Korea is "terrifying" because fear is at the basis of the regime's method of social and political control. There are many reasons why North Korea has imposed a strict form of self-isolation. The root cause, as explained in the video, is that the Korean peninsula had been invaded one too many times. After the Japanese occupation, the Americans came to impose their will and finally,…

Works Cited

French. "The Juche State: Political Theory in North Korea."

Kang, Jin Woong. "Political Uses of Confucianism in North Korea."

National Geographic Explorer. "Inside North Korea." Available online:  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mxLBywKrTf4 

Park, Han S. "Military-First (Songun) Politics: Implications for External Policies."

North Korea

In the film elcome to Dongmakgol (2005), Korea is portrayed as the naive and innocent victim of foreign imperialists and ideologies that divide the country in half and then destroy it. Symbolically, the village of Dongmakgol high up in the mountains is Korea, and is populated by simply, friendly, humane people who are not even aware who Kim Il Sung is or that the country has been divided and a war has started. Most of them do not even know what airplanes or rifles are, although they seem to be aware that Korea has been invaded and occupied in the past by China and Japan -- and they refer to these countries in very disparaging terms. The time is September 1950 and the Americans have just landed at Incheon, driving the North Koreans back, while the Americans are bombing them heavily, and also destroying many civilian targets like…

WORKS CITED

Cumings, Bruce. The Korean War: A History. Modern Library, 2010.

Kim, Youngho. "International Dimensions of the Korean War." Korea Journal 38:4 (Winter 1998): 130-146.

Suh, Dae-Sook. Kim Il Sung: The North Korean Leader. Columbia University Press,1995.

Secondly, North Korea is still as oppressive as it ever was and poses a threat to the rest of the world with taunts of nuclear playthings. Shamefully, South Korea has progressed "tortuously" (Butler). Thirdly, the fact remains that Korea is still divided with over a million troops on either side of the 38th parallel, leaving the impression that things, at least in that area of the world, have not changed very much. Butler is certainly entitled to his opinion but he should state be clear when he is interjecting it into his story.

However, in support of Butler's assertions, we cannot overlook the truth of the matter. Butler's hopelessness is not without cause. Korea is a country divided. Bruce Cumings supports this notion. In his book, Korea's Place in the Sun: A Modern History. Cumings compares the political structure of North Korea to an inner circle and an outer circle.…

Works Cited

Butler, Steven. "Korea; Echoes of a War." U.S. News and World Report Online. Site Accessed May 22, 2008. http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/000619/archive_015956.htm

Cumings, Bruce. Korea's Place in the Sun: A Modern History. New York W.W. Norton and Company. 1997.

Japan & Korea -- Post ar

Japan, Korea, and the United States: Comparisons & Contrasts

hat will the be the role of the U.S. going into the future vis-a-vis Japan and Korea? Now that Kim Jong-il has died and his son is taking over in the highly secretive, communist North Korea, it adds a powerful degree of uncertainty as to what the relationship will be between South Korea, Japan, and North Korea. Indeed, given that Kim's son is an unknown and hence his presence is a somewhat frightening development for the two democracies, will the U.S. respond unilaterally with the son, or attempt to align in a triangle with South Korea and Japan?

As an example of the tension in Korea, shortly after Kim's death was announced, "North Korean troops canceled their field training and returned to their barracks on high alert," according to The New York Times (Sang-Hun, 2011).…

Works Cited

Auslin, Michael. "Japan Needs a North Korea Reset." The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved December 22, 2011, from  http://online.wsj.com . (2011): 1-2.

Drake, H.B. "Korea in the World." Korea of the Japanese.

Kingston, Jeff. Contemporary Japan: History, Politics, and Social Change Since the 1980s.

New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2011.

Furthermore, an outright war could embroil the United States in a conflict far bigger than Iraq or Afghanistan, causing serious detriment to life, liberty and economic stability (Farrell, 2006).

At this point, North Korea is still engaged in a process of saber-rattling. Their ability to impact markets and security is limited, but should the North Korean government make a bolder move, or force the est into a response, the situation on the Korean peninsula could destabilize the entire world.

orks Cited:

CIA orld Factbook: North Korea. (2009). Retrieved April 20, 2009 from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kn.html

Heliker, Stephanie. (2009).

North Korea Missile Crisis Escalates. SDSU Universe. Retrieved April 20, 2009 from http://www.sdsuniverse.info/sdsuniverse/news.aspx?s=71092

Moon, Sung Hwee. (2009) Side Effects of Tension Raised by North Korea Regime. Daily NK. Retrieved April 20, 2009 from http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk01500&num=4773

Yoo, Choonsik. (2009). How ill N. Korea's Rocket Affect South's markets, economy? Reuters. Retrieved April 20, 2009 from http://www.forbes.com/feeds/reuters/2009/04/05/2009-04-05T231745Z_01_SEO107164_RTRIDST_0_KOREA-NORTH-MARKETS-Q-A.html

Works Cited:

CIA World Factbook: North Korea. (2009). Retrieved April 20, 2009 from  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kn.html 

Heliker, Stephanie. (2009).

North Korea Missile Crisis Escalates. SDSU Universe. Retrieved April 20, 2009 from  http://www.sdsuniverse.info/sdsuniverse/news.aspx?s=71092 

Moon, Sung Hwee. (2009) Side Effects of Tension Raised by North Korea Regime. Daily NK. Retrieved April 20, 2009 from  http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk01500&num=4773

Nonkilling Korea

Edited by Glenn D. Paige and Chung-Si Ahn, Nonkilling Korea is a collection of scholarly essays and material delivered at the Asia Center/Seoul National University and the Center for Global Nonkilling in Seoul during August 18-19, 2010. The material is written primarily about Korean values and culture, with the purpose of creating a shift in the discourse used to discuss modern Korean history. Whereas most Korean historiography focuses on war, and the political and militaristic aspects of 20th century conflicts surrounding Korea, the authors that contribute to Nonkilling Korea try to reframe history to include spiritual values and ethics. The book does not limit itself to a discussion of Korean history or culture per se, either. The editors cull material from sources that address other nations and cultures in relation to both South and North Korea, including the United States, China, Japan, and Russia. Nonkilling Korea includes an…

North/South Korea + Korean-Americans

The Two Koreas:

South Korea is known today as one of the rising economic giants of the industrialized world. The nation is a respected U.S. ally, and a center for fashion and technology, not to mention other industries. While South Korea's "star" is on a constant rise, its neighbor, North Korea, continues to live in a tightly closed society, with restrictive and degrading practices, whereby its citizens are almost like robots, not allowed to think for themselves, to eat properly, or to explore their world. The different between the two countries is stark, and in order to even begin to understand South Korea's ability to progress so much, one must analyze its history. However, for the purposes of this paper, three main questions will be analyzed in order to begin to understand the two countries in an initial phase:

South Korea's path of democratization in the…

Asian Studies

Countries are very much representative of human nature. If you were to examine a microcosm of a nation at its basic level, it would be a local community or neighborhood. The people who live in the same community usually tend to share similar economic levels and cultural attitudes. Neighbors also influence the behaviors of each other. For example, affluent neighborhoods tend to have good school systems, active kids (as in after school programs), and involved parents. To a certain degree, these things are expected. This notion is applicable to the nations of China, Korea, and Japan. This paper will examine similarities and differences between these counties in a historical context. China and Japan were traditional societies that responded differently to the external stimuli of foreign relations. Korea is also similar in this regard but their foreign invaders were Japanese not estern imperialists. All three nations also suffered under…

Works Cited:

Cumings, Bruce. "We look at it and see ourselves." London Review of Books. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2014. .

Hedges, Frank. "Japan is Speeding Korean Education." New York Times [New York City ] 6 Aug. 1939: 12. Print.

Takaki, Ronald T.. Strangers from a different shore: a history of Asian-Americans. Boston: Little, Brown, 1989. Print.

Thomson, James Claude, Peter W. Stanley, and John Curtis Perry.Sentimental imperialists: the American experience in East Asia. New York: Harper & Row, 1981. Print.

The Modernization approach and industrial policy in the period of Park Chung-Hee were considered to be much influenced by the South Korean social learning and accepting of Japanese ideologies and institution. The colonial modernity, localization of division of labor, government assisted bilateral cooperation were considered detrimental to the strategic parameters of economic development and industrialization, modernization strategy and industrial policy replicated the emulation of Japanese ideologies and institution.

Most of the Koreans believe Japan to be a perennial evil. The colonial domination by Japan over the Korea have led to massive economic exploitation and also called upon the national dignity severely. However, ever since 1980 a revisionist thought was initiated to being formed around the concepts of the perspective of colonial continuity, the notion of horizontal division of labor, and the movement towards the export led growth. The influence of the ideology of 'Fokoku Kyohei' and the emerging Modernization strategy…

References

Between Learning and Policy Innovation: Japanese Economic Institutions and South Korea's

Economic Policy in the 1960s. Prepared for presentation at the annual convention of the International Studies Association. New Orleans Marriot Hotel. March 24-27, 2002. Retrieved at http://www.isanet.org/noarchive/moon_nishino.html. Accessed 16 September, 2005

Lee, Grace. The Political Philosophy of Juche. Retrieved at  http://www.stanford.edu/group/sjeaa/journal3/korea1.pdf . Accessed 16 September, 2005

Sigmund Freud (1932): Lecture XXXV-Philosophy of Life. Retrieved at  http://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/at/freud.htm . Accessed 16 September, 2005

Chaebol

Korea's Economic Development

Korea's economy has been focused on developing the chaebol and export markets, as well as on the growth of existing industries. The country's economic strength thus lies in its export-dependent businesses. The particular strength of these strategies lies in the extreme concentration of its industries. The chaebol system allows economic focus on a few already prosperous business factions, and this concentration leads to the prosperity known by the country as a result. Indeed, the superchaebol in the four top positions account for 40 to 45% of Gross National Product in South Korea, which is higher than even Japan, from which the system was adopted.

The chaebol system is however very dependent on government approval, since there is no central financial institution for each chaebol. Furthermore Korea's banks had been nationalized until the mid-1970s, which resulted in a prohibition from owning large shares in these banks. The…

Japan and Korea Occupation

How and why did the Allied occupations of Japan and Korea differ?

Allied occupations of Japan and Korea date backs to year 1945 when orld ar II got ended. Both the occupations occurred as a consequence of victory of allies over the axis. The allied powers included the United States of America, United Kingdom, Soviet Union, France, and China whereas axis included Germany, Empire of Japan, and Italy (Schaller 1985, 1-11). The causes and effects of both these occupations were dependent on occupation of Japan by the allied forces. This paper will investigate and analyze that how and why did the allied occupations of Japan and Korea differ? After stating a brief hypothesis of this study, the paper will briefly inform the reader about the background that led to both these occupations. This will set the stage for understanding that how and why did both of…

Works Cited

Dower, John W. Embracing defeat: Japan in the wake of World War II. WW Norton & Company, 2000.

Molasky, Michael S. The American occupation of Japan and Okinawa: Literature and memory. Routledge, 2001.

Oberdorfer, Don. The Two Koreas: A Contemporary History. Addison-Wesley, 1997.

Schaller, Michael. The American occupation of Japan: the origins of the Cold War in Asia. Oxford University Press, 1985.

The fundamentals of exchange theory are illustrated at Appendix a. This approach to analyzing the current situation in North Korea will help add to the existing body of knowledge by developing fresh insights into the possible motivating factors that have characterized North Korea's negotiations with the West in general and the United States in particular in the past and will help address the hypothesis to be tested which is stated below.

Hypothesis

H1:

The likelihood that it will be possible to persuade North Korea to dismantle its nuclear capability will be increased if American military forces are removed from South Korea.

This hypothesis will be qualitatively tested based on a preponderance of the evidence that results from the critical review of the literature described above.

eferences

Auton, G.P. (2007). "North Korea: Another Country." Korean Studies 31, 100-101.

Barry, M.P. 2007. "North Korea equires Long-Term Strategic elationship with the U.S."

International…

References

Auton, G.P. (2007). "North Korea: Another Country." Korean Studies 31, 100-101.

Barry, M.P. 2007. "North Korea Requires Long-Term Strategic Relationship with the U.S."

International Journal on World Peace 24(1): 37-38.

Catchpole, B. 1998, November. "The Commonwealth in Korea." History Today, 33.

Confucianism promotes the "ideal of the scholar, who cultivates virtue in oneself and shares it through service in government, teaching, and daily life," Canda explains on page 1. The pure idea of Confucianism is to benefit all the citizens and those benefits have a ripple effect starting with the individual, through the family, and out to the Korean society and then the world (Canda, p. 1).

Confucianism has had an influence on many spiritual and physical Asian-based traditions; for example, Confucianism had a big influence on the development of martial arts, acupuncture, and meditation, according to Canda.

Shamanism: There are about 300 shamanistic temples within an hour of the capital of Seoul, according to an article in the New York Times (Sang-Hun, 2007, p. 1). The article points out that shamanism is presently enjoying a renaissance after "centuries of ridicule and persecution"; indeed, shamans were "demonized by Christian missionaries and…

Works Cited

Beaver, R. Pierce. "Chondogyo and Korea." Journal of the American Academy of Religion.

XXX.2, 115-122.

Buddhism Today. Buddhism in Korea. Retrieved Dec. 6, 2010, from  http://www.buddhismtoday.com . (1997).

Buswell, Robert E., and Lee, Timothy S. Christianity in Korea. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press, 2007.

Korean War, just like most other wars in history did not occur in a vacuum. It started because of the North Korean attack on the South Koreans with the belief that they would be able to win the war and communize the whole Korean peninsula (Chang, 2010). The confidence of North Koreans in their ability to win the fight against the South was not based on hope, but on the intense confidence that it will be an easy victory for the North Korean forces in the war (Chang, 2010). As a matter of fact, the North Korean forces were far more superior to the forces of the South in every category of the fighting abilities and capabilities (Chang, 2010). They were well armed with very heavy weapons and equipment the Soviet Union supplied, adequately trained by the cautious guidance of Soviet military education and training personnel, vastly reinforced with the…

References

Boose, Donald W. (1995). Portentous Sideshow: The Korean Occupation Decision. Volume 5, Number 4. Winter 1995-96. Parameters. U.S. Army War College Quarterly. pp. 112-29. OCLC 227845188.

Creative Commons Attribution. (n.d.). Korean War. Retrieved from:  http://saylor.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/Korean-War.pdf 

Devine, Robert A.; Breen, T. H.; Frederickson, George M.; liams, R. Hal; Gross, Adriela J.; Brands, H.W. (2007). America Past and Present 8th Ed. Volume II: Since 1865. Pearson Longman. pp. 819-21. ISBN 0-321-44661-5.

Doug Bandow. (2010). The Role and Responsibilities of the United States in the Korean War: Critical Foreign Policy Decisions by the Truman and Eisenhower Administrations. International Journal of Korean Studies. Vol. XIV, No. 2.

Tensions between the united states. And north korea are escalating once again, following president trump’s landmark tour of asia. President trump is calling on all nations to work together to prevent north korea’s nuclear program from reaching completion. A new report indicates that no matter how many deterrents are put in place, north korea is continuing its push to extend its missile-launching abilities.

Report

Satellite imagery collected by a news outlet “38 north” shows that north korea’s attempt to deploy its first operational ballistic missile submarine could be successful in the near future.

In another news article conducted by roberta valencia for newsweek reports that the u.S. Intelligence chas confirmed that if completed, the north korean submarine, at more than 2000 tons, will be “the largest vessel ever constructed for the north korean navy since the najin-class frigates”.

The fact that the us president has called for all nations to aid…

North and South Korea

The war between North and South Korea is now a few decades old. Ever since the two countries split in the 1950's, the world has been trying to find a way to reunite both the land and its citizens, some of whom have not seen their family for many decades. No other country in the world exists in the same complete (literal) darkness as North Korea. Sheltered from the world, the country and its citizens are living stuck in time, without modern technology and conveniences. However, North Korea does show its prowess once in awhile to discourage other from encroaching upon its authoritarian territory. This short analysis will focus on the situation between the two countries, complete with an analysis of their respective populations. [1: McDonald, M. (2010). "Crisis Status' in South Korea After North Shells Island." New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2011, from .…

Coldest ar: A Memoir of Korea, a novel written by James Brady. This paper clearly outlines the summary of the book and highlights some of the events written by the author in his book. This paper explains Brady's purpose behind writing his masterpiece and clearly defines its theme. Critical analysis of the novel and information about the author are also included.

The Coldest ar: A Memoir Of Korea

The Coldest ar: A Memoir of Korea written by James Brady gives a first person's account of the second Korean war. In the book the author compares the tactical approach of the army vs. marine rifle companies. Serving as a young marine lieutenant in the United States Marine Corps for a year, Brady tells the story by illustrating to his audience the deplorable conditions of the soldiers and the critical experience they underwent, through his analysis and encountering. The author talks about…

Works Cited

Dennis D. The Forgotten War Is Remembered. Newsday. 16 Jun. 2000.

Smith H. Tales Making Courage, Hardships In Korean War. The Washington Times.11

Jun. 2000.

James B. The Coldest War: A Memoir of Korea. Thomas Dunne Books-St. Martin's

Hat Stand and Globalization

The South Korean hat stand has been impacted by globalization over time in multiple ways. First, it has introduced larger corporations like Wal-Mart and Tesco into Asian markets. Second, it has created new demand for global goods and for Western items especially. Thirdly, through digitalization and the rise of the Internet, it has encroached on the meaningfulness of the street stall retailer -- i.e., the hat stand vendor -- and his ability to offer a novel product that cannot be obtained anywhere else.

First, globalization has impacted the hat stand over time because it has introduced larger competitors into the region -- giant wholesalers whose aim is to offer consumers goods at discounted prices. Wal-Mart and Tesco both entered into South Korea with this objective.[footnoteRef:1] And while only Tesco succeeded over time (Wal-Mart failed to connect with the values of the local population),[footnoteRef:2] the fact that…

Proponents of the capitalist developmental state argue, it was the bureaucratic interests that were the key to the successful industrialization of Japan and Korea in the postwar period. In particular, it was the bureaucrat's complete autonomy from self-serving interest groups and politicians that was the main factor that enabled them to define national-level strategies and then to implement them effectively." Those who are not proponents of the system believe it was a combination of other factors. Had it not been for the bureaucratic desire to succeed the motivation for capitalism would not have been put into place.

Following the Meiji era in Japan there were many economic reforms undertaken. Some of those reforms included:

unified system by way of modern currency, banking and investments. The desire and effort to establish a modern institutional framework that would be conducive to capitalist economic values was strong and was led by the bureaucrats…

References

Japan Modernization and Industrialization

 http://workmall.com/wfb2001/japan/japan_history_modernization_and_industrialization.html 

Background to Meiji Modernization  http://www.thecorner.org/hists/japan/meiji2.htm 

Korea, North THE POST-WAR ECONOMY AND PATTERNS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION

Long-Term Care in South Korea: Strengths of the Korean Long-Term Care Insurance Scheme (LTCI)
Adopted in 2008, the South Korean Long-Term Care (LTCI) Insurance seeks to advance care to the elderly, and assumes the social insurance format (Rhee, Done, Anderson, 2015).
To begin with, LTCI succeeds in the further enhancement of the health of the country’s elderly citizens. It is important to note that the incidence of chronic diseases, as it has been demonstrated in various research studies, rises with advancement in age. These diseases and conditions could have a serious impact on not only the health of those affected, but also on their overall wellbeing. South Korea, as Rhee, Done, Anderson (2015) observe, “is an example of a rapidly aging country that is currently experiencing the demographic transition that many middle-income countries will soon experience…” LTCI ensures that the livelihood of the country’s citizens is stabilized. This is particularly…

Indira Gandhi (India), Empress Myeongseong (Korea), Queen Hatshepsut (Africa).

Indira Gandhi, Empress Myeongseong, and Queen Hatshepsut

Indira Gandhi, Empress Myeongseong, and Queen Hatshepsut represent three female iconic figures in different societies at unique historical times. Indira Gandhi, as one of the most influential women, through the role she played in her attempts to transform the political and social situation in the Indian society. Queen Hatshepsut is one of the female pharaohs who managed to rule the country of Egypt at the expense of male counterparts in the society. In the Egyptian history, she is the most remembered female pharaoh following her qualities during her era. Empress Myeongseong is an iconic figure in the history of Japan. She is considered an iron woman in the ancient Japan based on her tough moves whenever her rule was threatened.

ifferences in the way Indira, Myeongseong, and Hatshepsut ran their societies

The three iconic…

Das, Ratan. 2002. Gandhi in 21st century. New Delhi: Sarup & Sons.

Das, Ratan. 2002. Gandhi in 21st century. New Delhi: Sarup & Sons.

Yi, Pae-yong, and Ted Chan. 2008. Women in Korean history. Seoul, Korea: Ewha Womans University Press.

Globalization

American Cultural Products have an Impact on Other Cultures

About the American Culture

How the American Culture Affects Products Globally

Influences of Culture on One Another

American Culture in China

American Culture in Korea

Major American Cultural Values

Globalization has created a completely new way of life for billions of people. It has provided people with new technologies and alternative ways of consuming everything, from products to music and films to literature and even language. In other words, globalization has impacted entire cultures in various countries (Friedman, 2005). The trend has been aided by the creation of the ability to purchase life changing goods for consumers; providing many varieties of consumable items at reasonably low prices on an international market has spread different cultures.

Understanding the impact of globalization on the regional and national cultures requires the understanding of the process and the meaning of globalization. While the term…

References

Bhagwati, J. (2004). In defense of globalization. New York: Oxford University Press.

Cismas, S. (2015). The impact of American culture on other cultures: Language and cultural identity. http://www.wseas.us. Retrieved 26 March 2015, from http://www.wseas.us/e-library/conferences/2010/Cambridge/AIKED/AIKED-61.pdf

Friedman, T. (2005). The world is flat. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

Haugen, D. (2009). American values. Detroit: Greenhaven Press.

working average cost of capital (WACC) is an important component of determining what operations to finance and comparing different alternatives. This calculation takes into account the costs that go into providing the capital that a firm can use for different ends. It is sometimes referred to as the "hurdle" rate because projects must always return a require amount to make the investment viable; with a few exceptions. The cost of capital is determined by first considering the firms equity and debt structure. Each time of investment in the business will have a different rate of return that it offers investors. For example, assets that were financed through a bank will have a different repayment structure and rate than assets that were financed through the sale of stock. The company must first average the cost of all the different financing activities that it has engaged in before it can calculate a…

References

Forbes. (2014, December). Best Countries for Business. Retrieved from South Korea:  http://www.forbes.com/places/south-korea/ 

Heritage Foundation. (2015). 2015 Index of Economic Freedom. Retrieved from Heritage Foundation:  http://www.heritage.org/index/country/southkorea 

Ree, J., Yoon, K., & Park, H. (2012, November). FX Funding Risks and Exchange Rate. Retrieved from IMF Working Paper:  https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2012/wp12268.pdf 

US Trade Representative. (N.d.). U.S. - South Korea Trade Agreement. Retrieved from U.S. Trade Representative:  https://ustr.gov/uskoreaFTA/manufacturing

I became an active member of the Red Cross Club, formed a band to perform at school shows, helped raise money for the Haitian flood relief, and auditioned and joined as many vocal groups as possible -- including the California All State Choir.

I am now a senior and do not even recognize that freshman who flew into Pebble Beach from Asia. I am enrolled in three AP courses; English, Economics and Music Theory. I study because I want to, and glean intellectual satisfaction from my participation in these courses. I am the lead tenor for the Jazz Choir, and lead guitarist for the Jazz Band. I enjoy physical challenges as well, and am one of the student leaders for the Rock Climbing Club. A few years ago, receiving a B. would have been a gift from heaven -- now it is a terrifying prospect. I have a group of…

Korea

What is the situation of Korea at the end of 19th century, in terms of international relations and domestic responses?

Before 1910, Korea was a part of an Asian empire known as the Joseon. In the 1800s, religious persecution laid the way for a rebellion by the people which would alter the course of the history of the country. The idea of a unified religious sect was to further strengthen the nation. Instead people were resentful that the government was trying to influence such a personal aspect of an individual's life. A "peasant" religion known as onghak was making its way into what would become Korea. The teachings of this religion discontented the lower classes from their stations and there was a rebellion in 1864. This all coincided with the attempts of the western world to gain access to Korea, something the government strictly refused.

In this period the…

During the war years, Japan would enlist Korean soldiers to fight, often through coercion or sometimes by force. As a colony population, the Koreans had far less power within the nation state and thus they were considered less important than their Japanese counterparts. This lack of fairness was battle against through several attempted revolutions. One of the most famous of these was the March 1st Movement. In 1919, in response to the oppressive regime of Japanese rule as well as the seeming incongruity of the League of Nations, a faction in Korea established a movement designed to completely alter the country and allow the common population to have sovereignty.

3. Describe the situation on the Korean peninsula from 1945 to 1950 when the Korean War breaks out.

Following World War II, Korea was finally given sovereignty and a chance to create a government more or less for and by the population. However, tensions were high from the outset. Many people within the country wanted to create a governmental format completely different from what they had experienced under Japanese rule. Influenced by the large country of China, a group within Korea believed that the best form of government for the newly freed country should be Communism. Another group however wanted a form of democracy similar to those they had witnessed from their interactions with western nations like the United States, England, and France. With neither side willing to compromise, it was only a matter of time before a schism would break the nation in two. That is exactly what happened in 1950 when the country of Korea was divided into two: North Korea which was controlled by a Communist government, and South Korea which was more democratic than its northern counterpart. This was not a suitable resolution to the distress of the warring nation and what happened was a bloody police action involving many countries of the world who each had their own individual reasons for helping. Communist countries such as China provided support for North Korea in the form of weapons and other supplies. Much of the free world, such as the United States, England, and France gave equal support to South Korea, hoping that by providing this aid the west would be able to prevent and retard the spread of Communism.

Family Law eform

Briefly describe major features of women's roles and positions in Confucian patriarchal and patrilineal family.

The Confucian patriarchal and patrilineal family had very limited roles for women. This occurred with them serving as second class citizens when it comes to their inheritance and overall place in the family. In other words, the male family members were first in line for power, authority, influence and assets. If something happened to them, is the when women would receive property and play a greater role. In many cases, they were less influential in their ritual responsibilities when it comes to their ancestors. Inside the kin group, they were subservient to males. This meant that they were not educated and served as the nurturer for raising the lineal heirs. While at the same time, they were expected to remain silent in public and perform various duties around the house. (Shin, 2006)…

References

Shin, K. (2006). The Politics of Family Law Reform Movement. Journal of Korean Studies, 11 (9), 93-125.

North Korean Intelligence:

Throughout its history, North Korea has continued to harass South Korea for as long as these countries have been separated by imaginary line and roadblocks. Since the country invasion upon South Korea in June 1950, North Korea has been a thorn in the daily lives of South Koreans. North Korea has been able to maintain such relations because of intelligence collection capabilities on the Korean Peninsula. The Democratic People's Republic of Korea or North Korea has a comprehensive intelligence gathering structure and several people conducting the intelligence operations. The three main agencies in the intelligence unit are the Ministry for Protection of State Security, Korean Workers Party, and the military intelligence arm.

North Korea's Intelligence Collection Methods:

One of the most evident aspects regarding North Korea is that the country seems to be in a constant mission to gather intelligence on the Korean Peninsula. This is largely…

Bibliography:

Erickson, Ryan. "Foreign Intelligence Organizations: Mid Term; North vs. South Korea." Ryan

Erickson, 2009.  http://ryanerickson.com/foreign-intelligence-organizations-mid-term-north-vs.-south-korea  / (accessed December 15, 2011).

Jin, Han Young. "NSC's Detection of Cell-Phone Usage Is Strengthening." Daily NK

Brightening the Future of Korea, 2007.  http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk01500&num=2792  (accessed December 15, 2011).

North Korea Info Collection

Over the many decades that it has had a dictatorial regime, North Korea has attempted to use a number of different approaches to gain access to the vital information it believes it needs to counter the forces of its warring enemy, South Korea. Even so on just about every level it is assumed that North Korea is quite far behind in its abilities to compete effectively in the challenge to confront or spy on other nations that it doesn't like or distrusts -- including the United States.

For the most part, North Korea funnels its strategies regarding the capturing of information through its military and spy networks (Pike, 2011). However, it has also begin using other more contemporary methods of information gathering and monitoring, including adjusting their military systems to facilitate better control and provocation strategies. This is thought to be occurring because of the country's…

REFERENCES

Associated Press (2009). N. Korea reshuffles key spy agencies. Hindustan Times. Viewable at  http://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/RestOfAsia/NKorea-reshuffles-key-spy-agencies-Report/Article1-409400.aspx .

Breitbart (2009). N. Korea operating cyber warfare unit. Viewable at  http://www.breitbart.com/article.php?id=D97VRISG0 .

Dies, H. (2011). North Korean Special Operations Forces: 1996 Kangnung submarine infiltration. Viewable at  http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0IBS/is_4_30/ai_n13822276/ .

Jin, H.Y. (2007). NSC's Detection of Cell Phone Usage is Strengthening. Inside North Korea. Viewable at  http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk01500&num=2792 .

Korea had gone from 22% literacy in 1945 to almost 90% by the end of the 1970s. Thus the Korean workers' knowledge level picked up the slack - Koreans were working smarter rather than simply harder.

One of the reasons productivity decline in the 1970s was increased political instability. A wealth gap had emerged in Korean society, evidenced by a reduction in the Gini coefficient. Park was assassinated, resulting in increased instability. After the economic boom was established, further changes were made in economic policy at the political level. Deregulation was imposed in order to rectify some of the social sacrifices that had occurred as a result of the nation's push to prosperity. The Park government had been roughly modeled on a colonial system and reforms were required. Inflation was high and the country was developing strong class divisions that threatened the social order.

These reforms brought South Korea its…

Works Cited

Gregg, Donald. (1999). Park Chung Hee. Time Magazine. Retrieved December 10, 2008 at  http://www.time.com/time/asia/asia/magazine/1999/990823/park1.html 

Menarguez, Francisco Garcia-Blanch. (2002). Economic Growth in South Korea, 1961-2000. Universidad Complutense Madrid. Retrieved December 10, 2008 at  http://www.ucm.es/info/eid/pb/Book02FGB.pdf 

No author. (no date) the Economy Country Studies - U.S. Library of Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2008 at  http://countrystudies.us/south-korea/45.htm 

Myung Soo Cha. (No date). The Economic History of Korea. EH.Net. Retrieved December 10, 2008 at http:/ / the.net/encyclopedia/article/cha.korea

academic and popular discourse on East Asia, Korea has a long, strong, and unique history. The culture of Korea has evolved over the last several millennia to become one of the world's most distinctive, homogenous, and intact. Being surrounded by large and ambitious neighbors has caused Korea to have a troubled history, evident in the most recent generations with the division between North and South. The division between North and South Korea is the first time the peninsula has been divided since its initial unification in the mid-7th century CE. Until the Korean War, the people of Korea have been bound together by common language, customs, and political culture. No significant minority culture or linguistic group has made Korea its home, and although Korea has been invaded and encroached upon by others, it has also never been an expansionist or imperialistic culture either.

The Korean peninsula has been inhabited since…

References

Armstrong, C.K. (2015). Korean history and political geography.

Eckert, C.J., Lee, K., et al. (1991). Korea Old and New. Korea Institute, Harvard University Press.

"Hidden Korea," (n.d.). PBS. Retrieved online:  http://www.pbs.org/hiddenkorea/history.htm 

Nelson, M.N. (1993). The Archaeology of Korea. Cambridge University Press.

Korean History: The Climate and Culture of Foreign Business

The challenge of any cultural history undertaken to determine the foreign business fitness of a location is to make sure that there is due respect afforded the society with regard to issues that might not be seen as directly affecting the bottom line. So much of the time in the business world we are collectively focused on the ideas that surround the continued development of the global world economy, without regard for the existence of prior national issues. An easily made mistake for a researcher addressing issues of Korea from the United States would be to distill Korean history into a form that only include the interests of this country after the Korean-American ar.

This account will attempt to address those issues by addressing the culture through its earliest history to its present state through modern demographics, religion, education, housing, leisure…

Works Cited

North Korean crisis starts to hurt South Korea economically." February 11, 2003. American

City Business Journals Inc. February, 11 2003 ( http://tampabay.bizjournals.com ).

South Korea gross national income soars." February 9, 2003. American City Business Journals

Inc. February 11, 2003. (

Korean Financial Crisis in the Late 1990s: Lesson for Current Euro Area

The objective of this study is to examine what is unique or different about the Korean financial crisis as compared to other Asian financial crises and to determine the primary causes of the financial crisis in Korea. This work will further examine the government response to the crisis and what it is that can be learned from the Korean financial crisis and applied in Korea to the Euro Area.

The major components of the Korean financial system in the 1960s and 1970s are stated in reports to have been nationalized with "lending targeted toward favored sectors and firms including the exports and heavy industries. (Jeon and Miller, 2005) Regional banks came on in 1967 and could only operate in their own provinces, which provided encouragement for development that was regionally-based. In the early 1980s, plans were made for…

Bibliography

Athens University of Economics and Business. Cyprus Economic Policy Review, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 89-96 (2010) 1450-4561

Causes, Policy Response, and Lessons. Presentation at The High-Level Seminar on Crisis Prevention in Emerging Markets Organized by The International Monetary Fund and The Government of Singapore. Singapore July 10-11, 2006.

Global Economic Review: Perspectives on East Asian Economies and Industries. Retrieved from: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rger20 

Jeon, BN (2012) From the 1997-98 Asian Financial crisis to the 2008-09 global economic crisis: lessons from Korea's experience. 1 Feb 2012.

On page 138 Halberstam explains that the initial American units "…thrown into battle were poorly armed, in terrible shape physically, and, more often than not, poorly led" (Halberstam, 2007, 138). The U.S. was trying to get by "…on the cheap," Halberstam explains, and it Korea "it showed immediately"; Truman wanted to keep taxes low, he wanted to try and pay off the debt from the enormous expenditures in II, and as was referenced earlier, Truman really wanted to keep military expenditures down.

But what that austerity program meant was that the first troops that were being trained at Fort Lewis (prior to their orders to fight in Korea) were asked to "…use only two sheets of toilet paper each time they visited the latrine" (Halberstam, 138). Moreover, the lackluster performance by the initial troops sent into harm's way in Korea was reported back in the states and caused serious concerns.…

Works Cited

Halberstam, David. 2007. The Coldest Winter: America and the Korean War. New York:

Hyperion.

Kaufman, Burton I. 1983. The Korean War: Challenges in Crisis, Credibility, and Command.

Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.

U.S. Role in Development of South Korean Economy

The end of the Second orld ar saw the division of the Korean Peninsula into two separate countries: North Korea, under the control of the Communists, and South Korea, under the control of the United States and it's allies. (Carter 2010) In June of 1950, the North Koreans, with Soviet support, invaded the South in an effort to re-unite the two countries in a "People's Republic of Korea." (Hickey 2000) ith the intervention of the United States and it's U.N allies, the North Koreans were pushed back and, when on the verge of collapse, the Communist Chinese enter the war on the side of the North Koreans. The Americans were then pushed back to the area around the original dividing line between the two countries; and the war then see-sawed back and forth for two more years. In the end, the two…

Works Cited

Carter, David. "The Korean war at 60 part one: origins and outbreak." Contemporary Review 292.1697 (2010): 158+. Academic OneFile. Web. 20 Apr. 2011.

Hickey, Michael. The Korean War. New York: Overlook Press, 2000. Print.

Mason, Edward S. The Economic and Social Modernization of the Republic of South Korea. Cambridge, MA: Council on East Asian Studies, Harvard University, 1980. Print.

Medhurst, Martin J. "Text and Context in the 1952 Presidential Campaign: Eisenhower's 'I Shall Go to Korea' Speech." Presidential Studies Quarterly 30.3 (2000): 464. Academic OneFile. Web. 20 Apr. 2011.