Law Enforcement Essays (Examples)

Law Enforcement the Role of

Providing fast and open communication is a crucial component of law enforcement's role in any emergency situation, particular natural disasters in which the circumstances of the danger can change rapidly and seemingly without warning.

In fact, most emergency management situations will require fast responses from law enforcement personnel and agencies. A HAZMAT situation is one such example, in which it is crucial that individual members of the law enforcement agency are well-trained in how to respond to the presence of a hazardous material in order to limit the damage or threat to public safety that such an incident can cause. Though the track record of the transportation industry is excellent, it is a simple fact that accidents with hazardous materials will occur. The primary role of law enforcement in a situation like this is to operate at the first-responder and awareness level of management (Donahue, 1993).

Law enforcement agencies must…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement - Interviews Law

Q: Do you think continual education and/or training in police ethics would reduce incidents of police corruption?

A: Again, it depends entirely on the type of continual education and training we're talking about: repeating simplistic ethical training scenarios originally presented in the academy is even less effective with respect to seasoned police veterans than with respect to rookies or trainees. On the other hand, if we're talking about a well-designed program that really reflects the realities of policing and that fundamentally distinguishes legitimate issues of corruption from trivial matters and unrealistic standards that are all but ignored on the street by veteran officers, then yes, I think continual education and training is essential in police ethics just as it is in other police services and functions.

Q: Thank you very much for your time Sergeant, I really appreciate your participation.

A: You're very welcome. I'd let you buy me a…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement on September 11 2001 Almost

Law Enforcement

On September 11, 2001, almost a decade past, the world was not only shocked by the events surrounding the terrorist actions against the United States, but the basic mission of law enforcement; local, regional, state, federal, and international, has dramatically changed. Since 9/11, the most basic mission of law enforcement has been to both uncover and anticipate potential terrorist targets and attacks and do anything and everything to prevent them. The events of 9/11 showed that the United States was also vulnerable to attack, causing post-9/11 law enforcement to focus more on planning, communication and prevention of any future attack.

One of the most visible paradigm shifts since 9/11 has been that law enforcement has been forced to being reactive to a complete switch -- not quite proactive in planning, execution and development. This ensues several challenges faced by law enforcement. Despite new legislation, for instance, it is…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Interview Imagine Studying the Opinion

Law Enforcement Interview

Imagine studying the opinion of another law enforcement officer. What could one learn from that individual? Does he or she have any recommendations that are worth mentioning? How is discipline issues handled? One will discuss the various questions asked to Daniel Heinze with much analysis.

Why are ethics and character so important in the field of law enforcement?

Daniel (2011) believes that ethics and character is quite important in the field of law enforcement. He said, "From all the years of work I have done in the community, I have seen officers exploit their power by speeding and abusing innocent people" (Heinze, 2011). ecently, in the news, one has exploited another as a means of harming an innocent individual. This person has faced fines and termination from the police department. Everyone in Saline County was disappointed (Heinze, 2011).

One needs to explain how someone gets to work…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Is One of

Goal setting techniques also reduce stress, as a sense of purpose is now both part of time and personal management within the police department.

Collaborative policing through electronic communication can also serve as a time-saving device. Police departments can now collaborate to a certain extent without the cost of travel or long telephone conversations. These collaborations can act as a time saving device in cases where specialized advice is required, or where certain databases not available locally need to be accessed (Toch & Grant, 1991, p. 45).

It is important to recognize the various aspects of time management within policing. oth personal, professional and community issues are at stake. The police provides a very important service to the public, and should therefore be at its optimum level of performance. Performance can only be optimized through careful planning and strategizing techniques. These should then include a consideration of needs within the…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Culture Organizational Cultures Within Law

Law Enforcement Culture

Organizational Cultures within Law Enforcement

Are there organizational cultures within law enforcement that can prove positive and/or negative to an agency? Provide examples that support your thoughts

Today's society is incredibly diverse and this level of diversity also requires that law enforcement organizations incorporate diversity into their organization as well to handle these challenges. By incorporating diversity into the law enforcement organization, it is possible to improve race relations, public attitudes towards police, police professionalism as well as minimize the potential for racial profiling. However, there are many law enforcement organizations that have a great deal of racism within their organizational cultures.

This can definitely affect the law enforcement agency in a variety of negative ways. Even if the policing organization is just perceived as racist then they are likely to receive a different treatment from the public than would be optimal. Joseph McNamara observes that "Learning…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement and Police Calls Police Services

Law Enforcement and Police Calls

Police Services, Keeping the Peace or City Services Hotline?

As a society, it is collectively understood that contacting the police is a community service available to citizens. The phone number to connect emergency service dispatchers is the ubiquitous, '9-1-1,' digits. hile there are additional channels in which non-emergency calls may be routed, the '9-1-1' option is the most memorable and universally known means for a citizen to connect with emergency services.

The types of calls that police respond to are generally categorized into four categories that correlate with legitimate functions of law enforcement and fighting crime. However, there is also a fifth class of requests that falls outside of police duties. This paper discusses the categories of police service requests, as well as considering the less conspicuous implications of prostitution and call-services on law enforcement and crime fighting.

John C. Meyer specifically cites four areas…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Technology Do You

Community policing calls for decentralization both in command structure and decision-making. Decentralized decision making permits officers on the front line to take responsibility for their job. When an officer is given more power to create solutions to problems and take risks, they feels more accountable for those solutions and assumes a greater responsibility for the well being of everyone in the community. "Decentralized decision making involves flattening the hierarchy of the agency, increasing tolerance for risk taking in problem solving efforts, and allowing officers discretion in handling calls" (Community Policing Defined, 2008).

I think that even with the availability of more real time information that managers will continue to follow the Community Policing Model. I feel this way because I believe that the Community Policing Model is a good idea. It allows for the officers on the street to have more control over the decisions that they make. It empowers…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement the Rampart Incident

For example, the hierarchical system of management may not be the most effective method and more collaborative practices might prove more effective in eliminating corruption. The "haphazard," "limited" and "marginally effective" training in ethics must also be improved and targeted toward the current generation of officers (6). The review panel also notes a startling lack of ethics education during police officer training programs (7).

The lack of coherence between the formal ethical codes and the street "cop codes" has downgraded public confidence in law enforcement officers and in the ability of the department to meet the needs of the community. Low confidence in law enforcement is especially prevalent in minority communities. The ethical responsibilities of the police force must be revamped to include a greater awareness of the issues affecting minority communities. Unfortunately, the lack of confidence in the LAPD has meant that local residents are less than enthusiastic and…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement After 911 Since September 11

Law Enforcement After 911

Since September 11, 2001, the United States has faced an unprecedented level of terrorist threat, forcing the U.S. Government to allocate additional resources and energy for combating and preventing terrorism. In the face of every terror threat or attempted terrorist acts against American civilians, many critical observers and media commentators criticize the law enforcement agencies for their inability to successfully combat terrorism. The hypothesis of this paper, however, is that the law enforcement agencies have become better equipped to handle terrorist threats since 9/11 and were able to prevent terrorist attacks against the United States. Statistical data on foiled terrorist plots as well as the new strategies adopted by the FBI, CIA, the Department of Homeland Security and other agencies show that America today is better protected from terrorism than ever before. The increasing level of terrorist threat is due to increasing level of willingness on…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement and Hiring Laws Types of

Law Enforcement and Hiring Laws

Types of Policing

Community policing primarily consists of law enforcement through police patrol and presence. Problem oriented policing is very similar to community policing, except that instead of merely patrols actions are directed to address a specific problem. A problem oriented policing response is exemplified by increased patrols at problem traffic intersections or enforcement of pedestrian crossing from speeding traffic. Problem oriented policing is noted to have reduced burglaries in Newport News, Virginia (alker & Katz, 2008, p. 340). Both community and problem oriented policing is aimed at developing trust and interaction with local communities, in which the contributing social factors that contribute to crime is countered.

The potential shortcoming of community policing is the reality that studies have shown it does not necessarily reduce crime, but does improve the perception of safe neighborhoods (alker & Katz, 2008, p. 321). In the case of problem…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Patrols and Gangs When the

Law Enforcement Patrols and Gangs

hen the Police Are Called

A call for police response by citizens is a service call, in which the public has an implicit assumption for immediate solutions. The motivations for citizens to call upon police intervention are cited falling into four classifications as; maintain social boundaries, relieve disrupting situations, counter-punching (the caller's own suspicious activities), or obtain emergency response services (alker & Katz, 2008, p. 238). In addition to the four classifications, the ease of calling '911' can compel citizens to use the police emergency line to communicate disruptions of traffic or malfunctioning city services.

The assumed duty of the police, by the public, is that the cause of the situation precipitating the call will be negated. The public may desire for a resolution, however the police are typically limited to diffusing situations. Although an officer may lack the legal authority to compel a citizen…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Factors Influencing Hiring of Law

Law Enforcement

Factors Influencing Hiring of Law Enforcement Officers

Government funding agencies primarily dictate the recruitment process for a department, while the local police chief has only a minor influence in the methodology or content of training officers. More recently, departments have taken an active role in recruiting, and the overall education level of the force is on the rise. In recent times, arbitrary and discriminatory restrictions upon officer recruits and hiring have been eliminated, particularly physical attribute parameters (alker & Katz, 2008). The profession still suffers from a perception that the career necessitates masculine attributes and strict physical demands (alker & Katz, 2008, p. 131). ithin some social groups, the police force is not perceived in a positive light, and as a result may dissuade some from entering the force. However, the make up of the police force is evolving to better reflect the diversity of the communities it…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Deviance the Rampart

Both of these cases indicate that police deviance continues to exist, partly because the stakes are so high, and the rewards are so great for officers who successfully steal or become corrupt in the system. Most of the corruption stems from money and greed, and when it is present every day in the officers' lives, it is difficult for at least some to resist temptation. It also seems that officers are paid relatively little in the terms of the risks they take, and seeing so many opportunities for corruption around them may tempt some of them to engage in illegal and deviant activities simply because the opportunities are so great, and risk of being caught much smaller than if they were not on the force.

There seem to be several different methods of controlling this deviance. First and foremost, supervisors and administration need to keep closer watch on officers, especially…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Organizational Behavior Organizational

This is known among police as "professional courtesy," and violating it has been known to result in the cited officer's commander's contacting the issuing officer's commander with an (informal) complaint, expected to be addressed by an (informal) lecture on the topic of professional courtesy. Occasionally, a "ticket war" will erupt between neighboring police departments, sparked, initially, by the issuance of summonses by officers from one department to off-duty officers from another that phone calls between their respective commanders fails to resolve. Certain neighboring departments have a long-standing animosity between them, and more generally, state troopers and highway patrol agencies sometimes ignore any notion of professional courtesy toward local police agencies.

Where professional courtesy is observed, it extends even to DUI enforcement, provided no injuries, major property damage, or civilians are involved (either as victims or witnesses). An officer who pulls over an intoxicated driver with police

ID is much more…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Patrolling Kansas City Gun Experiment

Law Enforcement Patrolling

Kansas City Gun Experiment and the Kerner Commission Report

The Kansas City Gun Experiment of 1992 and 1993 illustrates a police strategy that was responsive to the fact that a particular area was responsible for a very high rate of firearm related homicides (University of Maryland; University of Texas, 2012). The intensification of police patrols represents a hybridization of the traditional "law enforcement" and "crime fighting" police functions. The case study is significant because it provided the basis to test the theory that reducing the number of guns in an area would prevent crime, and counters the argument that more guns would result in less incidences of crime (Sherman, Shaw, & Rogan, 1995, p. 2). The most differential aspect of the patrols is that they were mobilized as a preventative measure to a specific type of crime (University of Maryland; University of Texas, 2012). Officers engaged in…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement the Police Are

Many times, police officers are attacked or the prisoners themselves are injured during this booking process. The deaths and injuries, specifically of prisoners belonging to ethnic minorities, have triggered conflicts between the police and the community in recent years. Studies showed that the separation of the arresting officer and the suspect appeared to lessen the rate of reoccurrence. The studies recommended an evaluation of procedures and reinforcement (Community Relations Service).

The police also get into trouble with the way they deal with the mentally impaired (Community Relations Service 2003). They need to become more familiar with current-day approaches in the field of mental illness. One way this need can be met is to obtain training from area health professionals on what to do when encountering mental illness cases while fulfilling their police functions. The channels of communication should remain open, upgraded and active among the police, the mental health professional…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement in a Market Economy

Executive Summary
Amidst scarce resources and unlimited needs, it is imperative for law enforcement and criminal justice organizations to allocate resources efficiently. The budgeting process must ensure resources are allocated to the most critical or pressing areas (Doss, Guo & Lee, 2012). There are proposals by the state government to cut the police department’s operations budget. If not well thought out, the proposed budget cuts may hinder the organization from realizing its goals and objectives. It is imperative for the state government to be properly aware of the forces that influence the law enforcement market. Cutting the budget at a time when there is increased demand for law enforcement services is not a sensible thing to do. Crime levels in the city have increased significantly in the last few years. This has meant deployment of more police officers, addition of equipment and facilities (e.g. police cars), and even more rigorous…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Employment Law regarding Termination

Currently there are no federal laws governing employment contract of law enforcement, and in fact, law enforcement has yet to be professionalized or federalized in any way. This situation may change in the future as the quality of law enforcement in the United States is being increasingly called into question due to incidents like the one described in the sample scenario in which an officer has been repeatedly accused of unnecessary force and brutality. As an administrator, I would like to see this officer’s contract immediately terminated. I will be constrained mainly by the general Department of Labor fair labor standards, as well as any employment law considerations that appeal to specialized personnel. If the members of my department are members of a police union, then there could be some serious repercussions I would need to consider. For example, Friedersdorf (2014) points out that faulty arbitration procedures sometimes hinder a…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion Program

Purpose of presentation: comparing LEAD with The Herring Problem Solving Method
The Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion (LEAD) happens to be a grant-funded program aimed at rehabilitating low-level drug crimes and prostitution in Belltown, Seattle, Washington along with King County’s Skyway area. Initiated and administered by a group of law enforcement agencies, public representatives, along with community groups, the program aims to enhance public safety and reduce crime by offering job training, housing, mental health treatment, and healthcare to low-level prostitutes and drug offenders (LEAD, 2017). The program’s focus on rehabilitation as opposed to conventional, punitive methods is one of its major strengths. This presentation compares this program with the problem solving model presented in the video presentation from Week Two, which depicts “The Herring Problem Solving Method.”
The Herring Problem Solving Method
Identify the problem
Quantify the problem
Describe the problem
Identify stakeholders
Propose solutions
Select the best solution
Develop…… [Read More]

Prejudice and Ethics in Law Enforcement

Preventing Bias-Based Profiling
Law enforcement officers can sometimes reflect personal and cultural bias in the exercising of their duties as a law enforcement agent. For example, when developing a criminal profile, victim profile or geographical profile, preconceived notions of what certain people from certain backgrounds—whether ethnic, religious or socio-economical—are like can alter the officer’s perception of reality. In order to mitigate the influence of bias in policing, law enforcement agencies have to be conscious and mindful of strategies that can be used to prevent bias-based profiling. This paper will propose two strategies for dealing with the law enforcement subculture, as it relates to bias-based profiling. One strategy will be from an ethical perspective and the other will be in terms of preventing bias-base discriminations from creating adverse social conditions that impede the peaceful functioning of social systems and society as a whole.
From a utilitarian ethics standpoint, society should pursue…… [Read More]

The Future of Law Enforcement and Maintenance of Law and Order

In the United States, policing has been an evolving concept given the desire to strike a balance between keeping law and order and the need to safeguard citizen’s rights granted by the constitution. There are three eras of policing history recognized in the US with the first termed the Political Era, which occurred between 1840 and 1930 (Edwards, 2011). During this period, the role of the police was to offer a range of social services to the community. The police force was organized in a decentralized structure, and there was a close relationship between the police and the community. Moreover, they conducted patrols on foot and bicycles. With the strategy, police officers established and built close relationships with business owners and citizens who lived, worked and played in the neighborhood. Overall, officers were effective in serving the local community and meeting the needs of the political leaders.
This was followed…… [Read More]

Evolving Police Service and Community Involvement

The future of law enforcement
Introduction
The contemporary world has seen evolution of virtually every sector of the society, from communication to trade, from food production to medical care procedures and from foreign wars to the inland security. This same revolution needs to be fully implemented in the law enforcement which looks forward to being effective in the highly globalised society. There is need therefore to critically evaluate and analyze areas in which pertinent factors like technology, leadership/organizational culture, community policing and police training can be improved and modernized in order to make them palatable to the current society, with the current law adherence challenges.
Problem statement
The USA law enforcement officers face challenges in handling and effectively resolving the contemporary crimes and the ever changing faces of criminal tendencies. The main problem that perpetuates this status quo is the stagnation in the approach to combating crimes, despite the fact…… [Read More]

Arizona Revised Statutes involving Arrests

Arizona Revised Statutes
A.R.S. 13-3881, Arrest:
A. An arrest is made by an actual restraint of the person to be arrested, or by his submission to the custody of the person making the arrest.
Arrests may be done in the following ways: (1) through the arrester putting his/ her hands on or touching the arrestee; (2) through any action suggesting the arrester’s intent to detain the arrestee and subjecting the latter to the former’s actual will and control; or (3) through the arrestee’s consent. All arrests involve restraint, which needs to be under pretended or actual legal authority. But it is not necessary for formal words suggesting arrest or for a booking at a police station for the act to be considered an arrest. An objective test helps ascertain whether or not an arrest has occurred in a given case, resting on whether reasonable individuals under such a circumstance would…… [Read More]

Tulsa Oklahoma Sheriff's Office Failures

Ethics, Values, and Self-Awareness: What Was Lacking in Tulsa

The deplorable shooting of an unarmed man named Eric Courtney Harris was precipitated by unethical and ineffective leadership practices and policies used in the Tulsa County Sheriff's Office. One of the key issues in this case is that the Tulsa County Sheriff's Office relies on public elections of their sheriffs, inviting potential corruption and preventing law enforcement from being independent from politics. Another issue in this case reflects poorly on almost every other police department in the nation: ineffective training. Finally, the Tulsa case reveals the problems with entrenched organizational cultures that condone violent responses to conflicts rather than inculcating nonviolent conflict resolution strategies. All of the problems in the Tulsa case can be traced to leadership failures, ethical violations, a lack of self-awareness, and a lack of strong values.

Former Tulsa deputy Robert Bates was an insurance salesman who was…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement and Corrections

Law enforcement and corrections can be influenced by several external threats. These consist of external communication gaps and many environmental influences. One of the key external threats that impacts both corrections and law enforcement is politics. In delineation, politics is the art of wielding one's authority and power over the government or public affairs. In particular, political action can give rise to the imposition of one's interests within the government, in positions of leadership within the government, with regard to the control over resources, as well as in terms of holding government office. Politics influence law enforcement and corrections by impacting the individuals that will hold different positions in criminal justice, for instance the police, judges, prosecutors as well as correctional executives. Law enforcement, administration, and corrections are linked with politics on various extents and levels. Prevailing political philosophy and ideology influence the structure, organization, as well as anticipation of…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice

"ccording to a 2001 Department of Justice survey, 20% of students aged 12 through 18 reported that street gangs had been present at their school during the previous 6 months. More than a quarter (28%) of students in urban schools reported a street gang presence, and 18% of students in suburban schools and 13% in rural schools reported the presence of street gangs. Public schools reported a much higher percentage of gang presence than private schools." These gangs were often responsible for selling drugs in schools, and used the profits gained from the trafficking of drugs to garner new recruits, soliciting dealers from the student population with the promise of profits. The gangs thus begat violence, just as the users whom they sell their drugs to also begat violence in their attempts to get enough money to buy more drugs.… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Group Productivity as

Second, I would look at whether I had provided my subordinates with a common purpose, and whether I had taken the time to explain that purpose to my subordinates. Third, I would determine whether I had ensured that my subordinates understood priorities, both my priorities and the priorities of my superiors. Fourth, I would examine my methods of confliction resolution to determine whether I had been using a win-win method of conflict resolution or if I had been adhering to older, punitive means of conflict resolution. Fifth, I would examine my policy towards my subordinates; did I listen to them when they came to me with problems, or did I try to offer solutions without really hearing what they had to say. Sixth, I would look at what I had done to promote synergy; whether I had done anything to actively encourage community cooperation with my organization. Finally, I would…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Is a Different

While it is a felony to flee the scene of an accident, a police office is ethically bound to report the issue if he himself is in such an accident. The same is with drunken and disorderly behavior or destruction of property. In "Choirboys" the police officers would congregate in a park after hours to engage in drunkenness, disorderly behavior and sexual orgies with women. And this park was supposed to be out of bounds and closed to the public after hours.

Loyalty

The introduction in this essay already alluded to the "blue wall of silence" that accompanies every police organization. This is an exclusive fraternity and officers are required to look after and out for each other. In fact, beat cops see themselves as removed from the detective squad, whom they refer to as suits. Certainly, most police hate the Internal affairs squad, though they were once beat cops…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Officers and Gratuities

These gratuitous cookies are simply a show of appreciation to the police force in general and enhance the job satisfaction factor for officers.

On the other hand, the Code of Ethics states that "Officers will refuse to accept any gifts, presents, subscriptions, favors, gratuities or promises that could be interpreted as seeking to cause the officer to refrain from performing official responsibilities honestly and within the law" (n.d.). With this in mind, it would not be acceptable for an officer to accept a free oil change, in exchange for him not reporting the fact that he noticed a stolen car in the back of shop. Even when gratuities are given without a specific 'favor' in mind, it could be implied that that officer will give special treatment to the person at a later date, and for this reason, in general, gratuities should not be accepted.

eferences

Code of ethics online.…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Introduction the Modern Police Forces

Law Enforcement Introduction

The Modern Police Forces

Prior to the formation of the Philadelphia force in 1833, policing primarily consisted of "night watches" and sheriffs recruited from the community (Sabeth). The role of law enforcement was ad hoc in nature to fight crime, night watch patrols, and not an organized or uniform organization. Incidentally, the rural nature of the country did not necessitate an established and robust policing force until the urbanization and industrialization of the 1830s and 1840s. In response to a growing need to maintain law and order on city streets, a significant and visible presence was needed to counter riots and avert crime.

Philadelphia, and later New York, first established polices forces whose jurisdiction and duties were attended twenty-four hours a day (Sabeth). The significance of the modern police force was that it was developed to prevent crime, law enforcement, and maintain order by being visibly present…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Corruption Controlling Corruption

Accountability

"Accountability refers to the mechanisms by which both law enforcement officers and the agencies they serve are held responsible for promoting social order, reducing crime, and treating each individual fairly and within the limits of the law" (Chambliss, 2011). The three dimensions of police accountability are accountability to the public, accountability to the law, and accountability to each other (other members of the police force. If one were to look at the most fundamental dimension of police accountability, such as accountability to the public, one would see just how crucial this is: "It both defines and protects citizens' rights while also promoting a collective sense of faith in the larger criminal justice system" (Chambliss, 2011).

The three E's are "Effectiveness -- whether police accomplish what they are supposed to do: A. Do they effectively control crime? B. Are they successful in arresting offenders? Efficiency-- whether they accomplish their tasks…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Communications Interoperability of Emergency Service

Law Enforcement Communications

Interoperability of Emergency Service Communications

The number and scope of each individual emergency and public safety agency has resulted in an ad hoc patchwork of communication equipment. Routine daily needs within one agency for clear and concise communication fall short of readiness for large-scale emergencies involving either multiple services or jurisdictions. The current budgeting autonomy of each public service department has resulted in a many agencies with antiquated equipment, while others posses more modern tools, that may sufficiently serve current needs, yet is clearly inadequate for more common emergencies like large fires or traffic pile ups. However, interoperability, the capability to communicate across different gear, radio frequencies, and standardization, both limits and delays the response time, as well as effectiveness, of each individual. hen emergencies entail injuries and danger, timely command and communication of resources may be the difference between life and death.

The video, "hy Can't…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement How Technology Is

"After September 2001 law enforcement agencies realized the potential devastation and chaos an act of terrorism can cause. The Council was created to improve the ability of the Police Department to respond to a situation and educate the Department and the community." (ichmond Police Department, 2004)

Police departments have had to become terrorist experts. The Homeland Security Terrorism Advisory Council for example is a collaboration of sworn officers and civilian employees with diverse backgrounds. Many of these members are or were leading members of specially trained units or have extensive training in SWAT, bomb technology, military assault, hazmat crime analysis, international terrorism intelligence, strategic planning and many other legal units such as basic attorneys. Through technology and experience, the Homeland Security Terrorism Advisory Council should be able to identify, acquire, plan, and advise on terroristic crisis. With this knowledge base the unit should be able to therefore anticipate, prevent, and…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement - Dubious Value

Moreover, the risks posed by felons with known propensities (or stated intentions) to respond violently to law enforcement apprehension efforts are usually subject to judicially approved no-knock arrest warrants; therefore, they can be excepted from this particular element of analysis.

However, a subject who is forewarned of officers' intention to breach his home's entrance by the amount of time required by knock and announce standards presents the worst case scenario for all involved: he may be insufficiently startled to preclude any response on his part in the manner of a subject who is completely surprised (or fast asleep) at the moment of entry; but he may have just enough time to reach reflexively for stowed or secreted weapon while at the same time being deprived of sufficient reaction time and/or cognitive awareness to perceive the inadvisability of doing so under the circumstances, with deadly results. Stated very simply, a startled…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Policies and Procedures

Hot Pursuit Policy

The hot pursuit policy to be used by this department will follow the definition established by the Model Policy published by the International Association of Chiefs of Police for vehicular pursuits which defines hot pursuit as: "An active attempt by an officer in an authorized emergency vehicle to apprehend fleeing suspects who are attempting to avoid apprehension through evasive tactics" (quoted in Kenney & McNamara, 1999 at p. 158). The steps to be followed pursuant to this definition and policy are as follows.

1. The use of hot pursuit in this jurisdiction will be authorized when the apprehending officer has reason to believe that the suspect(s) involved represent a danger to the public irrespective of the seriousness of the originating offense involved. This approach is congruent with the findings of a Bureau of Justice Statistics survey of large law enforcement agencies (e.g., those with more than 100…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement - Physical Security

Specifically, perimeter security requires protocols for continuous monitoring of the entire perimeter, especially in conjunction with responding to potential breaches in any given sector (McGee 2006). Grounds and perimeter security also requires scenario-based training in conjunction with non-security-related emergency procedures. Specifically, periodic emergency drills involving building tenants and personnel may present a vulnerability where grounds and perimeter security procedures are not equipped to accommodate larger than normal volumes of foot traffic, such as typically associated with fire drills.

Optimal grounds and perimeter security protocols must include procedures for accommodating the increased traffic necessitated by non-security-related emergency drills without compromising general grounds and perimeter security considerations. For the same reason, information detailing emergency drill schedules must be protected from unauthorized access or unnecessary dissemination in advance (Larson 2007).

Technological Advances:

The primary technological advances in physical facility, building, grounds, and perimeter security relate to computerization of relevant security information and its…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Traffic Homicide What

d.).

Training programs for traffic homicide investigators usually include the following areas: speed estimates from kinetic energy, skid marks, scuffmarks and airborne situations, vehicle dynamics and motion, time, distance and motion equations, conservation of momentum calculations, diagramming vehicle damage, vehicle damage analysis explaining thrust, center of mass, overlap and collapse, vehicle lamp examination, tire damage evaluation, advanced photography and video techniques and vector sum analysis (Advanced Traffic Crash Investigation, n.d.).

All of these areas are important in order for an investigator to be successful in traffic homicide investigations.

eferences

Advanced Traffic Crash Investigation. (n.d.). etrieved September 13, 2009, from Tennessee

Traffic Safety esource Service Web site:

http://www.tntrafficsafety.org/GHSO/description.asp?id=1

Byrd, Mike. (2000). Crash. etrieved September 13, 2009, from Web site: http://www.crime-scene-investigator.net/crash.html… [Read More]

Law Enforcement - Threat Assessment

For example, the motorized wheelchair elevator of the transport vehicle may take equally long in both directions but the protectee need not be on scene while the elevator platform descends. By delaying the exit of the protectee from the departure location until the transport vehicle elevator is already in the down position and prepared for immediate ascent, the protection agent can reduce the protectee's exposure my more than half in comparison to positioning the protectee outside the transport vehicle while the wheelchair lift elevator descends into the bottom position. The prospect of protecting a wheelchair- bound protectee necessarily adds at least one agent to the protective protocol because an agent (rather than a non-agent assistant or nurse) must control the wheelchair; but the rear position eliminates that agent from any traditional position as a protective shield.

Medical Considerations:

In general, protectees with delicate medical conditions who require perpetual care necessarily…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Is Not an

The officer can even help a community organize a neighborhood watch. A policeman must show that he or she is part of the community, not an adversarial pressure upon the community. The police oppose criminals and crime, not all civilians: this must be communicated clearly in the officer's demeanor and manner.

Not all of the individuals a policeman encounters are potential defendants. The officer's ability to function depends on his or her qualities of sensitivity and intelligence, rather than enforcement principles alone: a policeman must be able to mediate between two warring neighbors, give aid to a victim after a crime, and know how to preserve a crime scene so that valuable evidence can be collected. Even when dealing with a suspect, a police officer may need to use various levels of force to act in a just fashion: when apprehending a suspect who is nervous and not likely to…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Abuses in Investigations

1 Times and Trayvon

The police unit that responded to the Trayvon Martin killing did not do a thorough inspection. They did not even know that Zimmerman’s car was there until his wife attempted to move it. They did not thoroughly canvas the neighborhood and knock and doors—otherwise they would have probably learned that Trayvon was a guest there at his father’s girlfriend’s place. The unit did not even have a homicide division because there were so few murders in the region. For that reason, it may be understood that there were gaps in the procedural work: they were simply inexperienced and not staffed for such an investigation. Would the case have ended up differently had the police been more thorough in their investigation? It is difficult to say: the trial quickly became politicized, which means a lot of talking heads were less interested in facts than in race war.…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Agencies Require a College Degree

Law Enforcement gencies Require a College Degree?

There have been continuous debates over the last decade concerning the educational requirements of new recruits for law enforcement agencies. How important is formal education compared to 'street smarts' and common sense? Does a two-year or four-year college degree make a cadet a better officer on the force and in the community he serves? Does such a requirement limit or hinder the hiring of minorities who might otherwise make fine officers serving and defending their communities as well if not better than an educated officer. These are but a few of the questions and concerns communities all across the country are debating regarding the requirements for new hires among law enforcement agencies. However, many agencies have gone forward with new educational requirements that are now effective in their communities.

The federal government, citing the advantages of college education, provided funds throughout the 1970's…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement and Technology

Technological Challenges of Today

The objective of this study is to answer as to what challenges law enforcement officials have faced in the light of technological advances throughout the global environment and to discuss a minimum of three problems that such changes have created. This study will answer as to what the recommendations are for future action that could assist law enforcement officials in becoming more effective in the investigation and prevention of such challenges.

Organized Crime and Technology

The work of Bjelopera and Finklea (2012) reports that technological advances have created new challenges for law enforcement particularly in the area or organized crime. This is because "modern organized criminals often prefer cellular or networked structural models for their flexibility and avoid the hierarchies that previously governed more traditional organized crime groups." (p.1) These type of "fluid network structures" make it more difficult for law enforcement to "infiltrate, disrupt, and…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement and Leadership

Leadership

A comparison of Law Enforcement with Other Professions

Who first comes to mind when you think of a 'Leader'? Is it Alexander the Great? Napoleon? Winston Churchill? Gandhi? Leadership is an interesting phenomenon to consider, from the perspective of civilization, of nations, of political change, and of history. What makes one person a leader while another tries and fails? What is a good leader and how is that different from a 'great' leader? The definition of leadership also varies with the context and with the individual who is defining leadership. The nature of leaders has changed as civilization has evolved, and the leaders we as a society need today may be different from those of a century ago. A national leader is distinct from a local leader, a oy Scout leader, or a team leader in a sport.

Thus, definitions of leadership vary with the situation. However, they include…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Web Sites Web

7. A search function that allows the use of key words to search the foundation Web site.

8. A contact link to the foundation as well as links to other law enforcement resources.

Negative Components.

1. The search function was not available and no explanation was given nor an estimated date when it would be available.

2. Additional plug-ins were required in order to view all of the Web site's contents.

3. The site map was not prominently displayed.

Recommendations for Improvement.

1. Eliminate the need for additional plug-ins to make the Web site more accessible.

2. Indicate when the search function will be available (or better yet, fix it).

3. Place the site map prominently on the Web site's main page.

Web Site No. 2: U.S. Department of Justice's Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) at http://bjs.ojp.usdoj. gov/.

Positive Components. Established in 1979 pursuant to the Justice Systems Improvement Act…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement to Secure the

In order to fully safeguard the country's borders, it is necessary to take into account that criminals tend to develop as fast as new technology can be implemented. Hence it is important to improve methods for intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance, analysis and training, and support efforts to deter not only illegal aliens, but also the substances some of them bring into the country. On the other hand, it is also important to recognize the human element inherent in the immigration problem. Some believe they have no choice but to risk their lives in order to have any quality of life at all.

eferences

Camarota, S.A. (2004). The High Cost of Cheap Labor: Illegal Immigration and the Federal Budget. Center for Immigration Studies. etrieved from http://www.cis.org/articles/2004/fiscal.pdf

Msnbc.com. (2010). Obama orders 1,200 Guard troops to border. etrieved from http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/37340747

The White House (2010). emarks by the President on Comprehensive Immigration eform. American…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement on TV

Cops

Law Enforcement TV Shows

The mass media in the contemporary society and for the last few decades has seemed to be addicted to sensationalism. The masses appear to be particularly supportive of stories that have been exaggerated for the simple purpose of captivating viewers' attention. As a consequence, diverse media devices take advantage of the opportunity and produce a series of works specifically designed as a response to people's needs. TV police shows in particular are aimed at providing viewers with stories that are likely to impress them and in many cases certain aspects of these respective stories are fabricated.

Reality TV shows involving law enforcement officers catching criminals have become more and more common in recent years. Most of these shows display both the honorable and risky lifestyle of police officers and the ruthlessness of criminals. However, in many cases it is difficult for viewers not to feel…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Community Relies on the Information

law enforcement community relies on the information that can be obtained from reliable informants. But what problems and issues to law enforcement professionals encounter when using informants? This question and other issues regarding informants will be reviewed in this paper.

Informants and Law Enforcement

In the FBI eb site the government mentions that the courts have long recognized that the use of informants "…is lawful and often essential to the effectiveness of properly authorized law enforcement investigations" (FBI FAQ). That said, the FBI goes on to warn that using informants to help an investigation is risky, and may "…involve an element of deception" or an "intrusion into the privacy of individuals, or cooperation with persons whose reliability and motivation may be open to question" (FBI). In other words, using information provided by a person that the FBI does not have one hundred percent certainty about, carries with it potential investigative…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement and the Social Media

data collection includes survey form, structured interviews using closed ended questions, and gathering information regarding a sample size appropriate to analyze and draw conclusion on the basis of the research results. The statistical techniques are used for data analysis to analyze collected data in quantitative research methods. The qualitative data is gathered through case study method and open ended question of an unstructured interview from notable sample. The qualitative methods of research are also equally popular in understating the ignored aspects of a topic. The research question discussed below is addressed on the basis of qualitative and quantitates research methodology.

Question 1:

What is the role of social media in affecting law enforcement?

The usage of internet has increased over the past years. Internet technology has encouraged a revolutionary change. Starting form the desktop computers, laptops, handheld computers, to a variety of internet enabled cell phones has created a huge…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Levels

branches within the law enforcement field. All these branches have a range of jurisdictions but have a common purpose of enforcing laws that have been passed by legislatures and the protection of the American citizens and those who live within the American borders. There are different law enforcement agents everywhere and they are interested in what one does, the particular agents present depend on ones location and what they are doing. This paper will look at three law enforcement branches; local, state and federal law enforcement. It will look at what thee three entail and how they differ in terms of jurisdiction and authority.

At the local enforcement agencies, the commonplace and frequently experienced law enforcement agency are municipal police officers. These police officers represent villages, towns and cities. A striking difference between these local officers and those found within state and federal level is that they offer the first…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement and Theories of Crime and Criminals

Schools of Criminology

Schools of Thought

Classical School introduction: This approach to criminology holds that basically, people will do things based on whether it is helpful to them and they will look after their own self-interest first. In other words, if a person is penniless and hungry, he will steal food because it is in his own self-interest to eat and stay alive, notwithstanding his crime

Classical School summary: In the 18th century philosophers like John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau argued that existing theories of crime (God or the devil determine what humans will do) were not relevant. They put forth the alternative idea that because humans have free will, they choose which behavior they will follow. Most humans respond to pleasure and pain, and if crime brings a person pleasure, that's what he will do; but being hungry can bring pain so a person will commit a crime to…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement an Exploration

United States, the scope of responsibilities of a sheriff varies across states and counties. The sheriff is most frequently a chosen/elected county official, serving as the arm of the parish court or county. However, some cities, a good example being the Commonwealth of Virginia, have a sheriff's office with dual purpose as the arm of the city jail and court. The sheriff can also perform court duties. These may encompass such functions as managing the city or county jail, providing courtroom security as well as prisoner transportation, assisting in serving warrants including serving process. Within urban areas, the sheriff may be constrained to those duties. Numerous other sheriffs as well as their deputies may serve an area as the main police force. In addition to also having jurisdiction over the whole county even in what some may consider more urban areas (Sullivan, osen, Schulz & Haberfeld, 2005, p. 123).

In…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement and Cyberstalking

Cyberstalking

Cyber-Crime in a New Age of Law Enforcement

ith the new introduction of the online sphere, law enforcement today faces unique challenges those previous generations could never even imagined. The internet allows the ability to create an online presence that has virtually no relevance to the real world character of the user. People can now create an online presence with the ability to construct a range of pseudonymity that was never before possible (Gyorgy, 2002). Therefore the person that you think you are communicating with may be a different person altogether.

Furthermore, people can set up a range of different personalities and have multiple identities online that they can use for a range of malicious activities. For example, it is possible for an elderly man who has perverted tendencies to portray himself as a young school girl on online chat forums. In these arenas there is seldom any verification…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement and Job Analysis

Corrections/Law Enforcement H Website

When I searched for the occupation correctional officer (CO), after using the 'visit' button next to the "My Next Move" tab, a list of matching and similar occupations appeared rapidly ("I want to be a & #8230;," n.d.). At the top of the list was a link for job information about COs and jailers. Some preliminary information was presented to the right in a columnar format, which is apparently intended to give an extremely short overview of job outlook, the environmental soundness of the career, and whether training is required. When I clicked on the link for COs and jailers, I was immediately taken to a new webpage providing more detailed information about these three criteria and other job-specific information. Navigating my way through these three webpages took less than two minutes. My experience of navigating to job information about COs using the O-Net esource Center…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Priorities and Public Sector Leadership

Undocumented Immigrants in Gainesville

The city of Gainesville has a population of about 54,000 and of these, approximately 3,200 are illegal aliens. The law enforcement community in this city is charged with protecting these undocumented aliens on the one hand and enforcing illegal immigrant laws on the other. To the extent that undocumented residents are afraid that the police will enforce the latter may be the extent to which they are discouraged from seeking help from the law enforcement community when they need it, exacerbating existing crime levels. Conversely, the extent to which law enforcement authorities fail to enforce illegal immigration laws may be the extent to which they are viewed as being malfeasant in the prosecution of their official duties. To determine the optimal course of action for law enforcement authorities faced with these conflicting priorities, this paper reviews the relevant literature including a discussion of so-called "sanctuary cities"…… [Read More]

Law Enforcement Strategies in the US

Policing Alongside Native Americans

America is the most cosmopolitan country in the world with virtually every race present. It is described as the new land because of the recent influx of foreigners who traveled to the country. Their increased numbers over time have made the minorities lose their initial dominance. In this sense, it is now a tussle of the foreigners and the Natives over who controls the affairs of the country. In the modern days, the immigrants have come to take over the control of the American affairs and as such, they have managed to lead a clear path of leadership away from them natives. However, the Native Americans remain a distinguished group concerned with the political realignments happening in the country. They act as a swing vote for all the individuals who need elective posts. On matters security, it is technical conducting policing along these native zones as…… [Read More]

Benefits of GIS Applications for Law Enforcement

Law Enforcement

Benefits of GIS Applications for Law Enforcement

esources

Police methods have changed dramatically around the world in recent years due to the advent of geo-positioning and improved computer-aided mapping techniques. As has happened throughout the history of policing, law enforcement officials have always tried to use new scientific research to their benefit. Since the object is the safety and comfort of local citizens, a major aspect of the mission for police departments is to always use the most up-to-date methods for the detection and apprehension of criminals. With the advent of computer-aided geographic information systems (GIS), police now have the ability to approach crime in an entirely new way.

According to ich and Shively (2004) "geographical profiling was "born" in 1980 when a UK police investigator analyzed the locations of crime scenes of the Yorkshire ipper and computed the "center of gravity" of the crime scenes…." This beginning…… [Read More]

Innovative Methods for Obtaining Funding for a Law Enforcement Organization

Law Enforcement Funding

Police departments, along with other urgent and vital agencies like fire departments and other public safety divsions, enjoy the luxury of being among the last departments to be cut when funding is tight due to the necessity of keeping fire and crime prevention agencies in full effect. That being said, police departments can absolutely use other means other than tax dollars to fund their efforts, and often at the expense of criminals. While there can be limits, it is entirely possible and practical to fund police activities and duties without using public dollars and many are already in full effect in many departments.

One quick and easy to fund police activities is to seize assets used in the commission of felonious behavior and auction it off to the highest bidder. The proceeds can then be used to fund police activities. Examples of items that can be seized…… [Read More]

Terrorism Law Enforcement Partnerships

Law Enforcement Partnerships: Terrorism

The tragic events of 9/11, which left thousands of people dead and hundreds more seriously injured, brought to light the high degree of disorganization in the nation's counterterrorism plan, and the ill-preparedness of our security forces in responding to large-scale disasters. All the same, the attack brought a new dimension to the sphere of American policing. Federal agencies are increasingly appreciating the immense role of local police in terrorism prevention and response. Experience has shown that terrorism does not always have to be a large-scale attack as that witnessed on 9/11; sometimes what appears to be a bomb threat, a local homicide situation, or a gas explosion may actually be instigated by domestic terrorists, and as it turns out, the first responders in such low-magnitude incidents are most assuredly rescue and fire personnel and local police. Whereas the role of the former in both terrorist and…… [Read More]

Scientific Methods the Law Enforcement in the

Scientific Methods

The law enforcement in the U.S.A. today is better equipped to handle the terrorism attacks and any terrorism threats than it was before the 9/11 incidence in America. This is evident in the general ways through which the security measures are implemented in the country and the intricate manner of investigations that take place to counter terrorism.

Due to the nature of the data and information that is needed here, the scientific method employed was statistical data collection. This was due to the fact that there is need to have objective information on the facts surrounding the various arms of law enforcement. The best way to have facts behind the changes that took place after the 9/11 in terms of the quality of training and the number of law enforcement agencies, it was not feasible to conduct interviews among the Americans as they would only give a general…… [Read More]