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London
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What is London?

London functions as a subject of study across a wide range of disciplines, including literature, history, urban studies, business, and the social sciences. Its long history as a global capital makes it a productive lens for examining how cities develop culturally, politically, and economically over time. Students in world studies courses are drawn to London because it sits at the intersection of so many academic conversations — empire, modernization, social inequality, artistic production, and governance — making it possible to approach the city from almost any analytical direction.

The papers gathered here reflect that diversity. Some take a literary approach, examining how writers such as Charles Dickens, John Milton, and Andrea Levy represent London and its society in their work, while others use the city as a backdrop for historical analysis, including the impact of World War One. Additional essays focus on business figures like David Ogilvy and architects like Robert Adam, treating London as a professional and creative environment. Still others engage policy and public health questions, analyzing issues such as flood defense planning and health care, which grounds the city in contemporary civic challenges.

A strong essay on London benefits from a clearly scoped thesis that commits to one dimension of the city — literary, historical, architectural, or policy-driven — rather than attempting a broad survey. Evidence drawn from primary sources, whether a novel, a historical event, or a case study of a company or institution, carries the most analytical weight. The most common pitfall is treating London as mere setting rather than as an active force that shapes the people, texts, and systems being examined.

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Rise of Modern Japan Contrary
Contrary to public belief time does not progress linearly. Events do not occur one after the other (though it may seem that way). Therefore in order to understand a culture today, we must look at it in the context of…
Essay Doctorate
Seeing: Cultural Artifacts Contemporary Commercials Have Presented
John Berger's Ways of Seeing offers the reader a more incisive perspective on the way that interpretation, reproduction and alterations upon authenticity can impact our views on the image. Examining cultural artifacts of our time can deepen one's understanding of this dynamic. In particular commercials can show how fragmentation of the human form is a common mode of reproduction and a means for undermining the authority of the entity or object.
Essay Doctorate
Strategic Direction of Apple in the Enterprise
Apple (NASDAQ: AAPL) has emerged as one of the most profitable and prolific companies in the world, generating a market capitalization rate of $623B as of this writing in late August, 2012, delivering $148B in Revenues in their latest fiscal year and $40B in Net Income (Apple Investor Relations, 2012). One of Apple's greatest strengths is its ability to quickly translate innovative product concepts and designs into state-of-the-art products that deliver exceptional customer experiences. Apple has honed this through decades of disciplined execution and a continual focus on creating a highly synchronized supply chain, highly collaborative product design and development workflows, and the ability to take concepts to completed products in a fraction of the time of their competitors (Murray, Goode, Muro, 2010). Apple is credited with creating the smartphone market, tablet PC, cloud-based music buying and delivery service (iTunes), centralized document and image storage (iCloud) and more innovations in operating systems in the last five years than Microsoft (Apple Investor Relations, 2012). All of these accomplishments taken together have led to Apple creating a catalyst of growth in the tablet PC market, fueling a 100%+ increase in iPad sales (13% year over year) and iPhone sales that have increased 152% over the last eighteen months as well (Apple Investor Relations, 2012). Apple continues to accelerate the sales of their iPad, iPhone, iTouch devices in addition to its mainstream laptops and systems. Apple is able to accomplish these significant results by concentrating on the execution of its value chain, a decades-only concept that Dr. Michael Porter originally created to illustrate how the functional departments of a company all must be synchronized to deliver profitability (Porter, 2008). Apple's value chain is exceptionally effective in managing the coordinating of supply chain, sourcing, quality management, production, product design, marketing services, logistics and retailing operations. As long as two decades ago Apple had been concentrating on how to create this level of synchronization across their entire enterprise (Larson, 1994). As the business model of Apple has continually become more complex, the ability of the organization to stay agile and quick to respond has increasingly become more difficult. This is a common problem companies have as they grow in size and complexity of their business models. For Apple, the environmental factors in the areas of economic, social, technological and political change have challenged their ability to grow, and also forced them to create a more market-driven organizational structure, abandoning the highly successful product divisions of the 1990s and early 2000 timeframe (Apple Investor Relations, 2012). The intent of this analysis is to evaluate how Apple is managing to continually grow despite economic, social, technological and political environmental forces impacting their business. In addition, an analysis of their market environment, response to the turbulent economic environment they operate in, the nature of their product strategies, an assessment of their strategic direction and strategic options are all included in this analysis. A separate section is included for each of these areas throughout the analysis. The Porter Fives Forces Model is used for analyzing these market dynamics (Porter, 2008).
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Erikson Leading in Times of Change Erikson:
The leadership style of Carl-Henric Svanberg can be explained in terms of the context of the leadership situation. Svanberg's appointment as CEO of Erikson was an unprecedented move in the history of the company because he was the first CEO to be brought in from outside the industry. This created some discomfort to people within the organization. But most external to the company also felt optimistic about his taking control of the affairs of the company. The company itself was passing through a historic crisis in the form of declining profitability and a shrinking market. Network operators had ceased expanding their infrastructure which was a big blow to the growth Erikson had been experiencing for almost a decade.
Paper Doctorate
Sabmiller Case Study Sabmiller Breweries Company Case
The following is a case study of one of the most prominent breweries companies in Africa. The SABMiller breweries Company has grown since it begun over the years adopting different business strategies for its survival in the market. The twentieth century, SABMiller's operation faced difficulties due to the apartheid regime. Currently, SAB has developed due to careful choice of markets; they choose only potential markets in growing economies. They have also grown due to the high quality of their beer, which beats local bears.
Paper Doctorate
Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation strategies in small organizations during economic recession
In this paper we will answer some basic questions relating to the topic of Human Resources, the main issue here is the customization of rewards related to work achievements in small organizations. We will also assess the relation our main question has with previous major topic regarding the intrinsic and extrinsic shift of business needs in times of recession. Some focus will also be given on the proposed methods which can be used to give assists in the customization of rewards as well as some reflection on other related issues. Finally the paper will conclude all the necessary details.
Paper Undergraduate
Genetics Affects Child Development Genetic
Genetic research shows that genetic content of a child account for their characteristics and behavior. Biological factors are chromosomes, genes, human reproduction and cell division; which affect the building blocks of the human organism. The genetics content affects a child's growth physically. The genes sometimes have trigger impacts on the metabolic system to have proper functioning.There is an active transmission of genetic codes in living things with specifications on certain specified growth patterns.The involved inheritance patterns include dominant and recessive inheritance factors.
Research Paper Doctorate
Foreign Policy: War on Terror
President Bush has recently supported the idea that the United States is winning the global war on terror. To support this assertion, he pointed out to the fact that 9/11 was the only terrorist threat to occur on the…
Paper Doctorate
Charles in Madame Bovary Charles in Gustave
Charles in Gustave Flaubert's Madame Bovary represents a provincial archetype -- in fact, the exact sort of common countryside provincialism that his wife Emma comes to resent, find banal, and from which seek to escape.
Paper Masters
Asian Godfathers: organized crime in East Asia
In this paper, we are seeking to understand the role of Asian billionaires and the impact of the tremendous amounts of growth in the region. This is accomplished by looking at a number of factors from the book the Godfathers of Southeast Asia with an emphasis on: comparing this class with other societies around the world (i.e. the United States), the extent these individuals are using free trade to create wealth and if the ideas of Milton Freedman will be proven to be correct. This is the point that we can make inferences about how a host of factors will affect economic growth and the different societies throughout the region.