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Lyndon B. Johnson's Leadership
Imagine living during a time in which power is transforming in the government. Before Lyndon B. Johnson became President, John F. Kennedy encouraged the space program as well as many other endeavors. When Lyndon B. Johnson took over everything changed under his control, and to this day some view him as a good or bad leader. One will study why he became a leader, his leadership and his accomplishments. Lyndon B. Johnson wrote "The American Experience," which was driven by ambition and a lust for power. He was elected in 1965 and he worked night and day to achieve his goal to become President. His biggest fear was to fail and ended up haunting him for the rest of his life. Politics was his life. At that time, he was considered the best when it came to personal relationships, and decided to go to an old…
The new president then moved on to argue that the best thing to be done was that of continuing the plan instated by Kennedy, through which he planned on making the United States a better and more prosperous country. "And now the ideas and the ideals which he so nobly represented must and will be translated into effective action" (Johnson). As most political analysis would argue, the continuation of the previous plan is not only a strategy to gaining popularity, but also one which stands the most chances of retrieving successful outcomes, due to consistency and the ability to capitalize on the investments which had already been made.
Johnson continued his speech by appealing to the pride of being an American, which was raised by the reiteration of the American goals, strengths and commitments. The country would continue its efforts to make the world a better place, and would offer…
References:
Stubbs, J., LBJ Goes to War, Plattsburgh State University, http://faculty.plattsburgh.edu/john.stubbs/pw/page3.html last accessed on January 20, 2010
Lyndon B. Johnson's Let us continue Speech
Lyndon B. Johnson and Modern America: An Analysis
Fernlund starts off his biography of Johnson by defining the years 1932 to 1968 as the Age of Johnson[footnoteRef:2]—a title not commonly seen for the time period stretching from the internecine wars to the height of the Cold War. From the beginning, therefore, it becomes clear that Fernlund’s purpose in writing the book is not to rehash old material or regurgitate the same old facts about LBJ but to rather to depict the man in a new light—as larger than life, in fact—so that one cannot think of this time period without thinking about how it reflected on him and he reflected on it. This paper will discuss the aim of Fernlund, how well he executes his purpose, whether his treatment of his subject is too narrow, too broad or appropriately detailed, how well the book is organized, and the qualities of…
Bibliography
Fernlund, Kevin. Lyndon B. Johnson and Modern America. Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press: Norman, 2012. 192 pp.
President Lyndon B. Johnson Describes Great Society" Michael P. Johnson's Reading American Past (pg.
The historical epoch in which Lyndon B. Johnson conceived of and attempted to implement the Great Society represented a critical period in the history of America. Johnson began his presidency after the assassination of John F. Kennedy during the turbulent 1960's in which unresolved issues of poverty and race threatened to quite literally tear the country apart. Some of these very issues were similar ones faced by Franklin Delano Roosevelt during the beginning of his lengthy tenure as president in which he attempted to restore America from the throes of the Great Depression. Johnson's Great Society was devised to provide answers to many of these problems, and to foster a new way of thinking about both the U.S. And the responsibilities of its citizens in a way that was every bit as pragmatic as it was…
Works Cited
Ember, Steve. "American History: Lyndon Johnson and the Vietnam War." Voice of America. 2011. Web. http://learningenglish.voanews.com/content/american-history-lyndon-b-johnson-and-the-vietnam-war-133122408/116230.html
Johnson, Lyndon. "Address at the University of Michigan." 1964. Print.
Siegel, Robert. "Lyndon Johnson's War of Poverty." NPR. 2004. Web. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1589660
LBJ
Psychoanalysis can be a very useful tool for uncovering driving patterns in an individual's character. ith proper care some people are able to identify why they act the way they do, and more importantly, alter their behavior as they deem appropriate. Additionally, the temporal evolution of this science has given us the power to look into the past and judge it from an entirely new perspective. By analyzing a person's most significant influences, it is possible to draw certain conclusions as to the nature of their personality and their possible subconscious motives. Unlocking the modern arsenal of psychological models, historical figures can be looked at from a point-of-view that is not limited by the cold hard facts of their accomplishments and failures; psychology can generate insights into their unique consciousnesses.
It should be noted, however, that psychoanalysis is not a concrete science -- few aspects of it can be…
Works Cited
Axline, Virginia M. Dibs in Search of Self. New York: Ballantine Books, 1964.
Blank, Warren. The 9 Natural Laws of Leadership. New York: American Management Association, 1995.
Fujii, Lee Ann. "Finding the Middle: an Analysis of Johnson's 1965 Decision to Escalate the War in Vietnam." The International Relations Journal winter/spring 2000-2001: 62-95.
Herrmann, Ned. The Whole Brain Business Book. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1996.
Malcolm X and Lyndon B. Johnson
True and real equality of the African-American race: Opposing views from Malcolm X and Lyndon B. Johnson
In the history of the Negro's struggle to fight for his/her civil rights, two important political figures became prominent in advancing the Negro community's cause for equality and abolition of racial prejudice and discrimination: Malcolm X and former President Lyndon B. Johnson. Each political figure advocated for opposing sides of the civil rights movement, yet both had contributed to the development and promotion of giving equal opportunities for Negros, not only in socially, but also legally through the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
Indeed, the passage and implementation of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 had been the primary contention in which Malcolm X and Johnson had argued for equality between the white and black Americans in all aspects of life. In promoting their respective views of…
What Malcolm X tried to express to his audience was that the Voting Rights bill was just a ruse that the administration had created in order to alleviate protests from Negro citizens of the country. For him, the bill was just any other resolution that attempted to solve the problem of racial prejudice and discrimination in the country; unfortunately, this ruse had been uncovered early on by Malcolm X and his fellow Negros. Thus, he proposed that what Negros need was not a defective legislative system and a bill that purports to fight for equal rights in the country, but active participation in fighting the social plague that was prejudice and discrimination against Negros. Thus, from the assertion that "... The only thing that I've ever said is that in areas where the government has proven itself either unwilling or unable to defend the lives and the property of Negroes, it's time for Negroes to defend themselves ... " Malcolm X was not extending the fantasy that Negros can achieve equality; in fact, he tried to bring his audience back to reality, tried to downplay the hopes that the Voting Rights bill posed for his fellowmen. Indeed, his arguments had shown that Negros' social realities were a far cry from the peaceful and egalitarian state of society that the administration argues the 20th century to be.
This last assertion was subsisted to by Johnson, who, in his speech "We shall overcome," put up the hopes of Negros by proposing and expressing his desire for the passage of the Voting Rights bill. He put forth the 'fantasy' or ideal that, indeed, equality will be achieved and discrimination, eliminated. This fantasy was realized through the Voting Rights bill, which, he explicated as "[t]he bill that I am presenting to you will be known as a civil rights bill. But, in a larger sense, most of the program I am recommending is a civil rights program. Its object is to open the city of hope to all people of all races." This generalization was put forth despite criticisms against Malcolm X one year before the passage of the bill to become the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
While Malcolm X kept a pessimistic view of the Negros' welfare under the said legislation, Johnson relied on the bill's power and influence to unite American society, regardless of race, socio-economic status, or beliefs and values of people in life. From the analysis of Malcolm X and Johnson's speeches, it became evident that the former subsisted to a more real illustration of the Negro condition in the country, while the latter (Johnson) believed that a goal, achieved through the fantasy that American society would lead to the development of an egalitarian society, will help and provide opportunities for Negros to better their welfare in the society.
Successes and Failures of President Lyndon B. Johnson's reat Society Plan
Successes of President Johnson's reat Society Concept
President Lyndon B. Johnson's political beginnings coincided with FDR's New Deal in the 1930s, and in many respects, its principles and goals were more a part of his lifelong political agenda than they had been his predecessor's, President John F. Kennedy (oldfield, Abbot, Argersinger & Argersinger, 2005, 339). Therefore, when Johnson assumed the presidency after Kennedy's tragic assassination in Dallas, Texas in 1963, he immediately set about implementing a very aggressive domestic political agenda whose focus was to improve life for as many Americans as possible, mainly through better educational opportunities, health care availability and affordability, fairness in taxation, and improvement in urban affairs on a national level (oldfield, Abbot, Argersinger & Argersinger, 2005, 340).
One of the most essential components of Johnson's vision of a reat Society was one in which…
Goldfield, D., Abbot, C., Argersinger, J. And Argersinger, P. Twentieth-Century
America: A Social and Political History. 2005. New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice
Hall.
" The Great Society initiative included policies concerning increased education assistance, fundamental protections of civil rights and the right of all Americans to vote, urban renewal, Medicare, conservation, beautification, control and prevention of crime and delinquency, promotion of the arts, and consumer protection (President Lyndon B. Johnson's Biography 2009).
Contributions.
The contributions made by President Johnson were both numerous and significant. In this regard, Firestone and Vogt (1988) report that, "As LBJ led Congress to the completion of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, to a major tax bill, the first significant federal aid to education, and the program of medical care for the aged that had been pending since Harry Truman's day, surely confidence and optimism were not unwarranted" (1). Following his reelection to the presidency in 1964, Johnson was not content to rest on his laurels but continued his quest for improved civil rights in the country. For…
Works Cited
Abbott, Philip. 2005. "Accidental Presidents: Death, Assassination, Resignation, and Democratic
Succession." Presidential Studies Quarterly 35(4): 627-628.
Blight, James G. And Janet M. Lang. The Fog of War: Lessons from the Life of Robert S.
McNamara. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2005.
68).
Getting liberal legislation passed into law was LBJ's benchmark of effective leadership. He knew how to do it. The most successful at this of any president ever, he followed every detail of legislation and demanded that his aides not simply think they had the support of a representative in Congress but know they had it! "You've got to know you've got him, and there's only one way you know'...Johnson looked into his open hand and closed his fingers into a fist. 'And that's when you've got his pecker right here.' The president opened his desk drawer, acted as if he were dropping something, emphatically slammed the drawer shut, and smiled" (p. 88). Meanwhile, Congress complained it was "bullied, badgered, and brainwashed" (p. 91) by President Johnson's strong-arm Texan tactics.
Schulman (1995) argues that Johnson's liberalism changed national social policy "profoundly" and "permanently altered the nation's political landscape" (p. 121).…
References
Schulman, B.J. (1995). Lyndon B. Johnson and American liberalism: A brief biography with documents. Boston: Bedford Books of St. Martin's Press.
Dallek used traditional methods of research and structure making his book a true "history" from a collegiate-academic point-of-view. But this does not invalidate Caro's work. The problem, then, in looking at both of these books to be authorities is to figure out if it really matters if Caro's lack of credentials and traditional (meaning library) method of information gathering actually denote a lesser effect on the overall impact of the work. The problem, then, that Caro faces is the determination if his work actually is quote worthy of other historians quoting / referencing him.
For Dallek, his unwavering adherence to strict academic research leaves the punch out of the story of Johnson. It is one thing to have a series of supported and peer-reviewed facts lined up chapter by chapter, and it is yet another to make those facts sing in an engaging story format. Caro's book is by far…
References
Caro, Robert J. The Path to Power: The Years of Lyndon Johnson, vol 1.New York,: Vintage, 1990.
Dallek, Robert. Lone Star Rising: Lyndon Johnson and his Times, 1908-1960, vol 1. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.
I knew the Congress as well as I know Lady ird, and I knew that the day it exploded into a major debate on the war, that day would be the beginning of the end of the Great Society.'" in the end, these secrets when revealed, changed forever the way Americans viewed the Presidency, and politicians in general.
Johnson's style of compromise and bargining came to haunt him in dealing with the people and Congress over Vietnam. As Majority Leader in the Senate, he had supported President Eisenhower's foreign policy, partly to move forward his own agenda. What he never understood was that as President, he could not count on the same spirit of bi-partisanship from his Congress. In the end, his actions led to legislation that placed limits on the power of the Presidency.
American politics would never be the same after 1968. For the first time the American…
Bibliography
Caro, Robert a. The Years of Lyndon Johnson: The Path to Power. New York: Alfred a. Knoft, 1982.
Caro, Robert a. The Years of Lyndon Johnson: Means of Ascent. New York: Alfred a. Knoft, 1990.
Caro, Robert a. The Years of Lyndon Johnson: Master of the Senate. New York: Alfred a. Knoft, 2002.
Dallek, Robert. Lone Star Rising: Lyndon Johnson and His Times 1908-1961. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.
The Presidency of George alker Bush, 2001-present, has been marked primarily by his war on terrorism, however, he has proposed to make welfare more focused on the well-being of children and strengthen support of families, provide Affordable Health Care for Low-Income Families and Individuals, and has asked Congress to aid him in achieving significant immigration reform that includes matching a willing worker with a willing employer, protecting workers from abuse, and protecting the rights of legal immigrants while not unfairly rewarding those who came here unlawfully or hope to do so.
orks Cited
Dallek, Robert. 2001. Hail to the Chief: The Making and Unmaking of American
Presidents. Oxford University Press.
Dallek, Robert. 2003. John F. Kennedy's Civil Rights. Quandary. American History
Magazine. August.
Garland, Howard. 2001. Images in words: Presidential rhetoric, charisma, and greatness. Administrative Science Quarterly. September 01.
George . Bush. The hite House. http://www.whitehouse.gov/index.html. (Accessed June 17, 2005).…
Works Cited
Dallek, Robert. 2001. Hail to the Chief: The Making and Unmaking of American
Presidents. Oxford University Press.
Dallek, Robert. 2003. John F. Kennedy's Civil Rights. Quandary. American History
Magazine. August.
Tonkin Gulf Crisis
The Debate over the Tonkin Gulf Crisis
The Tonkin Gulf Crisis 1964 ranks with the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the assassination of President John F. Kennedy as events that David Kaiser of the U.S. Naval War College refers to as "controversies in American political history that dwarf all others (Ford, 1997)."
There is evidence that President Lyndon Johnson deliberately lied about the incidents leading to the Vietnam War to ensure that plans for war were supported. However, many opponents of this claim say that this is not so. According to Sedgwick Tourison in the book Secret Army, Secret War and Dr. Edwin Moise's Tonkin Gulf and the Escalation of the Vietnam War, evidence that Johnson's administration was deceitful is becoming clearer than it was (Ford, 1997).
Today, Tonkin Gulf researchers are still examining the evidence to determine whether or not Johnson's administration intentionally instigated the…
Bibliography
Austin, Anthony. (1971). The President's War. Lippincott.
Cohen, Jeff. Solomon, Norman. (July 27, 1994). 30-Year Anniversary: Tonkin Gulf Lie Launched Vietnam War. Media Beat. Retrieved from the Internet at http://www.fair.org/media-beat/940727.html .
Department of State Bulletin. (August 24, 1964) The Tonkin Gulf Incident: President Johnson's Message to Congress. Retrieved from the Internet at http://pages.xtn.net/~wingman/docs/tonkin.htm.
Ford, Ronnie. (August, 1997). New Light On Gulf Of Tonkin. Vietnam Magazine, pp. 165-172.
Kennedy recognizes the need to establish a bond with all the South American leaders, thereby isolating Chavez-Chavez politically as ineffective leader in South America. Kennedy perceived the Third orld in terms of the "national military establishment," and vulnerable to the manipulations of the Soviet Union (Schwab, Orrin, 1998, 1). Kennedy had already gone around with Cuba, and did not wish to repeat his mistakes in Venezuela, but he also had no intention of surrendering Venezuela to the Soviet Union in the way in which Cuba had been surrendered before him.
President Kennedy saw South American diplomacy as the route to turning Venezuela away from bonding with the Soviet Union. He recognized that he could not alienate the rest of South America from the United States, or that would drive them into the sphere of Venezuela's influence over them towards the Soviet Union.
Kennedy calls a meeting with Chavez-Chavez, in private,…
Works Cited
Brown, Seyom. Faces of Power. New York: Columbia University Press, 1994. http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=100986354
Clark, General Wesley K. Waging Modern War: Bosnia, Kosovo, and the Future of Combat. New York: Public Affairs, 2001. Questia. 15 Nov. 2008 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=100986356 .
A www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=65362550
DeConde, Alexander. A History of American Foreign Policy. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1963. Questia. 15 Nov. 2008 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=65362550 .
would help alter the social and political landscape of the nation. However, Kennedy also engaged in controversial and potential volatile encounters such as the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba and the Vietnam War. The Vietnam War would prove to be one of the most tumultuous periods in modern American history and when Kennedy was assassinated in 1963 his vice president and successor Lyndon Baines Johnson continued the bloody and extended process of engaging and then withdrawing from Southeast Asia. Lyndon Johnson's problems in Vietnam were partially offset by the great strides his administration made in securing Civil ights laws. Moreover, Johnson would initiate other social service programs such as Medicare. Johnson's legacy would nevertheless be perpetually obscured by his more dynamic predecessor and successor: Kennedy and Nixon, respectively.
Johnson's successor, epublican ichard M. Nixon will probably be remembered most for his participation in the Watergate Scandal and his resignation…
References
Dwight D. Eisenhower." Wikipedia. Retrieved Aug 4, 2006 at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower
Harry S. Truman." Wikipedia. Retrieved Aug 4, 2006 at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_S._Truman
John F. Kennedy." Wikipedia. Retrieved Aug 4, 2006 at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F._Kennedy
Lyndon B. Johnson." Wikipedia. Retrieved Aug 4, 2006 at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson
If the satellite had successfully entered orbit, this would have put the United States more than a year ahead of the Soviets in the endeavor, which added
In fact, this was not the only rocket and satellite project that many United States scientists and government officials felt had been failures, or at least under-utilized successes. The Soviets increased the pressure on the American rocket program with their launch of Sputnik II on November 3, less than a month after the launch of their first satellite, and political urging from Eisenhower and others forced the early launch of an American Vanguard satellite.
The Vanguard project had actually anticipated a launch date ahead of the Soviets, which may in part have spurred on the Soviet team and helped them to set their deadline, but a series of setbacks delayed the various test launches of the vehicles meant to deliver the Vanguard into…
References
Borz, Fred. "Review of Sputnik: The Shock of the Century, http://www.fredbortz.com/review/Sputnik.htm
Caviness, Rochelle. "Review: Sputnik: The Shock of the Century, Large Print Reviews, http://www.largeprintreviews.com/sputnik.html
Curtis, Nancy R. "Review: Sputnik: The Shock of the Century," Library Journal, http://wbrl-lssvr.dnsalias.org:8000/decatur/kcContent?isbn=9780802713650&type=review&controlnumber=dec00086898&referedby=titlelist
Dickinson, Paul. Sputnik: The Shock of the Century (New York: Walker & Co, 2001)
Vietnamese History In the 20th Century
There has been much controversy regarding the Vietnam ar, considering that the general public has gradually come to acknowledge that it was unproductive for the American military as a result of a series of factors that prevented both leaders and soldiers from acting effectively. Taking this into account, one can observe how the Vietnam ar came to be one of the most debated conflicts in history because of the rules of engagement (ROE) employed in it. The ROE in the Vietnam ar were initially meant to ensure that the conduct of war took place in safe conditions and slowly but surely evolved into being a tool in the hands of politicians. Individuals such as George Donelson Moss got actively engaged in discussing regarding the topic, given that one of his books, "Vietnam: An American Ordeal, 6th Edition" goes at highlighting errors in management during…
Works cited:
Gross, Chuck, Rattler One-Seven: A Vietnam Helicopter Pilot's War Story (Denton, TX: University of North Texas Press, 2004)
Moss Donelson, George. Vietnam: An American Ordeal, 6th Edition, (Pearson, 2010)
"Free-Fire Zone," Retrieved May 30, 2011, from the Global Security Website: http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/vietnam2-free-fire-zone.htm
Freire's discussion of the oppressive activities that discriminate students is similar to the racial discrimination experienced by the black Americans. Thus, even though Freire, Malcolm X, and King talked about various strategies, they ultimately aim to deter the effects and eliminate completely the occurrence of oppression in the society.
Reflecting on the significant contributions of each individual to the progress of the civil rights movement and educational reform in the history of American society, it is evident that there cannot be one superior or best strategy that must be adopted to eliminate or deter oppression. What these readings and analyses of the works of Malcolm X, King, and Freire say about social change is that history provides us with various ways or perspectives to find a solution to a problem; each insight is helpful to the improvement of social changes in society. Freire's critical analysis of the educational system is…
Bibliography
Freire, P. (1990). "The Banking Concept of Education." In Ways of Reading. Boston: St. Martin's Press, Inc.
King, M.L. (1964). "Martin Luther King -- Acceptance Speech." Available at http://nobelprize.org/peace/laureates/1964/king-acceptance.html .
Malcolm X (1964). "The Ballot or the Bullet." Available at http://www.indiana.edu/~rterrill/Text-BorB.html .
We don't look at their psychological well-being. it's almost as though, psychologically, they're a blank. And we know very little about the differences among black women. Some cope better than others. We don't know who they are, why they cope better, what resources they have access to. If we can understand that, then we can understand the needs of those who cope less well. What I am finding so far is that almost all the mothers in my study, when asked whether they would prefer employment to public assistance, say they would rather have a job. However, having a job is very difficult for this group of mothers because it is difficult for them to find and keep jobs that support them and provide adequate benefits. And there's another consideration: When we say we're going to put these women to work, what is it going to mean in terms of…
Bibliography
The Impact of the Welfare State on the American Economy (1995) Joint Economic Committee Study. December 1994. Executive Summary. Online available at http://www.house.gov/jec/welstate/vg-1/vg-1.htm
Paternal State, the Liberal State, and the Welfare State (nd) Online available at http://www.friesian.com/freestat.htm
Overview of the Nixon-Ford Administration at the Department of Labor 1969-1977 (1977) U.S. Department of Labor, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Administration and Managementy. 20 Oct 2007. Online available at http://www.dol.gov/oasam/programs/history/webid-nixonford.htm
Social Work Experts Predict: Disaster With a Ray of Hope (1996) Columbia University Record -- September 20, 1996 -- Vol. 22, No. 3. Online available at http://www.columbia.edu/cu/record/archives/vol22/vol22_iss4/Welfare_Reform.html
Downside of Affirmative Action
Affirmative action has increasingly become a popular subject of debate. Not only does the phrase "affirmative action" mean different things to different people, but also there are different arguments for and against it. While many people tout the benefits of affirmative action programs, they have acted as a stumbling block for minorities and have essentially created a starker disparity in the struggle for equal opportunity between white people and other minority groups.
enefits of Affirmative Action
Affirmative action (AA) refers to the social practice in which members of historically disadvantaged groups are given preferential treatment in an attempt by the United States to compensate for any harm that was caused to their ancestors in the past (Crock, 1995). For example, African-Americans receive special benefits because of the U.S. history of slavery.
President Lyndon . Johnson originally created affirmative action programs in 1965 to correct discrimination that…
Bibliography
CNN. (January 16, 2003). Bush criticizes university 'quota system'. CNN.com. Retrieved on the Internet at http://www.cnn.com/2003/ALLPOLITICS/01/15/bush.affirmativeaction/ .
Crock, Stan. A Thunderous Impact on Equal Opportunity. Business Week, June 26, 1995: p. 37.
Giraldo, Zaida I. What Everyone Should Know About Affirmative Action. Peaceful Action, May 1995: pp. 44-46.
Wilson, R. Affirmative Action: Yesterday, Today, and Beyond. American Council on Education, 1995.
It did not help matters that Johnson was photographed being sworn into office aboard the plane bringing the body of Kennedy back to ashington, D.C., with Kennedy's widow, and First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy, who was still wearing the suit stained with her husband's blood. Many people, right or wrong, took the photo as a statement by Mrs. Kennedy; even though she remained a close friend of Johnson's wife, Lady Bird, all of the years of their lives.
For his part, President Johnson placed the work of the investigation of the Kennedy assassination into the hands of the arren Commission, and then he went about the work of creating his Great Society (Eavns and Novak, 2). If the assassination of Kennedy weighed on the minds of the people, it was no less troubling for the man from Texas who followed Kennedy. Johnson commented: "They say Jack Kennedy had style, but I'm…
Works Cited
http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5027073635
Conkin, Paul. 2008. The JFK Assassination Debates: Lone Gunman vs. Conspiracy. Journal of Southern History 74, no. 2: 515+.
Segregation, denial of voting rights, and systemic terrorization were part of the everyday life of many African-Americans. Following the Civil Rights Movement, African-Americans had the same legal rights as other Americans. The years following the Civil Rights Movement have seen those legal rights bloom into actual rights. In approximately 50 years, the United States has gone from a country that was sharply divided along racial lines, to a country where the most influential members of the President's cabinet are African-Americans. Furthermore, the wealthiest, and perhaps most influential, entertainer, Oprah infrey, is an African-American.
Conclusion
hile there is some surface validity to the idea that American policy is dominated by a power elite, there is too much evidence that contradicts the idea of a true power elite. First, there has been a major revolution in American society in the last 50 years. The country has gone from an almost apartheid-like system…
Works Cited
Abraham Lincoln." WhiteHouse.gov. 2005. The White House. 9 Mar. 2005 http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/al16.html .
Andrew Jackson." WhiteHouse.gov. 2005. The White House. 9 Mar. 2005 http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/aj7.html .
Gates, Bill and Melinda French Gates. "Letter from Bill and Melinda French Gates." Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. 2005. Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. 9 Mar. 2005. http://www.gatesfoundation.org/AboutUs/LetterfromBillMelindaFrenchGates/default.htm .
Lyndon Johnson." WhiteHouse.gov. 2005. The White House. 9 Mar. 2005 http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/lj36.html .
As the opening scene of "The Flea Circus" suggests, Texas's culture mirrors its landscape: a series of languishing monotony punctuated by the occasional prickle. Austin might have changed a lot since Brammer wrote the Gay Place, and in fact is one of the only places in Texas that can easily fit the title. However, Texas has changed relatively little since the 1960s. Especially in light of the ways oil and politics are in bed together, Texan politics has changed hardly at all.
If the Gay Place is treated as a biography of Lyndon B. Johnson, then the author treads into fairly treacherous waters. Governor Arthur "Goddamn" Fenstemaker is a complex character and a quintessential politician. He is at once an everyman's guy with his incessant cursing. And yet he is an arrogant politician too. With his intense hubris, Fenstemaker manipulates everyone around him, which is why the author presents the…
References
Brammer, B.L. (1995). The Gay Place.
Olsson, K. (n.d.). How Karen Olsson discovered the Gay Place. Retrieved online: http://beatrice.com/wordpress/2005/11/28/karen-olsson-guest-author/
IR Theory
In international relations theory, realists generally follow the rational choice or national actor with the assumption that states and their leaders make policy on the basis of calculated self-interest. They follow a utilitarian and pragmatic philosophy in which "decision makers set goals, evaluate their relative importance, calculate the costs and benefits of each possible course of action, then choose the one with the highest benefits and lowest costs" (Goldstein and Pevehouse 127). Individual leaders will have their unique personalities, experiences and psychological makeups, and some will be more averse to risk than others, but essentially they all follow a rational model of policymaking. American presidents are generally skilled politicians as well or they would never have achieved such high office in this first place, and this means that their rational calculations will always include public opinion, the needs of their electoral coalitions and the wishes of various interest…
WORKS CITED
Goldstein, Joshua and Jon C. Pevehouse. International Relations, 10th Editon. Longman, 2002.
Heinrichs, Waldo, "Lyndon B. Johnson: Change and Continuity" in Warren I Cohen and Nancy Bernkopf Tucker (eds). Lyndon Johnson Confronts the World: American Foreign Policy, 1963-68. Cambridge, 1994: 9- 31.
McDermott, Rose. Presidential Leadership, Illness, and Decision Making. Cambridge, 2008.
Waite, Robert G.L. The Psychopathic God: Adolf Hitler. De Capo Press, 1993.
Nixon's election indicated a shift to the right in American politics that would remain in place for most of the next twenty-five years. The success of the third-party candidacy of George allace also indicated that there was lingering racism in America. The long-term effects of the election for the Democrats was their being out of the hite House for twenty of the next twenty-four years during which time the Party underwent a major transformation. For Nixon, personally, the election actually signaled the beginning of the end of his political career. ithin months of the inauguration, the Nixon administration was plagued with controversy which ultimately led to Nixon's resigning in disgrace shortly into his second term of office.
orks Cited
Bundy, illiam P. Tangled eb: The Making of Foreign Policy in the Nixon Presidency. New York: Hill & ang Publishers, 1998.
Burner, David. Making Peace with the 60s. Princeton, NJ: Princeton…
Works Cited
Bundy, William P. Tangled Web: The Making of Foreign Policy in the Nixon Presidency. New York: Hill & Wang Publishers, 1998.
Burner, David. Making Peace with the 60s. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996.
Converse, Philip E. "Continuity and Change in American Politics: Parties and Issues in the 1968 Election." The American Political Science Review (1969): 1083-1105.
Kiewiet, D. Roderick. "Approval Voting: The Case of the 1968 Election." Polity (1979): 170-181.
Presidential Elections
Because of the extreme conditions of the 1930s depression, the New Deal under Franklin Roosevelt went further in expanding the powers of the federal government than any previous administration in history, certainly far beyond the very limited role permitted to it by the conservative administrations of arren G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge and Herbert Hoover in 1921-33. It was the worst depression in U.S. history, and led not only to the complete collapse of all Street and the financial system, but of industrial production as well, which fell 85% in 1929-33, while the Gross National Project fell by half and in some cities like Chicago the unemployment rate rose as high as 50-60%. At the same time, the entire banking system collapsed by 1933, as did agricultural prices, and money stopped circulating. John Maynard Keynes and other economists blamed this severe contraction on low incomes, unequal distribution of wealth,…
WORKS CITED
Clarke, P. Keynes: The Rise, Fall and Return of the 20th Century's Most Influential Economist. Bloomsbury Press, 2009.
Fine, S. Sit-down: The General Motors Strike of 1936-37. University of Michigan Press, 1960.
Heinrichs, W. "Lyndon B. Johnson: Change and Continuity" in Warren I Cohen and Nancy Bernkopf Tucker (eds). Lyndon Johnson Confronts the World: American Foreign Policy, 1963-68. Cambridge, 1994: 9- 31.
Skidelsky, R. Keynes: The Return of the Master. Perseus Books Group, 2010.
Ngo Dinh Diem
orn in the year 1901 to an aristocratic family, Ngo Dinh Diem rose to become the Prime Minister of South Vietnam in the year 1954. This paper looks in detail at the events during the life of Ngo Dinh Diem, his era of governance and the events that took place in the aftermath of his assassination. Catholic missionaries converted his predecessors into Christianity several years back in the 17th century. Much like his pervious family generations, he too was educated in French Catholic schools. Following his successful graduation he was trained as an administrator who worked in conjunction with the French authorities based in Vietnam. At a very young age of twenty-five, he became a provincial governor. This was his foray into a long political career, which marked dramatic incidents both in his personal life and the history of Vietnam.
At a time when communism was rising…
Bibliography
Diem, Ngo Diem' Retrieved at http://us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/bios/29.html Accessed on April 5, 2004
Ngo Dinh Diem - Encarta: An Encyclopedia Article' Retrieved at http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761576219/Ngo_Dinh_Diem.html Accessed on April 5, 2004
Colby's Vietnam: History Misrepresented' Retrieved at http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/54/099.html Accessed on April 5, 2004
Letter to John F. Kennedy' Retrieved at http://pages.xtn.net/~wingman/docs/lettdiem.htm Accessed on April 5, 2004
Affirmative action policies grew out of a need to address the historic discrimination against minorities and women. Since its inception, affirmative action has helped open the door for many minorities seeking gainful employment and higher education. However, the same policies have also spawned charges of reverse discrimination against others and, paradoxically, of harming the very people they were intended to help.
This paper looks at whether affirmative action policies remain relevant today, with a particular focus on racial minorities such as African-Americans and Latinos. In the first part, the paper defines affirmative action, traces the policies' history and examines their goals. The second part is a critical examination of the arguments of affirmative action supporters. The third part studies the arguments against affirmative action by evaluating both the policies' effectiveness and their deleterious consequences for African-Americans and other racial minorities.
In the conclusion, this paper maintains that though they were…
Works Cited
Bowen, William G. And Derek Bok (1998). "The Shape of the River: Long-term consequences of considering race in college and university application." Excerpted in Race Relations. Mary E. Williams (ed). San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 124-130.
Brookings Review (1998). "Affirmative Action: What Everyone Hates in Theory but Likes in Practice." Excerpted in Interracial America. Mary E. Williams (ed). San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 153-156.
Chavez, Linda (1996). "Promoting Racial Harmony." Excerpted in The Affirmative Action Debate. George E. Curry (ed). Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley Publishing, 314-325.
Cohen, Carl (1998). "Race Preference in College Admission." Excerpted in Interracial America. Mary E. Williams (ed). San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 144-152.
motivated audience has positive attitudes about the speaker and/or the topic. Motivated audience supports the speaker. They too can be moved inspired, stimulated and enthused through the persuasive efforts of the speakers: with a motivated audience a speaker directs and maintains their support.
It takes a skill to have this motivated audience. It seems to time that there must be two major determinants present: firstly, that the audience has need, o has some sort of contingency that it wishes the speaker to address. Secondly, that the speaker is skilled enough to arouse this needed. The first need not be present, but the second needs to be present for the speaker to bring it out and reinforce it. A boring or tedious speaker may simply squash any possible present motivation.
Speaking, it seems to me, has much in common with salesmanship. A marketing professional too endeavors to sell something. The way…
Reference
Lyndon B. Johnson (1965) - We Shall Overcome - Speech Text
http://uspolitics.about.com/od/speeches/a/lbj_1965_15_mar.htm
Royal, B (2000) The little red writing book Writer's digest books, Oh. USA
The orks Progress Administration (PA) created jobs for laborers who were unemployed, but it wasn't just "make work" labor, it actually helped the nation build roads and bridges along with needed public buildings. The Public orks Administration (PA) helped build dams and other reclamation projects; this served to create jobs and at the same time provide "less expensive electricity, flood control, and irrigation water for farmers" (Etulain 324). The Hoover Dam on the Colorado River and Grand Coulee and Bonneville Dams on the Columbia River, were extraordinarily helpful in many practical ways in the western U.S.
hereas Hoover was unable to see the need to put the federal government's full power of assets to work for the citizens - his conservative background kept him from doing what needed to be done in an urgent way - FDR did see the need; and by using his office as a bully pulpit,…
Works Cited
Etulain, Richard W. (2006). Beyond the Missouri: The Story of the American West.
Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
Johnson, Lyndon Baines. (2007). King Encyclopedia. Retrieved September 12, 2007, at http://www.stanford.edu/group/king/about_king/encyclopedia/johnson_lyndon.htm .
Planned Parenthood
The history of Planned Parenthood is voluminous and extensive. It has been filled with controversy, legal spats and struggles for acceptance and funding from the United States government. Even nowadays, the organization is threatened with budget changes or cuts from the federal government and many people have turned to violence against Planned Parenthood and similar groups over the years due to opposition to abortion or other birth control options that Planned Parenthood is known for providing or at least advocating for. What follows in this report is a history of Planned Parenthood as well as some of the pivotal events and outcomes that have occurred over the years. While Planned Parenthood is an organization with a lot of detractors, they also have a huge amount of support from some very loyal and entrenched groups around the country.
History
While the major decision that exists regarding abortion occurred with…
Red Herring Argument / Petition Principi:
Heard from friend who is supporter of the ancient astronaut theory. She seemed to believe it telling me that that intelligent extraterrestrial beings had almost certainly visited Earth in antiquity and made contact with humans in certain points of our history. his she argued was indicated from certain ancient texts such as the Ramayana that, for instance, has gods and avatars who travel from place to place in flying vehicles, whilst the Book of Genesis, (chapter 6 verses 1 -- 4) mentions "sons of God [who] went to the daughters of humans and had children by them" -- which she, along with others, maintains refers to extra-terrestrials. he Book of Ezekiel too has a description of winged creatures flying in the Chariot of God who looked like humans which indicates that that Ezekiel had seen spaceships.
hese arguments -- all spurious -- not resting…
This perpetrates a number of fallacies since: (a) has nothing to do with the argument (b) is abusing the other (c) is confusing one with many (Islam is composed of many sects aside of which many Muslims have different ways of practicing their faith.
(Source: Associated Press -- Wed, Dec 5, 2012
Palestinians to UN: Stop 2 big Israeli settlements)
War has undoubtedly shaped the course of human history. Conflicts, through sheer human nature often arise through disagreement. Occasionally these conflicts end with war as opposing sides believe so vehemently in their respective reasonings and doctrinal views. Oftentimes, these war's end with one "victor" and on defeated party, however, in war everyone losses.
The Vietnam War in particular is an example of how war is a zero sum game that only results in losses for all those involved. This paper examines how the conflict started, taking particular care to express both points-of-view regarding core issues followed by a discussion concerning Special Forces operations and their overall impact on the outcome of the war. Finally, a summary of the research and important findings about Special Forces in Vietnam in the conclusion.
Review and Analysis
Origins of the Vietnam War
The Vietnam War was a long, costly armed conflict that pitted the…
Dyhouse, Tim. (2002, March). Delta Force: Secret Wielders of Death. VFW Magazine 89(7), p. 16.
Beckwith, Charles (with Donald Knox) (1983). Delta Force. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. ISBN 9780151246571.
Kelly, Francis J. Green Berets of Vietnam - The U.S. Army Special Forces 61-71 - the. S.l: Archive Media Publishing, 2013.
Battle Analysis of the Vietnam ar: The Tet Offensive
The Tet Offensive
The Vietnam ar was one of the most costly conflicts in the history of the United States, with Americans fighting and investing resources in the region for almost two decades. Many consider this conflict to have been one of the best examples of proxy-wars fought as a consequence of the Cold ar. ith Russia and the U.S. being hesitant about challenging each-other directly, proxy wars were one of the most effective tools for each country to display its armament and determination. The Tet Offensive was among the most violent battles in the war, with an allied group of Viet Cong guerrilla fighters and People's Army of Vietnam soldiers organizing a large-scale offensive against South Vietnamese military, U.S. soldiers, and a series of other communities allied with South Vietnam.
Background
U.S. involvement in Vietnam has drawn a significant amount…
Works cited:
"WALTER CRONKITE'S "WE ARE MIRED IN STALEMATE" BROADCAST, FEBRUARY 27, 1968," retrieved March 1, 2015, from https://facultystaff.richmond.edu/~ebolt/history398/Cronkite_1968.html
"Vietnam Veterans Against the War Statement," Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/vietnam/psources/ps_against.html
"American Policy in Vietnam," Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/vietnam/psources/ps_policy.html
"Eisenhower to Ngo Dinh Diem," Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/vietnam/psources/index.html
Affimative Action: Why We Need to Refom It
It is widely believed that the Ameican society is a "melting pot" whee membes of acial, ethnic, eligious, and sexual minoities eventually mold into the mainsteam, becoming full-fledged citizens of the county. The eality, howeve, is much moe complicated. While it is tue that Ameica offes many oppotunities to all its citizens, thee is a histoy of discimination against minoity goups that affects the Ameican society even today. Afican-Ameicans wee confined to the shackles of slavey fo thee hunded yeas and fo anothe hunded yeas of institutionalized discimination, while othe minoity goups and women had to stuggle had to win civil ights and make the Ameican society moe egalitaian. The Ameican society has pogessed to the point whee most citizens believe that eveyone should be entitled to equal ights egadless of one's ace, colo, gende, ethnicity, o eligion. And it is because…
references in Black and White. New York: Routledge.
Perhaps some of the drama that will play itself out inside of the convention hall, will be spotted by the watchful eye of the media transmitting the party's doings into American living rooms -- and raise ratings as a result.
orks Cited
Crawford, Darlisa. "Memorable Moments in Political Convention History: The Evolution of National Party Conventions." Election Focus 2004. U.S. Department of State. Jul 14, 2008. 1.14. http://usinfo.state.gov/dhr/img/assets/5796/elections07_15_04.pdf
Cresswell, Stephen." The Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party." Buttons and Ballots. Issue 26. 2001. May 12, 2008. http://www.cresswellslist.com/ballots2/mfdp.htm
Johnson, Donald B. "Dixiecrats." The American Presidency. May 12, 2008. http://ap.grolier.com/article?assetid=0129280-00&templatename=/article/article.html
Rowen, Beth. "History of Party Conventions." InfoPlease. May 12, 2008. http://www.infoplease.com/spot/conventions1.html
ald, Jonathan. "264 arrested in NYC bicycle protest." CNN.com. Aug 28, 2004. May 12, 2008. http://www.cnn.com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/08/28/rnc.bike.protest/
Darlisa, Crawford, "Memorable Moments in Political Convention History: The Evolution of National Party Conventions," Election Focus 2004, U.S. Department of State, Jul 14, 2008, 1.14, p.1. >…
Works Cited
Crawford, Darlisa. "Memorable Moments in Political Convention History: The Evolution of National Party Conventions." Election Focus 2004. U.S. Department of State. Jul 14, 2008. 1.14. http://usinfo.state.gov/dhr/img/assets/5796/elections07_15_04.pdf
Cresswell, Stephen." The Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party." Buttons and Ballots. Issue 26. 2001. May 12, 2008. http://www.cresswellslist.com/ballots2/mfdp.htm
Johnson, Donald B. "Dixiecrats." The American Presidency. May 12, 2008. http://ap.grolier.com/article?assetid=0129280-00&templatename=/article/article.html
Rowen, Beth. "History of Party Conventions." InfoPlease. May 12, 2008. http://www.infoplease.com/spot/conventions1.html
Johnson also used deceptive public relations tactics in publicizing a supposed attack on the U.S. naval fleet in the Gulf of Tonkin off the Vietnamese coast. Eventually, it would be acknowledged by former members of the Johnson administration that the incident was essentially fabricated as a means to justify the entrance of the U.S. military into the Vietnamese conflict in an operational (i.e. war-fighting) capacity instead of the advisory capacity in which U.S. forces had been involved to that point (McNamara, 1995; oberts, 2000; Vance, 1983).
The public relations industry and mechanisms have also been used effectively by foreign governments in a manner designed to instigate public opposition to the policies of the American administration. One of the best examples is the "No Nukes" political movement during the 1980s in opposition to President onald eagan's increased funding of U.S. defense capabilities against the threat believed to have been represented by…
References
Craig, R.T. (2007). "Pragmatism in the Field of Communication Theory" Communication
Theory, Vol. 17, No. 2: 125-145.
Commager, H.S. (1999). The American Mind: An Interpretation of American Thought
and Character Since the 1880s. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Hector Perez Garcia has been described as "a man who in the space of one week delivers 20 babies, 20 speeches, and 20 thousand votes. He understands delivery systems in this country," ("Justice for My People: The Dr. Hector P. Garcia Story"). Trained as a physician, Hector P. Garcia became the "medical doctor to the barrios," ("Justice for My People: The Dr. Hector P. Garcia Story"). He also served in the United States Army, stationed in North Africa and Italy during the Second World War. For his service as infantry officer, combat engineer officer, Medical Corps officer, and Medical Corps surgeon, Garcia received six battle stars and a Bronze Star. As a highly decorated veteran of a war that should have united the country against its common enemies, Garcia might have expected that Hispanic-Americans like him would enjoy equal rights and social justice. He was wrong. Fed up with discrimination…
References
Del Valle, Aracelis. "Garcia, Dr. Hector Perez." Learning to Give. Retrieved online: http://learningtogive.org/papers/paper99.html
Holley, Joe. "Hector Perez Garcia, 82, Dies; Led Hispanic Rights Group." The New York Times. 29 July 1996. Retrieved online: http://www.nytimes.com /1996/07/29/us/hector-perez-garcia-82-dies-led-hispanic-rights-group.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm
"Justice for My People: The Dr. Hector P. Garcia Story." PBS. Retrieved online: http://www.pbs.org/justiceformypeople/
Kells, Michelle Hall. Hector P. Garcia: Everyday Rhetoric and Mexican-American Civil Rights. SIU Press, 2006.
He seems to draw easy causal connections between policy and personality that deny the exterior circumstances of history. For example, he suggests that Hoover's rigid personality made him unable to accept changes in classical economic theory during the beginning of the Great Depression, and to adopt a more Keynesian approach. Barber asserts that it was not the conventional wisdom of the time that hampered Hoover as much as his own character, despite the fact that few people really could assuredly state they had the 'answer' to the financial crisis at that time. The adaptive-negative aspects of Johnson's personality made that president similarly resistant to the idea of pulling out of Vietnam, and his egoism made him unwilling to be seen as 'losing' the war -- but what about the pressures of the Cold War during that era? Historians also might find some objection to Barber's psychoanalyzing so many major presidential…
Human esource Management Issues -- Affirmative Action
The long history of the United States includes a shameful three-century-long period during which African people were rounded up in their native lands, bound by shackles, forced into the putrid, rat-infested holds of ships, and transported to North America where they were worked, often to death, as slaves, especially in the southern states. Despite the fact that the institution of slavery officially ended by the 1865 enactment of the Thirteenth Constitutional Amendment, known as the Emancipation Proclamation, it would be an entire century before black Americans received the full rights of citizenship and the same protections of law to which they had officially been entitled since the era immediately following end of the American Civil War.
During that time, they endured systemic discrimination, frequently with the outright support or tacit approval of local, state, and federal authorities, including law enforcement (Edwards, Wattenberg, &…
References
Edwards, G., Wattenberg, M., and Lineberry, R. (2009). Government in America: People,
Politics, and Policy. New York, NY: Longman.
George, J.M. And Jones, G.R. (2008). Understanding and Managing Organizational
Behavior. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
biggest decisions a professional educator decide area education concentrate order a successful career. This ewarding Work
Special education is one of the most challenging aspects of pedagogy for an instructor to pursue. Those who do so have the same task as that of instructors involved in more conventional aspects of education -- to stimulate and foster a lifelong appreciation of learning that yields tangible results in the immediate and distant future. However, as daunting prospect as this task may be for individuals who choose to work in traditional aspects of primary, secondary or even early learning, the difficulty of this objective becomes magnified when a teacher chooses to apply him or herself to the field of special education, for the simple fact that the cognitive processes of these students is at variance with that of most. Furthermore, students in special education may also have more issues involved with self-esteem and…
References
Gerry, M. (2003). "Teacher Aides -- An Integral Part of Special Education." Best Practices in Special Education. Retrieved from http://www.matrixparents.org/region6/SPANTeacherAides.pdf
Pardini, P. (2012). "The History of Special Education." Rethinking Schools. Retrieved from http://www.rethinkingschools.org/restrict.asp?path=archive/16_03/Hist163.shtml
Saving Affirmative Action Laws
Affirmative action laws apply to many sections of societal interactions be it school admissions, business, or employee hiring, they attempt to balance the history of racial discrimination that marked the period before the laws came into being. Affirmative action requires that persons making decisions relating to employment, business and education take into account factors such as religion, sex, color, race and national origin. The major advantage of the laws is that they promote the opportunities available for minority groups in the society. The major proponent of the laws is that they compensate for persecution, discrimination and exploitation that was present in the past. Over the last few years, there has been debate on the benefits and harms brought about by affirmative action with several arguing that though it has met its intended benefits, the law also disadvantages minority groups since they may end up in institutions…
References
1986. Wygant v. Jackson Board of Education.
1987. United States v. Paradise.
2003a. Gratz v. Bollinger.
2003b. Grutter v. Bollinger.
Graduate and the New Left
In the United States in the 1960s, the nation was going through a change both in the psychological and sociological makeup of the population. Everything about the country was changing quickly, right down to the very moral code which makes up the identity of a culture. The American Dream and the belief that everyone could become successful if they were willing to work hard and if they lived in America was proving to be a fallacy in the wake of oppression, disenfranchisement, and racially-biased or gender-based prejudices. A group emerged who not only wished to be entirely different from their parents, but they also desired to completely upset if not outright eradicate the status quo and change what it meant to be an American citizen with an American identity. One of the components of this movement was a decidedly liberal perspective and agenda. This group…
Works Cited:
Bapis, Elaine M. Camera and Action: American Film as Agent of Social Change, 1965-1975.
Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2008. Print.
Casper, Drew. Hollywood Film 1963-1976: Years of Revolution and Reaction. Chichester, West
Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. Print.
Further, in order to be covered by Medicare, the stay at the nursing home must include care that requires skilled nursing. In other words, Medicare will not cover custodial, non-skilled or long-term care that includes activities of daily living, such as cooking, cleaning and hygiene. A stay at a skilled nursing facility under Medicare is limited to one-hundred days per ailment. Medicare will pay for the first twenty days in full. The remaining eighty days requires the patient to pay a co-payment of approximately $124.00 per day.
Under Medicare Part , Medicare will provide medical insurance to a qualified individual. This coverage includes physician and nursing services, x-rays, laboratory and diagnostic testing, influenza and pneumonia vaccinations, blood transfusions, renal dialysis, outpatient hospital treatment, some ambulance transportation, immunosuppressive drugs for organ transplant recipients, chemotherapy, hormonal treatments and other outpatient medical care treatments as administered in a physician's office. However, medication administration…
Bibliography
Marrelli, Tina M. (2001): Handbook of Home Health Standards and Documentation Guidelines for Reimbursement. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Matthews, Joseph L., Dorothy Matthews Berman. (2007): Social Security, Medicare and Government Pensions: Get the Most out of Your Retirement and Medical Benefits. New York: NOLO.
Vogel, Ronald J. (1999): Medicare. Anne Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Corporate Strategies: Why are they so Important?
Domino's Pizza
Strategic Leadership
Strategic Entrepreneurship
Innovation Applied
What is your biggest Professional Accomplishment?
Organizational Design and Culture
The 80s and Deregulation
The Election of Barack Obama
US rise as a world super power
Domino's Pizza
Dominoes use the strategy by depending on the population and household. They believe that the population and household income are what needs to help when it comes to figuring out if people are willing to pay the pizza price and how much is the request for pizza. They think that this method is important because the population is what helps figuring out the demand for pizza as a consequence of the law of the demand, the bigger population the greater the demand. The household income will help likewise for the reason that the more disposable income the more individuals will purchase a common good. However, Pizza is…
References
Albarracin, D. (2012). The Effects of Chronic Achievement Motivation and Achievement Primes on the Activation of Achievement and Fun Goals. J Pers Soc Psychol., 1129 -- 1141.
Broken Racial Barriers Pave the Way for Obama Presidency. (2013, May 2). Retrieved from Voice of America: http://www.voanews.com/
Dukes, E. (2013, May 21). 4 Ways Technology Has changed the Modern Workplace. Retrieved from Office: http://www.iofficecorp.com/blog/4-ways-technology-has-changed-the-modern-workplace
Goldsmith, J. (2014, April 3). Three Approaches to Innovation. Retrieved from CBSMoney Watch: http://www.cbsnews.com/news/three-approaches-to-innovation/
Financial Management in Healthcare
Medicare and Medicaid are programs run by the government and which provide medical services as well as services that are health care related to particular groups of individuals in the United States. It is imperative to note that these two programs are exceedingly dissimilar but are supervised and overseen by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services which is a department that is found within the Department of Health and Human Services of the United States. The origin of these two programs dates back to the year 1965 when they were created after President Lyndon B. Johnson signed changes to the Social Security Act (Crosta, 2015) for the national health care program. This program was principally created at the time when individuals who were aged 65 years and above found it impossible to obtain private coverage for health insurance. In particular, this was a time when…
References
Wareham, T. (2014). Funding the Transformation: Three financial considerations will shape hospitals' transition success. Trustee.
Scamperie, K. (2013). The fee-for-service shift to bundled payments: financial considerations for hospitals. Journal of Health Care Finance 39(4):55-67.
Addicott, R., Buck, D., Goodwin, N., Harrison, T., Ross, S., Sonola, L., ... & Curry, N. (2013). Transforming our health care system. The King's Fund.
RULES: locks should not be thrown across the line. Scores are recorded to the nearest tenth of a second.
3. ONE-MILE RUN/WALK
OJECTIVE: To measure heart and lung endurance by fastest time to cover a one-mile distance. TESTING: On a safe, one-mile distance, students begin running on the count "Ready? Go!" Walking may be interpersed with running. However, the students should be encouraged to cover the distance in as short a time as possible. RULES: efore administering this test, students' health status should be reviewed. Students should be given ample instruction on pacing themselves and should be allowed to practice running this distance against time. Sufficient time should be allowed for warming up and cooling down before and after the test. Times are recorded in minutes and seconds.
4. PULL-UPS
OJECTIVE: To measure upper body strength and endurance by maximum number of pull-ups completed. TESTING: Student hangs from a horizontal…
Bibliography
"Fitness: the president's challenge. (children's fitness test for President's Challenge Award)." The Saturday Evening Post. 1990. Retrieved April 27, 2010 from HighBeam Research: http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-9138402.html
Gatterman, Meridel I. "Health Promotion and Wellness Through Mental Fitness." Dynamic Chiropractic. Dynamic Chiropractic CA. 2007. Retrieved April 27, 2010 from HighBeam Research: http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1276651631.html
Krucoff, C. "Has Fitness Fizzled?;While Many Work Out; Most Prefer the Couch." The Washington Post. Washington Post Newsweek Interactive Co. 1990. Retrieved April 27, 2010 from HighBeam Research: http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1107930.html
Lyons, B. (2010). "Commentary: Physical fitness -- is it a national security issue?" Retrieved April 27, 2010 from http://www.standard.net/topics/hilltop-times/2010/02/25/commentary-physical-fitness-it-national-security-issue
pecifically, the ADA recognizes disability that results from physical or psychological disabilities that have detrimental effects on any part of life that is considered a "major life activity." Generally, those activities are those that are, ordinarily, "basic components" of a person's life. Typical examples of "basic components" of a "major life activity" would be seeing, hearing, walking, communicating, and learning.
Title I also prohibits any form of discrimination in hiring and promotions against the disabled. American with Disabilities Act Title II requires all state and local governments and municipalities to make "reasonable accommodations" to enable the disabled fair access to their buildings and facilities, and to the equipment of their public transportation systems. American with Disabilities Act Title III establishes similar obligations on private businesses and on most other commercial facilities that are generally open to the public.
Relevance to the Modern Workplace and Health Information Management
In the modern…
Sources Consulted
Edwards, G.C., Wallenberg, M.P., and Lineberry, R.B. (2009). Government in America: People, Politics, and Policy. New York: Longman.
Goldfield, D., Abbot, C., Argersinger, J., and Argersinger, P. (2005). Twentieth-Century
America: A Social and Political History. New Jersey: Pearson.
"As a case in point we may take the known fact of the prevalence of reefer and dope addiction in Negro areas. This is essentially explained in terms of poverty, slum living, and broken families, yet it would be easy to show the lack of drug addiction among other ethnic groups where the same conditions apply." Inciardi 248()
Socio-economic effects
Legalizing drugs has been deemed to have many socio-economic effects. A study that was conducted by Jeffrey a. Miron, who was a Harvard economist estimated that by legalizing drugs, this would inject about $76.8 billion in to the U.S. every year. 44.1 billion dollars would come from savings made from the law enforcement measures and 32.7 billion would be from tax revenue. This revenue can be thought to be broken down as follows: 6.7 billion dollars from marijuana, 22.5 billion from heroin and cocaine and the rest from the other…
References
Blumenson, Eric, and Eva S. Nilsen. How to Construct an Underclass, or How the War on Drugs Became a War on Education. Massachusetts: Drug Policy Forum of Massachusetts, 2002. Print.
Campos, Isaac. "Degeneration and the Origins of Mexico's War on Drugs." Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 26.2 (2010): 379-408. Print.
Chabat, Jorge. "Mexico's War on Drugs: No Margin for Maneuver." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 582.ArticleType: research-article / Issue Title: Cross-National Drug Policy / Full publication date: Jul., 2002 / Copyright © 2002 American Academy of Political and Social Science (2002): 134-48. Print.
Council on Hemispheric Affairs. "Low Taxation Perpetuates Insecurity in Central America." 2011. May 5th 2012. .
Aristotle & Cicero on hetoric
As children we are conditioned to a particular form of discourse that is framed by a significantly complex set of variables including our culture, gender, ethnicity, birth order, political identity and power, religion, and personality. How we employ words, in what context, and with what relative level of effectiveness is determined by all of these factors and more. hetoric is, however effectively argued over, a tool to be used within verbal discourse with the intent to convince others of a particular point-of-view. Political speech is perhaps the most obvious form of rhetoric we experience, but it is also employed in attempts to sell us things, to get others to go on dates, to win jobs and promotions, and to teach our children lessons on how to live life. hetoric's power is in its ability to convince - to win over people to a particular "side,"…
References
Aristotle. Rhetoric. New York: Courier Dover, 2004.
Erickson, Keith. Aristotle: The Classical Heritage of Rhetoric. New York: Scarecrow Press, 1974.
McKendrick, Paul. The Speeches of Cicero. New York: Duckworth, 1994.
Steel, Catherine. Cicero, Rhetoric and Empire. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Israel vs. Palestine Conflict
The author of this report has been asked to write an essay about the conflict between the Israeli people and the Palestinians as it has existed over time. Much of the conflict has actually extended over millennia when it comes to the stretch of land that is involved. However, this report will focus on the last century or so. The first question to be answered is simply a summary of the conflict that has existed between the two groups over the last century. The second question talks about sovereignty and nationalism in the context of the conflict that is being discussed. The conflict is then to be analyzed in terms of power and statecraft. Finally, there will be the prisoner's dilemma discussion from a realist and from a neo-liberal understanding.
Questions Answered
Basically, the gist of the Palestinian gripe is that they have gone from controlling…
References
ERS. (2015). Comparatively Assess Neo-realism and Neo-liberalism. Whose Argument
do you Find the More Convincing and Why?. E-International Relations. Retrieved 11 May 2015, from http://www.e-ir.info/2007/12/21/comparatively-assess-neo-realism-and-neo-liberalism-whose-argument-do-you-find-the-more-convincing-and -
why/
If Americans Knew. (2015). A Synopsis of the Israel/Palestine Conflict.
Abstract
In what is shaping up to be the strangest election in United States history, the contest between the Democratic nominee, former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton and the Republican nominee, billionaire real estate developer Donald J. Trump is being closely monitored by U.S. voters and an increasingly concerned international community. The Democratic nominee has most recently been charged with several abuses of classified information during her tenure as secretary of state, perjury before the U.S. Congress and illicit dealings with foreign interests buying favors from the State Department through donations to the Clinton Foundation. Conversely, the Republic nominee has been labeled alternatively as “crazy,” “insane,” and “deranged” by a growing number of observers based on his erratic and hate-filled speeches. This essay on the 2016 U.S. Presidential election reviews the literature to provide brief biographies of these presidential candidates followed by an analysis of recent trends that have…
She is said to have refused to stop being a cook and this led to infection of people in a New York maternity hospital consequently she was re-arrested by the health officers and taken back to quarantine in 1915 till her death in 1938. This sparked a lot of human rights issues concerning quarantine as never before.
The typhoid pandemic in New York went hand in hand with the poliomyelitis pandemic that began in 1916. The health officers began to separate parents from their children in chagrin of many. This saw the wealthier families provide isolation rooms and treatment for their children right at home. However, in November of the same year when the pandemic subsided, it was after well above 2,300 lives claimed by the pandemic, a vast majority being the young.
It was not long until the world war brought with it another challenge of prostitution and consequent…
References
Barroni & Lemer, (1993). Temporarily Detained: Tuberculous Alcoholics in Seattle: 1949
through 1960. Public Health then and now. American Journal of Public Health. Vol. 86 No. 2. http://ajph.aphapublications.org/cgi/reprint/86/2/257.pdf
Elizabeth & Daniel M., (1988). AIDS: The Burdens of History. PP 151-152. London: University
of California Press Ltd. retrieved on May 17, 2010 from http://books.google.co.ke/books?id=z6NTN5uYOEAC&pg=PA151&lpg=PA151&dq=the+most+concerted+attack+on+civil+liberties+in+the+name+of+public+health+in+American+history.%22&source=bl&ots=ex3b2rbZNW&sig=A0oWLrxni6iipuMdeUwT5jiCzEI&hl=en&ei=jvXyS6jkJZGnsAazg8HrCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CBsQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=the%20most%20concerted%20attack%20on%20civil%20liberties%20in%20the%20name%20of%20public%20health%20in%20American%20history.%22&f=false
The National League was formed in 1876 and enabled spectators to observe touring athletes play the game. The first World Series was played between the National League and its rival, the American League, in 1903. The popularity of baseball allowed for the financing of large baseball fields such as Fenway Park, Shibe Park, and Wrigley Field (Sports and Leisure, 2011). This era also saw the rise of collegiate football, boxing, and basketball.
The rise of entertainment was meteoric in the Gilded Age. With Americans working less and having a higher expendable income, they were able to enjoy entertainments such as expositions, amusement parks, vaudeville shows, sports, and music. To this day, the influence of these innovations and pastimes can still be seen in modern entertainment outlets and continue to amuse audiences everywhere.
Jim Crow Laws:
Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that were enacted between 1876 and 1965…
References
About Vaudeville. (1999). Retrieved from American Masters:
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/episodes/vaudeville/about-vaudeville/721/ .
An Introduction to American Cultural Expression during the Gilded Age and Progressive
Era (n.d.) Retrieved from: http://bss.sfsu.edu/cherny/cultlexp/expo.htm
With this ruling the Court upheld legality of affirmative action. In considering the reasoning behind the Court's upholding of the highly debated principle, the rationale was that to remedy past discrimination, a program that is race-based must be put into effect. Clearly, the Court was concerned with becoming intertwined in the daily administration of academic programs, and the same would have likely held true for the workplace.
The Bakke case had two primary effects in the workplace. It gave the employers the power to enact programs that it felt were necessary in order to promote diversity in the workplace without the risk of being sued for discrimination or having their program being declared invalid by the courts. One interesting observation regarding the history of affirmative action programs in the workplace was that the traditionally government enforced programs and were not applicable against private employers under the U.S. Constitution and the…
References
Almanac of Policy Issues (1995 July 19). "Affirmative action history and rationale."
Affirmative Action Review: Report to the President, Clinton White House Staff.
Retrieved from:
www.policyalmanac.org/culture/archive/affirmative_action_history.shtml
).
The Navy also established institutions to particularly cater for women wishing to enter the service. It recruited women into the Navy Women's eserve, which was known as
Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES), in 1942. More than 80,000 such women served the military in occupations relating to communications, intelligence, supply, medicine and administration. The Marine Corps Women's eserve was created in 1943. Women in this establishment held jobs such as clerks, cooks, mechanics, and drivers. An increasing number of women served in these positions, among others in nursing and the Coast Guard -- there were more than 400,000 American military women serving both in the United States and overseas during the Second World War. Although many of these women served close to combat stations, the work of the majority involved non-combat duties.
After the World Wars
The Korean War
When the Korean Conflict broke out in 1950, President…
References
Norris, Michelle. Roles for Women in U.S. Army Expand. NPR, Oct. 1, 2007. Retrieved from http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=14869648
Women in Military Service for America Memorial Foundation, Inc. Highlights of Military Women. 2010. Retrieved from http://www.womensmemorial.org/Education/timeline.html
Women in the U.S. Army. Generations of Women Moving History Forward. 2010. Retrieved from http://www.army.mil/women/index.html
Various versions of the conspiracy theories link the purported involvement of Giancana with Castro, Giancana with the CIA, and Oswald to one or the other, or to both. Finally, other conspiracy theories even linked then Vice
President Lyndon B. Johnson to the assassination plot, at least in terms of having been made aware of the operation in advance if not necessarily as a co-conspirator (Galanor,
1998).
Several specific individuals later emerged, providing information of their claimed involvement in the assassination conspiracy, including James Files and David Morales
(Benson, 1998). Files was linked to both the CIA after working as a former covert military operative in Laos as well as to organized crime through his association with Charles Nicoletti, a Mafia hitman operating in the Illinois area. Files specifically claimed to have been recruited by Nicoletti to act as a backup shooter positioned in the vicinity of the grassy knoll and…
References
Benson, M. (1998). Who's Who in the JFK Assassination: An a to Z. Encyclopedia.
New York: Citadel.
Galanor, S. (1998). Cover-Up. New York: Kestrel Books.
The President's Commission on the Assassination. (1992). The Warren Commission
The NC-17 rating, of course, is a compromise to avoid serious films being given the 'X' rating associated with pornography possessing no artistic value. But having any rating system at all means that filmmakers who want their films to reach a wide audience, and need a wide audience to pay back their backers may feel pressured to compromise their artistic integrity for the sake of getting a more desirable rating, because R-rated films can draw in more movie goers.
The subjective nature of film ratings even under the MPAA is evident when one considers that certain things we take for granted, like nudity, for example, were originally prohibited by the Hayes Commission. Foreign films from nations with different sexual standards, documentaries about important subjects, and other films that contain taboo topics can be effectively censored by being given a NC-17 rating, while violent, major Hollywood blockbusters with little artistic pretentions…
Works Cited
This Film is Not Yet Rated" Directed by Kirby Dick. 2005.
They make good leaders, because they can make impartial decisions, and will not back down after they have made a decision. They are more concerned with external forces, and so, they are attracted to products, goods, and services, rather than the internal motivations for these items. In other words, they are consumers and they like material goods.
ESTJ's like to bring things to closure quickly and effectively, and they may even overlook some information or input if it seems as if it might impede closure in some way. They engage in primary thinking, which helps create their desire for regimen and discipline. They like being in charge and directing others, as well. They are down to earth, and do not like to be phony. They make friends easily, and usually have many friends in their lives.
Some famous ESTJ's include Harry S. Truman, Lyndon B. Johnson, George W. Bush, Carrie…
"The incompetence was color-blind," he said, adding, "the real stumbling block was indifference to the problems of the poor," Scott continues.
In his speech announcing his official candidacy, Obama stated, "...Beneath all the difference of race and region, faith and station, we are one people." The Rev. Al Sharpton has said that Obama "doesn't want to look like he's only a black candidate." The Scott article notes that Obama's advisors are saying he is "entirely comfortable with his identity...proud to be an African-American but not limited by that." And moreover, Obama carries a "peculiar burden as a presidential candidate," Scott asserts, and that burden relates to whether or not he calibrates his words, "blacks as well as whites are likely to parse them for anything they might signal about racial issues." That said, it is also true that Obama grew up in Hawaii and Indonesia, a long way from black…
Works Cited
Balz, Dan. (2007, January 17). Race and Gender Make Democrats' Field Historic. Washington Post. Retrieved January 13, 2008, at http://www.washingtonpost.com .
Nagourney, Adam. (2008, January 14). Race and Gender Are Issues in Tense Day for Democrats. The New York Times, Retrieved January 14, 2008, at http://www.nytimes.com .
Scott, Janny. (2007, December 20). A Biracial Candidate Walks His Own Fine Line. The New
York Times, Retrieved January 14, 2008, at