Management Principles Essays (Examples)

Management Evolution

Evolution of Management

A Brief History of the Evolution of Management Principles and Models

The evolution of management theories and principles in modern management thought began in the late nineteenth century and advanced rapidly all through the twentieth century up until the present day. The need to define management and the role of managers became a vital part of production as well as the need to effectively complete many business functions. This led to the foundation of various management theories that were aimed at orchestrating different business functions in an environment where the separation of labor demand some level of coordination. Classical management theories focused on the best methods for assigning the labor of various individuals and there related tasks. This line of thinking was not only necessary, but evolved into a robust field of academic study as well as professional practitioners that specialize in management. This paper…

Works Cited

Deming, W. (2011, September 22). The Deming System of Profound Knowledge. Retrieved from The W. Edwards Deming Institute:  http://deming.org/index.cfm?content=66 

Mind Tools. (N.d.). Henri Fayol's Principles of Management. Retrieved from Mind Tools:  http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/henri-fayol.htm

Other specific branches of management study have been developed for multinational enterprises (MNEs) and small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs).

Strategic management incorporates much of the work of previous management theorists, in particular including elements of organizational structure, motivation, organizational behavior and the definition of roles. In some respects, strategic management's focus on the human side derives most substantially from the Drucker tradition. Production management, conversely, remains focused on task. Systems such as Six Sigma and TPS follow on Taylor's theories about task specificity and optimization. There remains at this point in management theory there is a disconnect between these two types of management theory. Perhaps the future direction of management theory is to bring the two concepts -- production management and people management together to form a holistic view of the organization.

Most of today's management theories derive from the influence of Taylor, Drucker and other management thinkers of…

Works Cited:

Cliff Notes. (2010). Classical schools of management. Cliff Notes. Retrieved May 27, 2010 from  http://www.cliffsnotes.com/study_guide/Classical-Schools-of-Management.topicArticleId-8944,articleId-8851.html 

NetMBA.com (2007). Frederick Taylor and scientific management. NetMBA.com. Retrieved May 27, 2010 from  http://www.netmba.com/mgmt/scientific/ 

McNamara, C. (no date). Brief overview of contemporary theories in management. Free Management Library. Retrieved May 27, 2010 from  http://managementhelp.org/mgmnt/cntmpory.htm

This concept originated with the principles of Total Quality Management (TQM).

The notion that only managers play a role in controlling work activities is based on two false ideas. One is the antiquated notion of totalitarian management. Modern management does not follow this style, as it is often not consistent with organizational objectives. The second false idea is that the manager can control the employee at all times. In practice, managers merely provide instruction and guidance with respect to work activities. Employees often devise their own ways of performing different tasks, and it would be near impossible for management to control this. Thus, employees do exert some control over work activities.

Q3. Operations management can be applied to any managerial function.

Operations management techniques are based around analysis of processes. Control is merely one aspect of the role, even within the operations setting. In fact, operations management also consists of…

A cheap product will not be able to survive in this rapidly changing business environment. Organization is another extremely important aspect of the necessary managerial skills for any manager desiring guaranteed success at their individual Verizon location. Organization can be as simple as instituting training at work in a pattern that overlooks no single employee. A good manager cannot expect employees to train themselves or improve their work manners without additional help. A strong organized training program is sure to enhance even the most successful company.

A strong leadership team is another necessary important aspect for businesses engaged in the phone industry. Verizon's leadership team must be instituted and adopted without fear at the workplace, because employees who fear their supervisors simply cannot evolve into successful employees interested in the growth of the company. A strong leadership team will effectively manage the business with the overall objective of accomplishing the…

Bibliography

Bass, B.M. (1996). A new paradigm of leadership: An inquiry into transformational leadership. Alexandria: U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences.

Oak, C. & Schoeffler, B. (2002). Management for the 21st Century. Retrieved March 13, 2007, from Insurance Journal Web site:  http://www.insurancejournal.com/magzines/southcentral/2002/03/11/mindyourbiz/18984 .

Verizon. (2007). Verizon. Retrieved March 17, 2007, at  http://www.verizon.com .

The assistant manager even walked the woman to the door when their business was concluded and wished her a good day before returning to his post. The researcher expected to see the assistant manager complain to others about her after she was gone, but this did not appear to be the case. It could have happened later, but it did not happen while the researcher was observing the assistant manager. Although the research did see several areas where management techniques were not the best, the treatment of that customer by the assistant manager sticks out in the researcher's mind as the most important example of what was seen during that observation time.

Management Principals Found

The idea of using basic management principles appears to be strong at Target. While the store looks to the future and works at being innovative as well, it also ensures that the management pays attention…

Management Functions

If one takes the broad generalization of the mega-environment (general environment); one finds the conditions and trends that make up the organizational culture or even the society in which one operates. This term actually encompasses a number of similar and disparate factors. The technological part of the environment tends to focus on knowledge; the economic element the means of production, distribution and consumption of wealth; the legal-political element focuses on the governmental or rule-based systems to organize the society; the international element the external relationships, and the socio-cultural environment the attitudes, values, norms, believes and behaviors of a particular group or organization (Organizational Environment and Culture, 2008). All these forces are a sum total of how organizations act and react -- whether regionally or internationally.

The legal-political element of the environment is the systems that organize that environment, the rules that are enforced, and the overall manner in…

REFERENCES

Organizational Environment and Culture. (2008). Zainbooks.com. Retrieved from:

 http://www.zainbooks.com/books/management/principles-of-management  _12_organizational-environment-and-culture.html

Bendell, T. (2005). Structuring Business Process Improvement Methodologies. Total Quality Management, 16(8-9): 969-78.

Brown, L.M. And B.Z. Posner. (2001). "Exploring the Relationship Between Learning and Leadership," Leadership and Organizational Development. May, 2001: 274-80.

Abraham H. Maslow and Douglas M. McGregor both believed that in order for people to work to their full potential, they're basic needs have to be satisfied. (Herzberg, 1964) Douglas McGregor also put forth the concept that people's management-behavior is dependent upon their view of human beings and work. (McGregor, 1960) rganizational design concepts have been constantly evolving since the last fifty years. Change is good and should be used as a strategy for organizations to achieve their goals and objectives. (McNamara, 2003)

Research Methods

This thesis will be based on primary as well as secondary research. Initially an extensive secondary exploratory research will be conducted on the topic of management styles used globally, the culture and values of the Middle East and management styles that were used in the past and those that are currently used. This phase of the thesis is expected to take about a month and…

Osterman, Paul. "Supervision, Discretion, and Work Organization." The American Economic Review 84.2 (1994): 380-84.

Porter, Michael E. The Competitive Advantage of Nations. New York: Free Press, 1990.

Tannenbaum, Scott I, and Lisa M. Dupuree-Bruno. "The Relationship between Organizational and Environmental Factors and the Use of Innovative Human Resource Practices." Group & Organization Management 19.2 (1994): 171-202.

This differentiation refers to the management and administration of the agricultural resources of the kingdom. This in turn involved an organized network of royal foundations. (Wilkinson 116) the second area of administrative concern was the processing of government revenue and "…its redistribution to the various state operations…" (Wilkinson 116) Wilkinson in his book also deals extensively with managements issues in relation to the Egyptian treasury. (Wilkinson 125)

In understanding the background to management in ancient Egypt one has to continually take into account the wide range of concerns and activities that required ordered control and administration. As Erman states in his work Life in Ancient Egypt (1894), "The enormous properties belonging to the temples required of course complicated machinery for their administration & #8230;certain members of the priestly college were deputed to manage the affairs of the treasury, the commissariat and the correspondence…" (Erman 303)

Taking into account the above…

Integrating Total Quality Environmental Management Systems - a Critical Study of TQEM

Relevance of TQM to Environmental Management

Scope of Dissertation

Moving from Reactive to Proactive Management

Understanding TQM in Relation to TQEM

History of TQM

Operation of TQM

Quality and Environmental Management Standards

Environmental Management Systems

Weaknesses of EMS Standards

Total Quality Environmental Management

Comparing ISO 9000 and ISO 14000

Integrating the ISO 14000 Environmental Management System

Demographics

Impact of certification on economic and ecological performances

Research Design and Nature

Integrating a Sustainable EMS with TQM

Steps to Implementing an Effective TQEM Strategy

Final Word

ibliography

INTEGRATING QUALITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ManagementS SYSTEMS - A CRITICAL STUDY

INTRODUCTION

ackground and Overview of Study

For decades economic growth has been considered the main indicator of a healthy society (Oliver, 1996). However, only recently has society begun to recognize the environmental cost of this growth. As a result, there is now an…

Bibliography working paper. Winnipeg, MB: International Institute for Sustainable Development, 1996. 58

Bisang, O. (2000), Green Banking - The Value of ISO 14001 Certification

Chattopadhyay, S.P. (2001), "Improving the Speed of ISO 14000 Implementation: A Framework for Increasing Productivity," Managerial Auditing Journal, 16/1, pp. 36-39.

Chinn, R. (March 21, 2001). Roadmap to Realization -- "Getting Started with Your QMS/EMS Integration Process. Alamo Learning Systems.

Clark, D. (1999), What Drives Companies to Seek ISO 14000 Certification, Pollution Engineering, Summer, pp. 14.

Medical Management

The primary goal of both private- and public-sector medical organizations is, of course, to provide the highest standard of medical care to their patients. This requires, of course, professionals who are trained in the latest scientific and medical techniques and both private and public health-care institutions in Great Britain in general accomplish this element of their task. However, providing quality health care is not simply a medical issue: It is also a question of management principles and in this area it is all-too-often the case that health-care organisations fail. It is perhaps inevitable that publicly run health-care institutions are even farther a field in their management style from the best run corporations than are privately run health-care institutions (which are legally constituted along the lines of other for-profit firms) and this fact has a number of important drawbacks for institutions that are a part of the NHS. However,…

References

Brownell, J. (1986)

Building active listening skills. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Bolton, R. (1991). Listening is more than merely hearing," in People skills: How to assert yourself, listen to others and resolve conflicts, (2nd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Chaudron, D. (2000). Decisions to make before organizational change. Strategic Planning & Organizational Change Available:  http://www.organizedchange.com/strthome.htm .

The coercive style: decisions are made top-down with little emphasis on individual ideas; it is best used in situations of crisis, but in the long run, it negatively affects the employees' morale levels

The authoritative style: sets clear goals and directions; rewards based on performances; individuality; it is stimulating for the dedicated employees; does not work if the manager is too demanding or when the employees work in teams

The affiliative style: based on the creation of a pleasant working environment; may lack control and stimulation; high performances only in a compact and hard working group, sharing common goals

The democratic style: employees' ideas are listened to; team work and participation are encouraged; could create a pleasant environment, but may lack control and direction

The pacesetting style: rapid pace of work, high expectations and performance-based rewards; might stifle creativity and generate a tense environment

The coaching style: based on roles…

Works Cited

Atrill, P., McLaney, E.J., 2007, Management Accounting for Decision Makers, 5th Edition, Pearson Education

Davidmann, M., 2006, Style of Management and Leadership,  http://www.solhaam.org/articles/clm2.htmllastaccessed  on February 17, 2009

Hannagan, T., Bennett, R., 2007, Management: Concepts and Practices, 5th Edition, Pearson Education

Ison, M., Kempton, K., 2007, the Impact of Management Style, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Retrieved at http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/179185/the-impact-of-management-style.pdfonFebruary 17, 2009

Emergency Management

It is no secret that the emergency management response of the city needs to improve, especially when it comes to winter snowstorms and related issues. With that in mind, it becomes necessary to focus on how to help both businesses and residences who may have people trapped in them. Additionally, people can easily become trapped in their cars, and without food or water they can be at serious risk. With the freezing temperatures, the danger in which these people find themselves is extremely significant, and not something they can easily ignore or extricate themselves from. Of course, there is more than just people to consider. The safety of structures, the clearing of roadways, and the proper functioning of city services are all issues that can come about when snowstorms and other natural disasters hit a city (Howitt & Leonard, 2009). Individuals who work for city agencies need the…

References

Buchanan, . (2000). Emergency preparedness. In Banks, P. & Pilette, R. Preservation Issues and Planning. Chicago: American Library Association.

Drabek, T. (1991). Emergency management: Principles and practice for local government. Washington D.C.: International City Management Association.

Howitt, A.M. & Leonard, H.B. (2009). Managing crises: Responses to large-scale emergencies. NY: CQ Press.

Suttmeier, R.P. (2011).China's management of environmental crises: Risks, recreancy, and response. In Jae Ho Chung (ed.). China's Crisis Management. London: Routledge.

In addition to this, planning the menu is important in order to determine the types of foods that are necessary in this case.

d) the efficiency of the project can be increased by crashing other activities in addition to creating the guest list and purchasing the food. Annie can crash activities like buying decorations and planning the menu. By crashing the buying of decoration Annie reduces the costs of the project by $70 and its duration by 2 hours. It is also recommended to crash this activity because it does not depend on the number of guests and it does not influence other activities. By crashing of the planning of the menu activity, Annie reduces the cost of the project by $60 and its duration by one hour. This activity influences activities like purchasing of food, and preparing it. Therefore, the reduction of planning the menu can help increase the…

Reference list:

1.Meyer, B. (2002). Project Costs and Crashing. Management of Operations. Retrieved February 11, 2012.

Install exterior siding

Install wiring

Install roof

Web design

The principles of good web design revolve around a number of central core factors. One important central criterion in the development of the principles of effective web design is to fully understand crucial characteristics of the medium. Another central aspect is to base your design message on aim and communication. The first factor -- understanding the medium of the Internet - is an essential and often neglected factor in web design as will become evident in the discussion of the various principles. Secondly, it should always be remembered that, within the context of the specific medium, being able to communicate quickly and effectively with the viewer or client is what makes a good Web site effective. The intended purpose of the web site is also another cardinal feature that influences the principles of design as it is in the creative presentation that is determines its ultimate level of…

Bibliography

Beebe, R.J., Trenta, L., Covrig, D., Cosiano, P., & Eastridge, H. (2002). Build It and They Will Not Necessarily Come: The Effectiveness of a Professional Development Web Site for Entry-Year Principals THE Journal (Technological Horizons In Education), 29(11), 58+.

Bhat, S., Bevans, M., & Sengupta, S. (2002). Measuring Users' Web Activity to Evaluate and Enhance Advertising Effectiveness. Journal of Advertising, 31(3), 97+.

Boling, E., Beriswill, J.E., Xaver, R., Hebb, C., Kaufman, D., & Frick, T. (1998). Text Labels for Hypertext Navigation Buttons. International Journal of Instructional Media, 25(4), 407.

Dickson, T. (2000). Mass Media Education in Transition: Preparing for the 21st Century. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Management Technologies in American Corporations

An exploration of knowledge organizations and their management of information using both the Internet and digital means

This paper will explore the pros and cons of both, and make recommendations for implementing them into companies, both large and small, and finally show real-world examples of these technologies in use in some of the most prominent American companies today.

Today, we live in a very complex world. Technology is proliferating at an exponential pace, and we are constantly bombarded with new technologies and ways of accessing information. Some of us find it very hard to keep up with all these technologies in our own homes (some of us may not even know how to use the internet). But these problems are much more problematic for businesses.

hile we might be able to still operate, and live our everyday lives despite our lack of technical knowledge, companies…

Works Cited

Holt, DH 1997, Management Principles and Practices, Prentice-Hall, Sydney.

Aldrich, Douglass. 1999. Mastering the Digital Marketplace. John Wiley, New York.

Nonaka, Ikujiro and Toshihiro Nishiguchi. 2001. Knowledge Emergence. Oxford UP, Oxford.

Levine, Rick. 2000. Talk is Cheap. The Cluetrain Manifesto. Perseus, Cambridge.

Specifically, Caesar masterfully showed how through building alliances one may achieve power and rise to the top of the leadership tier even in a group or society as vast as the Ancient Roman Empire (Abbott, 1901, p.385).

The Roman Empire also provides an example of organizational systems within the public domain through the Republican system. In the Roman Republican system of government, one man did not have the power to make law. Instead, power was balanced amongst three different branches of government: the executive, the legislative, and the judicial ("The Roman Empire"). In fact, this form of government introduced the concept of a senatorial body to the public. In Rome, the Senate was designed as a separate body of government from that of the Emperor so as to avoid the tyranny of one leader. Through the advent of the Senate, the Romans laid the groundwork for leadership structure of Britain…

Supply Chain Management at Toyota

Toyota essentially follows a very simple supply chain management policy. While ensuring a reasonable level of quality, delivery time and satisfaction of customers, Toyota attempts to reduce costs in its supply chain.

Producing the right product for the market at the right price that can be affordable for the customers are the primary objectives of the supply chain management policy at Toyota at the right time. In order to maximize profits, the company follows a policy of targeting the right customer group at the right time (Liu & Brookfield, 2006).

A pictorial representation of the supply chain management policy of Toyota is listed in the appendix. The company segregates its supply chain and the suppliers. It considers the suppliers as a very integral part of the supply chain. Apart from supplying raw materials for automobile production, the suppliers are also suppliers of technology for the…

References

Deloitte.wsj.com,. (2016). Toyota Pioneers New Global Supply Chains - Deloitte CIO - WSJ. Retrieved 6 February 2016, from  http://deloitte.wsj.com/cio/2014/08/12/toyota-pioneers-new-global-supply-chains/ 

Iyer, A., Seshadri, S., & Vasher, R. (2009). Toyota supply chain management. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Kubota, Y. (2015). Toyota Unveils Revamped Manufacturing Process. The Wall Street Journal, p. 1. Retrieved from  http://www.wsj.com/articles/toyota-unveils-revamped-manufacturing-process-1427371432 

Liu, R., & Brookfield, J. (2006). Japanese subcontracting in mainland China: a study of Toyota and Shanghai Koito. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 11(2), 99-103.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13598540610652465

Management of Organizations

Significance of Managers in Achieving Organizational Success

Organic vs. Mechanistic Organization

Process of Formulating Corporate Strategy

Meaning of Organizational Culture

Management of Organizations

Organizational management is one of the most crucial components for organizational success and productivity. This is primarily because the process entails handling various aspects that are geared towards achieving the organization's overall objectives. Some of the most important issues in organizational management include effective decision making and conflict resolution. These important aspects are usually handled by the organization's top management, which play a vital role in ensuring organizational success. For managers, the process also entails formulating corporate strategy and creating a suitable organizational culture that helps in realization of the overall goals and objectives.

Significance of Managers in Achieving Organizational Success

As previously mentioned, organizational managers play an important role in the success of an organization, especially in relation to decision making. Actually, organizational…

References

Cohen, S., Eimicke, W. & Heikkila, T 2008, The effective public manager: achieving success in a changing government, Jossey-Bass, New Jersey.

Gitman, L & McDaniel, C 2007, The future of business: the essentials, Thomson Higher

Education, Mason: Ohio.

Hill, C & Jones, G 2012, Strategic management theory: an integrated approach, Cengage

Managing and Improving Quality

Methodology for implementation of performance measurement

Information technology applications of Mayo Clinic

How benchmarks and milestones are involved in quality

Performance and quality measures are aligned to the Mayo Clinic's mission, vision, and strategic plan

Quality assurance and improvement is incorporated through various techniques. The organizations that is willing to invest in their growth and attain a satisfactory level of consumer satisfaction through quality improvement. The quality measures that are incorporated are also investigated and improved through various methodologies in performance measurement. Technology and learning are basic elements required to improve quality and performance measurement. The BSC model for performance measurement and quality improvement, benchmarking, balanced scorecard, and quality mile stones are discussed below. Mayo clinic is one of the progressive organization providing healthcare facilities to patients. The features of information security are identified as a sector for improvement in Mayo clinic.

Introduction:

Mayo clinic is…

References:

Berry, L. & Seltman, K. (2008). Management Lessons from Mayo Clinic: Inside One of the World's Most Admired Service Organizations. USA: McGraw Hill Professional.

Coers, M., Gardner, C., Raybourn, C., & Higgins, L. (2001). Benchmarking: A Guide for Your Journey to Best Practice Processes. USA: APQC.

Lighter, D.E., & Fair, D.C. (2000). Principles and Methods of Quality Management in Health Care. Maryland: Aspin Publishers Inc.

Olsen, L., Goolsby, W.A., McGinnis, J.M. (2009). Leadership Commitments to Improve Value in Health Care: Finding Common Ground. USA: National Academies Press.

Management Structures Case of Walmart

The City and State where it is located

Firms today are facing fierce and strong competition and this has brought with it many challenges. To ensure their survival, companies must continually improve in both efficiency and effectiveness (Buble, Juras and Matic, 2014). Because of this, every organization must seek to exploit its workforce's potential, and the place of leadership in this can't be understated. Everyone knows that leadership is central in helping an organization achieve its goals and in aiding information sharing in the organization (Buble, Juras and Matic, 2014). Wal-Mart Stores Inc. is U.S.'s largest retail company and has been placed first by Fortune Magazine on Fortune 500 Index (Hayden et al., n.d.). The corporate strategy at Wal-Mart is constituted of dominating retail market, expanding in the United States as well as international markets, creating a positive brand and Company ecognition as well as…

References

ACCA, (2013). Reward Schemes. Relevant To ACCA Qualification Paper P5, pp.3-12.

Buble, M., Juras, A. And Mati?, I. (2014). The Relationship between Managers' Leadership Styles And Motivation. Management, 19(1), pp.161-193.

College of the Redwoods, (2010).Maslow's Hierarchy.pp.1-4.

Fauziah, W., Shen, T. And Talha, M. (2013).Herzberg's Two Factors Theory on Work Motivation: Does Its Work for Today's Environment?.Global Journal of Commerce & Management Perspective, 2(5), pp.18-22.

Management Overview

In the discussion of cultural forces, we identified 10 fundamental person values that are often listed by individuals as central to them and the American culture. How would you rank these values in terms of their relative importance to you? What was the basis for your selection of the top three ranked values?

Ethics help in defining proper and improper behavior and these set of standards show what comportment is tolerable and intolerable. A few characterizations of proper and improper may be contingent on the viewpoint deliberating matters of principle. 4 essential forces affect ethical conduct of persons and administrations: culture, lawful and supervisory, structural and singular. To begin with, cultural values tend to become the mainstay of ethical decision-making and comportment.

Normally, persons change their beliefs to their life conditions. They promote the significance they attribute to beliefs they can freely achieve and relegate the significance of…

Bibliography

(2009). Retrieved from mathermerketing.com: http://www.mathermarketing.co.uk/how-not-to-go-it-alone/some-examples-of-joint-ventures.php

Adeel, A. (2012). Ethical Communication in an Organization. Islamabad: Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences.

Amadeo, K. (2011). Trade Policy. Retrieved from USeconomy.com:  http://useconomy.about.com/od/tradeterms/g/Foreign-Direct-Investment-FDI-Definition.htm 

Blagdon, J. (2013, March 06). Retrieved from The Verge:  http://www.theverge.com/2013/3/6/4073354/samsung-boosts-lobbying-spend-by-500-percent-in-2012

Managing Diversity and Equal Opportunity

With the turn of the 21st century, a dramatic increase is being witnessed in the international flow of labor with repercussion for domestic labor supply and management. The native, racial and emigre mixture of the employees is predominantly important for the workplace. The importance of this domestic cultural multiplicity in the labor force, highlighted by worldwide influences and necessities, has lately encouraged the researchers to focus on the companies' and managers' response to diversity, be it of any form (Watson, Spoonley, & Fitzgerald, 2009).

If the workforce of the present times is compared with the one that was found 20 years ago, it will be easy to observe that there are "more white women, people of color, disabled persons, new and recent immigrants, gays and lesbians, and intergenerational mixes (i.e., baby boomers, Generation Xers, and Generation Nexters)" (iccucci, 2002) today. This situation has given birth…

References

Hemphills, H., & Hayne, R. (1997). Discrimination, Harassment, and the Failure of Diversity Training: What to Do Now. Westport, CT: Quorum Book. Retrieved December 15, 2012, from  http://www.questia.com /read/23366693/discrimination-harassment-and-the-failure-of-diversity

King, A.S. (1995, December). Capacity for Empathy: Confronting Discrimination in Managing Multicultural WorkForce Diversity. Business Communication Quarterly, 58(4), 46+. Retrieved December 14, 2012, from

This is also conducive, the realization of a 'higher' but clear objective in the command of someone with clear accountability to keep about company order, or principle ten. For social order to prevail there must be an appointed place for every employee and every employee must be in his appointed place.

Question

Ethical violations are interesting to compare in light of the previous questions principle of eleven, of equity. For all personnel to be encouraged to carry out their duties with devotion and loyalty to the organization and its ideals and specific goals, people must be treated with kindliness. A sense of equity results from combination of kindness and justice. Equity excludes neither "forcefulness nor sternness," merely fairness. This can be seen with a common organizational problem of 'time theft' where individuals use work hours for personal matters without making note of this on their time sheets. If the management…

Management and Leadership DIscussion

For decades, school management processes have been popular among schools around the nation. School management processes put more responsibility on the local teacher and administrator basis in order to influence more positive results. The success of student learning depends heavily on "community participation, decentralization or teacher empowerment" (Wohlstetter & Mohrmon, 1994). This allows principals to step up and take a managerial approach to implementing individual and strategies unique to the needs of their schools. Ultimately, there are then variations within leadership processes. Thus, "some school districts dictate that structure, as in San Diego; others leave it up to the schools themselves, but hold the principal accountable for ensuring that all parties are given the opportunity to contribute, such as in Prince William County" (Wohlstetter & Mohrmon, 1994). The principal is thus a facilitator of change and an innovator that works to motivate individual teachers and administrators…

References

Murray, Martin. (2012). Total Quality Management. Manufacturing. Web.  http://logistics.about.com/od/qualityinthesupplychain/a/TQM.htm 

Spillane, James P., Diamond, John B., Burch, Patricia, Hallett, Tim, Jita, Loyiso, & Zoltners, Jennifer. (2013). Managing in the middle: School leaders and the enactment of accountability policy. Northwestern University. Web.  http://www.sesp.northwestern.edu/docs/mngingmiddleSPIDIABUR.pdf 

Wohlstetter, Priscilla & Mohrman, Susan A. (1994). School-based management: Promise and process. Issues and Research in Educational Finance. Web.  http://www2.ed.gov/pubs/CPRE/fb5sbm.html

This would allow IM to find individuals from other countries and also to take a more global approach to training and staff development. Hire the "best and the brightest" to rapidly reenergize the organization and product line.

Grow existing lines and existing customers -- Instead of trying to grow rapidly, IM could target its current user base and simply solidify their needs by using market research to contact them and find ways to improve and maintain market share while retaining talent in the current geographical model. This model would be more conservative about hiring and wages, and would of course allow for some expansion, but keeping most of the &D in Waterloo, Canada. This would also retain more control over the design and marketing of the product for those in the organization who prefer to manage each instance and aspect of the organization from a Central --( field mentality.

Aggressively…

REFERENCES

Research in Motion: Managing Explosive Growth. (2008). Ivey Management Services. Cited in:

Patel, N. (January 22, 2010). Motorola Asks ITC to Ban Blackberry Imports. Endgaget.

Cited in:  http://www.engadget.com/2010/01/22/motorola-asks-itc-to-ban-blackberry-imports/ 

Sweeney, a. (2009). Blackberry Planet: The Story of Research in Motion and the Little Device

Management Theories

Historical records show that people always organized themselves in order to work together towards a common objective and they coordinated their efforts to achieve this objective (Accel-Team 2004). It was not until the latter part of the 19th century that the concept of scientific management entered history during the Industrial evolution, but management skills existed long before the 19th century. Ancient Egyptians built the pyramids, ancient Chinese erected the Great Wall of China, the Mesopotamians irrigated their lands and walled their cities and the omans of old put up their roads, aqueducts and notably Hadrian's Wall not without established and superb management standards of their leaders (Accel-Team) and massive obedience and coordination among the followers. The pyramids of Egypt, wonders of the world, each measure 75,600 square feet at the base, 480 feet high and consists of more than two million blocks of stone, each weighing 2.5 tons.…

REFERENCES

1. Accel-Team. (2004). Developments from Ancient History. Accel-Team.com. http://www.accel-team/scientific

2. Allen, G. (1998). Management History. Supervision. http://allie.dcccd.edu.mgnmt1374

3. Geocities. (2004). Human Behavior. http://www.geocities.com/the sydication/hr.html

4. McNamara, C. (1999). Very Brief History of Management Theories.  http://www.mapnp.org/library/mgmnt/history.htm

Management Perspective on Aviaton Safety

Aviation Safety Management

However, this topic narrows substantially when one considers it from a management perspective. Management has a number of diverse concerns that it must consider in regards to aviation safety. For the most part, these safety issues are typically balanced out with issues related to cost and customer satisfaction. Although safety should always be the principle point of concern, management oftentimes has to temper this with practical considerations related to finances regarding time and money spent. Management can help to mitigate the severity of financial constraints, however, by involving as many people as possible in the safety and quality assurance process via a team-based approach. Additionally, there are certain Safety Management System (SMS) programs that can help to stratify different facets of safety management. Finally, it is important for management to make aviation safety a continuous process which is increasingly refined and improved.…

References

Burnside, J.E. (2013). "Top five pre-flight mistakes." Aviation Safety Management. Retrieved from  http://www.aviationsafetymagazine.com/issues/33_5/features/Pre-Flight-Check-Mistakes_10554-1.html 

Conyers, B. (2013). "Safety management systems: beyond theory." SM4 Safety. Retrieved from  http://sm4.global-aero.com/articles/safety-management-systems-beyond-the-theory/?disp=pdf 

Grosenick, C. (2002). "Quality assurance: how does it impact maintenance?" Aviation Pros. Retrieved from  http://www.aviationpros.com/article/10387519/quality-assurance-how-does-it-impact-maintenance?page=3 

Waikar, A., Nichols, P. (1997) "Aviation safety: a quality perspective." Disaster Prevention and Management. 6 (2): 87 -- 93.

Evaluate the impact of globalization and management across borders

After its retrenchment in the U.S., Starbucks is still considering expanding its operations China. "Despite its long presence in the Chinese market -- Starbucks opened its first shop in Beijing in 1999 -- the Seattle coffee giant only has 376 stores on the China mainland, compared with 878 in Japan" (Sanchanta 2011). Starbucks has tried to learn from some of its mistakes domestically in the U.S., such as its super-saturation of certain marketplaces, while incorporating many of the successful lessons of its other ventures, such as its ability to tailor product offerings to local needs. "Cracking the code in China for any company is not an easy task -- there will be a number of winners and lots of losers of people who go there and rush to judgment and don't succeed…The thing I am most interested in when I go…

References

Clark, Taylor. (2008). How Starbucks colonized the world. The Sunday Times. Retrieved July

21, 2011 at  http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/leisure/article3381092.ece 

Leadership and management. (2011). Team Technology. Retrieved July 21, 2011 at Retrieved July 21, 2011 at  http://www.teamtechnology.co.uk/leadership-basics.html 

Sanchanta, Mariko (2011). Starbucks plans major China expansion. The Wall Street Journal.

Management - Is it an Art or a Science?

Management is Art

Management has a lot more closely attached to art than it is to science. usiness management is about working with, as well as influencing other people to fulfill the goals of both the corporations and its associates (2).

Managing in the New Era

Quick transformations that are far-reaching all through each and every feature of business today prompts the corporations to reorganize the method they do things. Even though the customary management replica has developed quite a bit, it is still geared to an unbending composition and command -- and manage state of mind (3). This replica is well modified to an atmosphere where transformation is sluggish and evolutionary rather than fast and radical. It helps put in order procedures and promote a sense of responsibility, order, and discipline (4).

What it is short of is elasticity making…

Bibliography

1) Bjrn Bjerke. Business Leadership and Culture: National Management Styles in the Global. Edward Elgar, 1999.

2) Floyd Norris. A Climb to Riches, One Merger at a Time. New York Times. 2003.

3) Hal R. Varian. Can markets be used to help people make nonmarket decisions? New York Times. 2003.

4) Jeff Madrick. Looking beyond free trade as a solution to helping the developing world. New York Times. 2003.

Management Technology

Principles of Management and Technology

Multiculturalism and Diversity

"Diversity is desirable for innovation, flexibility, and organizational success."

Diversity can be a valuable asset for any organization. Having people from different backgrounds and cultures offers a broader range of different perspectives and different opinions. Having this as an asset can spawn higher levels of innovation and flexibility because of the depth of perspective -- more people with different ideas can collaborate in a way that ultimately leads to organizational success. Today's most successful organizations embrace diversity however the results of diversity are not always successful. hile many organizations have sought to increase the diversity of their workforces, researchers have found both positive and negative effects of demographic diversity on organizational outcomes (Olsen & Martins, 2012).

New Business Ventures

Discuss the reasons why small businesses are so important to the U.S. economy.

Small business accounts for the bulk of the…

Works Cited

Olsen, J., & Martins, L. (2012). Understanding organizational diversity management programs: A theoretical framework and directions for future research. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 1168-1187.

SBA. (2012, September). Frequently Asked Questions. Retrieved from Small Business Association:  http://www.sba.gov/sites/default/files/FAQ_Sept_2012.pdf

Whereas the other functions of management focus on methods, and operations, and policies, and organizational structure, leadership pertains exclusively to people. Management also includes various functions that relate to personnel, such as the establishment of hierarchical structure, and supervisory policies and practices. However, even in these personnel-oriented functions, management and leadership are substantially different.

Leadership includes the use of specific styles (such as transactional, charismatic, transformational, and servant leadership). On one hand, certain leadership styles have proven to be more appropriate or likely to be successful in specific types of organizations and industries; on the other hand, leadership style is ultimately a matter of choice and any leadership style could (at least in principle) be used in any organization. However, management functions are largely determined by the nature of the industry and the processes required for organizations to function properly in given industries. Therefore, unlike leadership style, approaches to business…

"The most important issues which have to be addressed here are precise monitoring (diagnosis) of current results and their comparison with what has been planned. Effective managerial control must always be followed by feedback for correcting initial plans " (http://www.bashedu.ru/konkurs/ibatullina/eng/function.htm).

The observation of the way in which people within an organization behave is of extreme importance. ut leaders and managers obtain feedback not just from observations, but directly from people. This provides them with a better understanding of the relation between the actions performed by the individuals and the beliefs which guide their behaviour. An efficacious control upon these factors implies the contribution to the creation and maintenance of a healthy organizational culture.

There are various strategies that an organization can choose to implement in order to make sure it preserves a healthy organizational culture. Among them we can mention the adoption of various principles, such as the following: a…

Bibliography

Baker, Kathryn (2002), Organizational Culture, 19 May, 2007, <

Four Management Functions, 19 May, 2007,  http://www.bashedu.ru/konkurs/ibatullina/eng/function.htm 

Schein, Edgar, H (1992), Organizational Culture and Leadership, San Francisco: Jossey -Bass Publishers

(Building and Maintaining a Diverse Workforce)

Agencies are required to develop a good understanding of their individual strengths and weaknesses so as to plan their programs to their best advantage. An agency acquires this information by evaluating the views of the employees on diversity issues. Analysis of the trends and projections of the workforce in determination of the skills gaps and necessitates and devising successive planning strategies are crucial moves for agency strategic and business planning. Such efforts facilitate the managers with the required facts so as to be aware of the assignment of resources and the making the necessary planning for the future work of the organization and the points of concentration of their energy to produce a high performance organization. (Building and Maintaining a Diverse Workforce)

The successful managers understand the necessary skills for producing a successful diverse workforce. Firstly they should be aware of the discrimination and…

References

Building and Maintaining a Diverse Workforce" (25 June 2000) Retrieved at  http://www.opm.gov/Diversity/diversity-3.htm . Accessed on 15 January, 2005

Creating a Diverse Workforce" Retrieved from Retrieved at  http://www.businessweek.com/adsections/diversity/diversework.htm . Accessed on 15 January, 2005

Recruiting and Managing a Diverse Workforce" Retrieved at  http://www.vault.com/nr/newsmain.jsp?nr_page=3&ch_id=402&article_id=19018&cat_id=1102Accessed  on 15 January, 2005

Green, Kelli A; L. pez, Mayra; Wysocki, Allen; Kepner, Karl. "Diversity in the Workplace: Benefits, Challenges, and the Required Managerial Tools" University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. Retrieved at http://www.minoritygraduate.com/feature27.asp. Accessed on 15 January, 2005

Management Quality ontrol

Dr. Kaoro Ishikawa is one of the world's idealized leaders in quality management control. He joined Japanese union of Japanese scientists and Engineers in 1949 to research on quality, after knowing that America's produce such as toys and cameras was cheap and defective. Ishikawa's greatest concern was to improve quality management involving every employee from top management to the front-line staff, without relying on professions. His significant contribution to evolution of quality management when he introduced the "fishbone" diagram that emphasized on quality services to customers made him known, and this could only be achieved by quality organization first in production of quality goods and services (Dahlgaurd 2005).

Bibliography

Kaoru was born on July 13th 1915 in Tokyo, and was the eldest son among the Shikawas, and in 1939, he obtained a degree in the University of Tokyo for applied chemistry. This knowledge helped him in construction,…

Cencus, B. o. (1983). Operations Management. Chicago: United States Department of Commerce.

Dahlgaurd, J.K. (2005). Fundamentals of Total Quality Management. Denmark: Routledge publishers.

Ishikawa, K. (1985). What is Total Quality Management -- the Japanese Way. Korea: Prentice-hall publishers.

Some or all such authority may be in fact unlimited. This is when a committee can counterbalance authority and diffuse power within an organization since effectively only a small faction is making important decisions. The best use of committees is to have limited power to make decisions but have unlimited power to make recommendations on how things should be done.

2. Identify the initial issue that should always be thoroughly addressed when the establishment of a committee is recommended.

The initial issue that should be addressed is that of making sure that those on the committee are the people capable of carrying out the agenda of the committee and that the committee will have limited power to make organizational decisions.

3. In what ways may committees be said to dilute the recognition and diffuse the blame or responsibility? Where, based on your personal experience, have you seen one of these…

References

Baker, L. 2002. "Managed care, medical technology, and the well-being of society," viewed 21

February 2011, <  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12055455 >

Carlson, Gail. 2009. "Managed Care Understanding Our Changing Health Care System," viewed

21 February 2011,

In other words, he expects for his efforts to be accordingly remunerated or rewarded with a promotion, a full time job offer for a trainee and so on (Stuart-Kotze, 2008).

In implementing these individual needs, organizational managers have developed numerous incentive plans, such as the offering of increased wages, premiums, bonuses or promotions.

The four above presented theories are relevant in the context of driving the individual, which is then capable to influence the organizational behavior of his employing company. The responses generated by the economic entities relative to the motivational factors vary in terms of intensity, ability to implement or resources possessed, but fact remains that all organizations have attempted to integrate stimuli that increase the performances of the workers. The ultimate goal of each organization offering incentive plans to its staff members is that of best benefiting from their intense efforts.

Aside the offering of a pleasant, yet…

References

Fabozzi, F.J., Peterson, P.P., 2003, Financial Management and Analysis, 2nd Edition, John Willey and Sons Inc.

Hariss, J.O., Hartman, S.J., 2001, Organizational Behavior, 1st Edition, Taylor & Francis Inc.

Stuart-Kotze, R., 2008, Motivation Theory,  http://www.goal-setting-guide.com/motivation-theory.htmllast  accessed on September 15, 2008

2008, Official Website of the Microsoft Corporation,  http://www.microsoft.com/en/us/default.aspxlast  accessed on September 15, 2008

Managing Diversity

Diversity is a fact of American and International business and is a broader, more complex issue than one might initially believe. A universally vital element of global commerce, Diversity has spawned an abundance of theorists, journals and specialists, some of whom are encountered in this composition. Addressing the remarkable breadth and complexity of Diversity, this essay reviews: the nature of Diversity; legally protected classes within the United States; aspects of Diversity that fall outside the scope of U.S. legal protections; the benefits of Diversity for employers; the differences/challenges presented by Diversity for employers; general business adjustments/accommodations for Diversity; and suggested specific business adjustments/accommodations for Diversity. Though this work cannot exhaustively address all aspects of Diversity, it is meant to give a good overview of modern businesses' Diversity issues and possible solutions.

Analysis

Nature of Diversity:

"Diversity" involves legally protected classes of people but also involves other classes of…

Works Cited

Akbari, H. (2008). Education business professionals for year 2010 and beyond: Six critical management themes and skills to emphasize. International Business & Economics Research Journal, 7(7), 57-62.

Comperatore, E., & Nerone, F. (2008). Coping with different generations in the workplace. Journal of Business & Economic Research, 6(6), 15-30.

Domina, C.S. (2011). Our strength is in our Diversity: Fact or fancy? Journal of Diversity Management, 6(1), 1-9.

Figiel, V.L., & Kummel Sasser, M.A. (2010). Factors contributing to employee decisions to ignore Diversity policies. Journal of Diversity Management, 5(4), 11-17.

Again, this might seem like simple good sense; making decisions based on the factual merits of the situation rather than on face-saving or boss-pleasing seems like the only rational way of doing business. Not paying attention to political whims, however, can have serious repercussions for individuals and organizations alike, and truly depoliticizing decisions requires a great deal of introspection, honesty, and self-awareness in the top management officials and decision makers in a company (Hamel 2009).

Achieving this depoliticization is certain to be even more difficult than establishing a democracy of information, as it is difficult to convince people to relinquish power willingly once they have it. The problem is that politicized decision making is only a hair's breadth away -- one might even say is simply a euphemism for -- corrupt decision making. Few debates or issues are more heavily politicized than long-term (and even short-term) government planning, and though…

References

Burk, M. (1999). "Knowledge Management: Everyone Benefits by Sharing Information." Public roads 63(3).

Hamel, G. (2009). "Moon shots for management." Harvard business review (February), pp. 91-8.

Newman, P. (2009). "Markets, experts and depoliticizing decisions on major infrastructure." Urban research and practice 2(2), pp. 158-68.

Management of Technology in Developing Countries Such as Iran

Technology management arrangements of developing countries vary from those of first world ones. The requirement for skill in these states is not growing from within, but somewhat cropping up from new wares imported from first world countries. Technological growth in addition does not consequence from inner data and research, but resulting upon the technology transmission from abroad. In these environments, technology management by customary way is barely effective. These are troubles facing the Islamic epublic of Iran these days and as a consequence organizations controlling the technology management endure non-compliance, then technological development does not trail an accurate trend (obertson, 2002).

Lack of distinctive management, vagueness of technological precedence's, misunderstanding of policy-making roles and inter-organization implementation and management, tremendous government involvement in all fields and lack of specialist manpower are amongst the vital troubles of the topic (Sveiby et. al 2001).…

References

(1.) Abou-Zeid, E.S. "A Knowledge Management Reference Model." Journal of Knowledge Management, 6(5), 2002. pp. 486-499.

(2.) Bender S. And Fish A. "The Transfer of Knowledge and the Retention of Expertise: The Continuing Need for Global Assignments." Journal of Knowledge Management, 4(2), 2008. pp. 125-135.

(3.) Beveren, V.J. "A Model of Knowledge Acquisition that Refocuses Knowledge Management." Journal of Knowledge Management, 6(1), 2002. pp. 18-22.

(4.) Bhatt, G. "Organizing Knowledge in the Knowledge Development Cycle." Journal of Knowledge Management, 4(1), 2009. pp. 15-26.

Managing Diversity in the Workplace

The modern business environment is marked by numerous people-oriented variables brought to organizations. These variables include gender, race, age, and religion, and socioeconomic background, regional and national origin. All these factors form the current workforce in the market place. Diversity is widely recognized as one of the world's greatest strengths. Diversity continues to affect the society and the organizational workforce in the process of shaping the 21st century workforce (Konrad, 2006). Organizations appreciate individual sensitivity and differences to enable them discharge the organizational mission. Sensitivity and training on diversity focuses on changing valid standards and expectations of people. This paper gives details on understanding diversity. Although the scope is limited, it highlights how the understanding of diversity is a challenge in managing the current workforce. It remains a fact that the contemporary workforce does not have the same desires as the previous workforce.

Problem statement…

References

Albrecht, M.H. (2011). International HRM: Managing diversity in the workplace. Oxford [u.a.: Blackwell.

Cornelius, N. (2012). Building workplace equality: Ethics, diversity and inclusion. London: Thomson Learning.

Dansby, M.R., Stewart, J.B., & Webb, S.C. (2011). Managing diversity in the military: Research perspectives from the Defense Equal Opportunity Management Institute. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.

Jackson, S.E. (2012). Diversity in the workplace: Human resources initiatives. New York: Guilford Press.

Managing Diversity in Organizations

Diversity can be described as the manner of recognizing, appreciating, accepting, respecting, and reveling dissimilarities among individuals with regards to age, class, ethnicity, sex, physical and intellectual capability, race, and sexual orientation (Esty et al., 1995). Diversity has become a significant and beneficial component for organizations. With the constant increase in globalization, organizations have been forced to diversify their set of personnel in the work environment. Employees come from diverse backgrounds, geographical areas, tribal and ethnic origins and bear distinctive diverse abilities and aptitudes. It is essential for people to work together and combine abilities and manage diversity commendably in the environment. Every individual's opinions, activities, and also principles are molded by his or her culture. Organizations have to institute diversity into their structures and policies in order to attain the projected goals and objectives (Esty et al., 1995).

The issue of diversity does not just…

References

Bolen, L., &Kleiner, B. H. (1996). Managing diversity in the workplace. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 3(4), 3-8.

Cox, T., & Beale, R. L. (1997). Developing competency to manage diversity: Readings, cases & activities. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

Cummings, T. G., & Worley, C. G. (2014). Organization development and change. Cengage learning.

Estyy, K., Griffin, R., Schorr-Hirsh, M. (1995). Workplace Diversity: A manager's guide to solving problems and turning diversity into a competitive advantage. Massachusetts: Adams Media Corporation.

5. Concerns Associated with the System

The legal concerns associated with the system are relatively reduced and are included in the same category as all the legal concerns faced by companies all over the world. In other words, the system must focus on being objective and fair; otherwise, the company stands the risks of being sued for discrimination and unfair treatment of the staff members.

The objectivity and fairness of the system is not only a matter for legal concerns, but also for ethical ones. If the employees come into contact with information of biased evaluations, they will lose their trust in the entity. This will lead to reduced performances, low employee morale or even high employee turnover rates, generating additional expenditure. Foremost, all these will negatively impact the company's image and perception on the market.

6. Possible Challenges in a Multicultural Workforce

Generally speaking, the appraisal system is objective…

References

Bowman, J.S., 1999, Performance Appraisal: Verisimilitude Trumps Veracity, Public Personnel Management, Vol. 28

Kovach, R.C., 1994, Matching Assumptions to Environment in the Transfer of Management Practices: Performance Appraisal in Hungary, International Studies of Management and Organization, Vol. 24

Lonsdale, a., 1998, Performance Appraisal, Performance Management and Quality in Higher Education: Contradictions, Issues and Guiding Principles for the Future, Australian Journal of Education, Vol. 42

Management of Immunocompromised Patients

In beginning I writer specific nursing assignment. The Question: 2000 Words While clinical placement asked prepare a single room an admission. The patient requiring admission isolation room immunocompromised.

Immunocompromised patients usually require isolation in order to prevent them from becoming infected with infections from other patients which is known as protective isolation. For the immunocompromised patients, their immune system is unable to fight the infectious diseases. There are many diseases or conditions that lead to immunodeficiency in patients.

One is AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). The pathophysiology of AIDS starts when the person's CD4+ T cell count begins to decrease as the disease kills these cells. This is HIV-induced cell lysis where the virus enters the CD4+ cells where it inserts its genetic information to the cell nucleus thus taking over the cell and replicating itself. The virus then mutates extremely rapidly thus making it more and…

References

Agusti, C., & Torres, A. (2009). Pulmonary Infection in the Immunocompromised Patient: Strategies for Management. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Bodey, G.P. (2010). Managing Infections in the Immunocompromised Patient. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 40(Supplement 4), S239. doi: 10.1086/427328

Glauser, M.P., & Pizzo, P.A. (2009). Management of Infections in Immunocompromised Patients New York: Elsevier Health Sciences.

Hayden, R.T. (2008). Diagnostic Microbiology of the Immunocompromised Host. Washington, DC: ASM Press.

Management and Leadership

Impact of management and leadership

The aspect of management and leadership are very crucial in the success of any organization as long as they are practiced in the right manner and leadership as well as management tenets are put into proper use. These two principles cannot do without each other and they have a kind of symbiotic relationship where one cannot efficiently operate without the presence or influence of the other.

A leader is noted to be that person who has the ability to influence others in order to achieve a common goal that has been agreed upon. A true leader for that matter is one who does not have selfish interests but the interests of those whom he or she relates with and leads in the process of achieving a required goal (Woodroffe Noel, 2012).

The issue of leadership has for long been the subject of…

References

Center for Creative Leadership, (2009). Developing a Leadership Strategy: A Critical Ingredient for Organizational Success. Retrieved May 13, 2012 from http://www.ccl.org/leadership/pdf/research/LeadershipStrategy.pdf

Drew Stevens, 2003. Finish Line Leadership - Qualities for Successful Leadership. Retrieved May 13, 2012 from http://www.expertmagazine.com/EMOnline/030103/finishline.htm

George Ambler (2008). Leaders vs. Managers….. Are they really different? Retrieved May 11, 2012 from  http://www.thepracticeofleadership.net/2008/04/08/leaders-vs.-managers-are-they-really-different/comment-page-2/ 

Larry C. Spears, (2010). Character and Servant Leadership: Ten Characteristics of Effective,

Management

There are two things that concern the new facility in Walkerton and that need to be addressed. The first relates to the equipment and machines in use within the plant. As we have seen, one third of the equipment is obsolete and up to 50% will have to be renewed. However, clear steps have already been taken in this direction. The company is committed to transferring new product lines into Canada and the local government has a favorable tax treatment on the purchase of equipment. In this sense, the problem of obsoleteness may be successfully solved.

An even more serious problem, however, relates to the employees. As we have seen, and this is perhaps the best description which accounts for the current situation within the plant, the working environment reminds us of high school, only with adults. It is clear that, in order for the plant to become efficient…

Still, since it is looking to sell a property asset that is not their main residence, they will be required to pay a capital gains tax, in the amount of 18 per cent (Direct Gov). For an estimated retail price of £150,150, and a tax rate of 18 per cent, Olly Lloyd would have to pay £27,027 in taxes.

For the new employment contract, Lloyd would have to pay taxes in the amount of £5,281. The sum is decreased significantly by deductions adherent to contributions made by Olly to the pension funds (Listen to Taxman).

c) Suggestions for financial management

Leone Lloyd-Cardle is, without a doubt, facing severe problems. In order to restore the responsibility and stability of her financial decisions, the following financial management recommendations are made:

Discussing the problem with her husband. Having reached such a high level of debt indicates severe problems which cannot be overcome by…

References:

Davis, E.P., 2009, Financial stability in the United Kingdom: banking on prudence, OECD Economics Department Working Papers, No. 717,  http://www.ephilipdavis.com/uk%20financial%20stability%20oecd.pdf  last accessed on December 19, 2011

Inmann, P., 2008, Traders predict house prices will fall by 50% in four years, The Guardian,  http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2008/jun/09/housingmarket.houseprices  last accessed on December 19, 2011

2009, Residence, domicile and the remittance basis: operation changes, HM Revenue and Customs,  http://www.hmrc.gov.uk/briefs/income-tax/brief1709.htm  last accessed on December 19, 2011

2011, Tax liability, Investopedia,  http://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/taxliability.asp#axzz1gxx7hXX1  last accessed on December 19, 2011

Managing Innovation

Innovation in its simplest form can be termed as something new or newly introduced into the market. Innovation in the business field is quite necessary since it forms the backbone of a company's growth and that of the economy as a whole. Innovation is the success of every business and must be managed effectively and efficiently (Limerick, 2002).

The ever changing technology and instant global communication have made it easier for companies to find answers to some problems they encounter and more so come up with innovations to improve on the current ones. Companies are also faced with pressures arising from global competition and by this; most of them are seeking the need to manage their innovations. Companies are nowadays attracting and managing innovations by having rewards or prizes for individuals within the company who manages to come up with brilliant and innovative concepts. This will give the…

References

AFUAH, A. 2003. Innovation Management: Strategies, Implementation, and Profits, New York and Oxford, Oxford University Press.

ALEXY, O. & REITZIG, M. 2012. Managing the business risks of open innovation. McKinsey Quarterly, 17-21.

BROWN & HELEN 2008. Knowledge and innovation: a comparative study of the U.S.A., the UK, and Japan London Routledge.

DANNEELS, E. 2002. The Dynamics of Product Innovation and Firm Competences. Strategic Management Journal, 23, 1095-1121.

There are some disadvantages to the transactional leadership style, however. This style is often considered to be inferior in times of crisis when strong transformation of the business is required. Should FedEx's core business move beyond the "cash cow" stage of maturity, the company may lack the vision to radically transform itself (for example, if jet fuel costs become too high to offer overnight courier service profitably). The company has succeeded thus far with its leadership style in part because it has had the same leader for its entire history -- the ability of FedEx to develop transformational leaders has not yet been tested. In addition, the company has been able to utilize their current business model profitably since the years following its inception, and there has been no crisis that threatened this cash flow significantly.

That said, FedEx does have within its leadership style the ability to make changes…

Works Cited:

Smith, F. (2010). What the Marine Corps taught me can be seen every day in FedEx. Military.com. Retrieved August 30, 2010 from  http://www.military.com/veterans-day/famous-veterans/frederick-smith.htm 

Epstein, M. (1998). Hiring veterans: A cost-effective staffing solution. HR Magazine. Retrieved August 30, 2010 from  http://www.allbusiness.com/human-resources/workforce-management-hiring-recruitment/708916-1.html 

Row, H. (1998). The 9 faces of leadership. Fast Company. Retrieved August 30, 2010 from  http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/13/9faces.html 

MindTools.com. (2010). Leadership styles. MindTools.com. Retrieved August 30, 2010 from  http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_84.htm#transactional