Nazism and talinism: An Examination
Compare the two most cruel and inhuman dictatorships of the 20th century, Nazism and talinism

Like any regime which engages in the use of terror and violence, one can trace the roots of both Nazism and talinism as originating intensely in deep amounts of fear. Fear of modernism, fear of poverty and fear of the unknown were at the root causes of these regimes filled with hate. For many scholars, the success and rise to power of Adolf Hitler can be seen as particularly baffling. Hitler, when it comes to dictators motivated by evil, is one of the most dominant figures of our era, outshining, Mussolini and even talin as a villain, politician and strategist (eligmann). The consequences of everything that Hitler did continue to impact the thoughts and emotions of all members of humanity, particularly the Germans.

The repercussions of the Nazi regime have been intense and…...

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Seligmann, R. Why They Followed Adolf Hitler. The root cause: The Germans' fear of modernism. July 2006. 10 May 2014.

Taussig, N. Nikita Mikhalkov's Burnt by the Sun. 1996. 2014.

Trueman, C. The Great Famine. 2013. website. 2014.

The heroic past was important for both Mussolini and Hitler and the new form of heroism the two leaders demanded from the people were to be achieved exclusively thorough war, a war destined to reclaim the rights the two countries lost following their defeat in the First World War as well as a war of expansionism.

f, in order to accede to the ruling ranks of the government, Mussolini's National Fascist Party made use of the support of the monarchy, the NSDAP, Hitler's Nazi Party, rose to power and finally gained majority in the German Parliament under the circumstances of the Parliamentary Weimar Republic. Democratic elections played a part in the party's gain of the majority, but Hitler was also the beneficiary of other factors such as: economic instability as a consequence of the Wall Street Crash in the U.S. n 1929, well constructed and coordinated propaganda, directed to reach diverse…...

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If, in order to accede to the ruling ranks of the government, Mussolini's National Fascist Party made use of the support of the monarchy, the NSDAP, Hitler's Nazi Party, rose to power and finally gained majority in the German Parliament under the circumstances of the Parliamentary Weimar Republic. Democratic elections played a part in the party's gain of the majority, but Hitler was also the beneficiary of other factors such as: economic instability as a consequence of the Wall Street Crash in the U.S. In 1929, well constructed and coordinated propaganda, directed to reach diverse audiences, paramilitary forces destined to weaken and finally annihilate any forms of opposition. Both Mussolini and Hitler were appointed as prime minister respectively Reich chancellor as a result of an agreement with the head of the state: the emperor, respectively the president of the republic. They will both soon assume the uncontested and total leadership as heads of state, even if, in Italy's case, Victor Emmanuel III held his title as king of Italy until 1946. Mussolini and his fascist party made sure that he had the support of the monarchy (regardless of the motives that made the king not react against Mussolini's future actions) as well as that of the Catholic Church, through the Lateran Treaty, signed in 1929.

The right wing Nazi party was very well aware of the psychological and sociological factors present in Germany and used its knowledge of the people and the charisma of a leader like Hitler to their maximum advantage, earning the unconditional support of the whole German nation. Most political scientists and historians agree that the international factors, especially the communist menace added to the internal socio-economic factors, contributed to the chances of success of fascism and Nazism in Italy and respectively Germany between the two world wars.

Spencer Wellhofer shows a special interest in the two years prior to the political success reported by the Italian Fascist movement in 1921. In undertaking a thorough analysis of the period between 1919 and 1921 in Italy, the author underlines the major differences between

2012). Nazism. Accessed 3 May 2012.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazism

his encyclopedia-like article aims to describe the concept of Nazism from an historical perspective, educating the general public on what the general sentiments, feelings, and politics of the Nazis and the overall perspective of Nazism truly were, and of how the attitudes, values, and beliefs of Nazism came about and were able to spread in Germany and beyond. A purely descriptive methodology is used, with reference to many other historical documents and text, with the result of a comprehensive and multifaceted view of Nazism and the implications that this political and philosophical belief system has on humanity and on the trajectory of history during the twentieth century. No recommendations are made, however it is concluded that the Nazi party and Nazism are more complex and less understood than thought by many people, especially members of the general public that have not examined the issue.

Hayek,…...

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This academic book, largely inaccessible to those without a decent background knowledge of the topic, discusses the way in which authoritarian violence both allowed and was causal of the rise of Nazism and the dominance of the Nazi party in the period between the two World Wars, and specifically focusing on the use of storm troopers prior to Hitler's actual rise to full power in Germany. Extensive historical detail is provided and analyzed, with a great deal of searching through primary records form the period investigated in order to demonstrate the harbingers of Nazism before the party and its ideals were actually solidified. This gives an understanding of the way in which Nazism truly developed, not as a belief system or perspective that imposed violence, but rather as one that explicitly and directly grew out of existing political violence -- an opportune movement rather than a truly controlling one at the outset, the author concludes.

Paul, D. (1984). Eugenics and the left. Journal of the History of Ideas 45(4): 567-90.

Examining the concept of eugenics -- modifying the genetic disposition of a population and of individual offspring through a variety of means -- as a political and sociological practice, this author points out how directly the motives for eugenics can be and in fact were supplied by socialist and communist perspectives, and were not merely the domain of the far right as is often thought to be the case. A wide variety of

The Holocaust survivor recounts an important episode of his life through relating to the moment when he was asked for forgiveness by an SS member that was on his death-bed. The officer apparently wanted to repent for his sins and for the crimes that Nazis had performed against the Jewish people. In spite of the fact that he was provided with the opportunity to express his feelings regarding the situation, iesenthal chose to abstain from talking, as his feelings were most probably too strong to put across.
Immediately after the war, iesenthal got actively engaged in a campaign meant to track down and capture former Nazis. Consequent to working with the Americans for approximately two years, the Holocaust survivor opened the Jewish Historical Documentation Centre in Linz. The organization intended to come up with evidence that would be essential in prosecuting individuals who had performed war crimes. hile he did…...

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Works cited:

Wisenthal, Simon, "The sunflower: on the possibilities and limits of forgiveness," Schocken Books, 1998.

"Simon Wiesenthal," Retrieved November 21, 2011, from the Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team Website:  http://www.holocaustresearchproject.org/ghettos/wiesenthal.html

Politics
Nationalist ebirth

During the inter-war years, Nazism strengthened its populist support by emphasizing its nationalist ideology, thus drawing on the German traditions of the 19th century and gaining strength from the disillusion that had set in after the defeat in World War I. Hitler's policies for Germany included the resurgence of a Greater Germany, by instilling the German people with a renewed sense of purpose in order to inspire, "the miracle of Germany's emergence as a nation" (Berwick, 20). This rejuvenated nation would also include Austria and the German-speaking people who had been lost to Poland and Czechoslovakia in 1919. Before 1933, Hitler played on the unjustness of the Versailles Treaty and, between 1933 and 1939 repeatedly claimed that he was reasserting the national rights of Germany, which included the publicly popular issue of territorial claims (Payne, 1995). Therefore, the reoccupation of the hineland in 1936, the occupation of Czechoslovakia in…...

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References

Berwick, M. The Third Reich. London: Wayland Publishers, 1971.

Carsten, F.L. The Rise of Fascism. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd., 1970.

Eatwell, Roger. Fascism: A History. New York: The Penguin Group, 1995.

Mosse, George. The Crisis of German Ideology. New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1964.

Guido is apparently well aware of the power of love and does not hesitate to fight for the concept whenever he gets the chance to do so. He is not embarrassed with the fact that his background prevents people like him from interacting with individuals belonging to the upper social class and demonstrates that strength of character can assist him in getting through uncomfortable situations. Guido constantly uses the encounters he has with Dora, a local school teacher, as a way to declare his appreciation toward the woman. He knows that he risks greatly through stealing her from her engagement party, but he does not care, as he is willing to fight for his goals. While in the work camp, Guido is weakened but he is reluctant to abandon the fight, considering that he influences his son in believing that nothing has changed and their love compensates for the suffering…...

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Bibliography:

Dir. Benigni, Roberto. Life is Beautiful. Miramax Films, 1997.

He eventually triumphs in this endeavor, making it possible for Giosue to be extremely happy and taking his thoughts away from the unwelcoming landscape they are presented with during their stay in the labor camps.
Ferruccio's response to Guido's question regarding the reason for which the former is able to go to sleep even with the fact the latter is trying to influence him is essential in understanding Guido's attitude in wanting to entertain Dora and Giosue. "I am what I want to be" stands as motivation for everything Guido covers as a means to get to his wife and son. This statement initially assists him in declaring his love for Dora and in taking her away from what seemed to be her inevitable fate. Later on in the movie, it is partly because of Schopenhauer that Guido has little difficulties in making his son believe that the Holocaust is…...

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Works cited:

Benigni, Roberto. Life is Beautiful. Miramax Films, 1997.

Impression of the Interwar Years

Although with hindsight, it is possible to see how actions could have been taken to keep World War I from occurring, at that time the situation was like a dry forest that just needed a small flame to start the devastating fire. All the countries who were involved with World War I were completely on edge and only needed a small spark to have them make disastrous decisions. Once things were set in motion, they could not stop. Because of this, millions of people lost their lives and the countries, ironically, lost their Empires.

Why was it called the Age of Anxiety?

The war did not only destroy the Empires. It also destroyed many people's hopes and dreams. No longer could individuals rely on their government as a means of strength and support. In addition, a questioning of life's meaning and a loss of religion and faith took…...

Termination of the Republican Government in Germany in 1933
The last years of the Weimar republic were marked by even more political instability than in the previous years. On March 29, 1930, finance expert Heinrich runing had been appointed the successor of Chancellor Muller by Paul von Hindenburg after months of political lobbying by General Kurt von Schleicher on behalf of the military. The new government was expected to lead a political shift towards conservatism, based on the emergency powers granted to the Reichsprasident by the constitution, since it had no majority support in the Reichstag. After an unpopular bill to help the Reich's finances had not found the support of the Reichstag, Hindenburg established the bill as an emergency decree based on Article 48 of the constitution. On July 18, 1930, the bill was again invalidated by a slim majority in the Reichstag with the support of the Sozialdemokratische Partei…...

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By the time Bismarck had to leave the Chancellor's office in 1890, France and Russia were working to forge an alliance in both commercial and military terms. French capital markets were supplying Russian industrialization with the investment that was drying up, not least thanks to Bismarck's intervention, from the German side. The French arms industry looked to provide the Russian armies with modern equipment. Russian officers were lavishly entertained in Paris, and naval squadrons paid much-heralded visits to Le Havre and St. Petersburg. This was the "nightmare" that Bismarck had always feared, posing a threat to Germany's strategic borders in the west and to Austria's existence in the east.

Subsequent German foreign policy initiatives, notably the initiation of a large battle fleet under the naval laws of 1898 and 1900, drove Britain into diplomatic alignment (the Entente) with a Franco-Russian alliance already in the offing at the time of Bismarck's fall. "In 1912 Lord Haldane, then the British Secretary for War, hoped that, given the new correlation of forces, Germany might be willing to sign a naval agreement to limit numbers. In Berlin, however, Haldane met with stiff resistance from Tirpitz and the Kaiser: too much prestige and funds had been invested to retreat and acknowledge defeat. There was to be no arms control."

Intensified by the reign of the far more militaristic Kaiser Wilhelm II, Bismarck's legacy would contribute to the political culture in which Nazism found significant support-bases. As a result, in Germany, as in Japan and Italy, later attempts to extend democracy would succeed in establishing the unstable democracies of the Weimar Republic. Despite advances in industry and science under the Second Reich, Germany retained a despotic aspect to its character, due to

In his study of the camp doctors, he noted,
The willingness to blame Jews for Germany's troubles, making them "arch enemies of Germany." The nation was itself reduced to an abstract essence, threatened by its enemies and in need of sacred renewal and purification, through blood sacrifice if necessary. One's identity as a German, as the Nazis defined it, crowded out other possible roles. As the embodiment of this "holy, divine Reich," the Fuhrer, and not the doctors, was responsible for all that happened in the camps. Yet "even the Fuhrer could be painted as 'helpless': because the Jew's evil forced the Fuhrer to act or make war on him."

So nefarious was this hidden enemy - the Jew - that he or she was quickly seen to be responsible for every conceivable social ill, real or imagined. "Jews -- or the concept of 'the Jew' -- were equated with every…...

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Bibliography

 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=65194469 

Bailer-galanda, Brigitte. "8." In Antisemitism and Xenophobia in Germany after Unification, edited by Kurthen, Hermann, Werner Bergmann, and Rainer Erb, 174-188. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=103409458 

Bosworth, R.J.B. Explaining Auschwitz and Hiroshima: History Writing and the Second World War 1945-1990. New York: Routledge, 1994.  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=103664388 

Crew, David F. Nazism and German Society, 1933-1945. London: Routledge, 1994.  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=33602574

As displayed in the movie, Hitler has put an end to the Depression by bringing German pride back, and by having Germans work again in a prosperous society. This time, the swastika is put next to wheat on banners.
Probably uninspired at a certain moment in editing the film, when Hitler asks various laborers where they are from, Riefenstahl first shows an individual who is from Friesenland, a location of little importance for Germans.

Hitler presumably wants to put an end to discrimination between classes, as he claims that all German people should consider themselves as their Fuhrer's people. The process he wants to make work in order to unite people is none other than that of work. Hitler's strategies, along with that of Riefenstahl's make it possible for the movie to be a very convincing material. When being combined with political propaganda, art is more effective than it could ever…...

Nevertheless, in the immediate period, due to the increasing prosperity, the Republican left started to benefit from the people's trust and this was proven as well by the elections in 1928. Moreover, the coalition formed by the German's people Party with the three Republican parties was undoubtedly considered a change. However, the situation was not to last long and one year afterwards in Germany the first signs of an economic depression have made themselves felt. As a consequence, people started to mistrust the political change they had sustained and that allowed the left-wing and right-wing radicalism to gain legitimacy, a fact which led to tensions of the parties which sustained those currents of thought on the political scene. In this situation, one of the logical measures, which later determined the appearance of Fascism, was that the Socialists, under the pressure of the fear that their sustainers would embrace Communism, became…...

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Bibliography

Felix GILBERT, The end of the European Era: 1890 to the Present," W.W. Norton Company, New York, 1981 pp. 270;

AJ.P. TAYLOR, "The origins of the Second World War," Oxford university Press, 1999, 246 pp;

Stanley G. PAINE, "Fascism. Comparison and definition', Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1980;

Arthur O. LOVEJOY, "The meaning of Romanticism for the Historian of Ideas," in Franklin L. BAUMER (ed.), "Intellectual Movements in Modern European History,"New York: Macmillan, 1965;

Many businesses could no longer operate in this fashion and likely closed their doors leading to a rise in unemployment. This is an example of the rule that Hitler had on the Pre-World War II German economy. The people of the nation were completely subject to his policies and because the economy was in such a vulnerable position as a result of the First World War, that Hitler's policies were looked upon as providing assistance to the nation. The research indicates that Hitler's rule over Germany managed to counter the rise in unemployment with institution of the German Labor Service and other workforce and labor programs.
Pre-World War II Unemployment in Germany

etween January 1933 and July 1935 the number of employed Germans rose by a half, from 11.7 million to 16.9 million.

. Under the rule of Hitler, more than 5 million new jobs paying living wages were created.

The Great Depression…...

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Bibliography

Academic Dictionaries and Encyclopedias. "Expulsion of Germans after World War II." Last

updated in 2010.  http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/38667 .

Brezina, Corona. The Treaty of Versailles, 1919: A Primary Source Examination of the Treaty

That Ended World War I. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, Inc., 2006.

Europe and Germany had a long anti-Semitic history and Nazism appeared to be the best solution during the 1930s. The masses were vulnerable to being influenced and Hitler was well-acquainted with this concept. Even with the fact that it is difficult to determine his exact interests in wanting to remove Jewish people from Germany and from territories that came to be occupied by Nazis, it is very likely that he was also a victim (at least partly) of anti-Semitic thought that dominated Europe for many centuries before the Holocaust.
Numerous individuals in the contemporary society continue to believe that Jews are responsible for many problems that the world is experiencing. Even with the fact that it would be impossible for another Holocaust to happen, it is worrying to observe how many communities preserved traditional thinking and are reluctant to acknowledge the horrible effect that the Holocaust had on society in…...

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Works cited:

Bartov, Omer, "Defining Enemies, Making Victims: Germans, Jews, and the Holocaust," the American Historical Review, Vol. 103, No. 3 (Jun., 1998), pp. 771-816

Brustein, William L., "Roots of Hate: Anti-Semitism in Europe Before the Holocaust," (Cambridge University Press, 13.10.2003)

Rittner, Carol Ann, and Roth, John K., "Good News" After Auschwitz?: Christian Faith Within a Post-Holocaust World," (Mercer University Press, 2001)

Spicer, Kevin P., "Antisemitism, Christian Ambivalence, and the Holocaust," (Indiana University Press, 2007)

Moral Luck" by admitting defeat: he informs the reader that he will be assessing "a fundamental problem about moral responsibility to which we possess no satisfactory solution" (450). The problem is essentially one about ethical judgment, and he begins it with an illustration from Kant. Kant's view of the ethical will, in the quotation offered by Nagel at the outset, is one in which goodness is not determined by "what it effects or accomplishes or because of its adequacy to achieve some proposed end" (449). In other words, goodness is to be located in process, rather than in results. The reader may find it ironic, then, that Nagel begins his paper by promising us no solution whatsoever -- in his critique of Kantian ethics, Nagel seemingly requires the reader to measure Nagel's own work as a philosopher by the Kantian criterion, of admiring Nagel's will to philosophize without judging…...

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Works Cited

Nagel, Thomas. "Moral Luck." In Feinberg, Joel and Shafer-Landau, Russ (eds.) Reason and Responsibility. 12th Edition. Belmont: Wadsworth, 2004.

Title: The Holocaust: A Profound Legacy of Intolerance and Resilience

Introduction:
The Holocaust stands as an indelible scar on the conscience of humanity, a systematic campaign of extermination that extinguished millions of lives. Exploring this dark chapter in history offers a profound opportunity to learn, reflect, and work towards a future free from intolerance. This essay presents a comprehensive analysis of various aspects related to the Holocaust, delving into its historical context, the mechanisms of persecution, the experiences of victims, and the enduring legacy of remembrance and resilience.

Body Paragraph 1:
Roots of Intolerance: Examining the Historical Context
The Holocaust did not arise in a....

1. The Rise and Fall of Adolf Hitler: A Study in Tyranny

2. Hitler's Impact on World History: A Critical Analysis

3. Hitler's Leadership Style: Authoritarianism and Propaganda

4. Understanding the Psychology of Adolf Hitler: Roots of Hatred and Manipulation

5. The Holocaust and Hitler's Final Solution: Examining the Darkest Chapter of WWII

6. Hitler's Role in the Axis Powers: The Axis Pact and its Consequences

7. Hitler's Legacy: Lessons from History on Preventing Dictatorship and Genocide

8. Hitler's Military Strategy: Blitzkrieg and the World War II Campaigns

9. Hitler's Ideology: Nazism, Anti-Semitism, and the Quest for Aryan Supremacy

10. Hitler's Downfall: The Battle of Berlin and the End....