Perceptual Maps Essays (Examples)

Perceptual map is a marketing tool that is used to help place a brand in context of its competitors in terms of public perception of the brands with respect to critical industry variables (Daye, 2009). The two-dimensional nature of the map means that there are two dimensions (elements) that are evaluated. Consumer opinions about these variables and a variety of brands are taken in order to construct the map. The objective of the perceptual map is to understand how the brand's position in perceived by the public, and use this information to shape marketing strategy either to reinforce this perception or to change it.

Two major variables that people consider when purchasing a vehicle, other than price, are safety and prestige. For car buyers, safety is an important issue because of the inherent dangers in driving and the need to minimize the risk to yourself and your family. Prestige is…

Perceptual Maps

Differentiation and positioning are closely related, but they are not the same. Borna and Chapman (1993) argues that differentiation is a form of positioning, but I would argue the reverse. A product can be differentiated in a number of ways. Thorr Motorcycles are differentiated on the basis of bike features and branding, for example -- things that make Thorr bikes unique. Positioning reflects the perception of differentiation that the company pursues.

The perceptual map helps Thorr to analyze how the consumer thinks about the different points of differentiation of Thorr motorcycles and from there it can be better understand if Thorr is pursuing the right positioning. The views of consumers about the different attributes of Thorr bikes -- and whether those attributes are important or not -- help to characterize a best fit positioning for Thorr. Consumers see Thorr bikes as high quality machines with superior design, but…

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Despite the marketing plans attempts to overcome price reductions on the image of the bike, performance results showed that changes such as service or style are often viewed as too superficial to change the customer's perception of an inferior product.

Even so, CruiserThor is still outperforming the competition in terms of sales for the past year.

Phase 3

Market research indicates that CruiserThor is still perceived as an expensive motorcycle, but that is also viewed as powerfully, high quality product.

In the final phase, I assigned lifestyle image a value of 9 to reflect the market research indicating how important this parameter is to CruiserThor's consumers. I gave quality engineering a value of 8 as this is one of the product's core strengths. Further, I continued to emphasize service for the same reasons discussed previously, assigning in a value of 7. Learning the important of price on brand image…

Perceptual Maps

complete simulation login phoenix. username shannont7426 password 07071983st. click classroom tab page week 4 simulation complete assignment: Complete simulation, Using Perceptual Maps Marketing, located student website.

Simulation: CruiserThorr

The situation

The situation profiled in the case study is that of CruiserThorr, a motorcycle company that once had an illustrious reputation, but has since fallen upon hard times. CruiserThorr is known for its dominance of the 'luxury' motorcycle market, offering high-powered vehicles to baby boomers. However, these consumers are gradually 'aging out' of the motorcycle market. Either they are no longer riding at all, or they have decided not to acquire as many new vehicles as they did previously. This means that CruiserThorr must find a way to lure in younger consumers and encourage them to identify with its brand. However, these potential buyers are often a bit reluctant to purchase one of the company's vehicles because of price…

Cruiserthor

Perceptual maps

Using perceptual maps in marketing: CruiserThor

This paper will review the market situation of CruiserThor Motorcycles and examine how the introduction of a new low-cost motorcycle to its product offerings was able to change the company's brand image. CruiserThor had a market image and price tag commensurate with Harley Davidson or other large, expensive, high-power bikes. Unfortunately, consumer desires are changing and these vehicles are no longer in high demand. At the beginning of the simulation, CruiserThor had to find a way to change with the times, or be left behind its competitors.

Situation

During the first phase of the simulation, CruiserThor Motorcycles controlled 40% of the market of heavy duty motorcycles. The market environment was an oligopoly, which meant that it was dominated by a few, select companies. It was particularly well-known in the heavyweight motorcycle category. CruiserThor's dominance of the market had been carefully crafted…

Perceptual Mapping

Analysis of the CruiseThorr Perceptual Map and Market Positioning

The intent of this analysis is to evaluate the simulations involving perpetual mapping for the CruiseThorr and oth motorcycles, the latter model launched as part of this simulation. Each of the situations are described, followed by a recommended solution and results achieved. Additional questions are also answered at the end of this analysis pertaining to product differentiation, product repositioning and product lifecycles,

Analysis of Scenario-based Simulations

The initial situations, recommended solution and results of each iteration of the simulation are presented and analyzed in this section.

Situation Analysis

The first simulation begins with the CruiseThorr losing market share as younger buyers don't have the high disposable income to afford it The 21- to 35-year-old age group is interested in motorcycles yet cannot afford the CruiseThorr, and also find the model to be behind the times in terms of their…

Marketing

In a recent episode of E, a young girl -- 11 years old or so -- had been kidnapped. During recovery, she was killed. In that case, the death was caused by the hubris of an arrogant new E attending physician. But it could have been caused at any time by the kidnapper. According to Dwelle (2004), most abducted children are recovered or killed within the first 3.2 hours; any factor that could reduce the time frame during which the child is missing will reduce the chanced the child will be killed.

The facts and figures alone are powerful marketing tools for the Techno Genie. Statistics say that:

Every 40 seconds another child is reported missing.

One in every 42 children will become abducted, missing, lost or runaway.

Over 2000 children are reported missing each day

Over 725,000 reported missing children every year.

The rate of missing children has…

Marketing

Involvement

Consumer involvement refers to the amount of time, though and energy that a consumer puts into a particular purchase decision (McNamara, 2014). This can be categorized along the emotional/rational scale. So many small purchases like impulse purchases are low involvement. At the very low involvement end of the scale is something like fries with your burger -- you might not even want them, and accept the suggestion for them almost reflexively. At the high involvement end of the scale would be something like the military bidding process, or for consumers buying a house or car. A medium-involvement purchase involves at least some thought. An example might be new headphones -- it's not an impulse purchase but unless you're ad audiophile there is only so much energy you will put into that purchase.

For marketers, the optimal situation for a low involvement purchase is to reduce the search for…

Positioning

Perceptual mapping is a method by which a product can be positioned in the marketplace. It allows marketers see where the competition is positioned, which is valuable for a couple of reasons. One is that the product can be positioned in a blind spot, an area on the map where there are few competing products. The other is that the marketing team understand which competitors represent the most direct threats, and why.

The product we are mapping is a line of Coca-Cola mixed drinks. These included Coke & Rum, Whiskey & Coke and other such mixed beverages. Such products are known in Europe and are particularly common in Germany in the same premixed format that we are charged with launching. In North America, however, there is little knowledge of these products. Consumers are only familiar with drinks they have mixed themselves. Moreover, consumers are familiar with the Coke brand,…

Searches

Consumer Involvement Theory

Consumer involvement theory is the idea that products and services differ in terms of the amount of time and energy that a consumer puts into the purchase decision (McNamara, 2014). There are different levels of involvement, but for marketers it is important to know what level a given product is. For the most part, involvement level reflects the category of product, rather than the individual product itself - there is not much difference between one car and another in terms of involvement, but there is a big difference between the level of involvement between a car and a pack of gum. While involvement is on a continuum, it can roughly be divided between low, medium and high involvement products.

A low involvement product is an impulse purchase, one to which is given very little thought. These are typically products with low differentiation between attributes and low…

Burberry

According to the Boston Consulting Group, Burberry had settled into a position somewhere in between a cash cow and a dog. The market for fashion, particularly in the UK, was in a state of maturity and slow growth. The Burberry brand was successful, a trait of a cash cow, but had also grown tired, a dog trait. Thus, the brand was beginning to move in the wrong direction. The response on the part of management was to reposition in the brand so that the brand would grow, no matter what the state of the market in the UK was like.

The Ansoff Matrix breaks down a company in terms of how it can grow, with a combination of existing or new markets and existing products and new products. At Burberry, the company decided to grow using both new products and new markets, but without ignoring the traditional success of…

For Tresemme, for example, the color scheme and general layout of the package is consistent with other Tresemme products and is not specific to the dry shampoo product.

Packaging -- Recommended

Given that the pricing need not change, the package size does not need to change either. The layout and color tone are dictated by the overall branding of Tresemme so are going to be difficult to change. Two aspects of the packaging can change, however. The first is the shape of the package, which should be changed to convey to the consumers that this is a different product from Fresh Start. The second is that the package should have a different name (not Fresh Start) and should impress upon the consumer that it is a new product. The new selling proposition "unique" should also be incorporated into the text of the packaging.

Target Market -- Recommendations

It is recommended…

Company

Apple is a personal electronics manufacturer and marketers. The company competes in personal computers, mp3 players, tablet computers, software and smartphones (Apple.com, 2011). Apple has improved revenues and profits rapidly of late (Apple, 2011). Apple is financially strong with a great balance sheet (MSN Moneycentral, 2011) and strong brand loyalty (ithers, 2008). The company's stock is currently trading at very high multiples because of its multi-year track record of hit product launches, its lack of slowdown during the recession and the company's continued ability to resonate with consumers. Apple's entrant into smartphones is the iPhone. Apple holds 25% share of the market, good for third place behind Android and Blackberry (Blodget, 2011). Apple just introduced its latest model smartphone, the iPhone 4.

Product Description

The iPhone 4 is the latest incarnation of Apple's iPhone line of smartphones. The smartphone market is divided by operating system, rather than device manufacturer.…

Devise P and marketing strategies to earn greater trust, typing their performance back to the perceptual maps as a measure of performance. This is also a critical step as it will show the progress over time of selected marketing and P strategies to gain greater trust and credibility back.

Develop Voice of the Customer Programs and aggressively pursue getting channel members involved. Getting customers to have a sense of ownership over the products and also showing the willingness to act on their feedback is also critical for getting the company trusted again, and also ensuring product strategies are aligned with customer needs.

Initiate a Partner elationship Management system to measure the financial implications of both the recall and marketing strategies on the performance of channel partners and resellers.

eferences

Associated Press, (2007). Mattel issues new massive China toy recall. etrieved October 9, 2007, from MSNBC Web site: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/20254745/

CM Buyer…

Business Drivers

Multidimensional scaling and factor analysis are a couple of different statistical techniques that can be used to understand the drivers of a business. MDS is a technique that renders multiple data points in a relational manner -- data points that end up closer to one another are expressed visually as such, while those that are fairly far from each other in the key variable are expressed as being far. Factor analysis seeks to learn look at a set of different variables and identify the latent variable. This is the underlying variable that is driving the other variables, something that has a lot of value for a business.

Multidimensional Scaling

Multidimensional scaling is "a set of data analysis techniques that display the structure of distance-like data as a geometrical picture" (Young, 1985). There are a number of different techniques as part of multidimensional scaling, and this paper will outline…

Theory

Consumer Behavior

The success or failure of an organization unreservedly depends upon the behavior of consumers towards its products or services (Kotler, 2010). Consumers have now become more knowledgeable and conscious towards choosing and consuming products. They do not just buy a product; but make a relationship with that brand and the manufacturer of that product (Oliver, 1999). This relationship reflects their consumption patterns and brand preference. This is the fact which business organizations must recognize about consumer behavior (Farley, 1964). To stumble upon this consumer behavior, organizations use different marketing and promotional strategies to stay competitive within their respective industries. In this way, they explore what is their potential target market and what they can do to meet these consumption demands (Kotler, Brown, Burton, Deans, & Armstrong, 2010).

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the behavior of consumers towards the products offered by one of the…

The effectiveness of promotional strategies is highly dependent on their ability to resonate and be relevant to the target audiences over time (Reference). This is the basis of the research being undertaken; to determine which promotional tools and strategies are the most effective in attracting, training and retaining the most talented and motivated volunteers for the London 2012 Olympic Games.

The following are the aims and objectives of this analysis. The primary objective of this study is to determine which promotional tools are the most effective in recruiting and retaining volunteers. In support of this objective, the following goals are defined:

a. To understand and segment the volunteer population in westernized nations including the UK, and determine the characteristics of these markets as they relate to volunteering for events.

b. To determine the psychographic attributes of each group as they relate to propensity to participate, contribute and assist in keeping…

The rating scale is 1 to 7 with 1 representing "I don't like this at all" and 7 "I like this a lot." Each candy bar's average rating across judges is used as a point in a scatterplot with nine points. The scatterplot looks like the constellation Orion. It also looks like a pattern described by two dimensions, sweet and salty. The stress statistic for two dimensions has an acceptable value, but not as good as when a third dimension is added. The third dimension appears to one of texture: creamy vs. crunchy.

As Borgatti (1997) observed, there are two things to look for in interpreting an MDS map: clusters and dimensions. An inspection of the clusters of points reveals that highest average rating seems distant from the other eight and falls in the region describable as somewhat sweet, not very salty, and partly crunchy (Snickers). The lowest rating, which…

idgeCorp III

There a number of techniques for performing multivariate analysis. These include factor analysis, multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis. The first of these, factor analysis, is used to determine "something about the nature of the independent variables that affect the dependent variables," without actually measuring the independent variables (Darlington, n.d.).

DeCoster (1998) notes that there are two types of factor analysis: exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. As DeCoster points out "Factor analyses are performed by examining the pattern of correlations (or covariances) between the observed measures. Measures that are highly correlated are likely influenced by the same factors."

An example in the real world is outlined by Goldberg (n.d.). In this example, an energy company wanted explanations for trends in customer energy usage. The study featured sixteen different factors ranging from bill services to cost/rates issues to type of house. This example is not very good, because…

TNT is a multinational company specializing in the express service delivery. The company delivers parcel, document, and mail to its customers domestically and globally. Following the global recession, competitions, and recent development in the electronic message delivery, the company has recorded a decline in the profits delivered to the shareholders in the last few years. This document develops a marketing plan to improve the company sales and boost the revenue. The marketing plan will target Netherlands, the UK, and North America. The marketing plan will also target the emerging countries such as China, India and South America. The brand positioning will be used as promotion strategy where company will use its strong brand to differentiate itself from the competitors. Moreover, TNT will employ 7Ps (Product, Price, Promotion, People, Place, Process and Physical Evidence) as the marketing mix. TNT will use brand technique to differentiate its products in the market and…

Marketing Analysis Strategies and Techniques

Keeping products and services relevant to the rapidly changing needs of prospects and customers is a daunting task. The need for keeping products accurately positioned as customers' needs change, continually evaluating and fine-tuning competitive position, monitoring and evaluating customer perceptions are all critical for creating a cohesive strategic marketing plan (Silverblatt, Korgaonkar, 1987). Distribution channels also must be continually evaluated and analyzed as to their effectiveness in serving customers and delivering profitable operations to a company as well. The intent of this analysis is to identify the different types of analysis used by marketers to determine product positioning, competitive position, customer perceptions, and distribution channel analysis.

Product Positioning

The essence of effective product positioning strategies take into account the value delivered by a company with its products and services, how they differ from direct competitors and substitutes, while taking into account the motivations and unmet…

Samsung Cell Phone Market Segmentation

Samsung cell phones have a competitive advantage over most competitors based on the outstanding characteristics such as the apps support, size, the weight, the ability to retain the charge, the number of games it supports, the possibility of paying for gams and install, the aesthetics, the internal memory and the camera quality among other things.

Segmentation

The Samsung cell phone will target two main segments; the trendy young professionals getting into the job market and secondly, the professional middle aged men with a few years of experience in the job market.

Geographic variables in this market segmentation include the rural areas as well as the urban regions where the population is high. These are areas where both the young professionals and the middle aged professionals can be found establishing themselves in various employment sectors or setting up their own businesses.

Psychographic variables considered here are…

In tems of image and maket chaacteistic eseach this would need to be entiely done fom a pimay eseach pespective, assuming CoffeeTime is inteested only in thei specific bands' image and maket chaacteistics. Thee ae seconday data studies howeve available fo these attibutes fom a boade standpoint. CoffeeTime's stategic needs fo infomation needs to dictate this decision.

Pat 2:

Finally, what additional stategy (o vaiation on a given stategy) would you ecommend to the key decision make in the simulation to solve the challenge given? Pepae a 350-wod memo to the simulation's key decision make advocating you ecommendation.

Based on the initial analysis completed of the Indian maket fo coffee consumption, thee is a futhe seies of eseach stategies needed to moe fully intepet and espond to coffee consumption though India. The steps equied fom a eseach plan pespective ae as follows:

Focus goups in Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Bangaloe, Pune…

Hamilton Island produces a wide array of entertainment that comes in many shapes and forms. The latest addition to the activity list is a nine-pin bowling alley that aims to provide endless family fun. And to top it off, other attractions the island will boast this year will include the Australian Ballet and the Great Barrier Feast event. (2009, p. 37)

Moreover, beyond the innovative use of social media networks to promote their campaign, Tourism Queensland also ensured the international mainstream media would be included in their media mix. For instance, Nolan empirically reports that during his visit to the island preparatory to the announcement of the finalist, international interest in the competition was at a frenzied level: "When I left Hamilton Island the following afternoon, it already was gearing itself up for next Wednesday's announcement. U.S. TV crews, the Aussie networks, the BBC et al. are flying in to…

Conversely when respondents see the risk as being controllable and to an extent observable, the factor of interest would inversely correlate to the knowledge of risk axis while clustering on the controllable vs. uncontrollable risk vertical axis, settling into the region of the quadrant where motorcycles, fireworks and alcohol accidents are. Again this is an approximation yet is the strength of psychometrics overall and the use of orthogonality to enforce validity and reliability is shown in this example.

In terms of communication of risk statement, it's clear from psychometrics that the more known a risk can become with credible, third-party data that accurately portrays its true threat in conjunction with an accurate measure of how controllable a risk is or not, equitability and individuality of risk, and the risk not being globally catastrophic would minimize risks as analyzed using the psychometric paradigm as defined in Figure 1 and throughout the…

Buyer Behavior and Communication Strategies

Applied Management

The Toyota Motor Corporation

The Toyota Corporation, a Japanese organization of automotives, is popular for the successful innovations and manufacture of the Toyota vehicles and other products. The Toyota vehicles have many profound advantages and benefits. The Toyota users, who are beneficiaries, have agreed that the Toyota product has always observed the sustainability issues, of economical use, society and the care of the environment. Toyotas vehicles are designed in favorable state that is to ensure they are not privy to encouraging of the rapid depletion of the scarce resources of nature. The most recognized benefit of the automotive is, therefore, its ability in preventing any degradation of the environment, including pollution. The production of the suitable vehicles has made Toyota a company is reputable, for its endless effort of stabilizing Japan's economy, as a result of reducing environmental costs. Environmental costs have always…

Through the use of better marketing strategies and advertisements that are appealing to the customer, the executives use stimuli to grab the attention of the customer ("Consumers Behavior," n.d.). In most cases, such kinds of efforts by the executives are usually vividly clear and identified by the customers. Furthermore, executives can make better marketing and advertising decisions by understanding that customers are sometimes influenced by indiscernible stimuli which is also known as subliminal message. This is regardless of the fact that a customer only pays attention to few of the stimuli that he/she comes into contact with and usually interprets the messages he/she can recall.

Secondly, perception is important to executives in making better marketing and advertising decisions since it helps in devising marketing strategies. Executives make better marketing and advertising decisions by the use of a perceptual map which helps them to identify the characteristics that customers associate with…

0 technologies in ensuring a higher level of voter participation and voting over time (Laslier, Van der Straeten, 2008).

From the PEPS metric and the traceability of Web 2.0-based participation as shown on techpresident.com, a scorecard can be created that predicts the level of voter participation based on the effectiveness of campaign strategies candidates create to capitalize on Web 2.0-based technologies. The use of stratification techniques and Web analytics also make it possible to predict on a location-by-location basis the level of voter participation as well (Cebula, Toma, 2006). What is beginning to occur is the integration of business intelligence based on the data available through Web-based data capture and measurement techniques being analyzed through metrics that have been empirically derived and proven to support the measurement of voter participation (Moon, Birdsall, Ciesluk, Garlett, 2006).

Further adding insight and intelligence to the analysis of voter participation and segmentation into audiences,…

session long project. Thank ! Case 1 Let's start assignments class examining structure passenger airline market. Market structure analysis requires a supply demand side market, case, airline passengers airline companies.

Airline industry

Identify key external factors that affect the passenger airline industry and explain how that impact occurs

The airline industry is affected by a number of cultural and economic factors. The price of fuel has an obvious impact upon the input costs of airlines, and will affect their ability to slash prices. Cultural factors include the fears about travel after 9/11 and also seasonal variation in demand, such as the sharp upturn in travel during holidays and vacations vs. slow seasons. Other cultural factors include changes in technology: business travelers are traveling less because they can often conduct their operations online, versus in face-to-face meetings. Environmental factors like major weather events also affect the airlines. Internal factors such as…

Samsung Cell Phones

Segmentation

The first distinct market segment for Samsung is the enterprise market, which is primarily regarded as employee phones market. This market segment has grown tremendously in the past few years and businesses incorporate phones into work processes. The segment contains the working class population with different income, age, and of different gender. The population is in different geographic and can be segmented through user status for employees who are looking for ways of enhancing work processes. The second market segment for Samsung cell phones is the early adopter market, which comprises of children or technically ignorant or naive customers. This segment contains children who are looking for phones to play with or individuals seeking for easy-to-use phones. The behavioral segmentation of this market is user status since it's made of first-time users or technically ignorant users who are usually found within the home setting. The individuals…

Apple iWatch (New Product Launch)

Product / Service

Target Market

Apple iWatch (New Product Launch)

Apple iWatch (New Product Launch)

Marketing Channels

Apple Inc. uses both direct and indirect marketing channels for its product offerings including the Apple iWatch. The company uses three different direct marketing channels one of which is the Apple Online Store where the channels take the form of: Producer - Consumer. The second direct channel is using the different Apple Stores where only Apple Products are sold directly to the consumer, which also takes the similar form of Producer -Consumer. The third direct marketing channels takes the form of strategic channel alliances where Apple products are sold in a store within a store. The Apple personnel sell Apple products in a retail store within Comp USA. This marketing channel takes the form of: Producer-etailer-Consumer (Mohr et al., 2010).

The indirect marketing channels take into account the…

Apple iWatch (new product launch)

Offering

The iWatch has two sets of prices. The 38mm model is cheaper in comparison with the 42 mm offering. The iWatch is more functional as the product provides the user with several utility services. It not only tells time but also offers different services such as making phone calls, provide fitness applications, checking in for a flight, and many more (Swider and Beavis, 2015). The tangible aspects of the product include its design in the form of having a sleek interface of the watch, in addition to two different watch sizes of 38mm and 42 mm. On the other hand, the intangible features of the product include its quality. It is impossible to match the quality of the products provided by the company. In addition, the iWatch works in tandem with the iPhones. The intangible attribute lies with the operating system of the Apple…

Dilmah Tea

Stakeholder Analysis

Customer Segments

There are two ways of looking at Dilmah's customers. The buyers -- to whom Dilmah sells -- are the supermarkets and wholesalers that carry the tea. The other customer group is the end user. Tea is a mass market product that is consumed by a broad swath of the population, and to the extent that there is a definable "typical" demographic for tea consumption, this will vary by market. Initially, the company experienced difficulty in attracting interest from supermarket chains, which would then have had to utilize a push strategy to convince consumers to buy the tea. Over time, however, Dilmah was able to build its brand, making it more attractive to both supermarkets and consumers.

The global hot beverages market is worth $69.77 billion and the two major segments (coffee and tea) are both growing (PR eb, 2011). The growing demand, combined with…

"Mere" exposure means that the stimulus is presented without any external motivators such as rewards or difficulties connected to it (Terry, 2006, p.42). Interestingly, it has been found that the preference affect is not connected to a conscious memory of the stimulus (p.43).

It has also been found that brief exposure often produces a more positive response than long exposures. One of the reasons why mere exposure makes a stimulus more pleasing is that an excess of habituation may cause boredom, whereas its absence may produce a type of fear that is associated with the unfamiliar. Brief exposure then provides enough time for the recipient to become familiar with the stimulus without being bored by it and therefore losing interest.

On the other hand, it is difficult to quantify the effect of varied stimuli upon the mind. A given stimulus event can for example indicate multiple and conflicting results in…

From the experiences, I have had in organizations that work to combine autonomy, mastery and purpose, the level of performance goes up and becomes the new norm of corporate performance. The many studies of motivation underscore that when autonomy, mastery and purpose are combined, long-term learning and motivation occur (amsey, 2010). The communication networks and channels within organizations are accentuated and made more effective when these three attributes become the foundation of long-term learning and growth over time.

In conclusion, the culture, incentive, and leadership within a given organization have a major impact on the effectiveness of communication networks and channels within organizations. When there is a transformational mindset about aggregating content, data and information then transforming it from a system of record to competitive advantage, companies can use their expertise to compete more effectively. In many respects, this ability to compete more effectively based on better use of information…

The Web Accessibility Initiative (W3C) specifically concentrates on defining the intersection between usability for those who are handicapped, the elderly, and those that are faced with limitations in terms of being able to get online. The reliance on ISO Standard 9241-11 (Green, Pearson, 2006) defines the extent to which there are uniformity in the design of graphical interfaces and the use of consistently of navigational aids in the form of buttons, structure of menus, and accessibility of taxonomies including support for multiple entry points and roles-based access and use of the content on the website.

PAT B- Which of the above do you feel would be most usable and appropriate for an increasingly large population of older users. Why? Give your reasons.

Of all the techniques defined within Part a of this paper, the VAK-based methodology, with its support of multiple catalog types and structures of data through variation in…

Biological and Psychological Basis of Learning and Memory:

The human brain is the core of each function of the body that controls operational learning and memory and the interdependence of each of the concepts. The way with which the brain functions is basically referred to as neural processes that are linked to learning and memory. The link between learning and memory is evident through the fact that learning takes place when memory is stirred while memory is stimulated after the learning process has occurred. Notably, every process that characterizes human activity originates from the brain because it's the center of each functioning part of the body. Actually, Wickens (2005) stated that learning cannot take place without memory though some memories can be inborn such as indispensable reflexes and intuitions (p.260). This implies that the learning process is intricately intertwined with memory through a procedure that is continually transformed and updated…

Windy McNernev and obert West (2007), both with the University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, India, explain that returning the DVD while running errands depicts an illustration of effective prospective memory. Substantial documentation signifies that in various instances, the accessibility of one's effective memory ability or attentional resources can be vital for the comprehension of deferred intentions.

ichard L. Marsh, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, Jason L. Hicks, Louisiana State University, Baton ouge, Louisiana and Gabriel I. Cook (2006), University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, examine whether ask interference, having an intention, creates a cost to other ongoing activities. In the journal article, "Task interference from prospective memories covaries with contextual associations of fulfilling them," Marsh, Hicks and Cook report contemporary research indicates that particular intentions held over the shorter term interfere with other tasks. As the collective effect of such costs would prove prohibitively costly in everyday life, Marsh, Hicks…

Millions of dollars are spent on test-prep manuals, books, computer programs and worksheets (Gluckman, 2002). Static/captive learning can help teachers around the nation prepare their students for standardized testing.

Significance of the Study to Leadership

A principal is the leader of the campus. The challenge for the principal is to know his or her district's mandated curriculum and make sure teachers are able to deliver it (Shipman & Murphy, 2001). As the key decision-maker for the use of time and space, principals must be aware of how the use of time and space affects instruction. Principals need to know how best to use assessment data based on relevant content standards with teachers, school communities. Improved student learning is always the focus of assessment.

ecause of high stakes testing, teachers are always assessing to monitor student progress and plan the scope and sequence of instruction. Principals can work to structure school…

interviews and surveys with women offenders who are inmates in the aylor Correctional Institution form the foundation of this discussion of data analysis and report writing. The revised research questions accentuate the need for a greater balance of qualitative and quantitative research to ensure as complete and accurate a research methodology is executed. The first phase of the study concentrates on a more thorough analysis of the qualitative factors that influence the outcomes of every research question. The second phased concentrates on the use of attitudinal scaling at the interval or ratio level of measurement so that multidimensional scaling (MDS) can be used to define perception- and attitudinal-based maps of how and why trigger events lead to lapses on drug tolerance. The use of MDS techniques to determine the relative level of self-awareness and attitudes towards specific treatment strategies is commonplace in social science, and often provides insights into interrelationships…

Stimuli will be 'better' exemplars of a category the more closely related they are to the category's exemplars (Dopkins & Gleason, 1997, p.1). Categories are "mentally represented simply as collections of exemplars; categories themselves have no independent representation" and there is no prototype (Dopkins & Gleason, 1997, p.3).

In prototype theory, the prototype of a category does not have to correspond to an actually perceived exemplar but can exist as an "abstract, idealized prototype" (Mobius 2004, p.11). This is a "controversial assumption" given that it assumes a level of abstract, one could higher-order thinking that is arguably only be present in the minds of individuals with certain types of education, past a particular developmental stage, or of particular cultural mindsets (Mobius 2004, p.11).

Exemplar theory has also been called 'cloud' theory in that each category of exemplars is represented in memory by a "cloud of remembered exemplars" (Mobius 2004, p.3).…

Filter Bubble

A Review of hat the Internet Is Hiding From You

This paper reviews the book, The Filter Bubble: hat the Internet is Hiding from You, by Eli Pariser. The purpose of this paper is to analyze this book in an attempt to determine where the future of the internet is headed. The Filter Bubble begins with an overview of how Google began customizing its search results for intent users in 2009 and the results of that customization. The author hypothesizes that the future of the net is personalization. This is the undertone of the entire work. Follow up pieces by the Economist, including several supporting articles, suggest that personalization is indeed the future of the internet. These articles, while not cited by page number as they are online, do show that personalization is occurring. This however, is leading to decreased privacy over the web. This is a primary…

Rhythmic Activities

Facilitate Shared Leadership and Team Flow?

Management literature is rife with advice on how to engage teams of workers in their tasks, how to get teams to cooperate, and how to build cultural identity as a company. Historically, humans have used group rhythmic tasks to solidify affiliation in religious, cultural, and military settings (iltermuth & Heath, 2009). Traditional team-building approaches have focused largely on the content or style rather than the form of team-building exercises (Midura & Glover, 2005), but new research in the shared leadership model of team dynamics suggests that formal elements that promote cognitive fluency - or "flow" - between team members produce more innovative results and heighten trust within a team (Makowski & Breman, 2008). Research on fluency shows that it is a key element in building rapport and effective shared leadership (Hooker & Czikszentmihalyi, 2003; iltermuth & Heath, 2009). This research probes the…

Early Childhood Special Education Curriculum, Instruction and Methods Projects

This beginning chapter delineates education to the young children with special needs. In particular, early childhood special education mirrors impact and acclaimed practices resultant from the special education and early childhood fields. In the present, emphasis that is laid on early childhood does not encompass whether these young children can be provided with special needs service in typical settings but focus is rather on how the design of these inclusive programs can be most efficacious. Therefore, taking this into consideration, it is necessary to have early intervention for children with disabilities. However, an important element that is delineated in the chapter is that in as much as these children have special needs, they ought not to be treated in a dissimilar manner. The programs of early intervention for kids and preschoolers with special needs have to be centered on the similar…

Reading The Sound and the Fury can be frustrating for the reader, particularly the reader who is used to the linear march of time and the orderly unfolding of the events. Classic chronology provides a sense of order and a sense of time for the reader. They can easily relate to their own experience and concept of the passage of time. Faulkner steps into an uncomfortable area for many readers, making his work difficult to follow in terms of linearity. It appears as if he is randomly leaping off in different directions with no sense of purpose or direction at time. However, if we look at the way in which time acts as a character one can glean a different perspective of time and gain a glimpse into the eternal nature of time. Jean-Paul Sartre explains that, "A fictional technique always relates back to the novelist's metaphysics" (Sartre). Such is…

" (Kinnunen, 2004) the work of Kaplan and Schroar (2003) states findings that the past performance is highly relative to capitals flows to private equity funds.

The work of Mishra, Kemmerer, and Shenoy entitled: "Managing Venture Capital Investment Decisions: A Knowledge-ased Approach" relates the building of a causal map of the investment decision through use of interviewing venture capitalists and then converting this information into a "causal ayes net" which are stated to be "especially suited for domains characterized by a high degree of uncertainty." (Mishra, Kemmerer, and Shenoy, 2001) This technique has also been utilized in developing artificial intelligence and even used "in medical diagnosis, modeling portfolio risk and return, and new product development..." And are based on "probability theory." (Mishra, Kemmerer, and Shenoy, 2001) This method is reported to be one that increases the likelihood of gaining an understanding of the decision-making process of Venture Capitalists (VCs) and…

..now requires understanding and manipulating the processes used to create messages in the modern world" (Adams & Hamm, 2000, p. 22) in fact the student is expected to be able to decode the information from various types of media. However the equally important point is also made that this expanding definition of what literacy comprises does not "...diminish the importance of traditional reading and writing skills; rather, it recognizes the increasing importance of information and communication technology" (Adams & Hamm, 2000, p. 22).

This is an important caveat to the enthusiastic embrace of modern technology and visual aspects of modern teaching. In other words, while visual literacy has become more important and while this aspect is closely linked to the use of modern technological tools such as computer, yet the basics of teaching and education should not be forgotten. Of equal importance however is the view that; "Today's students live…

46). Likewise, Gillispie suggests that an incremental approach can be used to "test the waters" for even very small companies seeking to project an internationalized presence. In this regard, Gillespie recommends that companies, "Craft a scaleable master design that represents the major aspects of your business worldwide and anticipates the degree of localization that will be required in each market. The degree of localization can have a real impact on budgets and timelines" (2008, p. 45). These are important factors for companies in general where limited resources and a lack of experience may preclude more aggressive internationalization initiatives, and these issues are directly related to a company's internal resources as discussed further below.

Internal resources

The company has a wide range of specialized internal resources which are described in Table 2 below.

Table 2

Internal resources of BG Limited

Business Unit

Description

Specialist Cleaning

BG's Specialist Cleaning division offers a…

Leadeship Skills Impact Intenational Education

CHALLENGES OF INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION

Pactical Cicumstances of Intenational schools

THE IMPORTANCE OF LEADERSHIP IN EDUCATION

What is Effective Leadeship fo Today's Schools?

Challenges of Intecultual Communication

Challenges of Diffeing Cultual Values

Impotance of the Team

Leadeship Style

LEADERSHIP THEORIES

Cuent Leadeship Reseach

Tansfomational Leadeship

Skills-Authoity

Contingency Theoies

APPLYING LEADERSHIP IN AN INTERNATIONAL SETTING

Wagne's "Buy-in" vs. Owneship

Undestanding the Ugent Need fo Change

Reseach confims what teaches, students, paents and supeintendents have long known: the individual school is the key unit fo educational impovement, and within the school the pincipal has a stong influence upon the natue of the school, the conditions unde which students lean, and upon what and how much they lean. Despite this ageement about the cental ole of the pincipal, thee is little eseach concening the chaacteistics of pincipals associated with effective leadeship and with pupil accomplishment, and even less insight…

However, while it is tempting to claim genetic influences as superior to environmental ones, there is still a great debate over whether and individual can overcome their genetics setbacks or be enhanced by their genetic superiority. The former is often achievable as in the case of the addict who has recovered from their addiction, the latter brings us to the morally trepidatious ground of eugenics where by genetic engineering can enhance the good traits and limit the bad traits. The problem there is who decides which traits to keep or loose? Usually decisions left up to a higher authority.

eferences

Gesell, A., Thompson, H., & Strunk, C. (1938). The Psychology of Early Growth: Including Norms of Infant Behavior and a Method of Genetic Analysis. New York: Macmillan.

Jang, K.L. (2005). The Behavioral Genetics of Psychopathology: A Clinical Guide. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Johnson, A. (2003, February). The Genetic Key…

The core competencies identified for this paper include: (1) data management (2) personnel management (3) strategic planning and (4) the ability to create technological innovation. ealistically speaking, a company must integrate all of its capabilities to assess its position in the market, and to determine which if any of its core competencies it must work on developing further to maintain a stable position in a volatile workplace. The computer industry is constantly evolving and changing. To be a leader in the industry one might guess the most important core capability for a computer company to have is innovative leaders and the ability to create and easily adapt to new technology.

With a foundation that includes core capabilities as data management, strategic planning and personnel management, a company could easily do this without hardship.

eferences

Aung, M. & Heeler, . (2001, Aug). "Core competencies of service firms: A framework for strategic…

According to him, a theory of intelligence can be adequately mapped with three components: analytic (academic) intelligence, creative intelligence, and practical intelligence. This theory accounts for both cognition and context is also referred as Sternberg's "triarchic" theory of human intelligence.

According to Sternberg, intelligence has three aspects. These are not multiple intelligences, as in Gardner's scheme. Where Gardner viewed the various intelligences as separate and independent, Sternberg posited three integrated and interdependent aspects of intelligence. These aspects relate intelligence to what goes on internally within a person, to what goes on in the external world, and to experience, which mediates between the internal and external worlds.

The first aspect consists of the cognitive processes and representations that form the core of all thought. Sternberg distinguished three kinds of processes: those involved in deciding what to do and in deciding how well it was done, those involved in doing what one…

powerful connection between visuals and words in storytelling. Before doing the research to write this essay, it never occurred to me place words in a hierarchy above images, so I confess to some surprise at the debate over which should be considered more important. I began my research with the premise that the two are equal; different yes, but equal certainly. And nothing that I discovered in my survey of literature on the subject has changed my mind.

The saying "A picture is worth a thousand words" sums up the debate over the relative importance of images vs. words. This statement was clearly made by someone who believes in the primacy of images. Based on my research, however, it would seem that proponents of the position that images are more important to communication than words appear to be in the minority.

There is no question that Sandra Martin believes that…

Adults ith Learning Disabilities

It has been estimated (Adult with Learning Disabilities) 1 that 50-80% of the students in Adult Basic Education and literacy programs are affected by learning disabilities (LD). Unfortunately, there has been little research on adults who have learning disabilities, leaving literacy practitioners with limited information on the unique manifestations of learning disabilities in adults.

One of the major goals of the (Adult with Learning Disabilities) 1 National

Adult Literacy and Learning Disabilities Center (National ALLD Center) is to raise awareness among literacy practitioners, policy makers, researchers, and adult learners about the nature of learning disabilities and their impact on the provision of literacy services. This fact sheet provides: a definition of learning disabilities in adults; a list of common elements found in many useful LD definitions; and a list of areas in which LD may affect life situations of adults.

Background

In 1963, the term "learning…

real problems faced by real people in the world, it might seem foolish to analyze a fictitious character. But sometimes it is easier to understand human nature when we look to art or fiction, in part because art provides us with some needed distance at times and in part because fictitious characters are often relatively pure distillations of character types. This is the case with the character of Grace from the television show "Grace Under Pressure." This paper provides an analysis of this character using first the Adlerian therapy model, then analyzing her through a behavior model and then finally suggesting a treatment plan for a person with the profile of Grace.

Grace's character - to begin with a thumbnail of her - is presented in the series as a no-nonsense, take-no-guff survivor of a bad marriage that was often abusive (at least in psychological terms). After eight years of…

Community Teaching Plan

Community Teaching Work Plan Proposal

Directions: Develop an educational series proposal for your community using one of the following four topics which was chosen within your CLC group:

Bioterrorism/Disaster

Environmental Issues

Primary Prevention/Health Promotion

Secondary Prevention/Screenings for a Vulnerable Population

Planning Before Teaching:

Estimated Time Teaching Will Last:

Three 2-hour sessions

Location of Teaching:

Athens Community Health Department

Supplies, Material, Equipment Needed:

Laptop; digital projector; screen

Estimated Cost:

Community and Target Aggregate:

Athens Community Health Department, Athens, Georgia

Secondary Prevention/Screenings for a Vulnerable Population

Session I: Sources of Vulnerability

Session II:Implications for Healthcare Providers

Session III: Innovative Practice; Gordon's Functional Health Patterns Assessment

Epidemiological ationale for Topic (statistics related to topic):

The literature on vulnerable people clearly indicates that the special needs of these populations and the ubiquitous barriers to quality care access lead to traceable disparities in the provision of healthcare and in their health outcomes…

This is significant, because it is showing how the best pilots will use the various tools on the aircraft to gain a greater understanding of the situation. (Drury, 2008)

Types of UAVs

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (2010), discusses the different kinds of UAVs that the military has been using. The most notable include: the Pioneer, the Tactical UAV, Global Hawk, Predator and Dragon just to name a few. These different aircraft are significant, because they are highlighting some of the various kinds of surveillance purposes that this used for. ("Unmanned Aerial Vehicles," 2010)

As a result, the information from this source is helpful, because it identifies some of the different kinds of aircraft that are being used. When you put these elements together, they are highlighting how this could contribute to pilot error by: illustrating how they may not have the experience in conducting various kinds of surveillance missions. ("Unmanned Aerial…

Human Learning and Cognition

The past decade has seen several experiments done to reveal that people are capable of tracking several independently moving objects. A number of the experiments had been carried out under controlled environments focusing on guessing strategies and they revealed performance patterns that vary qualitatively from the ones that would otherwise be indicated by serial scanning algorithms (Block & Gruber, 2014).

The results of these experiments indicated that an attention spreading zoom lens model would not account for the realized data. The regions both inside the convex and outside showed no significant difference in performance on detecting any changes happening to the elements of the targets (Block & Gruber, 2014).

Some interesting properties have come up in "pre-conceptual" tracking (Block and Hancock, 2013). For instance, there can be disruption to tracking by the disappearance and then reappearance of individual objects for a few milliseconds regardless of the…

Figure 2: Using the BCG Growth/Share Matrix To Evaluate Eleftria Market Opportunities

Star Products

Question Marks

Cash Cows

Dogs

Source: (Anantachart, 2004)

3.3

e-retailing metrics

The e-retailing objectives for Eleftria Athletic shoes and their plans for attaining them are defined here. The first objective is to create an e-retailing strategy that capitalizes on multi-channel management, meaning that e-retailing site will be accessible over the Web, through specialized interfaces on Blackberries and PDAs, and also will have telephone ordering as well. The second objective is to create a completely integrated e-retailing system that connects to pricing, catalogs of shoe components, suppliers to validate the shoes being designed can be built, and shoe costs to ensure when compared to pricing the can be produced at a profit. This back-end system integration needs to be real-time as it allows for greater levels of responsiveness to the customer has a result. The third objective…

Along with these understanding it also has proven experience with regard to the operations of international business as well as franchising. Currently, the team has attained and redefined all the essential know-how, from that of the fast food and health matters to that of branding as well as marketing, for the massive extension of the Chinese-American food. While several clients are depending on the food service industry for healthy meals which has good taste, they are also revealing a unique liking for ethnic cuisines, particularly Asian. The research conducted in the U.S. shows that over 40% of the population have shown their interest in gaining accessibility to the Asian quick service restaurants. And inside the Asian food category of the restaurant industry, Chinese-American cuisine is considered to be one of rapidly demand growing item. Considering all the markets; the maximum sales as well as growth potentiality remains with the new…