The Impact of Neighborhood Safety on Physical Activity Rates and Incidence of Obesity Diabetes
Cunningham-Myrie, C., Theall, K., Yonger, N., et al. (2015). Associations between neighborhood effects and physical activity, obesity, and diabetes: The Jamaica
Sociological Aspects of Elementary Age Children\'s Physical Activity
Physical activity patterns among children are affected by aspects pertaining to individual, school, and community levels. At the individual level, physical activity participation is highest among boys, and socioeconomic differences are less consistently reported. Some degree of socialization is necessary for voluntary participation in physical activity to occur. For most children especially of grade 1, grade 2 and kindergarten, the major agents of socialization into sport appear to be the family, media, peer group, community, environment, geographic/seasonal and school (Bower, Hales, Tate, Rubin, Benjamin, Ward, 2008). The reasons for the prominence of these agents in socialization would include the intensity and frequency of contact, and the ability of these institutions or individuals to control rewards and punishments. Socialization affects the attitudes, values and behaviors of children and this would include those related to sport.
Physical activity effects in prison environments
Inmates incarcerated in prisons are more likely to be at risk for an suffer from numerous chronic health conditions including diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. One of the most effective interventions for the prevention and treatment of these and other conditions is physical activity. Several arguments are presented in support for the development of organized physical activity programs in prison. Issues such as necessity, usefulness, and cost-effectiveness are also discussed.