Port Security Essays (Examples)

Port Security

"Describe the framework for Managing and Leading a Security Force."

Management is a "process of working with and through individuals and groups and other resources to accomplish organizational goals." ( Christopher, 2009 P. 180). The central challenges within the port security management is the ability to effectively manage changing worker's demand, government and legal requirement as well as managing the issue of workforce diversity. Thus, port security must develop a framework for effective security management to achieve these goals. The strategy to develop this framework and leading a security force is the responsibility of security manager. To manage and lead a security force, a security manager must be able to:

Plan, direct, organize and coordinate workforce,

Minimize conflict

Maintaining an effective interpersonal relationship,

esolve and identify supervisory problems,

Direct employees to meet the departmental objectives,

Be aware of employees' physical and mental health conditions,

Maintain employee demeanor and…

Port Security

Collaborations between port security and enforcement operations

Port security is the defense, law as well as treaty enforcement to counter terrorism activities that are within a port or even a maritime domain. This is inclusive of seaports protection, the inspection and protection of cargo that are moving through ports as well as maritime security. Enforcement operations on the other hand enforce immigrations laws within a nation in a manner that is fair and effective. It therefore identifies and goes ahead to apprehend aliens, detains them if need be and removes illegal aliens from the United States. This unit is mandated to apprehend arrest and repatriate criminals who have been convicted. Therefore the collaboration between port security and enforcement operations means that within the port it is ensured that the area is safe and secure and the enforcement operation take full course in case anyone is found to be…

Thirdly, it will be a challenge in ensuring that there is coordination and cooperation from all the stakeholders.

Hecter explains that achieving the much-needed cooperation is not easy as anticipated by many. There are many conflicts of interests deterring from working towards a common objective. There is no port in the United States that is similar to another in all regards. However, most of them have similarities that make them exposed to terrorism activities. These characteristics are concerning the functionality and the physical layout. For instance, most of the ports are large and can be easily accessed by land and water. The vast nature and easy accessibility makes it hard to realize security measures like those applied in airports (Vesky, 2008). The large amounts of materials that are transported via the ports provide an opportunity for more threats. Most ports are metropolitan areas with a combination of different modes of…

Assessment, however, has proven far easier than implementation.

A large part of the problem in implementing security measures has been the conflicts and simple lack of organization that exist between the many different interests and operators involved in any given port. In the near-decade since the passage of the Homeland Security Act, port control for many ports has become more standardized both federally and internationally (Beisecker 2006). Perhaps this is the most prominent effect of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 on port security: it has established a codified system for assessing and implementing standardized security awareness and features.

eferences

Beisecker, . (2006). "DP world and U.S. port security." Monterey institute of international studies. Accessed 22 February 2010. http://www.nti.org/e_research/e3_75.html

HAS. (2002). homeland security act of 2002. Accessed 22 February 2010. http://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/hr_5005_enr.pdf

Hecker, J. (2002). "Port security: Nation faces formidable challenges in making new initiatives successful." General accounting office. Accessed 22…

Given the size of the industry, this would have devastating effects not only upon lives, but also upon the economy of the country. Because of its size, it would be very easy to hold a nuclear bomb in a container. Terrorists have several plausible avenues of obtaining bombs; they could approach Russia or Pakistan, or build their own.

1.

Airport operators have a responsibility to maximize the security at their facilities. In order to do this effectively, they must be aware of changing security concerns, and have security and safety contingency measures in place that match these. They are also to liaise with security coordinators, planners and designers in an integrated manner to ensure that all the necessary security measures are in place.

Aviation Security Contingency Plans must be tailored according to the specific airport in question. This means that all the systems and procedures surrounding security should correspond to…

This has considerably increased their operational costs (Gray, 2002).

Maritime trade is that trade which is conducted through shipping goods from a port in country or city to another. The goods which are usually conveyed by ships include crude oil, iron ore, grain and containers. Waterways have also permitted a great deal of the trade that has augmented America's economy and that of other nations which make up North America. Domestic and global trade has taken place along rivers and coasts from time immemorial. Vast cities have developed close to waterways, and maritime activity has stayed remained important to the economy of USA North America at large. In addition maritime trade has facilitated foreign exchange amongst the trading partners. Furthermore, the trade has facilitated the movement of goods amongst the trading partners and this has helped uplifted the well-being of the people of North America. The men and women of…

S. ports because of the sheer volume of cargo containers that make physical inspection of any substantial percentage of them impossible (Allison, 2004; Larsen, 2007).

Even more fundamentally, the increasing prospect of terrorists coming into possession of nuclear weapons (in particular) means that catastrophic attacks could be carried out long before cargo ships arrive at shore-based inspection stations (Allison, 2004; Larsen, 2007). Ultimately, the volume of shipping involved and the impracticalities of a weapons detection-based methodology demand that U.S. port security efforts emphasize intelligence and the prevention of the acquisition of WMDs at their source rather than their interdiction at U.S. shores (Larsen, 2007).

eferences

Allison G. (2004). Nuclear Terrorism: The Ultimate Preventable Catastrophe. New York: Henry Holt

Larsen . (2007). Our Own Worst Enemy: Asking the ight Questions About Security to Protect You, Your Family, and America. New York: Grand Central Publishing.

Maxwell C. And Blanda T. "Terror by…

Port Security
The CBP (Customs and Border Protection) is a unit in the homeland security department and is the agency responsible for regulating, monitoring and facilitating flow of products at the points of entry. CBP policy formulation is done is such a way as to ensure that there is smooth movement of cargo through the border line. CBP enforces the customs and trade rules which are put in place with a view of protecting businesses and customers in the U.S. and collect revenue. CBP also enforces security laws for imports formulated with an objective of preventing illegal drugs, mass destruction weapons and contraband commodities from accessing the U.S.A. The U.S. congress is charged with the duty of defining and authorising the functions of international trade within CBP, allocation of funds for conducting program CBP oversight. The current laws authorising facilitation of trade and enforcing CBP functions are centred on a…

International Ship and Port Security (Isps) Code on Maritime Security

Impact of the International Ship and Port Security (ISPS) Code on Maritime Security

The study will be based on the question that "What is the impact of the International Ship and Port Security (ISPS) Code on Maritime Security." Answers will be sought to have this question addressed adequately.

The study feels that the ISPS Code has some impacts upon the Maritime Security in the world. Thus, the study seeks to uncover the various impacts that are realized by the Maritime Security as offered by the ISPS.

Scope

The influence and functionality of the existing ISPS Code run globally. Its effects, as part of its usefulness and importance, are felt by the Maritime Security among other agents of security in the world. Thus, the study will uncover the impacts caused by the ISPS Code on the Maritime Security in various parts…

The MdTA Police and the Office of Security (and thus the private security personnel under its supervision) are the extent of the state's commitment in terms of securing the port, aside from the Maryland Area Maritime Security Committee, which works to coordinate the efforts of the MdTA and Office of Security with the relevant federal agencies.

On the federal level, regular port security is handled by the United States Customs and Border Protection (CBP), while threat response and emergencies involves the U.S. Coast Guard. CBP is responsible for maintaining and disseminating examination standards and procedures, and in recent years has placed a special emphasis on cargo container examinations with its program the Container Security Initiative (CSI) (U.S. Customs and Border Protection 2012). The CSI program has three core elements geared towards identifying and stopping threats in cargo containers: "identify high-risk containers […] prescreen and evaluate containers before they are shipped…

Port of Baltimore's Strategic Orientation

As the Case Review by Ross et al. (2005) shows, the Port of Baltimore finds itself almost perpetually in a highly challenging and precarious position where environmentalism is concerned. The demands of its industry, and particularly those relating to the highly competitive market driven by the leverage of the shipping sector, require the POB to seek a balance in the variant priorities of profitability, satisfaction of state interests, security and environmentalism. Often, when this last dimension of its operation is relegated behind other considerations, POB has been forced to confront the ire of environmental advocacy groups, lobbyists and public agencies.

One of the more complex issues surrounding its environmental position is that relating to dredging, which has a mix of negative and constructive implications to the ecology surrounding the port and the Chesapeake Bay. According to Ross et al., "dredging, which is the process of…

" (Harman, Flite, and ond, 2012) the key to the preservation of confidentiality is "making sure that only authorized individuals have access to that information. The process of controlling access -- limiting who can see what -- begins with authorizing users." (Harman, Flite, and ond, 2012) Employers are held accountable under the HIPAA Privacy and Security Rules for their employee's actions. The federal agency that holds responsibility for the development of information security guidelines is the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). NIST further defines information security as "the preservation of data confidentiality, integrity, availability" stated to be commonly referred to as "the CIA triad." (Harman, Flite, and ond, 2012)

III. Risk Reduction Strategies

Strategies for addressing barriers and overcoming these barriers are inclusive of keeping clear communication at all organizational levels throughout the process and acknowledging the impact of the organization's culture as well as capitalizing on all…

If not, what other recommendations would you make to Harold? Explain your reasons for each of recommendations.

No, the actions that were taken by Harold are not adequate. The reason why, is because he has created an initial foundation for protecting sensitive information. However, over the course of time the nature of the threat will change. This could have an impact on his business, as these procedures will become ineffective. Once this occurs, it means that it is only a matter of time until Harold will see an increase in the number of cyber attacks. At first, these procedures will help to prevent hackers from accessing the company's files. Then, as time goes by they will be able to overcome his defenses. This increases the chances that he will see some kind of major disruptions because of these issues. ("Security Policies," n.d, pp. 281 -- 302) ("Computer-ased Espionage," n.d, pp.…

Security Audit for FX Hospital EH/EM Systems

The study carries out the security audits for the FX Hospital EH/EM information systems to identify the vulnerabilities in the systems. The study uses the BackTrack as an auditing tool to penetrate the website, and outcomes of the auditing reveal that the website is not secure and can be subject to different vulnerabilities. After carrying out the auditing, the study is able to collect as much patients' data as possible revealing the website can be subject to vulnerable attacks. One of the vulnerabilities identified is that the website UL starts from HTTP showing that an attacker can easily break into the website and collect sensitive information. Moreover, all the data in the website are not encrypted making them easy for an attacker to collect patients' data.

By consequence, the FX Hospital can face lawsuits for failing to protect patients' data because if patients'…

Transportation Security and Intrusiveness of Security Screenings

America's land, seaways, and air transportation systems are structured in such a manner that enhances efficiency and enables easy access, the two features that also at the same time make these transportation systems susceptible to attacks. The expenses and difficulty of protecting the entire transportation systems from attacks raises a critical issue for legislators and other policymakers in the government: in that how much money and effort should be utilized towards preventing attacks in the country compared to the alternative of pursuing and defeating terrorists wherever they are. While completely proofing the entire transportation sector from attacks is an almost impossible task, strategies can be formulated to significantly reduce the risk of attacks. The emphasis by policymakers should be put in coming up with the resources to build a prevention, protection, and rapid response system that can greatly reduce the likelihood and consequences…

Port Facilities Manager

Ports have historically played an instrumental role in driving the global economy by facilitating the movement of people and cargo from one part of the globe to another. Due to their phenomenal influence on the global economy, ports must be effectively managed. This is particularly true in terms of their facilities, equipment, and infrastructure. The port facilities manager is tasked with the responsibility of supporting the port in carrying out its day-to-day operations. Their work particularly involves managing and maintaining port facilities, equipment, and infrastructure; supervising and managing port personnel; and supporting the security management function in ensuring the safety of cargo, tenants, and port personnel. The port facilities manager is also involved in liaising with and engaging port users, assisting in the preparation of port facilities budgets, ensuring adherence to the relevant regulatory requirements, as well as coordinating special events held at the port. These roles…

It seems that another viable party needs to be created, one that truly does not rely on business as usual in Washington, and is truly for change at the basic level. Until we change the way Congress operates, and how it is so heavily influenced by lobbyists and special interests, nothing is going to change in this country, and our democracy is suffering because of that.

Stress levels are certainly higher in this country than they were when the Students wrote their statement, although they certainly faced their own stresses. Today, many families are worse off than they were just a year ago, and the recession has just begun. What is going to happen to them in another year? There are still millions of young people that go hungry in our country, and millions without homes. There are still disparities in the educational level of schools in wealthy areas and…

Despite its clear benefits and advantages in terms of ease of use and cost effectiveness, there are certain risks associated with wireless networking. These risks are discussed further below.

Review of the Literature.

Security Risks Associated with IEEE WLAN 802.11. The applications for wireless communication technology continue to develop and expand; today, at least, the 802.11b is the standard of choice for wireless router communication used with network installation (Gonazles & Higby 2003). "The integrity of the transmitted data is a valid 2.4 GHz. At this wavelength medium, the propagation of wavelength maintains strong connectivity" (Gonzales & Higby 2003, p. 30). The technology of WLANs actually dates back to the mid-1980s; during this period, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) freed up radio frequency (rf) to the industry. "Initially, this was viewed as a broadcast reception procedure and very little thought went to broadcast transmission" (Gonzales & Higby 2003, p. 30).…

Integrated Urban Port and Harbor Planning With Environmental Assessment and Coast Guard Facilities

Port planning is a multifaceted project that involves technical, operational, economic, social, and environmental aspects. The projects may range from terminal rehabilitation until altering the whole area into a communal park, involving several different aspects in economic, social, cultural, ethical, and environmental goals.

Every area has unique resources, which need to be incorporated into the whole planning process based on the local legal regulation. As with differences in geographical characteristics, it is necessary to find particular approach to the short- and long-term goals of the port, and every detailed construction or facilities provided. The port and harbor must meet the need on how to convert the urban area into a beneficial site as well as to maintain its original characteristics of the landscape including - and without overlooking - the resident people's objectives for the future. It…

Security

The first 10 years the 21st century began a seemingly new age of terror and fear where heightened alert statuses and preventive measures can be seen as taken to extremes. The macrocosmic status of the global affairs which are often riddled with warfare, strife and suspicion can be examined at the microcosmic level within the information security and data protection industry. The purpose of this essay is to examine these questions: "How should we decide how secure we want our information to be? And who should be responsible to make these decisions? I'll answer these questions using ideas connecting the rationality of fear and security. Next I'll examine how materialism has distracted technology from its true essence, to help mankind. Lastly I will offer solutions to hopefully eliminate confusing and overbearing problems that humanity's quest for security can both effectively and efficiently have serious impact on that condition.

Fear…

air cargo industry experienced tremendous growth since inception because of various factors in the aviation industry, particularly the freight sector. The growth and development of this industry is evident in its current significance on the freight sector. Moreover, this industry currently accounts for huge profitability in the freight sector because of increased shipping of various packages across the globe. This increased shipping is fueled by increased interconnectedness of people and countries due to rapid technological factors.

However, the industry has experienced tremendous challenges and concerns in relation to security because of the increase of security issues and emergence of new security threats throughout the world. Some of the major security challenges or issues facing the air cargo industry include terrorism, hijacking threat, vulnerability to security breaches, and probable introduction of explosive devices. These security threats are largely brought by the development of sophisticated tools and means for criminal activities by…

Human Factor in Cargo Security

Is Human Factor important Cargo Security

Cargo security I one of the major issues handled with priority by Homeland security department in United States of America. It is regarded as a positional facilitator in terrorism activities. Another notable factor in implementing security measures for cargo was theft as a direct business cost for U.S. It is observed that businesses lost $15b to $30 billion as a loss to cargo theft in 2006. The research further states that personnel access, vehicles access, and proliferation of papers are one of the major causes of cargo theft. It is evident that certain factors have a direct influence on maintaining security for cargo. Technology, processes, procedures, systems, and all of the above human involvement are major issues in cargo security. It requires maintaining a high level of integrity for all these factors to reduce risk in cargo transportation.

The…

Linux Security Technologies

The continued popularity and rapid growth of open source software in general and the Linux operating system specifically are having a disruptive impact on proprietary software. The disruptive impacts of open source software are so pervasive that they are completely re-ordering the enterprise system strategies in many corporations globally today (ooney, 2004). With this proliferation of open source software and the foundation being laid by the Linux operating system, there continues to be an urgent and escalating need for new security tools and applications and tools as well. Of the many security applications and tools available for the Linux operating system, the three that will be analyzed and assessed in this paper include chroot jail, iptables and SELinux. The analysis will include which organizations are sponsoring the development of each of these technologies, an explanation of how each of these technologies change the Linux operating system to…

security measures. The primary focus while analysing security measures will be on the overall effectiveness and hindrances in their implementation in the aspect of transportation and logistics management (TLM).

Security Measures in Place / Are They Effective?

In order to ensure safety in sensitive areas, to observe traffic or to keep a check on criminal activities, CCTV, video cameras and high-tech surveillance systems are very useful devices. They also play an important role when it comes to the delivery of cargo. In order to prevent cargo theft during the loading / unloading, transporting and storing process, these activities should be carried out under surveillance of video cameras. The primary advantage of using surveillance in these circumstances is that they can significantly reduce premise liability because of access control systems and thus only authorized individuals can access certain areas. (Transportation and Logistics Security Protection 1. n.d.).

For each employee as well…

Less satisfied knowledge dealing processes like keeping copies of old as well as unused spreadsheets which have several Social Security numbers instead of transmitting such data to long period and safe storage- persistently involve data at vulnerable stage. (Schuster 140-141)

Security concerns are associated with primarily to the system security, information security and also to Encryption. Taking into consideration the system security, it is applicable that what is pertinent to make sure that a system is quite secured, and decrease the scope that perpetrators could break into a website server and change pages. System security is a real responsibility particularly if one regulates one's owned Website server. (Creating Good Websites: Security)

There are two primary concerns in system security. One is in the application of passwords that ought to be selected and applied securely. But however protected a system could be, it is ordinarily exposed to the world if the…

The Homeland Security Appropriations Act supplies a total of four billion for state and local assistance agendas. State-based formula grants are financed at one and half billion, including four hundred million for law enforcement, with necessities directing the utilization of the per capita formula. The all hazards Emergency Management Performance Grant program is financed at one hundred and eighty million. Urban Area Security Initiative (UASI) grants are also made available. The bill provides a total of three hundred and fifteen million in transportation security grants. Firefighter assistance grants are financed at seven hundred and fifteen million, including sixty five million for hiring (Fact Sheet: Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act of 2005, 2004). All of these regulations have placed increased burden on both state and local governments to carry out the tasks that have been placed on them by the approval of these acts.

eferences

Fact Sheet: Department of Homeland…

If the country is safe, then that is all that matters to the department. If any group was to be considered as a form of competition, drug traffickers and terrorists may be the closes groups to fall into that category.

In the economic arena, the Department of Homeland Security does not have the best standings. There were 30 reportable internal control weaknesses in the department, 18 of which were considered material weaknesses. The four inherited component agencies did not even conform with the Federal Financial Management Improvement Act. It has been recommended that the Department of Homeland Security improves its financial management. It is important to keep in mind that making a profit is not the goal of this department, though it is also important that the department follows the financial improvement laws (http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-04-774).

I can bring dedication to this position. My strong sense of patriotism is what drives me…

Homeland Security Event

Over the last ten years, Homeland Security has been focused on dealing with a wide variety of terrorist attacks. In most cases, these incidents usually involve some kind of intelligence indicating that a terrorist related incident was about to occur. One recent example of this happened in October 2011, with a failed assassination attempt on the Saudi Arabian Ambassador. When the news was first announced, this seemed somewhat surreal based on the fact that Iran was behind the plot (with two suspects charged for their involvement). However, the relationship that Iran has with the West during the last few years has been strained. This is an indication of how the Islamic epublic was lashing out against these nations with one of their only tools (terrorism). (Miller, 2012, pp. 20 -- 30) To fully understand this event, we will look at how this attempted terrorist attack unfolded. This…

This makes it easier for investigators to identify connections by clicking on a particular item in the three-dimensional link.

The difficulties of this process of proving such a chain indicates the importance of creating steps that can help companies simplify the task of conducting a computer forensic investigation, should one ever be required. The article stresses that the most important step is to ensure that network logging devices are turned on, even though these devices use disk space and processor time. If they are turned off, investigations can become impossible. Closing any unneeded ports on the company firewall and patching systems regularly, are also helpful.

This article paints an overall benign portrait of law enforcement, zealously protecting user privacy and safety. It demonstrates how an apparently invisible crime can be rendered visible through the use of technology, and both the law and law enforcement's attempts to stay one step ahead…

Homeland Security and Information Technology

Security and Technology

iometrics

Cyberterrorism

Geospatial Information System

The 9/11 bombing of the World Trade Center raised the awareness of the American public relative to the need for increased national security. The agency that is in the forefront of providing this security is the Department of Homeland Security. This agency is responsible for a broad range of security issues and, as a result, is confronted with a wide range of technological needs. The agency is forced to confront individuals and organizations who have availability to the latest technological innovations available on the market and the Department of Homeland Security must not only be prepared to confront the latest technology it must also anticipate future innovations.

Security and Technology

In today's world dominated by technology possessing information is even more important than it once was. The old adage is that information is power and the adage…

Network Security: Past, Present and Future

The work of Curtin (2007) states that a network is defined as "any set of interlinking lines resembling a net, a network of roads -- an interconnected system, a network of alliances." Quite simply a computer network is a system of computers that are interconnected. There are seven layers of communication types identified by the International Standards Organization (ISO) Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) eference Model as well as the interfaces among them. Each layer is stated to be dependent on the services that the layer above it provides including the physical network hardware.

Technology: Description and Area of esearch

The most popular networks which have been used over the past twenty-five years and which include both private and public networks include the following network services: (1) UUCP -- Unix-to-Unix CoPy: This was developed originally for connecting Unix hosts together however, since that time UUCP…

TEOISM

COUNTE-TEOISM AND THE DEPATMENT OF HOMELAND SECUITY

Counter-terrorism is popular as antiterrorism and incorporates techniques, practices, strategies, and tactics that militaries, governments, corporations and police departments adopt in attacking terrorist threats and acts either real or imputed. Both governments and insurgents use terror tactics. It is clear that some insurgents do not terror as tactics while others opt not to apply as other tactics have better outcomes for their particular contexts. Individuals may engage in acts of terror, as it was the case with Oklahoma City bombing (Katherine, Darmer & osenbaum, 2004). Where the terrorism acts are part of broader insurgencies, counter-terrorism forms an integral element of security doctrines. However, economic, political, and other measures focus on insurgencies as compared to specific terror acts. The United States uses foreign internal defense doctrine in its military programs to support other nations while attempting to suppress lawlessness, insurgency, or subversion and…

However, a variety of weaknesses still continue the most notable would include: a decentralized system, no standardized protocol for evaluating container packages and a lack of training. This is significant, because it highlights an obvious weakness that has not been addressed in the aftermaths of the September 11th terrorist attacks. If such issues are not addressed, it could mean that the improvements in other areas are ineffective, as terrorists can use this as a potential weakness they can exploit. ("Homeland Security, 2003)

The changes in Logistics and its impact on our global economy.

Logistics is having an impact upon the global economy, by making the world smaller and more competitive. What has been happening is a variety of companies have been using the increased amounts of reduced trade barriers and low transportation costs, to produce a variety of products inexpensively. To deliver these low cost goods to consumers requires: effectively…

At a minimum, the emergency plan should outline the respective risks capable of being anticipated along with appropriate procedures for implementing necessary response procedures and resource allocation. The emergency plan must include procedures for ensuring continual communication among responders as well as alternate means of communication; procedures for contacting entities outside the immediate area affected by the emergency; and multiple means of providing essential response to every foreseeable type of emergency and every foreseeable type of malfunction or breakdown of primary processes along with secondary plans for each.

Effective emergency response requires training and practice implementing procedures and resources and that practice is also essential for communicating awareness of the plan among first responders. Non-first responders should also be informed of all elements of the plan that pertain to them specifically.

4. What role, if any, should emergency managers play in ensuring emergency medical care for a mass-casualty incident? In…

Strategies to improve collaboration and cooperation between the Homeland Security agencies
The department of homeland security (DHS) controls the territorial, local, state, tribal, and federal government resources (DHS, 2018). The DHS coordinates various programs and agencies into one single and unified effort that is given to protecting the American homeland and the people. The first QHSR (Quadrennial Homeland Security Review) was completed in the year 2010 with an objective of establishing an incorporated strategy for the goals and missions of homeland security (Homeland Security, 2005). Following this, DHS carried out a BUR (Bottom up Review). The objective was to synchronize organizational structure and programmatic activities in order to effectively achieve the goals and missions of homeland security.
The primary duty of homeland security is to protect the U.S. from any terrorism. The counterterrorism duties of the DHS are concentrated on these three goals i.e. First goal is protecting and resisting…

Networks are continually vulnerable to threats, which is why it is important to understand the ramifications of ping sweeps and port scans. While ping sweeps and port scans are not attacks in and of themselves, they are probing activities. Ping sweeps are automated processes that show the malicious user which computers on a network are active, whereas port scans identify the potential points of entry into a network from which to launch an attack. Both ping sweeps and port scans are threats that can be averted in order to protect network security.

Ping sweeps are akin to shouting aloud in a canyon and waiting for a response, or sending a call on a radio. Usually, intruders can create robots to conduct ping sweeps for them. One protocol used is the ICMP ECHO (Teo, 2000). The ICMP ECHO sends messages within a range of IP addresses. Another type of ping sweep…

Best Practice Wireless Network Security

Best Practices for Network Security

Wireless network is a technology that relies on radio waves instead of wires in connecting computer devices to the internet. There is a transmitter, with the name wireless access point or gateway, wired into an internet connection, which provides a "hotspot" transmitting the connectivity over radio waves. Hotspot has the capability to identify information, that include an item known as an SSID (service set identifier), that enable computer devices to locate them. For computer and other devices that have been equipped with wireless card as well as have permission to access the wireless frequency can then have the opportunity to connect to the network. There are some computer and other devices that may be able to automatically identify open wireless networks within a particular area, and for some you may be required to locate and enter the information manually like…

networking and TCP/IP and internetworking. Also discussed are risk management, network threats, firewalls, and also more special purpose network devices. The paper will provide a better insight on the general aspects of security and also get a better understanding of how to be able to reduce and manage risk personally at the workplace and at home.

In today's world, the Computer has become a common feature in any organization anywhere in the world. This may be due to the fact that a computer can be accessed by anybody who knows how to handle it and also because it can store a lot of information both confidential and general. A computer is connected through a physical network that allows a person or many persons to share any information necessary. (Conceptual Overview of Network Security) Though network security in Information Technology is an issue that has been discussed endlessly, implementation has definitely…

S. faced during the Cold ar. And unlike in environmental and health issues, the debate on homeland security is one-sided, almost bi-partisan, both conservatives and liberals calling for gigantic security budget for homeland security and anti-terrorist activities. Friedman explains, "[b]oth parties see political reward in preaching danger. The massive U.S. national security establishment relies on a sense of threat to stay in business" ("The Terrible 'Ifs'" 38). The stakeholders financially benefitting from the colossal homeland security budget are allied with leaders of both political camps and thus are interested in perpetuating fear.

This is not, of course, to suggest that the Department of Homeland Security is unnecessary, or that there is no terrorist threat directed against the United States. The fact that terrorists were unable to strike at the United States in the American soil suggests that the law enforcement agencies have been successful in thwarting terrorist plots. It would…

Computer

IT Security Implementation

Provide a summary of the actual development of your project.

Because small corporations have to work under conditions of conflicting information technology in many instances, the requirement of maintaining these systems details entails far too many time-consuming processes that have to be carried out. This allows for the business to work in a logical order and promotes a more logical approach to the making of business decisions. The end result is organizational progress and consistent profitability. Thus, the lack of having an IT Security Policy Plan in place may keep the organization from reaching its organizational potential. This project's main objective and expected outcome entails designing a network security plan for implementation and then detailing the process of implementing the program. The purpose is to address the various aspects of having a written and enforceable technology security policy as well as describing an overview of the…

According to the same source, the Australian market proves to be very fertile for the U.S. companies which already account for the greatest import share (over 50% in 2004). Such data are outlined by the following table:

Country

Total market (million of dollars)

Total imports (million of dollars)

Imports from U.S. (million of dollars)

U.S share

2002 2004%Change 2002-2004%Change 2002-2004%Change Australia 950-1400 47% 380-560 47% 185-285 54% 51% Source: http://www.buyusainfo.net/docs/x_4239321.pdf.

The U.S. home security market is another outlet offering promising perspectives. According to Frost & Sullivan's report (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reportinfo.asp?report_id=365296),one of the levers responsible for increased demand is the emergence of new homes as a result of the low interest rate. The U.S. Census ureau studies showed that, in 2002, 1.7 million new houses were built in comparison with 2001 when 1.6 million new constructions were made. Moreover, the number was expected to grow in the near future.

Other reasons for a…

goals of this study are to reveal some of the common and prevailing cyber security threats. Here we plan to explore the risk that is most difficult to defend: social engineering. We seek answers to the human elements and characteristics that contribute to the frauds and how they themselves unwittingly give out information that eventually leads to difficult situations. There are many ways in which the attackers 'phish' their targets. We will look into the origin of such techniques and proceed to develop a methodology to avert such attacks. In the highly computerized environment that we are living, a new method of multitenant services has been evolved to substitute for the demands on memory space and time- the Cloud. The impact of these vast and complex systems has raised newer kinds of concerns that will then be assessed and hence a strategy to safeguard the interests of the user because…

Network Security

The Key equirements of Network Infrastructure Security

Measures for Internal Network Architecture

Storage of sensitive information on Networked Systems

Network Connection Control

Administrative Services

Visitor access

Third Party Access to Internal Networks

Security of the IT network for any company is very important. Scores of sensitive business information is stored electronically in the IT systems and the company network. An unsecured or a partially secured network has the potential to cause financial losses to the company if the information falls in the wrong hands. Therefore there is need for installing and network security systems.

For any network security to become operational the company must first look into whether the system can be implemented technically and whether it can be implemented throughout the organization. Another consideration for the selection of the network security is to ensure that the system clearly define areas of responsibility for the users, administrators, and…

6.a.

What I like particularly about this set of requirements is the backup suggestion. While one might take great pains to protect one's machine and actions by means of software, there is always the possibility that something may go fatally wrong. Hence, it is vital to back up one's work in order to ensure that it remains safe, regardless of any dangers to the computer itself.

b.

In this segment, I believe that the suggestion of parental control is vitally important. With the increasingly free availability of information on the Internet, children have much more access to questionable material than the case was in the past. This means that it is the responsibility of parents to ensure that they are safe. In a household with children, this is therefore a very important component.

7.1.

What kind of cryptography is being developed for cloud computing? It is important to know this…

shifting seas of global social consciousness and worldwide political hierarchy have only recently brought the word 'terrorism' to the quotidian mind of Americans, it has long enjoyed a cemented place in the construct of civilization. Daily associations between the word terrorism and the frightening images of gore and destruction rampant on the 24-hour news networks affirm the complicated understanding of terrorism in the modern world; bombings on an Israeli bus, explosions outside a Pakistani supermarket, and subway atrocities mingle with recent memories of the World Trade center and recollections of the bloody IRA, Black Liberation Army, and Basque independence movements. Personal reaction and affiliation to the events, movement, and goals of each group's paradigm resonates inside a loose definition of political violence, while governmental response is chiseled, monochromatic, and decisive. While the motives and end-results always differ, the path to terrorism is marked by similar goal posts. These similarities and…

DNC Scenario

The author of this report is to answer to three major questions as it relates to the DNC scenario advanced by the story that preceded it. The first question is the legal claims relating to the use of the LAD. The second question is the basis that should be used to deny Amnesty International from getting their permit and the implications that this could cause. The final question requires the identification and analysis of any legal claims that might arise if Greenpeace has a protest in the shopping mall and how pat-downs and other security measures may lead to legal or protest-related issues. While the Miami and other personnel have a responsibility to keep the peace and keep people safe, they need to tread very carefully when limiting free speech and/or freedom of assembly as well as over-aggressive use of less-lethal technologies and interventions that can still maim…

Seaports Vulnerability to Submersible Vessels

Criminology

All countries of the world are struggling hard to provide peace to its residents and masses. After all the efforts and struggle, countries are still not completely safe from the dangerous attacks on the borders including dry ports and seaports. In America, it is a severe issue to understand how to secure and protect the seaports of the country. The topic of discussion is also related to the protection of seaports of the country from different types of attacks such as nuclear attacks and submersible vessels (Jaffee and Russell 1997).

It is very important to understand all the seaports security issues and then suggest roadmap for protection policies development as well as its implementation immediately. There are three large seaports in America such as Los Angeles, Long Beach, and Oakland. These are the largest seaports of America and these ports are most vulnerable to…

SCS initiative analysis has been talked about in detail. The main aim or purpose of this in-depth analysis is to explain in a better way the questions regarding the design, theoretical grounds, dynamics and the coverage of the supply security chain etc. Following are the kind of questions that have been tried to answer in this paper:

To what extent does the SCS initiative covers the security areas, human resource security, facility and cargo etc.

Among the phases in security management such as: recovery that is done from incidents of crime, crime detection and the prevention of crime, which ones are covered by the SCS initiatives and to what limit?

To the SCS initiative exactly what kind of supply chain actors are associated?

In what way are the improvement cycle steps (that are consistent) such as: planning, doing, checking and acting taken into consideration by the SCS initiatives?

With the…

S.A. PATRIOT Act Improvement and Reauthorization Act reauthorized all expiring provisions of the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act, added dozens of additional safeguards to protect privacy interests and civil liberties, and strengthened port security. (USDOJ, 2008)

SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

This report has presented in brief the federal policy changes that been changed or created since the events of September 11, 2001. Changes have included collaboration between federal, state and local agencies in coordination and cooperative law enforcement efforts targeted at proactive prevention of potential terrorists in the U.S. Homeland.

ibliography

Fact Sheet: justice Department Counter-Terrorism Efforts Since 9/11. Department of Justice. 11 September 2008. Online available at http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/2008/September/08-nsd-807.html

Intergovernmental Partnership in a National Strategy to Enhance State and Local Preparedness (2002) United States General Accounting Office Testimony before the Subcommittee on Government Efficiency, Financial Management, and Intergovernmental Relations, Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives. 22 Mar 2002. Online available at http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d02547t.pdf…

Petersburg, would not discuss in detail SI's other work for agencies such as Special Operations Command, but said he hopes this work eventually will amount to a $36.5-million Navy contract. U.S. ep. Bill Young, -St. Petersburg, who has used his clout to funnel Defense Department dollars to the region, sees a bright future (Krueger).

Since 2007, SI St. Petersburg has grown to almost 70 staff members as its &D activities have expanded. In addition, the U.S. Naval Air Systems Command awarded SI and its National Center for Maritime and Port Security a five-year, $36.5 million contract to develop a maritime domain awareness system to improve port security in the United States. Other SI &D projects have included development and local testing of an innovative, energy-producing buoy device; mapping the floor of Tampa Bay in conjunction with a maritime homeland security experiment conducted by the U.S. Navy, Coast Guard and other…

Auditing, Monitoring, Intrusion Prevention, Intrusion Detection, and Penetration Testing

"Unlike IP fragmentation (which can be done by intermediate devices), IP reassembly can be done only at the final destination. What problems do you see if IP reassembly is attempted in intermediate devices like routers?" [ ]

IP fragmentation is defined as the IP (Internet Protocol) that breaks datagrams into smaller fragment to assist packets passing through links and forming a smaller MTU (maximum transmission unit) than its original size. However, the fragments reassemble themselves when reaching the receiving hosts. After the receiving hosts have received the fragmented IP packet, they have to reassemble the datagram before passing it to the higher layer. In practices, the reassembly happens in the receiving hosts, however, a reassembly may be carried out by the intermediate router. For example, the NAT (network address translation) is designed to reassemble the fragments to the translate data streams.…

In short, providing transit using the current paradigms and strategies is unsustainble. Transit's success depends on the ability of planners to make the lives of travelers worse off by making it harder to get around, restricting housing choice and type, and subjecting people to all manner of externalities and lifestyles they routinely choose to avoid in the current housing market place (e.g., small homes, urban noise, and air pollution" (Stanley 2007).

Facts and figures publication of the Road Information Program, a Mobility omparison of Investments in Highways and Mass Transit, notes that Despite a 148.8% increase in operating subsidies between 1980 and 1990, mass transit was unable to increase its share of the nation's PMT. In fact, between 1980 and 1990, mass transit's share of the nation's passenger miles of non-marine, surface transportation decreased from 1.43% to 1.27%...total PMT provided by mass transit exceeded 1% of total transportation in only…

September 11th shocked and enraged many people, in the United States and around the world. With that shock came a cry for change, a tightening of the open and free society in which we live. September 11th was an unprecedented occurrence, leaving many people personally affected and still others traumatized by the severity of the events and the seemingly senseless act against civilians. "What happened on September 11 is unparalleled by anything we have ever known. The attacks killed more than 5,000 people, injured tens of thousands more, and caused economic hardship and grief to hundreds of thousands more. From the New York attacks alone, more than 10,000 people lost a parent." (O'Brien, 2001, pg. 425)

This research work will attempt to analyze the real circumstances of change in the border between the U.S. And Canada since September 11th. It will answer several questions associated with the potential or real…

S. And maintain approximately as many members (both domestically and abroad) as the Hell's Angels. Their criminal activities are more focused on the manufacturing, distribution, and sales of cocaine, marijuana, and methamphetamines. The banditos use "puppet" or minor affiliate clubs who are not themselves Banditos but operate with the Banditos' authority and conduct some the parent club's criminal activities on their behalf.

Conclusion:

In the modern era, widespread crackdowns and joint operations initiated by state and federal law enforcement authorities and legislative tools such as the federal acketeer Influenced and Corruption Organizations (ICO) Act have greatly reduced the influence of the Italian Mafia/LCN in American society but organized crime still persists, even if on a much smaller scale than half a century ago. However, whereas the power and reach of LCN has been greatly reduced, a significant influx of newer criminal enterprises has filled much of the gap vacated in…

This creates a platform for further threat. It does not seem that this is receiving a large amount of attention.

Physical Protection of Infrastructure

1. Priority: Planning and resource allocation: An action item for this priority is to help private organizations to implement enhanced security measures. Such measures will be rewarded with cost-effective incentives from the government.

This action appears to have received considerable attention. Numerous government grant programs have been implemented in this regard. The Port Security Program and the Trucking Security Programs for example provide grants to private sector businesses in transport.

2. Priority: Information sharing, indications and warnings: an action item is to define information sharing requirements that relate to protection, and to establish processes that are effective and efficient in their response to emergencies.

Like Cyberspace security, it appears that this goal has not yet been reached. The Department of Homeland Security is still working on…

An intriguing example that can be found in the book refers to the episode in which men under his command succeeded to sneak guns in areas which were supposed to be protected by screening devices. Through his experiment Ervin managed to demonstrate that the Transportation Security Administration authorities are definitely not doing a good job. Furthermore, the reaction of the authorities to the event demonstrate that they are more concerned with protecting their own image than fixing the things which don't function properly. Taking into account this episode one might think that Ervin's perspective is biased, but reading enough material about it and his attitude towards it makes us understand that the author of the book firmly believes in what he states and is honestly concerned with the fate of the U.S.A. security.

Not all the points that Ervin makes are against the official authorities. According to him the situation…

Reelecting President George W. ush

George W. ush became president under some of the most unusual circumstances in U.S. history, with the legitimacy of his claim to victory a matter of heated public debate (Mansfield, 2003). Despite the highly contested election that brought him to power, ush came into office motivated and ready to act, surprising many of his critics with a successful early push for tax reduction and other domestic initiatives. However, the shattering events of September 11, 2001 forced the ush administration to change the focus of its agenda. Since that day, the power of the presidency -- as well as its limitations -- have been criticized and praised by the public and the media.

George W. ush is the 43rd President of the United States (Mansfield, 2003). He was elected in 2001 after a campaign in which he outlined sweeping proposals to reform America's public schools, transform…

emote access controls.

Network security management.

Password policies.

Compliance with the policies and procedures of the company is very vital to the organization, and the policies and procedures should be clearly communicated to the appropriate business teams.

Intruder: The suggested treatment for the attack by the external intruder such as hacker is to ensure that all communication within the organization is encrypted to deter the unauthorized access to the company data. Moreover, the organization should use antivirus to protect the company data from the attack such as Trojan horse, worm, virus etc. Compliance to policies and procedure is so vital to assure an organizational IT security.

Disgruntled Employee: Company needs to evaluate each personnel before being allowed to handle sensitive information. There is a need to conduct background check on each employee. The background check could verify potential employee criminal background, and social background. Employee should be asked to sign…

Networks Security Management

Network Security Management

Why Threat Management Is Different from Vulnerability Management

Studies have attempted to examine on the possibility of implementing an all rounded technology that seeks to manage several layers of OSI networking levels. However, this implementation has considerably lost influence since this approach is defeated by the nature of attacks. Currently, 2600 hacking publication presents to a user several methodologies of attacks. In fact, hacking as become complex for the single - headed approach. This research will be integral in differentiating threat management from vulnerability management. Their importance in implementing a hybrid network management on the operating system and vulnerability Management approach on the layer side is also addressed. The research will further clarify that the security approach designated by hybridism factor is responsive to all nature of attacks in the OSI networking models.

Studies

The research is based on the following studies. Firstly, Nikolaidis…

Vlan

Communication between instruments on a Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) is not distinct from any devices on a LAN. This is because a packet creation by the transmitting computer on the network means, which receives direction from the network, switches to the suitable computer with the recipient occurring on the same computer. In an ordinary LAN surrounding, each of the devices on the switch is a component of the similar LAN. The VLAN is remarkable since devices from two dissimilar networks connect to the similar switch, or in some instance, two devices from the similar network connect on dissimilar switches. The functioning of the switch maintains things straight.

The two main common VLAN set of connections is dynamic and static. Therefore, the benefits of a VLAN creation remain numerous including decreasing the consumption of bandwidth, security augmentation, as well as, the geographical separation in which the member consumers of…