It is recommended that different forms of punishment are used other than corporal punishment. This form of punishment is rising significantly in just one demographic will other forms of punishment, such as alternative learning classrooms, are being implemented on a lesser basis.
The bullying incident rate is low. This could either mean that the school is doing a really good job in deterring bullying or that bullying is taking place but then rarely identified. Further investigation should be pursued to determine which case is most accurate. It is suspected that the latter case might more accurate since cases of bullying generally go unidentified and unpunished. There should also further research to collect information about the "other" category. There has been a dramatic increase in the three-year period although the overall rate is still fairly low. These cases should therefore be examined on a case by case basis to determine if…...

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Works Cited

National Center for Educatonial Statistics. (2000). Discipline Problems Reported by Public Schools. Retrieved from Institute of Education Sciences:  http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2005/crime_safe04/indicator_16.asp 

OSEP. (2013). School-wide PBIS. Retrieved from OSEP Technical Assistance Center:  http://www.pbis.org/school/default.aspx

PBIS Lit
Positive Behavioral Intervention and Support (PBIS) in Elementary Schools and in Impoverished Settings

Extensive research has been carried out examining the design and implementation of Positive Behavioral Intervention and Supports (PBIS) programs in schools, districts, and on even larger state scales. The research is highly consistent in finding positive effects on behavior and learning through the successful implementation of PBIS programs, however there are significant variations found in implementation schemes and in the environmental effects on the success of PBIS programs and interventions. Less research specifically pertaining to the implementation of PBIS on Title I elementary schools is available, however the literature that has been produced in this area clearly suggests difficulties in implementation but some measure of success when programs can be successfully designed and carried out.

There are currently approximately ten-thousand or more schools that have implemented PBIS programs (based on the latest data available and ongoing growth trends…...

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References

Barnes, C. (2002). Standards reform in high-poverty schools. New York: Teacher's College Press.

Barrett, S., Bradshaw, C. & Lewis-Palmer, T. (2008). Maryland Statewide PBIS Initiative: Systems, Evaluation, and Next Steps. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions 10(2): 105-14.

Bradshaw, C., Koth, C., Bevans, K.,, Ialongo, N. & Leaf, P. (2008). The impact of school-wide positive behavioral interventions and supports (PBIS) on the organizational health of elementary schools. School Psychology Quarterly 23(4): 462-73.

Bradshaw, C., Reinke, W., Brown, L., Bevans, K. & Leaf, P. (2008a). Implementation of school-wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) in elementary schools: observations from a randomized trial. Education and Treatment of Children 31(1).

Few issues could be more important in this era of school shootings and violence. Therefore, it is positive to note a Very Good rating directly on the mark, the best overall composite score of the five scales considered here. This denotes that the schools observed have done relatively well in preventing security breach of staff or student property, that vandalism and destruction of school property are effectively prevented, that the grounds are kept in presentable condition, that a school is a generally safe environment for all in attendance and that the school provides a fair and reasonable regulatory atmosphere for learning.
Part 3:

Question 1:

Based on the findings from this module, it would make a great deal of sense to initiate a school-wide Positive Behavioral Support System (PBSS). It bears noting that while instructors felt that they were doing a positive job of supporting student needs and that the environment itself…...

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Works Cited:

Baldwin, S.C.; Buchanan, a.M. & Rudisill, M.E. (2007). What Teacher Candidates Learned About Diversity, Social Justice, and Themselves From Service-Learning Experiences. Journal of Teacher Education, 58(4), 315-327.

Loveless, T. (1999). The Tracking Wars. Brookings Institution Press.

U.S. Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP). (2008). Social Skills Instruction. CPACINC.org.

University of Kansas. (2011). Teaching Self-Management Skills.  http://www.specialconnections.ku.edu

Behavioral and Cognitive Behavioral Theories
Psychodynamic and Cognitive Behavioral Theories

In this paper, there is going to an examination of Cognitive Behavioral and Psychodynamic theories. This is accomplished by focusing on: the two theories, their theoretical concepts, micro skills / techniques and a summary of these ideas. These elements will show how each one can address issues impacting the patient and the long-term effects upon them.

In the world of psychology, there are different theories which are used to explain how someone reacts to various stimuli. The result is that there has been contrasting ideas about the best way to understand human behavior. Two schools of thought which are very popular are the psychodynamic and cognitive behavioral approaches. (Okun, 2008)

To fully understand them requires examining each one. This will be accomplished by focusing on the two theories, their theoretical concepts, micro skills / techniques and a summary of these ideas. Together, these elements…...

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References

Larson, P. (2012). How Important is an Understanding of the Clients Early Attachments. Counseling Psychology Review, 27 (1), 10 -- 18.

Lucia, M. (2012). Therapeutic Activities and Psychological Interventions. Counseling and Psychotherapy Research, 12 (2), 118 -- 127.

Okun, B. (2008). Effective Helping: Interviewing and Counseling Techniques. New York, NY: Brooks and Cole.

Parpottis, P. (2012). Working with the Therapeutic Relationship. Counseling Psychology Review, 27 (3), 91-97

ehavioral Finance and Human Interaction a Study of the Decision-Making
Processes Impacting Financial Markets

Understanding the Stock Market

Contrasting Financial Theories

Flaws of the Efficient Market Hypothesis

Financial ubbles and Chaos

The stock market's dominant theory, the efficient market hypothesis (EMH) has been greatly criticized recently for its failure to account for human errors, heuristic bias, use of misinformation, psychological tendencies, in determining future expected performance and obtainable profits.

Existing evidence indicates that past confidence in the EMH may have been misdirected, as the theory's models do not show a thorough understanding of trading operations in a realistic light.

Researchers have suggested that a variety of anomalies and inconsistent historical results demand that traditional financial theories, namely the EMH, be reconstructed to include human interaction as a key decision-making process that directly affects the performance of financial markets.

This research paper aims to determine whether or not there is a need for a refined financial model that incorporates the…...

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Bibliography

Barrett, Larry. (January, 2001). Emotional investing a recipe for disaster. CNET News.com.

Bernstein, Peter. (1998). Against the Gods: The Remarkable Story of Risk. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.

Brennan, Phil. (March 12, 2002) The Great Stock Market Scam. NewsMax.com.

Business Week. (September 29, 1997) The Perils of Investing Too Close to Home.

unning head: POSITIVE BEHAVIO PLAN FO EMOTIONAL BEHAVIO DISODE PATIENT POSITIVE BEHAVIO PLAN FO EMOTIONAL BEHAVIO DISODE PATIENT. 7Positive Behavior Plan for Emotional Behavior Disorder PatientMental health in children includes various emotional and behavioral disorders. The main problems are obsessive emotional disorder, conduct disorder, attention deficit hyperactive disorder. Behavior is the most common form of communication, and most students learn that problem behavior is the most effective form of communication to express their needs. Nathan Mays, a student, has an emotional and behavioral disorder. He lacks peer relationship skills, has poor self-esteem, is about two grades behind in his reading, and is on a math level. When assigned any group project involving math class, Nathan participates in any group activities and makes taking noises about five times during the thirty-minute group project. He qualifies for the IDEA services and has individual education programs for learning and emotional support. When his…...

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ReferencesAdair, J. (2009). Leadership for Innovation; How to organize team creativity and harvest ideas. Philadelphia, PA: Kogan Page,(pp. 96)Billingsley, B., Brownwell, M. T., Lewis, T. J., Maheady, L, & McLeskey, J. (2019). High leverage practices for inclusive classrooms. New York, NY: Routledge. (ISBN-13: 978-1138039186)Levin, J. & Nolan, J., 7th Ed. (2014). Principles of Classroom Management: A ProfessionalDecision-Making Model. Pearson: Upper Saddle River, NJ. (ISBN-13: 978-0-205-62502-4)Parsonson, B. S. (2012). Evidence-Based Classroom Behaviour Management Strategies. Kairaranga, 13(1), 16-23.Simonsen, & Meyers. (2015). Chapter 5:Functional Behaviour Assessment. In 2017-2018 MO SW-PBS Tier Team Woerkbook (pp. 93-165)Thompson, J. R., Meadan, H., Fansler, K. W., Alber, S. B., & Balogh, P. A. (2007). Family Assessment Portfolios; A New Way to Jumpstart Family/School Collaboration. Teaching exceptional children, 39(6), 19-25.

Armstrong's findings additionally relate that due to previous research and the influence of perinatal loss on postpartum depression on partnered relationships. Armstrong states that differences in continued psychological stress between mothers and fathers after a subsequent birth is another area requiring further evaluation. Specifically stated is that it is necessary to evaluate "...the strength of partnered relationships during future childbearing experiences is important to identify any potential influence of the loss on couple, as well as family, outcomes. Understanding possible gender differences may help neonatal nurses and other healthcare providers to recognize couples at risk for discord." (2007)
Neonatal nurses are those who work closely with infants and parents and in the best position to make identification of depression and to pose questions about the individuals symptoms including:

1) mood;

2) appetite;

3) energy or fatigue levels;

4) ability to concentrate; and 5) as well the neonatal nurse is in the unique position to…...

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Bibliography

Gold, K.J., Dalton, V.K. And Schwenk, T.L. (2007) Hospital Care for Parents After Perinatal Death. Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 109. No. 5 May 2007.

Hughes, P., Turton, P., Hopper, E. And Evans, CDH (2002) Assessment of Guidelines for Good Practice in Psychosocial Care of Mothers After Stillbirth: A Cohort Study. The Lancet 2002;360:114-18.

Alexander, K.V. (2001) the One Thing You Can Never Take Away": Perinatal Bereavement Photographs. The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing Vol. 26(3) May/June 2001. 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.

Creating Organizational Value through the Integration of Information Technology: A Management Perspective
Change Management and the Construction of a eceptive Organization

Transformational and Participative Leadership

A Decentralized Organizational Culture

Effective Utilization of esources

Simulations

Performance Monitoring Systems

isk Management and Support Strategies

When considering the ever-changing and highly competitive global landscape of business today, firms must stay at the cutting edge of their respective fields in order to sustain profitability in the long-term. With the current exponential growth of technology and the computerization of business and learning, consumers and investors have become much more connected to the businesses they patronize (Kurzweil, 2001). Accordingly, companies are faced with the continuous task of finding new ways to understand and subsequently accommodate the needs of those customers and shareholders, while simultaneously securing lucrative business models and job environments. In doing so, businesses must be able to efficiently integrate and utilize various sources of new and innovative information technology. Firms can no…...

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References

Aladwani, A.M. (2001). Change Management Strategies for Successful ERP Implementation. Business Process Management Journal, 7 (3), 266-275.

Anthony, S. (2010, May). Three Critical Innovation Lessons from Apple. Retrieved July 26, 2011, from  http://hbr.org/anthony/2010/05/three_critical_innovation_less.html 

Antonelli, C. (2000). Collective Knowledge Communication and Innovation: The Evidence of Technological Districts. Regional Studies, 34 (6), 535-547.

Ashkenas, R., Ulrich, D., Jick, T., & Bossidy, L. (2002). The Boundaryless Organization: Breaking the Chains of Organization Structure. United States: John Wiley and Sons.

Positive Behavior
Context and Literature

May's experience in the classroom is not unique. Many teachers find that they spend an inordinate amount of time working on behavioral difficulties as opposed to actually teaching material. May was fortunate that she was in a school in which the administration was supportive of both inquiry-based research and the use of literature to help mitigate situations and grow as a teacher. The particular advantage May had using outside literature was a combination of alternative point-of-view and experience. May would not have the time or resources to go through the types of research, data collection and analysis, and number of students that others have already done. She is also able to glean additional insights from others who have tried and succeeded, and tried and failed, with techniques. Often, too, reading other materials spurs ideas that one can pick and choose -- this works for my class,…...

This is again an illustration of how awareness of types and subtypes can prove useful.
Steady types are introverts who seek stability and show intense organizational loyalty. They are the backbone of many work teams and workplaces, enforcing rules and mutual respect through a good personal example. However, this can put them at odds with the more daring dominant types, although steady types like to follow a leader. Some steady subtypes, like 'the relater' are more driven to seek personal stability, which can cause them to ignore an organization's need for change along with steady 'harmonizer types' who also seek to minimize conflict. Having too many relators and harmonizers on a team that needs to foster change and overcome change resistance may be problematic. However, other steady type subtypes like 'the specialist' who seeks to know more about his or her organizational role and 'the go-getter' who seeks "a steady…...

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References

Chapman, Bruce. (2010). Personality styles. Business Balls. Retrieved August 11, 2010 at  http://www.businessballs.com/personalitystylesmodels.htm 

McCloud, Megan. (2010). The real you according to the platinum rule. Suite 101. Retrieved

August 11, 2010 at http://self-awareness.suite101.com/article.cfm/the-real-you-according-to-the-platinum-rule

Smith, M.K. (2005) Bruce W. Tuckman - forming, storming, norming and performing in groups. The encyclopedia of informal education. Retrieved August 11, 2010 at www.infed.org/thinkers/tuckman.htm.

1. Introduction The modern 21st century has posed new challenges for the organizations to survive and grow (Smith et al. 2010). As they are operated and managed by human beings, the challenges are ultimately faced by the individuals who are responsible for making decisions and implementing them (Nieuwenhuizen, Weiss and Rossouw, 2009). As challenges are multifaceted, and human lives are divided into various aspects, it is difficult to excel in every field. The gap between desired and actual state of mind leads to stress and has a high impact on employee performance and productivity.
The concept of supervision is not new in business settings. It may be rooted right in the main essence of organizational structure from where delegation of authority and chain of command were introduced. In lieu of human psychology to stay conscious when being observed and monitored, it is more likely that they are not in normal state of…...

In fact, PBS is an inclusive approach since it becomes increasingly applicable to different segments of society such as multicultural youth and urban youth (Utley, Kozleski, Smith, & Draper, 2002). Perhaps, the reason this form of support applies so universally because it uses a collaborative team of people whom know and care about the troubled teenager. hese individuals such as family members, teachers, counselors, and administrators come together and determine functionally the processes which this individual performs and which ones he/she has trouble with or, in other words, together -- with the assistance of the student too -- they put together a functional behavioral assessment and then determine the specific, individualized needs of the student (Carr, 2002). Based upon that particular student's needs, the team derives approaches to help reduce the problem behavior and replace it with appropriate behavior. he reason that this process is said to have lasting…...

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Twenty-second Annual Report to Congress on the Implementation of the Individuals with Disability Act. Washington, D.C.: Author.

Utley, C.A., Kozleski, E., Smith, A., & Draper, I.L. (2002). Positive Behavior Support: A Proactive Strategy for Minimizing Behavior Problems in Urban Multicultural Youth. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 4(4), 196+. doi:10.1177/10983007020040040301

doi:10.1177/10983007030050020301Warren, J.S., Edmonson, H.M., Griggs, P., Lassen, S.R., Mccart, A., Turnbull, A., et al. (2003). Urban Applications of School-Wide Positive Behavior Support: Critical Issues and Lessons Learned. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 5(2), 80+.

New Teachers
SPECIAL EDUCATION GRADES 8 -- 12

The objective of this study is to interview a teacher and have them review their experiences in a graduate program and discuss components of the program that have been of particular value to them and why these program components have been of value. This study will have the teacher discuss their practicum or field work, observation lessons, including strengths and limitations of the lessons, what areas were discussed during post-observation conference with the observing professor, including recommendations for strengthening teaching skills and building positive relationships with students on the high school level. This study will additionally review five articles that address the problems facing new teachers (in both general and special education) and the kinds of documented supports that have been found to help new teachers effectively respond to such problems.

Introduction

The work of Stansbury and Zimmerman (2000) reports that one-third of all new…...

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Bibliography

Romano, M. And Gibson, P. (2006) Beginning Teacher Successes and Struggles: An Elementary Teacher's Reflections on the First Year of Teaching. The Professional Educator. Volume 28, No. 1. Spring, 2006. Retrieved from: http://www.theprofessionaleducator.org/articles/archives/spring2006.pdf

Ruef, MB, Higgins, C. And Glaeser, BJ (nd) Positive Behavioral Support: Strategies for Teachers. Digital Commons. Retrieved from:  http://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1032&context=gse_fac 

Stansbury, K. And Zimmerman J. (2000) Lifelines to the Classroom: Designing Support for Beginning Teachers. Knowledge Brief. Retrieved from:  http://www.nmu.edu/Webb/ArchivedHTML/UPCED/mentoring/docs/DesigningSupport.pdf 

Teacher Induction: Improving State Systems for Supporting New Teachers. (2012) NASBE Discussion Guide. National Association of State Boards of Education. Mar 2012. Retrieved from:  http://www.newteachercenter.org/sites/default/files/ntc/main/pdfs/brf_nasbe_discussion_guide_teacher_induction_0312.pdf

Dyslexia in IrelandPurcell (2001) notes that nearly 50% of the adult population in Ireland are parents with more women working than ever before. As a result, children are provided more materially in todays Irish society compared to any other previous generation. However, what parents do for their children remains a major issue that is shaped by what society actually wants, encourages, and approves (Leach, 1989). While more women are working in modern Ireland, one of the major issues in modern Irish society is childcare. Caring for children, especially those with dyslexia remains a major problem. The number of children with dyslexia has continued to grow resulting in an ever-increasing need to provide special care services to those children. This paper examines the problem of dyslexia in Ireland with a view of providing recommendations on how it can be addressed.Overview of the Additional NeedDyslexia is essentially a learning difficulty that affects…...

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ReferencesBridgeway Education 2021. Integration vs. Inclusion. Professional Development. Viewed January 12, 2022, Curry, J 2001. Irish Social Services, 3rd ed. Institute of Public Administration: Dublin.Donohoe, J. & Gaynor, F 2003. Education and Care in the Early Years, 2nd ed. Gill and Macmillan: Dublin.Dyslexia Association of Ireland 2020. Students with Dyslexia in an Irish-medium School. Gaeloideaachas. Viewed January 12, 2022, European Agency for Special Needs and Inclusive Education 2022. Country Information for Ireland – Legislation and Policy. Country Information. Viewed January 12, 2022, Holden, L 2013. Spelling out the Needs of Students with Dyslexia. The Irish Times. Viewed January 12, 2022, Leach, P 1989. Children First: What Society Must Do -- and is Not Doing -- for Children Today. Penguin Books: London, UK.McCormack, W 2018. Dyslexia at Second Level: Factsheets for Teachers. National Council for Special Education. Viewed January 12, 2022, National Council for Special Education 2020. Dyslexia and Challenging Behaviour. Department of Education and Skills. Viewed January 12, 2022, National Council for Special Education 2020. Developing a Whole-School Policy on Dyslexia. Viewed January 12, 2022, National Council for Special Education 2020. Review of Current Provision and Services for Students with Learning Difficulties Arising from Dyslexia. Department of Education and Skills. Viewed January 12, 2022, National Council for Special Education n.d. SENO Support Service. Department of Education and Skills. Viewed January 12, 2022, National Council for Special Education 2015. Special Needs Assistant (SNA) Scheme. Department of Education and Skills. Viewed January 12, 2022, National Council for Special Education 2021. Special Needs Education in Primary Schools. Department of Education and Skills. Viewed January 12, 2022, Orpi, D 2019. Highly Effective Dyslexia Interventions and Programs. Thrive Literacy Corner. Viewed January 12, 2022, Purcell, B 2001. For our Own Good: Childcare Issues in Ireland. Collins Press, Dublin. Snowling, M.J 2013. Early Identification and Interventions for Dyslexia: A Contemporary View. Journal of Research in Special Education needs, vol. 13, no. 1, pp.7-14. Vicker, B 2021. Behavioral Issues and the Use of Social Stories. Indiana Institute on Disability and Community. Viewed January 12, 2022,

eview of LiteratureIntroductionTeachers are responsible for students success and achievement. A student who passes well in school has a chance of acquiring numerous opportunities in the global market. However, students who fail in school are likely to fall into poverty or be dependent on others. Hence, teachers are tasked with ensuring that the needs of all students are met. Fortunately, there has been lots of evidence to prove that esponse to Intervention (TI) is an approach that can help us give every student academic support required to effectively learn (Burns, Appleton, & Stehouwer, 2005). TIs fundamental principle is that learning institutions should not wait for students to lag in class for the student to be eligible for special education and offer them the help they need. Instead, learning institutions should offer directed and orderly interventions to all learners as soon as they determine the need.The theoretical framework of esponse to…...

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ReferencesAspiranti, K., Hilton-Prillhart, A., Bebech, A., & Dula, M. E. (2019). Response to Intervention (RtI) and the Impact on School Psychologist Roles: Perceptions and Acceptance of Systems Change. Contemporary School Psychology, 23(3), 327-337.Barrio, B. L., & Combes, B. H. (2015). General education pre-service teachers’ levels of concern on response to intervention (RTI) implementation. Teacher Education and Special Education, 38(2), 121-137.Batsche, G. M., Kavale, K. A. & Kovaleski, J. F. (2006). Competing views: A dialogue on response to intervention. Assessment for Effective Intervention, 32, 6-20.Burns, M. K., Appleton, J. J., & Stehouwer, J. D. (2005). Meta-analytic review of responsiveness-to-intervention research: Examining field-based and research-implemented models. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 23(4), 381-394.Castillo, J., Wang, J., Shum, K. Z., & Daye, J. Professional Development and RtI: Does PD improve implementation?.Cutler, M. (2009). Response to intervention: A study of practices, beliefs, and procedural changes in one school district. Roosevelt University.Duffy, H. (2007). Meeting the Needs of Significantly Struggling Learners in High School: A Look at Approaches to Tiered Intervention. National High School Center.Fuchs, D., Mock, D., Morgan, P. L., & Young, C. L. (2003). Responsiveness?to?intervention: Definitions, evidence, and implications for the learning disabilities construct. Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 18(3), 157-171.Fuchs, L. S., Fuchs, D., & Zumeta, R. O. (2008). Response to intervention. Educating Individuals with Disabilities: IDEIA 2004 and Beyond, 115.Gravois, T. A., & Rosenfield, S. A. (2006). Impact of instructional consultation teams on the disproportionate referral and placement of minority students in special education. Remedial and special education, 27(1), 42-52.Gresham, F. M. (2007). Response to intervention and emotional and behavioral disorders: Best practices in assessment for intervention. Assessment for Effective Intervention, 32(4), 214-222.Johnson, E. S., Smith, L., & Harris, M. L. (2009). How RTI works in secondary schools. Corwin Press.Kratochwill, T. R., & Shernoff, E. S. (2004). Evidence-based practice: Promoting evidence-based interventions in school psychology. School psychology review, 33(1), 34-48.Lipka, O., Lesaux, N. K., & Siegel, L. S. (2006). Retrospective analyses of the reading development of grade 4 students with reading disabilities: Risk status and profiles over 5 years. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 39(4), 364-378.Little, T. D., & Rhemtulla, M. (2013). Planned missing data designs for developmental researchers. Child Development Perspectives, 7(4), 199-204.M. K. Lose (2008). Principal Magazine, 87(3), 20–23McIntosh, K., Goodman, S., & Bohanon, H. (2010). Toward True Integration of Academic and Behavior Response to Intervention Systems: Part One--Tier 1 Support. Communiqué, 39(2), 1-14.National Research Council Report: Minority overrepresentation in special education. (2002). Retrieved July 10, 2008, from K., Hagans, K., & Busse, R. T. (2008). School psychologists as instructional consultants in a response-to-intervention model. The California School Psychologist, 13(1), 41-53.Rafoth, M. A., & Foriska, T. (2006). Administrator participation in promoting effective problem-solving teams. Remedial and Special Education, 27(3), 130-135.Reschly, D. J., & Ysseldyke, J. E. (2002). Paradigm shift: The past is not the future.Smith, T. E. (2005). IDEA 2004: Another round in the re-authorization process. Remedial and Special Education, 26(6), 314-319.Sugai, G., & Horner, R. H. (2009). Responsiveness-to-intervention and school-wide positive behavior supports: Integration of multi-tiered system approaches. Exceptionality, 17(4), 223-237.Vaughn, S., Fletcher, J. M., Francis, D. J., Denton, C. A., Wanzek, J., Wexler, J., ... & Romain, M. A. (2008). Response to intervention with older students with reading difficulties. Learning and Individual Differences, 18(3), 338-345.http://ww.nap.edu/catalog/10128.htmlPowers,