Memo

5/20/2009

e:

Aligning purpose with research questions

The purpose for conducting this study is to determine how the daily duties of suburban resource officers can provide insight into the school violence problem that faces many schools today. I believe that the research questions that I have proposed, with a little tweaking, will help to answer the questions that have been put forth in this study. The ultimate goal is to come up with a way to reduce the amount of school violence that is occurring everyday. Tapping into the supply of middle school resource officers in order to help facilitate a plan is an idea that has not been looked at very closely.

When formulating good research questions it is important to make sure that they have only one single focus (Prasad, ao and ehani, 2001). I believe that my questions are formulated with a single purpose in mind. The purpose being how resource…...

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References

Prasad, Shalini, Rao, Ajith, and Rehani, Eeshoo. (2001). Developing Hypothesis and Research

Questions. Retrieved May 20, 2009, from Web site:

 http://www.public.asu.edu/~kroel/www500/hypothesis.pdf 

The Case Study of as a Research Method. (2006). Retrieved May 20, 2009, from Web site:

This would significantly increase the response rate, but I would be sure the
underlying aspects of the survey were correct first.

Question 8: Define a hypothetical situation in which you would use an
observation form in place of a questionnaire. Discuss the elements of this
situation that would make it more practical for you to use the observation
form.

In the case of researching the development of an entirely new class of
automobiles, where people often don't know what they want until they see
it, I would rely on observation research. These are typically called new
car clinics, where potential new car models are previewed and car companies
ask for feedback on how they are perceived by the public. If I was
designing an entirely new SUV, I would go and observe how families use
their SUVs today, and how singles use SUVs for their mountain camping
hobbies. In short I would go and use observation research to see what
unmet needs people had…...

China and Globalization
THEE ESEACH QUESTIONS ON FACTOS INFLUENCING CHINA'S ISE TO SUPEPOWE STATUS

In evaluating China's prospects for achieving superpower status, especially during this economic crisis, the first research question would take into consideration whether and to what degree the United States is in decline as a superpower, and if it is, then whether China is simply going to achieve superpower status by default. This is what happened to the British Empire after decades of economic decline and then bankruptcy as a result of the Second World War: the U.S. took its place as the leading world power. Certainly the U.S. position seems far shakier today than it did in the 1950s and 1960s or in the 1990s after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Even the predominant economic model that it has been propounding worldwide since the 1980s, that of free trade and free markets is no longer sweeping all…...

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REFERENCES

Case 2-5: Coping with Corruption in Trading with China (2011). "Case of State-Sponsored Extortion Harms China's Progress." Theage.com.au, August 14, 2011.

 http://www.theage.com.au/opinion/editorial/case-of-statesponsored-extortion-harms-chinas-progress-20110813-1is1u.html 

Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) of 1977. U.S. Department of Justice. http://www.justice.gov/criminal/fraud/fcpa/

Hetzel, R.L. (2008). The Monetary Policy of the Federal Reserve: A History. Cambridge University Press.

clarity of purpose, research questions or hypothesis were solid and well researched. The strength of the literature review was its focus upon multidisciplinary studies. Unfortunately, it suffered from a lack of complete. The strength of the sampling regime was its focus. Its weakness was the small size of the statistical sample. The wait control feature enhanced ethical considerations. The random assignment of patients enhanced the baseline measurement instruments. Reliability and validity of the measurement instruments in the study in the opinion of this author compromises the application of the data to a wider setting, although it did help focus. The data collection process was strong due to its use of the wait control group. Unfortunately, this reduced the number of participants in the Breast Cancer Education Intervention (BCEI) study
The threats to external and internal validity surround the small population size (256) patients. This tended in this author's opinion to…...

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Works Cited

Meneses, Karen Dow, McNees, Patrick, Loerzel, Victoria W., Su, Xiaogang, & Zhang,

Ying & Hassey, Lauren. (2007). Transition from treatment to survivorship: effects of a psychoeducational intervention. Oncology Nursing Forum, 34(5), 1007-1016.

U.S. Health Care System 1
With the population in America aging, there is a question of how well prepared the nation is to handle care for the elderly. As Dall et al. (2013) point out, the increasingly large elderly population will require an increasingly large and specially trained health care workforce within the next decade to ensure quality care is available. LTC beds are certainly not the only place to put the elderly and communities can be developed that allow elderly persons who are able to care for themselves to live independently. Younger family members may also be interested in providing support and assistance, and this is important to consider as without some familial or social connection, the elderly population can begin to feel isolated, depressed, and become withdrawn from the world (Rowe & Kahn, 1997).
The best way for people to age out into death is the way that they are most…...

space for a company's computer use growth, it is always important to adjust the structuring of the IT systems. This is especially important in today's technologically integrated world where every organization has to stay up-to-date to remain competitive. This has led to many organizations becoming dependent on IT systems to support the management in making decisions and to make sure that their employees have the information and technologies they need to effectively perform their jobs.
I am in agreement with the argument that it is not the duty of the Chief Information Officer (CIO) to come up with a vision. I think this duty or responsibility lies squarely on the shoulders of the Chief executive officer. The duty of the CIO is to make sure that the organization's information technology is functioning at its optimum and that it can help meet the strategic goals of the business. The CIO reports…...

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References

Jacobus, P. (2000, December 7). Privacy Advocates Wary of Data Sharing Standard. Retrieved from  http://Cnet.com 

Mccaul, B. (2006, July 10). Does Technology Change Culture or Culture changes Technology. Retrieved from http://ebiquity.umbc.edu/blogger/2006/07/10/does-technology-change-culture-or-culturechange-technology/

Privacy Rights Clearinghouse. . (2015, October). Fact Sheet 2: Wireless Communications:Voice and Data Privacy. Retrieved from Privacy Rights Clearinghouse:  http://www.privacyrights.org/wireless-communications-voice-and-data-privacy

tested with subsequent primary research. Yiridoe et al.[footnoteef:1], have found that consumers may choose organic food if they believe it to be safer, an issue associated with knowledge, or lack of knowledge, and stereotyping. Therefore, if assessing attitudes and intention to purchase organic food, these outcomes will be the dependent variables and influences that impact on those will be the independent variables. These may be used to frame the questions. The questions will guide the research process (Bryman & Bell, 2011). The following research questions are recommended. These breakdown the research topic different sub categories which may be assed with primary research. [1: Taken from the literature review, but not cited in the bibliography on that paper]
1. Do most consumers understand what is meant by the term organic, and does education impact on this?

2. How does the understanding of organic foods impact on the purchase decision-making process

3. Does the…...

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References

Bryman, A., & Bell, E. (2011). Business Research Methods. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2012). Research Methods for Business Students. London: Pearson.

everse Golden Section Hold?", the authors have ensured that the hypothesis designed in both studies is a reflection of the purpose of the study while also ensuring that they test everything that pertains to the study in question. The three hypotheses designed in each study do not leave anything unanswered to ensure that the purpose of the study is fulfilled. The questions forming the core of the hypothesis are based on previous researches, which mean that they are the best fit to answer the questions. The hypothesis is designed in a way that they allow the researchers to compare their findings with those of the previous researchers who have done research on the same concept. For example, in the first study, the researcher uses the work of a previous researcher to make predictions (askin & Brett, 2014).
The questions were designed using the survey monkey tool with around 140 participants…...

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References

Babbie, E. (2017). Basics of social research (7th Ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

Burkholder, G. J., Cox, K. A., & Crawford, L. M. (2016). The scholar practitioners guide to research design. Baltimore, MD: Laureate Publishing.

Raskin, J. D, & Brett, B. L. (2014). Does the reverse golden section hold? Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 27(2), 137 -- 146. Doi: 10.1080/10720537.2014.879522

Laureate Education (Producer). (2009d). Quantitative methods: An example [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

at risk of dropping out of school population, giving figures and scholars and research findings and reports that came up with these figures. The writer further outlines the research questions that guide the research and these he categorizes into three research questions. These also help the writer display the problem that the study is meant to address. The research brings forth theories that help explain the research problem like the Grade Point Average theory, grade retention and proficiency tests as methods of measuring performance in schools. The research indicates how the participants were selected and the procedure of the research as well as the parameters or variables that were being measured.
The problem statement of the research was clearly stated as Academic and School Behavioral Variables as Predictors of High School Graduation Among At-isk Adolescents Enrolled in a Youth-Based Mentoring Program" and this leads clearly to the need…...

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Reference

Hickman G.P & Wright D., (2011).Academic and school behavioral variables as predictors of high school graduation among at-risk adolescents enrolled in a youth-based mentoring program. Journal of At-Risk Issues, 16(1), 27 -- 33. Retrieved June 10,2017 from  http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ942899.pdf

Research Question DevelopmentCriminal psychology is one of the most exciting fields in the social sciences, partly ecause of the potential to make a difference in pulic policy and the criminal justice system. A criminal psychologist provides important information aout things like why individuals make choices that lead to criminal ehavior, or how a program can etter help inmates readapt to their communities. Criminal psychologists can also show how eyewitness testimony might or might not e reliale, or how juries perceive certain defendants or cases ased on their own cognitive iases. After rainstorming the sujects related to criminal psychology, I came up with the following three research questions:What psychological factors are related to lower rates of recidivism and/or successful reintegration into the community after incarceration?How can early intervention programs help prevent delinquent youths from ecoming criminal offenders?When do police interrogation techniques lead to false confessions/false witness testimony, and how can false…...

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bibliography. ReferencesHonts, C.R., Kassin, S.M. & Craig, R.A. (2013). I’d know a false confession if I saw one. Psychology, Crime, and Law 20(7): 695-704.Horselenberg, R., Merckelbach, H. & Josephs, S. (2010). Individual differences and false confessions. Psychology, Crime, and Law 9(1): 1-8.Kassin, S.M. (2015). The social psychology of false confessions. Social Issues and Policy Review 9(1): 25-51.Russano, M.B., Meissner, C.A., Narchet, F.M., et al (2005). Investigating true and false confessions within a novel experimental paradigm. Psychological Science 16(6): 481-486.

represented by different methodologies, describing the purpose of every methodology and providing an example of a research problem for every methodology. The ideas that will be discussed in this paper include exemplifying what encompasses a research problem and also making comparisons and contrasts between qualitative research and quantitative research with respect to their strengths and weaknesses.
Matrix

Experimental esearch

Correlational Study

Grounded Theory

Ethnography

Quantitative

Quantitative Study

Quantitative Study

Qualitative Study

Qualitative study

Qualitative study

To enable the researcher manipulate one variable while measuring other variables and therefore making it possible to examine cause and effect of research problems

To measure the relationship or correlation that exists between two variables

To question and interrogate a massive group of people regarding their philosophies and standpoints on a certain phenomenon

To develop a theory or theoretical model where none exists in the literature in relation to the sample

To describe and interpret a cultural or social group of individuals to another culture or group

To develop a comprehensive…...

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References

Bryman, A. (2007). The Research Question in Social Research: What is its Role?" International Journal of Social Research Methodology 10: 5-20.

Choy, L. T. (2014). The strengths and weaknesses of research methodology: Comparison and complimentary between qualitative and quantitative approaches. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 19(4), 99-104.

Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.

Johnson, B., & Christensen, L. (2008). Educational research: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches. Sage.

unequivocal (Coughlan, Cronin & yan, 2007). Also, it should ideally be 10-15 words long. The title of the quantitative article is "Work environment, job satisfaction, stress and burnout among haemodialysis nurses" (Hayes, Douglas & Bonner, 2015). The title clearly adheres to the recommended length of an article title. In addition, the title unambiguously identifies of the purpose of the study, which is to examine relationships between nurse characteristics, work environment attributes, job satisfaction, job stress, and burnout in nurses working in haemodialysis units.
The abstract should provide a succinct summary of the study, inclusive of the research problem, purpose of the research, methodology, sample size, findings, as well as conclusion and recommendations (Coughlan, Cronin & yan, 2007). The reader should judge from the abstract whether an article is worth further reading. Hayes, Douglas & Bonner's (2015) article provides a precise and straightforward overview of the study, clearly summing up the…...

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References

Ahanchian, M., Meshkinyazd, A., & Soudmand, P. (2015). Nurses burnout in psychiatric wards. Fundamentals of Mental Health, 260-264.

Coughlan, M., Cronin, P., & Ryan, F. (2007). Step-by-step guide to critiquing research. Part 1: quantitative research. British Journal of Nursing, 16(11), 658-663.

Hayes, B., Douglas, C., & Bonner, A. (2015). Work environment, job satisfaction, stress and burnout among haemodialysis nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 23, 588-598.

Lee, P. (2006). Understanding and critiquing qualitative research articles. Nursing Times, 102(29), 30-32.

Organizational Innovation
ole Of Leadership And Employees In Organizational Innovation

Organizational success in the current global environment characterized with significant challenges is highly dependent on innovation and creativity. Innovation and creativity contribute to the success of organizational interventions, thereby, contributing to its competitiveness. The current global environment is characterized by rapid adoption of new technologies, reduction in the life cycle of products, and globalization. As such, it implies the need for the organizations to become creative and innovative to compete, survive, lead, and grow in the wake of these challenges. Similarly, significant evidence shows that leadership and the employees play an important role in driving innovation and creativity within the organization. For instance, studies have shown that leadership styles such as transformational and transactional leadership styles, influences innovation, and creativity within the organization positively. However, limited knowledge on the contextual factors under which the effect occurs exists.

Similarly, empirical evidence has that organizational…...

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References

Eisenbeiβ, S.A., & Boerner, S. (2010). Transformational Leadership and R&D Innovation: Taking a Curvilinear Approach. Creativity and Innovation Management, 19(4), 364-372.

Gumusluoglu, L., & Ilsev, A. (2009). Transformational Leadership, Creativity, And Organizational Innovation. Journal of Business Research, 62(4), 461-473.

Hu, H., Gu, Q., & Chen, J. (2013). How and when does transformational leadership affect organizational creativity and innovation?: Critical review and future directions. Nankai Business Review International, 4(2), 147-166.

Liao, S., & Wu, C. (2010). System perspective of knowledge management, organizational learning, and organizational innovation. Expert Systems with Applications, 37(2), 1096-1103.

infused my original assumptions with greater specificity over the course of the gathering of my information. At first, I conducted a literature review of my topic (human trafficking) to establish that there is a recorded tendency that women are more likely to be trafficked than men. But after exploring the data collection process further of these research studies, I began to understand that certain factors can affect even statistical evidence, such as the fact that certain forms of trafficking may be more likely to be detected than other forms. For example, women seem to be more apt to be trafficked into the sex industry. Since all forms of prostitution are illegal in most states, this makes it easier to detect than coerced labor in the agricultural and garment industries and in domestic service (Hepburn & Simon 2010). This highlighted that there will likely always be gaps in whatever data…...

Terrorist Threat to California through Mexican Drug Trafficking
The immigration challenges across all the United tates borders often invoke varied responses from both the average citizens and the law enforcement agencies. The cross border migration that has been of greatest concern is the Mexico to UA migration due to the myriad challenges this migration presents to the U..A. The Mexican population residing to the outh of the U.. has had a strained relationship with its northern neighbor over a long period of time owing to the inconsistency of its immigration policies, the distinctly lower socioeconomic status afforded to Mexicans on both sides of the border and the ravages afflicted upon both sides of the border by the U.. sponsored War on Drugs. Though all of these aforementioned factors are relevant, it is the war on drugs that forms the central concern of this research proposal since it has proven persistent…...

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Sources:

Astorga, L. (2003). Drug Trafficking in Mexico: A First General Assessment. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Online at  http://www.unesco.org/most/astorga.htm 

DeMelo, D. (2005). Merton's Strain Theory. Criminological Theory. Online at <  http://home.comcast.net/~ddemelo/crime/mert_strain.html >

Imperial Valley News (IVN). (2008). Mexican Drug-Trafficking Organization Members Indicted in Operation Money Train. Imperial Valley News.

Jeffrey, T.P. (2009). Drug Cartels Control Crossings. The Washington Times.

Sure! I can certainly help you with creating a research proposal and outline for your college paper on educational reform. Here is an example of how you can structure your proposal and outline, including proper spacing:

Research Proposal:

Title: Examining the Effectiveness of Educational Reform Initiatives in Enhancing Student Achievement

I. Introduction
A. Background and Context
B. Problem Statement
C. Research Questions
D. Significance of the Study

II. Literature Review
A. Overview of Educational Reform
B. Key Concepts and Theories
C. Previous Studies and Findings

III. Methodology
A. Research Design
B. Data Collection Methods
C. Sample Selection
D. Data Analysis Techniques

IV. Expected Results
A. Hypotheses
....

## Navigating the Labyrinth of Gang-Related Essay Topics

Investigating gang-related topics for an essay can be an intricate and illuminating endeavor, allowing you to delve into the complexities of this societal phenomenon. From the historical origins of gangs to their impact on communities and potential solutions, there is a multitude of angles to explore. Let's embark on a journey through ten potential essay topics, each offering a unique perspective on the multifaceted world of gangs:

### 1. The Genesis of Gangs: A Historical Retrospection

Immerse yourself in the historical backdrop of gangs, tracing their origins and evolution across different epochs and geographical regions.....

Outline for Essay: How Historic Events Led to the Emergence of Sociology

I. Introduction
A. Hook: Begin with a compelling statement or anecdote that highlights the profound impact of historic events on the development of human societies.
B. Thesis statement: State the main argument that historic events have played a crucial role in shaping the emergence and evolution of sociology.

II. The Enlightenment and the Roots of Sociology
A. Describe the intellectual and social context of the Enlightenment in Europe during the 18th century.
B. Explain how the Enlightenment thinkers' emphasis on reason, scientific inquiry, and human progress laid the groundwork for....

## Ethical Implications of AI in Society: A Mixed Method Research

### Abstract

This mixed method research aims to explore the ethical implications of artificial intelligence (AI) in society. The study employs a qualitative approach to examine the perspectives of stakeholders and a quantitative approach to analyze ethical concerns raised by AI. The findings will provide insights into the potential ethical challenges posed by AI and inform the development of ethical frameworks for AI development and deployment.

### Background

AI has rapidly advanced in recent years, transforming various aspects of human life. While it offers significant benefits, it also raises ethical concerns that require....