Transparency Essays (Examples)

Nurturing Ethical Diverse Workplace Building Trust Workplace for assignment read required readings ethics module, including 2010 Deloitte LLP Ethics & Workplace Survey ( http://www.

Workplace Diversity Ethics

The productivity and ethics within the workplace environment are significantly influenced by leadership transparency. This issue has been revealed by studies on human resources in several companies. There are several types of leadership, like autocratic, democratic, transformational, transactional laissez-faire leadership and others. Each of these leadership styles has its advantages and disadvantages, and each of them can be successfully used in a certain type of organization. But transparent leadership is much more than a leadership style.

Transparency in leadership does not limit to the transparency of communication. Transparent leaders have been observed to focus on the facts, in comparison with finding someone to put the blame on. This means that these leaders are interesting in understanding the reasons that determine certain situations in…

Reference list:

1. Henry, M. (2012). Transparency and Leadership. Lead Change Group. Retrieved March 13, 2013 from  http://leadchangegroup.com/transparency-and-leadership/ .

2. Pearce, C. et al. (2009). Is Shared Leadership the Key to Team Success. Organizational Dynamics. Retrieved march 13, 2013 from  http://cte.rockhurst.edu/s/945/images/editor_documents/PEARCE%20MANZ%20SIMS%20%20%20Shared%20Ledership.pdf .

Amin, B et al. (2013). Pitfalls of calculating hospital readmission rates based on nonvalidated administrative data sets. Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine, 18(2): 134-138.

This study examines the University of California's Medical Center in San Francisco in order to determine if its all-cause readmission rates accurately reflect the readmission rates for spine injury patients. The secondary purpose of the study is to identify readmission predictors. The researchers collected data from 5780 consecutive patient visits. 5% of the visitors were readmitted within a month of their discharge. The researchers examined variables that led to their readmission and regression analysis was conducted in order to spot predictors. A t-test was also used to see if there was any difference in admission vs. non-readmission incidents. The researchers found that infection was the number one variable leading to readmission, inoperable management the second most common variable, and planned surgery the third most common variable for…

Kachalia, A. (2013). Improving patient safety through transparency. New England

Journal of Medicine, 369: 1677-1679.

This study provides a qualitative review of why transparency is helpful in health care. The researcher shows that openness with patients and clinical health care providers is essential to maintaining a relationship of trust, accountability, and of improving patient safety. The more forthcoming with information that health care providers are with patients, the more forthcoming patients are likely to be with their providers. The research indicates that many health care organizations are still behind the curve when it comes to developing a workplace culture that actively promotes and facilitates transparency. The study indicates that a principled and formal approach to addressing errors in disclosure would go a long way in supporting a culture of transparency. This study is helpful in identifying an issue in nursing that requires attention for the good of both patient and practitioner.

transparency seems to be a huge concern for the accounting profession and that many specialists (e.g. professionals and organizations in the accountancy profession such as Tilley (2010)) see transparency as remaining the next huge issue in the next decade, particularly as businesses outsource, become more complex, and powerful.

Regulations that are in order include the arbanes-Oxley Act (2002) that came into effect due to major accounting and corporate scandals that occurred in the last century such as from WorldCom, Tyco, Peregrine ystems; Adelphia, and Enron, each of which effected share prices of numerous impacted companies and caused the public's trust in security markets to falter (Greer. & Tonge, 2006).

Importance of the OX consists in the fact that it has restored public security in American capital markets and corporate financial statements as well as making corporate accounting more accountable for its actions and strengthening its responsibility. The OX has led…

Sources

Fombrun, C. & Foss, C. 2004, 'Business ethics corporate response'. Corporate Reputation Review, 7, pp.284 -- 288

Greer, L. & Tonge, A. 2006, 'Ethical foundations: a new framework for reliable financial reporting' Business Ethics: A European Review, 15(3), pp. 259-270, Wiley Online Library [Online].

Roslender, R. & Stevenson, J. 2009 'Accounting for people: a real step forward or more a case of wishing and hoping?' Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 20 (7), pp.855-869, ScienceDirect [Online].

Tilley, C. 2010 'Beyond 2010: Accountants in the next decade.'

3.2.3 Portfolio Diversification of Investment in Global Property Markets

ecause the global property markets are affected by globalization and specific country / regional factors, means that the overall amounts of risks will vary, the most notable include: transparency and efficiency. Where, each country / region has different on laws and regulations pertaining to the real estate markets. This means that the risks in a number of different markets will depend upon specific market conditions themselves, reflecting these two factors. To protect themselves against these kinds of risks, many investors will often seek to diversify their portfolio. Diversification is: when you are investing a number of different asset classes in real estate, across a variety of countries / regions. The idea is that if a risk occurs in a specific country or region, the other areas that you are diversified in will protect you against the severity of the declines. For…

Bibliography

2009 A Year of Revival for Property Sector, 2010, Visit Kuwait. Available from: . [30 March 2010].

Barwa Real Estate, 2010, Arabian Business. Available from: . [30 March 2010].

Business Risk, 2010, Invest Words. Available from: [29 March 2010].

Dubai Property Companies Called Merger Off, 2009, Property Wire. Available from: [30 March 2010].

The world's largest economy has seen much since the financial crisis of 2008 began the role toward the precipice in terms of the all Street corruption. Transparency president Nancy Boswell maintains that it is an "integrity gap "(Graham, 2010).

However, this author will identify a different issue. Indeed, this author's view is very long and will take a historical approach in order to prevent another Great Depression, the Congress under President Franklin Delano Roosevelt separated all Street investment banks and regular depository banks. This took away the potential to make incredible profits from trading mortgage-backed securities whose ratings were artificially high. These encouraged banks to take what otherwise would have been intolerable risks in the form of bad loans that were later termed "toxic debt." Under this regime, people were obtaining home loans too easily (known derisively as "liars loans") and that exacerbated the decline once it started (Krugman).

In…

Works Cited

Gettleman, J. (2010, March 16). Somalia's president assails u.n. report on corruption.

Retrieved from  http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/17/world/africa/17somalia.html .

Graham, D. (2010, October 26). U.s. slips to historic low in global corruption index.

Retrieved from  http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/10/26/us-corruption-transparency-idUSTRE69P0X620101026 .

Clearly, he companies engaged in this practice were operating with direct intention, and a roper governance system would have made this obvious and prevented it.

Software Spying

In another telecommunications case, a company was found to have included spyware in a company-sponsored "software upgrade" to users' cell phones, that enabled the company to collect confidential information from users' phones without their consent (Khaleej Times, 2009). Not only is this practice clearly unethical, but it is also illegal despite a lack of stringency in the detection of such crimes and the prosecution of large-scale corporate offenders such as telecommunications companies. Again, greater transparency and internal control would have allowed this practice to be discovered much sooner, and the risk of discovery almost certainly would have prevented this action from ever occurring. Corporate governance works best when it is so strong it is only rarely and usually accidentally tested; when purposeful actions…

References

ADCCG. (2012). Accessed 7 May 2012. http://www.adccg.ae/

ADX. (2012). Mission & Vision. Accessed 7 May 2012.  http://www.adx.ae/English/AboutADX/Pages/MissionVision.aspx 

Creffield, L. (2007). Why you can't block Skype. Accessed 7 May 2012.  http://www.ameinfo.com/93716.html 

Etisalat. (2011). 2010 Annual Report.

Trust and Transparency Literature

The transparency power nexus -- observational and regularizing control by Flyverbom et al. is an article that considers the organizational importance of transparency in relation to power. Specifically, the article seeks to understand the relationship between transparency and power, and finds that essentially this relationship is facilitated by transparency acting as a means of control within an organization. Various ways that management can utilize transparency as a control are identified and explored.

Electronic customer relationship management: opportunities and challenges of digital world by Rad et al. (2015) analyzes some subtle issues of transparency that are prevalent when utilizing CRM (Customer Resource Management) systems in organization's general information technology infrastructure. Many of the challenges involve integrating data between sources and issues of transparency that occur while doing so. The benefits include better customer interaction and communication.

Designing sustainable work systems: the need for a systems approach by…

"Model driven security in a multi-cloud context" by Ouedraogo et al. examines the notion of trust in relationship to collaborative efforts between IT departments in partnerships. Moreover, this article examines this phenomenon in relation to cloud computing, in which the sharing of resources via the cloud can call for doing so in a structured, secure environment accessible to the requisite parties of both teams in a partnership.

"Lying for who we are: an identity-based model of workplace dishonesty" by Leavitt and Sluss (2015) articulates the phenomenon of lying in the workplace as a somewhat necessary means of human interaction. This study examines the root causes of lying in relation to one's identity and to perceived threats to that identity, and determines that lies are invoked in order to preserve one's identity and ward off those threats.

"Employee trust and workplace performance" by Brown et al. (2015) analyzes the relationship betweek workplace performance and trust in management (on the part of conventional employees, i.e. non-managers). The deployment of empirical evidence-based partially on Workplace Employment Relations Surveys indicates a positive correlation between financial performance, labor productivity and service/product quality and average employee trust.

Strategic plan implementation - employees were periodically trained by attending retreats. They needed technical training. She was mostly given the resources to implement her plans. She was pleased with the outcomes of the plan - Strategic plan assessment and outcomes - and related her future requirements as consisting of improved communication and transparency and technical training for employees. I would rate the quality of her work and the quality of the interview high. She seems motivated and interested in her work.

The second interview sounds dispiriting. The answers are short and sullen. The man provided me with little insight about structure. His opinion was almost reverse to that of the woman where he thought that top management and middle management were motivated but that employees were demotivated. My opinion: This may have been due to the fact that he was guarded in his response. Poor motivation on employees part, besides,…

hile U.S., New Zealand and Denmark have many differences, they are basically capitalist, consumer economies. To combat the corruption inherent in such a system, we need to protect and nurture whistle blowing. Certainly, the more eyes there are on a situation, the more transparent it is, both in government and in business.

The corruption that the recent recession revealed in the U.S. banking system is simply a part of the bigger problem. As the Ferrell, Fraedrich & Ferrell text puts it well, "The ability to recognize and deal with complex business ethics issues has become a significant priority…" (Ferrell, Fraedrich, & Ferrell, 2009). Enforcement takes human observation to fulfill this priority. There is not enough police to go around. However, the common citizen, armed with legal protections, will provide this.

orks Cited

Anti-corruption. (2006, November 8). Retrieved 11 August 2010 from http://www.um.dk/en/menu/developmentpolicy/anticorruption/

Caslon analytics guide secrecy and accountability. (2008, February).…

Works Cited

Anti-corruption. (2006, November 8). Retrieved 11 August 2010 from  http://www.um.dk/en/menu/developmentpolicy/anticorruption/ 

Caslon analytics guide secrecy and accountability. (2008, February). Retrieved 11

August 2010 from  http://www.caslon.com.au/secrecyguide10.htm 

Coincidental spike? (2010, April 1). The Economist, Retrieved 11 August 2010 from  http://www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2010/04/heroin_afghanistan

On the other hand, the industry will most likely insist on the service quality segment rather than on the price transparency. A constant improvement of the services provided within the healthcare facility will not only produce the appropriate competition on the market, but it will also provide the incentives for the other healthcare organizations, thus rising overall quality levels in the market. This will rather change the way hospitals price their services rather than price transparency.

Nevertheless, price transparency will change ridiculous situations in which the client is charged $35,000 to change a battery in a pacemaker. It will drive such prices lower, encouraging price competition.

ibliography

1. A Call for Transparency in Healthcare Cost and Quality. On the Internet at http://blogs.msdn.com/healthblog/archive/2006/05/16/599064.aspx.Last retrieved on June 30, 2007

2. Feld, Stanley. What Is Real Price Transparency? Medicine: Healthcare System. May 2007. On the Internet at http://stanleyfeldmdmace.typepad.com/repairing_the_healthcare_/2007/05/what_is_real_pr.html.Last retrieved on June 30, 2007…

Bibliography

1. A Call for Transparency in Healthcare Cost and Quality. On the Internet at  http://blogs.msdn.com/healthblog/archive/2006/05/16/599064.aspx.Last  retrieved on June 30, 2007

2. Feld, Stanley. What Is Real Price Transparency? Medicine: Healthcare System. May 2007. On the Internet at  http://stanleyfeldmdmace.typepad.com/repairing_the_healthcare_/2007/05/what_is_real_pr.html.Last  retrieved on June 30, 2007

Call for Transparency in Healthcare Cost and Quality. On the Internet at

This also implies inadequacies in fiscal sustainability, which influences investments in private sectors.

The second channel happens through the level, composition and quality involved within the public investment, which shows the level at which the public investment replaces the private investments (Schmidt- Hebbel, Serven, & Solimano, 1996).

The final channel regards the level of taxation on the corporate earnings and the rules applicable in depreciations.

There have been arguments that fiscal policy and public expenditure reduces the private investments in two different manners. These include increasing the interest rates or lowering the private funds involved in financing the investments.

According to the neoclassical theory, the interest rate is also an imperative variable in finding the level of investment. Consequently, it results into a negative effect because it upsurges the interest payable in investments. Concurrently, McKinnon and Shaw, contends that this is likely to cause a positive relationship between the investment…

References

Shrestha, M.B. (2005), "ARDL Modelling Aproach to Cointegration Test," Proceedings of the 46th Annual Conference of New Zealand Association of Economists, Paper

No. 13, Wellington, July 2005.

Keynes, J.M. (1936). General Theory on Employment, Interest and Money., London,

Macmillan.

In this sense, it is not simply a matter of theoretical approach, but also one that is accompanied by data. More precisely, for instance, in the 1960s, when, as stated previously, the afflux of the development aid had not been significant, the real GDP per capita was $1,049. Compared to the 1990s when the development aid was more consistent, the real GDP per capita fell to $1,016 and in 1991 to even $970 (Andrews, What foreign aid can and can't do in Africa, 2010). This can be interpreted as being the result of a series of development strategies that did not improve the condition of the society. Also, this period was indeed characterized by increased political distress that only contributed to the way in which development programs were constructed, managed, and implemented.

In later years, through the United Nations programs, the increased donor contributions, the GDP per capita increased substantially,…

Bibliography

UN Habitat. (2003). The challenge of slums - global report on human settlements 2003. United Nations Human Settlements Program.

United Nations Development Program. (2010). Human Development Report. Washington: Palgrave Macmillan.

Andrews, N. (2010).; Understanding the context of Aid and socio economic development in Ghana. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing.

Andrews, N. (2010). Foreign Official Development Assistance (ODA) and Ghana'S Development: The Case for "Bringing Culture Back in "to the Analysis . International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology, 2 (5), 95-104.

Corporate Sustainability

Summary of the purpose of Corporate Sustainability Reporting

Reporting corporate sustainability is one of the best ways to ensure that a company is not only doing well financially in the present but also in securing a better and more certain future. The reporting of corporate suitability ensures that the current needs of the organization are effectively met without comprising future needs of the organization. Reporting on corporate sustainability also ensure that organization are able to keep up with all changes in the industry, with ensuring that new innovations have been developed, maintained and employed in the daily operations of the organization. Corporate sustainability is developed on a grid developed to ensure that the future is secure, and that the organization will survive for a long time.

Corporate sustainability also encompasses the assessment of current and future risks that the organization is likely to endure. As such, a majority…

Bibliography

Chee Tahir, A., and Darton, R. C, 2010, "The process analysis method of selecting indicators to quantify the sustainability performance of a business operation." Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 18, 1598 -- 1607.

Kaufman, A. And Englander, E, 2011, "Behavioral Economics, Federalism, and the Triumph of Stakeholder Theory." Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 102 No.3, 421-438.

Fassin, Y, August 2012. "Stakeholder Management, Reciprocity and Stakeholder Responsibility." Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 109 No.1, 83-96.

Pryor, M, Humphreys, J, Oyler, J, Taneja, S. And Toombs, L, December 2011, "The Legitimacy and Efficacy of Current Organizational Theory: An Analysis." International Journal of Management Part 2, Vol. 28 No.4, 209-228.

public corruption and its effect, including the claim that public corruption in an unavoidable side effect of development. Corruption in public service can be an ongoing concern in many areas. Corruption can lead to disorder, lack of trust in police or other public entities, and to ongoing problems with morale and citizen support. There is an argument that in countries with high levels of corruption, it has some benefit, but that is difficult to accept, as corruption only benefits those who participate in it, and it definitely does not benefit the general population.

The Transparency International Web site defines corruption as "Corruption is operationally defined as the misuse of entrusted power for private gain" (Editors, 2009). They go on to state that public servants (including criminal justice professionals), have a duty to remain above corruption. They note, "It is the duty of civil servants, managers and trustees to act visibly,…

References

Editors. (2009). Corruption FAQs. Retrieved 10 August 2009 from the Transparency International Web site:  http://www.transparency.org/news_room/faq/corruption_faq .

Myint, U. (2000). Corruption: causes, consequences, and cures. Asia-Pacific Development Journal. 7 (2). 33-58.

Spector, B.I. (Ed.). (2005). Fighting corruption in developing countries: Strategies and analysis. West Hartford, CT: Kumarian Press.

" (Bawer, 2005) Thus, culture and a higher cost of going out both come into play. Europeans have more health care and social services than Americans, but they still also pay more in taxes. True, they have better public transportation as well -- but gasoline (in this oil-exporting nation) costs more than $6 a gallon.

Bawer's greatest complaint was his lack of ability to have an exciting nightlife at a decent cost, something he said that was easier in supposedly poorer Spain. But this highlights how European nations still differ in terms of what they value, either wine with friends, or a more frugal and 'saving' standard of living. However, Bawer was correct in the sense that culture and cost may fuse, when comparing Europe as a whole to other nations, as while the private-consumption figure for the United States was $32,900 per person, the countries of estern Europe (again…

Works Cited

Bawer, Bruce. (17 Apr 2005) "We're Rich -- you're not, end of story." The New York Times. Sunday Week in Review. Retrived 17 Apr 2005 at  http://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/17/weekinreview/17bawer.html ?

Economist. (9 Jan 2004) "Plenty of crying over spilt milk." Economist Global Agenda. Retrived 17 Apr 2005 at  http://www.economist.com/agenda/displayStory.cfm?story_id=2327955 

Laroche, Lionel (2004) "The Cultural Differences between the European Union and North America and their Impact on Transatlantic Business." ITAP International. Retrived 17 Apr 2005 at  http://www.itapintl.com/culturaldifferenceseuna.htm

Accountability

"Accountability refers to the mechanisms by which both law enforcement officers and the agencies they serve are held responsible for promoting social order, reducing crime, and treating each individual fairly and within the limits of the law" (Chambliss, 2011). The three dimensions of police accountability are accountability to the public, accountability to the law, and accountability to each other (other members of the police force. If one were to look at the most fundamental dimension of police accountability, such as accountability to the public, one would see just how crucial this is: "It both defines and protects citizens' rights while also promoting a collective sense of faith in the larger criminal justice system" (Chambliss, 2011).

The three E's are "Effectiveness -- whether police accomplish what they are supposed to do: A. Do they effectively control crime? B. Are they successful in arresting offenders? Efficiency-- whether they accomplish their tasks…

References

Chambliss, W. (2011). Police and Law Enforcement. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publishing.

Katz, C. (2002). Chapter Outline. Retrieved from McGraw-Hill.com:  http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/007241497x/student_view0/part3/chapter11/chapter_outline.html 

Newham, G. (2011, June). Tackling Police Corruption. Retrieved from issafrica.org:  http://www.issafrica.org/crimehub/uploads/ISS_Anti-Corruption_SAPU.pdf

Arthur Andersen

Chapter four of our text explains the mandated requirements for legal compliance. The following requirements apply to the Arthur Andersen case. Certainly, accountants are very important in this mix because they are the watchmen for the system, making sure that the books are correct and transparent so that there will be confidence in the system by all of the stakeholders. The tragedy of Arthur Anderson (as well as in the present recession) is that the watchers have falsified the books. In the view of the author, transparency is a major component of faith in the financial system for all stakeholders. When auditing agencies act illegally and unethically, it shakes faith in the system and prevents the normal operation of capitalism because such uncertainty makes it virtually impossible to have normal business planning and day-to-day functioning.

Laws and incentives are instituted by governments to set minimum standards for business…

References

21 famous corporate bankruptcies of 2001-2009. (2009). Retrieved from  http://www.fastupfront.com/blog/business/21-famous-corporate-bankruptcies-from-2001-2009/ .

Institutionalization of business ethics. In (2010). O. Ferrell & J. Fraedrich (Eds.), Business Ethics:

Ethical Decision Making and Cases (p. 90). 125: Cengage.

Kadlec, D., et. al. (2002, January 13). Enron: Who's accountable?. Retrieved from  http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1001636,00.html .

Teaming and Emerging Business Trends

Organizations and business in the 21st century are not like those of even the last part of the 20th century. Several factors influence this evolution: globalism, increased expectations of transparency, stakeholder comments and involvement, and governmental regulation. Many of these expectations are generational and part of the ongoing evolutionary process of culture and attitudinal change. For instance, the success or failure of a contemporary business or organization is quite dependent upon the management of diversity. Public and private sector organizations, both are involved in numerous federally mandated programs that are designed to reduce cultural and communication barriers within the workplace. Multiculturalism is no longer a "nice-to," with the era of globalization upon us, and rapidly growing, diversity training and maximization of multicultural understanding, combined with management and leadership commitment to provide a diverse workplace, is now the norm. The same is true in accepting and…

Resources IQ: http://www.humanresourcesiq.com/article.cfm?externalID=165

Garrow, V. a. (2008). Talent Management: Issues of Focus and Fit. Public Personnel Management, 37(4), 389-402.

Henemen, R. (2001). Reward and Organizational Systems Alignment: An Expert System. Compensation and Benefits Review, 33(6), 18-29.

Pryor, M., et al. (2009). Teaming as a Strategic and Tactical Tool. International Journal of Management, 26(2), 320-33.

Reinhardt, W. et al. (2011). Knowledge Worker Roles and Actions. Knowledge and Process Management, 18(3), 150-74.

Marketing Will Affect Someone's Life in the Future

How Marketing Will Affect a Person's Life in the Future

The growing reliance on social media as a means to communicate has created a new level of collaboration between customers and the brands they trust. This, along with several of the trends identified and analyzed in this paper, are accelerating in their impact on people globally. Over the next decades and generation, these changes will also serve to redefine the relationships between customers and brands they choose to trust. One of the most significant of all factors that is emerging today and will continue to accelerate is the critical nature of trust. This is a galvanizing thread that runs through all of the trends and observations mentioned throughout this analysis. The net or aggregate effect of all of these factors and trends will be a truer, more accurate and purified form of…

Corporate Governance in ussia

Accountability of Corporations

Delivering a financial report in a timely manner is quite important. Financial report becomes stale quickly, so informing while the information is still new and relevant is important. The longer one waits to post financial information, the less significant it is[footnoteef:1]. Timeliness of financial reporting and channeling is one of the benchmarks the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has began to show the quality of a corporation's corporate governance practices. The present research shows the timeliness of financial posting of the ussian banking sector and contrasts it to the timeliness of financial publishing for selected banks in the U.S. And Europe. [1: Guriev, Sergei and Andrei achinsky, "Ownership concentration in ussian industry," Background paper for ussia CEM 2003 March 2004]

Approach and characteristics of the system

Ten years of improvements, during which the economy in ussia has undergone historical changes, have…

References

International Finance Corporation, the Russia Corporate Governance Manual, Part III Shareholder Rights, Alpina Business Books, Moscow 2004

International Finance Corporation, the Russia Corporate Governance Manual, Part IV Information Disclosure and Transparency, Alpina Business Books, Moscow 2004

Gompers, Paul A., Ishii, Joy L. And Metrick, Andrew, "Corporate Governance and Equity Prices." Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 118, No. 1, pp. 107-155, February 2003

Brown, Lawrence D. And Caylor, Marcus L., "Corporate Governance and Firm Performance" (December 7, 2004)

Policy Efficacy: Terrorist Activity since 9/

Terrorism

The terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 changed the world forever. This one of the most successful and large-scale attacks in the history of transnational terrorism. These attacks sent effects and shockwaves into the everyday lives of Americans and New Yorkers for over a decade. This paper asks how the counterterrorist policies measure up? Are they working? How do we know if they are or not? The paper clearly defines the terms to be used and considered over the course of the discussion as a means to add transparency to an already vague and opaque topic. The paper concludes that counterterrorism tactics as they currently stand are ineffective for several reasons including lack of political, international cooperation and no standard by which to gauge policy efficacy.

esearch & Policy Efficacy: Terrorist Activity since 9/11

Criminology is a truly a science of the nature…

References:

Adams, N., Nordhaus, T., & Shellenberger, M. (2011) Counterterrorism since 9/11: Evaluation the Efficacy of Controversial Tactics. The Science of Security, Breakthrough Institute.

Bacevich, A.J. & Prodromou, E.H. (2003) God is not Neutral: Religion and U.S. Foreign Policy after 9/11. Foreign Policy Research Institute, Elsevier Limited, 43 -- 54.

Hoffman, B. (2002) Rethinking Terrorism and Counterterrorism since 9/11. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 25(1), 303 -- 316.

Kunreuther, H. & Michel-Kerjan, E. (2004) Policy Watch: Challenges for Terrorism Risk Insurance in the United States. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 18(4), 201 -- 214.

Sociology -- Human Services

Governance and Leadership

Steven Ott (2001, p.1) defines governance as an "umbrella term that includes the ultimate authority, accountability, and responsibility for an organization." However, literature and several case studies have identified that leaders play a significant role in supporting governance (Lord et al., 2009) and there is a two-way link between leadership and governance. Leadership not only provides the direction for governance by promoting a shared understanding but also clarify the roles between the local and national actors (Craig, 2005). It also encourages interagency collaboration, team working and commitment at all levels of governance (obinson et al., 2008).

According to ANAO (2003, p.15), "Leadership sets the 'tone at the top', and is absolutely critical to achieving an organization-wide commitment to good governance."

This paper discusses the case of "Tainted Blood Scandal" in result of which public lost trust in the Canadian ed Cross. This trust…

References

Abecassis, M., Benjamin, D., & Tessier, L. (2009). Clear Blood. Stanford Social Innovation Review, 7, 68+.

Retrieved January 1, 2012.

Australian National Audit Office (ANAO, 2003), Public Sector Governance, Volumes 1 & 2: Better Practice Guide,

Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra,

There were certain moments in my life which did not allow me to pursue my study programs as desired; yet it was precisely this set of obstacles which consisted a challenge for me and determined me ever more strongly to pursue my goal. Therefore, I am due to graduate in May 2008 with a presentation entitled "Have Central Banks and Private Agents Become Wiser?" conducted under the supervision of Dr. Dennis Novy who has also offered me considerable support in trying to address issues such as inflation, the role of central banks, and their relation with private agents. His precious advice has led me to follow lines of thought different from the ones already addressed by the literature and has opened new research directions I intend to analyze in my future studies.

Aside from the traditional academic environment created by the universities I attended, another important input represented the experience…

Sears Organization's Strategy And Structure:

Sears Holdings is regarded as one of the most significant broadline retailers with more than 4,000 full-line and specialty in America and Canada. The organization is the leading retailer of home appliance, consumer electronics, tools, automotive repair and maintenance, and lawn and garden. One of the major features of this organization is that it operates through its subsidiaries like Sears, Kmart Corporation, and oebuck and Co. The company is committed to enhancing its customers' lives by providing quality products, services, and solutions resulting in trust and development of long-term relationships. As part of its organizational culture, Sears and its associates value positive energy, integrity, and teamwork.

Sears Organizational Strategy and Structure:

In attempts to improve its satisfaction of customer needs, Sears recently transformed its organizational structure in various ways. The company adopted a more flexible structure that embraces change in line with the various elements…

References:

"The Strategy-Structure Mismatch." (2008). Willamette University. Retrieved from Willamette

University website:  http://www.willamette.edu/~fthompso/MgmtCon/Strat&Struct.html 

Thomson, G.S. (2007, October). Organization Behavior Evaluation -- Sears Holdings Co.

Retrieved November 2, 2011, from  http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1016&context=grace_thomson&sei-redir=1&referer=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.co.ke%2Furl%3Fsa%3Dt%26rct%3Dj%26q%3Dsears%2520organizational%2520strategy%2520and%2520structure%26source%3Dweb%26cd%3D1%26ved%3D0CBgQFjAA%26url%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fworks.bepress.com%252Fcgi%252Fviewcontent.cgi%253Farticle%253D1016%2526context%253Dgrace_thomson%26ei%3DYWuvTp6VONG7hAeI-7zQAg%26usg%3DAFQjCNHoNYAhQyzQsNjKyG9yr6ZYxxXDvw%26cad%3Drja#search=%22sears%20organizational%20strategy%20structure%22

Ethical Issues at Apple

Apple Inc. is one of the leading global companies, but in spite of its success, it is also faced with some legal and ethical issues, such as the employment of under-aged workers in ten of its plants in China. The company is striving to address these issues as apart of a wider commitment to transparency and sustainability, but more dramatic measures might be necessary.

Apple Inc. is one of the largest companies of the globe, having in fact the largest capitalization of al companies -- 563 billion (Y Charts, 2012) -- and also being the largest company in the IT field, generating more revenues that Microsoft and Google combined (Goldman, 2012). Apple is mostly popular due to the high level of technologic innovation it has made fun and easily available to the larger market. But aside from its success, the company has also been blamed for…

References:

Goldman, D., 2012, Apple's $46 billion sales set new tech record, CNN Money,  http://money.cnn.com/2012/01/24/technology/apple_earnings/index.htmlast  accessed on July 23, 2012

Moore, M., 2011, Apple's child labor issues worsen, The Telegraph,  http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/apple/8324867/Apples-child-labour-issues-worsen.html  last accessed on July 23, 2012

2010, Criticism of Apple Inc., Blog, http://criticismofappleinc.blog.com / last accessed on July 23, 2012

Apple Supplier Responsibility, 2011 Progress Report,  http://images.apple.com/supplierresponsibility/pdf/Apple_SR_2011_Progress_Report.pdf  last accessed on July 23, 2012

Translation Adjustment

Accounting Statement Translation Adjustments for Foreign Subsidiaries

As demonstrated on the attached spreadsheet, when preparing financial statements from a foreign subsidiary of a U.S.-owned company, which will typically conduct business in a foreign currency (the domestic currency of the subsidiary's country of operation), there is a somewhat complex series of adjustments that must take place to account for currency exchange rates during the period covered by the statements. In order to meet current U.S. GAAP standards, the historic rate of exchange -- i.e. The actual rate of exchange at the time of a specific transaction -- must be used, while for other items the current rate of exchange -- i.e. The rate of exchange at the time the statements are being prepared/translated -- is preferred. To complicate things further, at times the average exchange rate for the period as a whole should be used to reflect the value…

egulating Internet Privacy

Privacy regulation has remained pinnacle of issues that got birth with internet. Every innovation in technology is at the expense of privacy; it is no more there as most of technicians believe. A layman using internet does not find how and when his personal information is can be traced by someone else; privacy at workplace that was once enjoyed by the employees is no more at one's disposal, and the never ending cookies and internet bugs allow heightened levels of internet surveillance. General public, heedlessly, isn't aware of such issues and is jolted only when such issues are raised on media. Marc otenberg tells us about its importance, "Privacy will be to the information economy of the next century what consumer protection and environmental concerns have been to the industrial society of the 20th century" (Spinello, 2003).

What is the extent of privacy erosion? Where is it…

References:

Lugaresi, N. (2010). Electronic privacy in the workplace: Transparency and responsibility. International review of law, computers & technology, 24(2).

OECD guidelines on the protection of privacy and transporter flows of personal data. (n.d.). Retrieved April 10, 2013, from  http://www.oecd.org/internet/ieconomy/oecdguidelinesontheprotectionofprivacyandtransborderflowsofpersonaldata.htm 

Schwartz, Paul M. (2000). Internet privacy and the state. Connecticut Law Review, Vol. 32, spring.

Spinally, R.A. (2003). Cyber Ethics: Morality and law in cyberspace. Canada, CA: Jones and Barlett Publishers.

Ethical Behaviors of Mattel in the Toy Industry

The ethicacy of corporate behaviors are influenced by a myriad of factors yet most strongly reflect the internal culture, alignment of leadership to vision, and accumulated trade-offs made by management over years of ethical decisions, trade-offs and outcomes. In the study Mattel, Inc.: Global Manufacturing Principles (GMP) - A life-cycle analysis of a company-based code of conduct in the toy industry (Sethi, Veral, Shapiro, Emelianova, 2011) the authors successfully provide insights into the moral and ethical dilemmas of operating a multinational corporation (MNC) that is highly dependent on Global Manufacturing Principles (GMP). The life-cycle analysis of company-based code of conduct also illustrates how creating a solid ethical foundation using a Corporate Social esponsibility (CS) platform is only as effective as the aligning of senior management, vision and mission, and manufacturing, sourcing, supply chain and distribution is (Sethi, Veral, Shapiro, Emelianova, 2011). When…

References

Gordley, J., & Cecil, S. (1998). Good faith and profit maximization. Review of Business, 19(4), 11-17.

Heinze, E. (2010). The meta-ethics of law: Book one of Aristotle's Nicomachean ethics. International Journal of Law in Context, 6(1), 23-44.

Kielsgard, M.D. (2011). Universalism and human rights in the 21st century. Asia Pacific Law Review, 19(2), 155-176.

Machan, T.R. (2004). Aristotle and the moral status of business. Journal of Value Inquiry, 38(2), 217-223.

Shared value as a business approach is integral in conducting business because it both creates economic value and societal benefit. Businesses create shared value when they can make profit while also meeting important social needs like improving environmental performance, reducing health related problems, improving nutrition, reducing disability among other factors. When businesses create shared value to make profit and meet societal needs. Shared value should not only be thought of in the context of doing more good. It also encompasses aspects of capitalism (Driver, 2011). Capitalism has relegated many important aspects of society like improvement of environmental performance, safety, and focus on the local community to the periphery of the business operations because of a notion that these are social and not business related activities. The shared value concept includes all these social items into capitalism. For profit firms that engage in these social activities stand to gain a lot…

References List

Driver, M. (2011). An Interview with Michael Porter: Social Entrepreneurship and the Transformation of Capitalism. Retrieved from  http://amle.aom.org/content/11/3/421.full 

Gibson, P. (2011). Shared Value. Business and the Environment, 22(3), 1-4.

Porter, M.E. & Kramer, M.R. (2011). Creating Shared Value: How to reinvent Capitalism-and

Unleash a Wave of Innovation and Growth. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved from  http://www.hks.harvard.edu/mrcbg/fellows/N_Lovegrove_Study_Group/Session_1/Mich

The conclusions posited by Schulz and Sanocki warrant further study, as the integration of the preconstancy and postconstancy positions represent a major shift in Gestalt grouping research. By establishing the theoretical foundations of multiple grouping processes, and providing empirical evidence to support this emerging notion, the work of Schulz and Sanocki provided the basis for additional study on Gestalt grouping during early- and late-stage vision.

6.) Design an experiment that will look at perceptual grouping using another Gestalt principle of grouping (e.g., proximity) or another type of constancy (e.g., size, shape) (maximum 1-page, 7 points as detailed below)

The following experiment is intended to examine the Gestalt grouping principle of closure as it relates to the type of shape depicted. Participants in the study will be exposed to a rotating assortment of incomplete shape outlines, including the familiar (square, circle, and octagon), the obscure (rhombus, kite, and trapezoid), and the…

References

Schulz, M.F. & Sanocki, T. (2003). Time course of perceptual grouping by color. Psychological Science, 14 (1), 26-30

Conversation -- "Undemocratic Curriculum"

This paper will argue that Gerald Graff is correct: the university and college system is secretive and vague. This secrecy, opacity, and lack of democracy ultimately contributes to the failure of students at the university level and likely in the professional realms. It is true that a portion of the responsibility to be prepared is upon the student. There is no doubt about that. Yet education, particularly in the 21st century, has increasingly failed students in preparation for and success in college. As Graff argues, there is a distinctive lack of transparency in academic at the university level and it is a problem with several systemic effects.

Graff writes:

"The college curriculum exposes students to a rich menu of disciplines courses, texts, ideas, and methods and says, in effect, 'Come and get it, but you're on your own as to what to make of it; and…

Later, Graff writes:

"If I am right that curricular cognitive overload is a central cause of student cluelessness, then improving education -- and closing the achievement gap -- will not be possible until academic institutions get as good at pedagogical simplification as we are at proliferating multiplicity and complication. We cannot make the curriculum more transparent -- that is more democratic -- until we are willing to be reductive about how academics is played, and this means getting over our protective queasiness about totalizing self-characterizations." (Graff, 2007,-Page 131)

Students experience sensory overload because of college. It is expected, but it is also detrimental because it is unregulated. College students literally have no idea what they are doing and the opacity of how to be successful in college is staggering. Democratic education is supposed to be when all parties participate in the decision making process together. In democratic education, the emphasis is on learning through experiences and shared activities. Democratic education says that all students of all ages and levels learn together and from each other. Crucially, students in democratic education mentor each other in intellectual and social skills. This is one of Graff's major points: college students significantly lack intellectual socialization at the college level. If democratic education exists with the free exchange of ideas, conversations, and interplay among lots of people, can we truly call the current state of university education democratic? How long can we ignore the democratic gap as much as we ignore the achievement gap?

Open Systems Models

The company that I am going to study is Google. Their primary business is online advertising, where they are the industry leader. Google owns many of the world's top websites, and uses its immense database of information about user preferences to give it competitive advantage in this business. The company has also proven to be one of the most collaborative and innovative companies. Two of its other products -- the Android mobile operating system and the Chrome browser, are also market leaders, even though they do not generate significant revenue for the company. This paper will focus on open systems as Google, to illustrate how the principles of open systems work.

Open Systems Elements

There are several elements to systems, including inputs (resources), organization culture, organization structure, behavior, processes and technologies. All of this lead to outputs. When these elements work well together -- when they are…

References

Harrison, M. (2004). Diagnosing Organizations: Methods, Models, and Processes (Applied Social Research Methods) (3rd ed.) Sage Publications.

Tapscott, D. (Artist), & TEDTalks, (Producer) (2012).Don Tapscott: Four principles for the open world [Web]. Retrieved from  http://www.ted.com/talks/don_tapscott_four_principles_for_the_open_world_1 

Innocentive. (2014). Google's 9 principles of innovation -- open innovation through culture. Innocentive. Retrieved March 31, 2014 from  http://www.innocentive.com/blog/2014/01/29/googles-9-principles-of-innovation-open-innovation-through-culture/ 

Google. (2014). Ten things we know to be true. Google. Retrieved March 31, 2014 from  http://www.google.ca/about/company/philosophy/

There needs to be a more thorough focus on how CS programs in India require disclosures, how these disclosures need to be handled, and guidance on how best for the CEO to respond and be responsive to them (Dizik, 2009). A press release will not solve this issue, yet a strategic plan aimed at averting problems like this in the future will. The CS requirements in India are among the most stringent and extensive globally for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and also require an Indian national to be on the board of directors (Sharma, Tyagi, 2010). Coca-Cola needs to make a formal apology to the Indian people and provide very concrete, step-by-step directions as to how they will alleviate this problem going forward, including their key board members as well. A comprehensive plan is necessary to turn around the situation and place it on a better overall path of progress.…

References:

(Dizik, 2009)

Alina Dizik. (2009, November 19). Education for Executives: Building Responsibility - Firms Look to Business Schools to Develop Good Practices. Wall Street Journal (Eastern Edition), p. B.8.

(Ghosh, Chakraborti, 2010)

Ghosh, a., & Chakraborti, C.. (2010). Corporate Social Responsibility: A Developmental Tool for India. IUP Journal of Corporate Governance, 9(4), 40-56.

This can only be accomplished by first focusing on the entire value chains' unmet needs, and given the monopolistic approaches of De Beers in this industry, channel partners and retailers will have many unmet process needs that once served could turn into a significant competitive advantage. The initial visits to each export market would need to be on a regular basis to build trust with each member of the value chain and also stabilize distribution channels first, and second, looking for innovative and creative ways to make adaptation and customization strategies successful in each market. Only by working to create these unique competitive advantages and most importantly, building trust throughout the entire value chain can a new market entrant be financially viable against cartels like De Beers in the long run.

Question 2 - Operations Management Questions for creating De Beers as a New Brand

Part I Process Map: Using…

IAC (iordan)

Any company that is a leader in an industry knows that what they sell had better be both quality and innovative in order to compete within their designated industry. iordan Manufacturing is no different. iordan has long been a company that offers both quality and innovative products in the plastic molding and parts industry. It also has a strong internal structure that works harmoniously with the objectives of the company. Despite iordan's position as a leader in their industry, the company does face some internal challenges, which work against their company objectives. This paper will look at these areas that require improvement, including finance and accounting, training budget, shipping and receiving, human resources, and the new pyramid bottle cap design for The Taylor Group. The paper will utilize the Issue, ule, Analysis and Conclusion (IAC) method in each distinct area.

Finance and Accounting

Issue: One of the chief…

References

Association for Automatic Identification and Mobility: Technologies: RFID / What is RFID?.

(2011).

Retrieved on 19 April 2011:

 http://www.aimglobal.org/technologies/rfid/what_is_rfid.asp

Risk Management Issue

Over the last several years, the issue of patient safety has been increasingly brought to the forefront. Part of the reason for this, is because a number of high profile accidents have taken place. This has increase the chances that patient will develop complications. Evidence of this can be seen by looking no further than the most commonly reported cases involving malpractices lawsuits to include: incidents involving misdiagnosis, prescription medication errors, Obstetrics and surgery. As, these different events account for a total of: 62% of all medical malpractice cases. ("CRICO Coverage," 2011) This is significant, because it shows how the underlying risks facing many health care organizations have risen exponentially. In the case of the health organization we are studying, they have taken different steps to address these kinds of issues that they are facing. To fully understand the overall scope of their strategy requires: looking at…

Bibliography

CRICO Coverage. (2011). Harvard University. Retrieved from:  http://www.rmf.harvard.edu/ 

Gray, J. (2005). Real Time Patient Safety Audits. Quality Safety Health Care, 14, 284 -- 289.

Rogers, A. (2004). The Working Hours of Hospital Staff. Health Affairs, 23 (4), 202 -- 212.

Watson, R. (2008). Improving Patient Safety. Journal of Critical Care, 23 (2), 207 -- 221.

Organization

Given how turbulent and uncertain nearly every industry is today every organization is engaging in several different forms of research to lessen risk and gain in greater insights into potential opportunities. Many are researching their competitors at varying levels, from the cursory review of their website to the more in-depth reverse engineering of their products and unethical access to their pricing, customer bases and weaknesses in sales cycles (Mulki, Jaramillo, 2011). Across the many methodologies used for completing research that encompass primary and secondary research approaches, there is the common need of ensuring a very high level of ethicacy and transparency as well (Zabriskie, Huellmantel, 1994). Many times business managers and owners forget that the results of their research, if done to just support a point or position, is actually worthless on all counts and only serves to further confuse and potentially cost a company valuable time and financial…

References

Burkey, J., & Kuechler, W.L. (2003). Web-based surveys for corporate information gathering: A bias-reducing design framework. IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication, 46(2), 81-93.

Holmes, M., & Reid, J. (1995). Company market research departments - expansion, contraction, privatisation. Marketing and Research Today, 23(1), 3-3.

Mulki, J.P., & Jaramillo, F. (2011). Ethical reputation and value received: Customer perceptions. The International Journal of Bank Marketing, 29(5), 358-372.

Zabriskie, N.B., & Huellmantel, A.B. (1994). Marketing research as a strategic tool. Long-Range Planning, 27(1), 107-107.

Decisions in Paradise

The many infrastructure and culturally-based challenges that Nik, his team and Mr. Morales face illustrate how challenging new business development can be in an island nation the size and location of Kava. What is immediately apparent from the case is that there is ample opportunity to enrich the island's economy and people while also building a strong, scalable business at the same time. Today however the island nation has an infrastructure that is lacking, an economy that is for the most part agrarian, and a young inexperienced workforce lacking advanced skills and education. It's going to be very challenging for Nik and his team to build a business on Kava, making the selection of a common vision, strategic plan and objectives, and core values of the team critical for their success. The decision making tools used, and the selection of vision, mission and goals all need to…

References

Alstyne, Marshall van, Erik Brynjolfsson, and Stuart Madnick (1997). "The Matrix of Change: A Tool for Business Process Reengineering." MIT Sloan School  http://ccs.mit.edu/papers/CCSWP189/ccswp189.html 

Muller, R., & Turner, R.. (2010). Leadership competency profiles of successful project managers. International Journal of Project Management, 28(5), 437.

Pandelica, I., Pandelica, A., & Dabu, B.. (2010). The Response of Organizations in Crisis Conditions. Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge, 15(2), 151-160.

Paul, R. And Elder, L. (2001) - Critical Thinking-Tools for Taking Charge of Your

He sees a lack of honesty being a major detriment not to just the character of a company but to its operations as well.

In one of the most interesting areas of the interview, Mr. Huang discusses how he goes through the interview process at Nvidia. What he's looking for is a person passionate about what they are doing, sees the vision of where the company is going, and also is resilient to adversity enough to survive in a rapidly changing environment. He sees these three elements as absolutely essential to a person excelling in their role. His comment that he loves to hear that people love doing the work they are being considered for, that they have an innate passion for it. From the conversation with the interviewer it is clear he hires based on the skill level of the applicant, the fascination or passion they have with the…

References

Steven a. Ballmer, the CEO of Microsoft, Meetings, Version 2.0, at Microsoft

 http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/17/business/17corner.html 

John Chambers, CEO of Cisco, in a Near-Death Event, a Corporate Rite of Passage

 http://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/02/business/02corner.html

The project manager should at all times be present to monitor and ensure that it's the correct mixing of materials being done, it's the right quality of material being used, and it's the right amount of time being given to the treatment process in the different construction phases. In the event that this is not observed, and the building is erected, there's a high probability that the building will deteriorate at an early stage before its lifespan or even collapse as witnessed almost daily Zwikael and Ahn, 2011()

As a construction is ongoing, a major contribution to its success is the relationship between the different stakeholders. This includes the architect, the engineer, the owner, the contactor and the workers. In order to smoothly run the project and limit malice and incorporation, there should be a union and set goals and objectives between all these parties so as to ensure everyone…

References

BUYS, A., BENDEWALD, M. & TUPPER, K. 2011. Life Cycle Cost Analysis: Is it Worth the Effort? ASHRAE Transactions, 117, 541-548.

CHRIS HENDRICKSON 1998. Project Management for Construction. 2 ed.: Prentice Hall PTR.

EHRENFELD, J.R. 1996. Risk Assessment and Management: A Critique of Current Practices and Policy Implications. Organization & Environment, 9, 376-404.

GURCANLI, G.E. & MUNGEN, U. 2009. An occupational safety risk analysis method at construction sites using fuzzy sets. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 39, 371-387.

5% unemployment figure, 7.6% inflation ratio, and $4.5 trillion in debt, Guatemala is forced to rely on external factors to survive.

National exports are coffee, sugar, bananas, fruits and vegetables, cardamom, meat, apparel, petroleum, electricity and the 9/11 events in the United States have severely impacted tourist trade.

Venezuela

Venezuela is a federal republic with over 24 million citizens, 67% of which live in poverty and 14% are unemployed.

The GDP is made up primarily of services with petroleum, bauxite and aluminum, steel, chemicals, and agricultural products composing the primary exports. Tourism is impacted negatively by the events of terrorism and the typical 587,000 visitors each year has dwindled considerably.

The Argument

ECLAC's annual calendar reflects multiple meetings, lectures, educational workshops, conferences, seminars, and training sessions. Nowhere is there found a work initiative, a concerted on-site initiative or focused fund raiser, or any effort of measurable practicality.

According to the…

Bibliography

Altimir, Oscar & Sourrouille, Juan. Measuring Levels of Living in Latin America -- an Overview of Main Problems. The World Bank -- Working Paper no. 3. World Bank. Washington, D.C. 1980. Benson Collection. HC 59.7 a 47, 1980 LAC. (6)

Altimir, Oscar. The Extent of Poverty in Latin America. World Bank Staff Working Papers - Number 522. The World Bank. Washington, D.C. March 1982. (4-6)

Cardoso, Fernando Henrique & Faletto, Enzo. Depend ncia e Desenvolvimento na America Latina. Zahar Editores. Sao Paulo, 1970-73. Benson Collection HC 125 C3413 LAC. (1-3)

Cardoso, Fernando Henrique. Dependency Revisited. Institute of Latin American Studies - the University of Texas at Austin. Austin, 1973. Benson Collection HC 125 C34162 LAC. (1)

As a result, he was called upon to conduct internal investigations. Because of his loyalty to the police department and to his fellow officers, these investigations were challenging for Melvin. Anyone involved in an internal investigation is subject to different treatment by his peers. However, to Melvin, a police officer without integrity damages the whole group of police officers.

Another skill that Melvin developed as a police officer was the ability to be flexible. As most people are aware, police officers rarely work a normal schedule. His flexibility involved more than his schedule; he also had to learn how to be flexible in his approach to problem-solving. Every scenario he faced presented new challenges for him. Therefore, he had to learn how to approach things in an innovative manner, while still following the rules and regulations for police officers.

In fact, attention to rules and regulations is a critical part…

H.B. Fuller in Honduras: Street Children and Substance Abuse

The discussion of ethics in business is one that continues to receive increased attention in today's society, especially in viewing the ever-increasing technological business facets that exist in today's business environment. With the increased transparency of the internet age, as well as growing emphasis on a connected, global economy, the issue of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is one that has risen to the forefront in the minds of many business owners and stakeholders, alike. Ethical issues in the business world occur quite frequently in the business world today, and certain courses of action must be taken in order to ensure that a business fulfills its duties, not only to itself but to its stakeholders, in undertaking a course of action on such ethical dilemmas. In these situations, each step -- or misstep -- can alter the future of a company forever,…

Sears Organization & Systems

Sears Organization

The organizational structure of a company reveals a substantial amount of information about its strategy, change attitude, and the environmental and competitive landscape. A company's organizational design should correspond to their core competencies and strategic orientation. Sears is a company focused on stability and prosperity and is an organization that is prepared to embrace change.

Organizational Style

Overholt (2003) developed a framework for analyzing the organizational subsystems of an organization. The subsystems delineated by Overholt (2003) include: Genetic core, philosophy, formal organization, and information, technology work & processes. An organizations genetic core is its source of individual or team-based decision-making. Its philosophy is the level of contingent or pre-set rules that are used in the organization. When analyzing formal organization, the hierarchical levels, degree of control, and the reward systems are of interest. Information, technology, and work processes is fairly self-explanatory, including the decisions…

References

Bolman, L.G. And Deal, T.E. (2008) .Reframing organizations: Artistry, choice, and leadership. New York, NY; John Wiley & Sons.

Kanter, R.M. (2007, October). Challenge of Organizational Change: How Companies Experience It and Leaders, New York, NY: Simon and Schuster. Retrieved  http://books.google.com/books?id=KxWS967Hs7AC&pg=PA159&lpg=PA159&dq=Sears++Rosebeth+Moss+Kanter&source=bl&ots=&sig=nQ1UqejJ2Za8FH29V6kbKsNBWTs&hl=en&ei=Ffe7Tv20B-reiAKbwpH6BA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false 

Organizational Change: Managing the Human Side, (1997). American Productivity and Center Organizational Change Consortium Benchmarking Study. Retrieved  http://www.exinfm.com/pdffiles/change_apqc.pdf 

Overholt, M. (2003). Flexible Organizations: Using Organizational Design as a Competitive

VD industry, located in Singapore, offers manufacturing services of components for the auto industry in both GM in the U.S., Europe and other U.S. automakers. In the recent past, this industry expanded in the exporting its products to GM in China. This illustrated a massive growth in terms of marketing for its business. The VD industry operates as a three product divisional strategic businesses, located within the same business complex, which includes; electrical and energy, automotive parts and infotainment (Burnes, 2000, p. 15). As an external change consultant for the VD industry, several factors or assumptions based on the problems experienced by the industry develops acting as an aid in boosting the growth of the company at a much higher scale. Several assumptions emanate from the group level, individual level and the organizational level of the VD industry, thus, the need to develop ideas, which in turn helps in improving…

References

Burnes, B, 2000, Managing change -- a strategic approach to organizational dynamics, 3rd Ed., Prentice Hall, Harlow, England.

Coghlan, D & Coughlan, P, 2004, 'Collaborative research across borders and boundaries: action research insights from the co-improve project', Research in Organizational Change and Development, vol. 15, pp. 275 -- 95.

Daft, R 2001, Organizational theory and design, 7th Ed. Thomson Learning, Cincinnati,

Ohio.

Progress and Impact Assessment Report

The MEDINA project seeks to assist the people of Shibam and Zabid in acquiring new skills that will improve living conditions in a number of areas. Ideally, these skills would initially assist individuals with producing useful services and household items for personal use. However, once these skills have been perfected, they can be used to supply goods and services to the worker's community, and, eventually, a broader market.

The key candidates for such training are women; particularly, women who reside in poor households. They cannot work outside the home, have limited marketable skills, and often live far from markets. Women living in rural areas cannot easily travel to city markets, and thus must rely on their husbands for information and necessary purchases. Illiteracy also restricts them in their dealings with the outside world which can include possible business dealings. Women are also not allowed to…

Global Business Cultural Analysis

Nigeria

Nigerian History

Synopsis of Nigerian government

Nigerian monarchy to presidential system

The evolution of Nigeria from British control to a civilian democratic government

Nigerian major commodities

Oil

Food

The major elements and dimensions of culture in Nigeria

Cultural dimensions

Individualism

Power distance

Masculinity

Uncertainty

Model of culture

Universalism or Particularize

How is the integration of elements and dimensions that Nigerians doing business in the country?

The effects of governments on the prospects for its business around the world

How the elements and dimensions compared with the United States, culture, and business?

The role of women in the workplace

Business visitors must be dressed in an elegant and tie (for men!)

Cross-cultural business transactions between the United States and Nigeria

Conclusion

eferences

Abstract

Thurstan Shaw and Steve Daniels, who are the founder for archaeological research proved in their research that Nigeria has been developed since 9,000…

References

Afolayan, T.E. (2011). Coming To America: The Social and Economic Mobility of African Immigrants in the United States. Inquiry (University of New Hampshire), 6-11. Retrieved from EBSCO host.

 http://search.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.liberty.edu:2048/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=60705725&site=ehost-live&scope=site 

Alutu, O.E., & Udhawuve, M.L. (2009). Unethical Practices in Nigerian Engineering Industries: Complications for Project Management. Journal of Management in Engineering, 25(1), 40-43. Doi: 10.1061 / (ASCE) 0742-597X (2009)25:1(40)

 http://search.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.liberty.edu:2048/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=35745908&site=ehost-live&scope=site

Ethics in esearch

For organizations of all types, the last three decades have been crucial in changing the manner in which organizations interact with each other, stakeholders, the government, and themselves. Most of these changes occurred because of the evolution of globalization, which after the Cold War, increased cooperation between nations and regions while, at the same time, increased stakeholder expectations, opened hundreds of new markets, and now requires that organizations operate on a new level. Particularly after the Enron scandal, stakeholders expect more transparency and honesty from organizations. In fact, a recent survey found that 74% want to know more about the ethical stance and nature of a company prior to purchasing from them. At the same time, 92% of FTSE 100 companies provide no metrics, benchmarks, or quantitative measurements within their annual report (Suter, 2012).

Because of advances in technology and communication, this has also bled over into…

REFERENCES

Gutman and Thompson. (2004). Why Deliberative Democracy. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.

Leedy, P., & Ormrod, J. (2009). Practical Research: PLanning and Design. New York: Prentice Hall.

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likeability is effected by management in the international workplace. It assumes a phenomenological approach to the notion of likeability, and is based on the idea that likeability in management is fundamental to achieving "connectedness" among employees and to inspiring the drive needed to ensure an organization's success. By conducting a survey of employees and managers from every major business continent of the globe (Asia, Europe, America, the Middle East), it seeks to understand the different ways in which likeability is manifested, discerned, appreciated, and utilized in the cross-cultural international workplace. Its aim is to fill a gap in likeability research regarding the importance of international managerial likeability and hopes to raise awareness about the essentiality of likeability to success. It also aims to identify the phenomenon of likeability as it appears in different cultures. Identifying that phenomenon and coming to terms with it will help business managers to better develop…

Data Analysis: A Phenomenological Approach

The methodology for this study is based on a phenomenological approach, rooted in the Moustakas (1994) model. The Moustakas model focuses on the idea that the "wholeness of experience" should form the essence of the research (Simon, 2011). Moustakas recommends a heuristic process that allows the researcher to immerse himself in the world/sphere he is observing, to "intuit" the relevant data, to use active learning as an illuminative process, to explicate, and to synthesize the information (Simon, 2011). A phenomenological approach will allow for an understanding of likeability "through the eyes of the participants in the study" (Simon, 2011). The phenomenon under consideration is the effect of likeability in the international workplace -- how it is effected, how it is perceived, and how it helps to advance business success.

Observing likeability "through the eyes of the participants in the study" presents a unique and novel opportunity to investigate the subjective aspect of likeability as opposed to an objective, empirical aspect of the concept. With the argument of Weaver (1984) in mind, that universality is a difficult concept for modern scientists to grasp because the existence of truth is essentially debated on philosophical, scientific, and metaphysical grounds, a study of likeability through the eyes of the participants provides the researcher with an opportunity to record the various ways that perception and reality meet and depart. Is there a reality of likeability or is likeability always merely a perception? Studies have argued that likeability can be controlled in the same way that EI can be controlled (Mayer et al., 2001). If such a claim can indeed be made, perhaps likeability is no more real than one's perception is true. In other words, if a manager can convince subordinates of likeability in order to "get ahead," it is possible that subordinates can convince themselves of their superior's "likeability" in order to appear as a "team player" and one who will not "rock the boat." Furthermore, such a suggestion may carry repercussions for what is meant by authenticity and whether or not this term carries any meaning of honesty or realness or whether it is