Violence in Titus Andronicus and Macbeth
One of the remarkable characteristics of Shakespeare's plays, particularly his tragedies, is that they are frequently incredibly violent. In many of his plays, this violence is seen abhorrent, with characters not only suffering societal consequences for their violent actions, but also experiencing deep regret and remorse for their violent actions. In fact, in many of his plays, Shakespeare's violent characters are impacted more by their own attitudes about the things that they have done than they are by any outside influences. However, not all of Shakespeare's plays feature the same approach to violence; some of them actually seem to embrace violence for the sake of violence, without placing any moral weight on violent actions. It becomes difficult to reconcile some of Shakespeare's later works, which focus on the immorality associated with violence, with the casual use of violence in his earlier works. To explore the…...

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Works Cited

Foakes, R.A. Shakespeare and Violence. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Print.

Kermode, Frank. "Macbeth." The Riverside Shakespeare. Ed. G. Blakemore Evans.

Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1974. 1307-1311. Print.

Kermode, Frank. "Titus Andronicus." The Riverside Shakespeare. Ed. G. Blakemore Evans.

Violence in Public Schools
The recent violence on school grounds (including elementary, middle school and high school violence) has created a climate of fear in American public schools, and the literature presented in this review relates to that fear and to the difficulty schools face in determining what students might be capable of mass killings on campus. Television coverage of school shootings leave the impression that there is more violence on school campuses than there really is, but the threat is real, students are being killed, and the background into how and why these murders take place is a main point of this paper. Moreover, the acts of violence at schools create perceptions that may or may not be valid, and that issue is part of this literature review as well.

Perceptions of School Violence

Why do Americans have the perception that schools are places where violence takes place on a regular basis…...

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Bibliography

Algozzine, Bob, and McGee, Jennifer R. (2011). Reported Occurrence and Perceptions of Violence in Middle and High Schools. The Clearing House, 84(3), 91-97.

Benbenishty, Rami, and Astor, Ron Avi. (2005). School Violence in Context: Culture,

Neighborhood, Family, School, and Gender. New York: Oxford University

Press.

America took the notion of liberty and placed it in an economical framework, composed by Adam Smith in ealth of Nations. Smith anticipated Marx by nearly a century when he focused on the nature of man and society in what amounted to a purely economical outlook. He views the violence that men do to one another and to themselves as stemming from an economical cause. The savage nations (hunters and gatherers) he states "are so miserably poor, that, from mere want, they are frequently reduced, or at least think themselves reduced, to the necessity sometimes of directly destroying, and sometimes of abandoning their infants, their old people, and those afflicted with lingering diseases, to perish with hunger, or to be devoured by wild beasts" (Smith 1x). The cause of violence, according to Smith, is want. For the Old orld Church it was sin. For Rousseau and the Romantic/Enlightenment thinkers it…...

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Works Cited

Burke, Edmund. Reflections on the Revolution in France. UK: Oxford World's

Classics, 2009. Print.

Mill, John Stuart. On Liberty and Other Essays. UK: Oxford World's Classics, 2008.

Print.

Violence and Risk Assessment and Serial Homicide
The objective of this study is to examine violence risk assessment and the type of tools and their effectiveness for determining violent reoffenders. Lurigio and Harris (2009) reports in the work entitled "Mental Illness, Violence, and Risk Assessment: An Evidence-ased Review" that the link that has been presumed "between violence and mental illness has long been an ongoing subject of investigation." (2009) The question is posed as to whether those who are mentally ill are more likely "than those without mental illness to commit violent crimes?" (Lurigio and Harris, 2009) As well the question is asked whether mental and criminal justice professionals accurately assess the likelihood of violence?" (Lurigio and Harris, 2009) It is reported that mentally ill individuals with illnesses including schizophrenia, major depression, and bipolar disorder have been historically shunned due to "in part because of the stereotype that they are dangerous."…...

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Bibliography

DeFronzo, J. And Pronchnow, J. (2004) Violent Cultural Factors and Serial Homicide by Males. Psychol Rep 2004 Feb;94(1):104-8.

Knoll, James (2006) Serial Murder: A Forensic Psychiatric Perspective. Psychiatric Times. March 2006. Retrieved from:  http://www.upstate.edu/psych/education/fellowships/pdf/serial_murder.pdf 

Lurigion, Arthur J. And Harris, Andrew J. (2006) Mental Illness, Violence, and Risk assessment: An Evidence-Based Review. Victims and Offenders, 4:341-347, 2009. Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Monohan, John and Steadman, Henry J. (2006) Violence Risk assessment: A Quarter of a Century of Research.

The industry knowingly takes advantage of this recent cultural shift in parent-child relationships. And finally, the industry knows that children and youngsters are more likely to be influenced by violent movies, TV shows, and games and are more likely to get addicted to violent imagery, becoming potential customers for future media products and games that glorify violence (Mean world syndrome, 2009). It is fair, therefore, to say that bombardment of children with media violence by the entertainment industry constitutes child exploitation.
Considering the severity of the problem, it is time to call for greater regulation of violence in media by the government and community organizations. Some people are wary of such calls. Americans love freedom of speech and libertarian laws. They do not always welcome government intervention in business and societal issues. Intervention in this case, however, is necessary. "If the goal of public policy is to protect the welfare…...

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References:

Grossman, D. (1999). Stop teaching our kids to kill: A call to action against TV, movie & video game violence. New York: Crown Publishers.

Hoerrner, M., & Hoerrner, K. (2010) Violent video games might be to blame for violent behavior, in Kiesbye, S. (ed.) Is media violence a problem? (pp. 39-46) Detroit: Greenhaven Press.

Kiesbye, S. (ed.) (2010). Is media violence a problem? Detroit: Greenhaven Press.

Kirsh, S.J. (2006). Children, adolescents, and media violence: A critical look at the research. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications.

Violence
Legitimate Force and Illegitimate Violence

The people today are living in a new-fangled, unmatched and exceptional age of terrorism. The pioneer of modern sociology, Max Weber, defined state as "a human community that successfully claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory" (as qtd. In Whitehead 2007). He puts emphasis on the point that a state can only exist in a meaningful manner if it has the power to use violence as a sole source of the right. He considers that "the right to use physical force is ascribed to other institutions or to individuals only to the extent to which the state permits it" (as qtd. In Whitehead 2007). However, sociologists before Marx have linked the monopoly of violence with the indispensable task of the state in the wake of its daily manifestations that are several in numbers (Whitehead 2007).

Throughout their work, Marx and…...

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References

Coronil, F., & Skurski, J 2006, States of Violence. Michigan: The University of Michigan Press. Retrieved March 01, 2012 from http://books.google.com.pk/booksid=Ftne6Ezh5aAC&printsec=frontcover&dq=state

+violence&hl=en&sa=X&ei=NoVPT4DeDsfwrQft8nEDQ&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=force%20violence&f=false

Jensen, F. (n.d.), Revisiting the Monopoly on the Legitimate Use of Force. In Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF).Print.

Leander, A 2004, Globalisation and the State Monopoly on the Legitimate Use of Force. Retrieved February 28, 2012 from  http://static.sdu.dk/mediafiles/Files/Om_SDU/Institutter/Statskundskab/Skriftserie/04ANL7%20pdf.pdf

Violence in Schools: Qualitative esearch Article
Unlike the numerically-driven nature of quantitative research, qualitative research focuses on understanding a specific phenomenon in a deeper fashion through a case study approach, either through participant research, interviews, or some other form of study in the field. "Qualitative research is aimed at gaining a deep understanding of a specific organization or event, rather than a surface description of a large sample of a population…. Qualitative research does not introduce treatments or manipulate variables, or impose the researcher's operational definitions of variables on the participants. ather, it lets the meaning emerge from the participants. It is more flexible in that it can adjust to the setting. Concepts, data collection tools, and data collection methods can be adjusted as the research progresses" (Qualitative research, n.d, PPA 696). To understand the sensitive, often fraught issue of violence in schools, taking a qualitative approach can be useful to…...

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References

Hawkins, Nikki A. (et al. 2004). Early responses to school violence: A qualitative analysis of students' and parents' immediate reactions to the shootings at Columbine High School.

Journal of Emotional Abuse. 4 (3/4) 197-223. Retrieved at:

 https://webfiles.uci.edu/rsilver/Hawkins%20et%20al.%20J%20Emotional%20Abuse%20Columbine%20ms..pdf 

Qualitative research. (n.d). PPA 696: Research Methods. Retrieved at:

A long list of possibly violent images can be tabulated, as well as their frequency and duration on the screen.
What other things would you need to consider in order to make sure that exposure to media violence was the cause of aggressive behavior and not some other factor? In other words, what variables would have to be controlled?

The ideal way to control for other variables would be to sanction the population sample. If funding and ethical considerations allowed, the participants could spend a series of time watching select media clips in an isolated environment. The only way to determine whether media, and nothing else, caused an increase in aggressive behavior then the participants should not be able to watch any other media, and ideally not even be able to leave the controlled environment for the duration of the study.

elate your example to the scientific method.

We begin with the hypothesis…...

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References

Positive Behavior Support." University of South Florida. Retrieved Feb 5, 2009 at http://myweb.usf.edu/~aheindel/PBSsection3b.html

Violence Against Children
The structure of violence as related to children directly correlates to their perceived socio-demographic risk. Several factors directly relate to the likelihood that a child will be subjected to violence at some point during their lives. Social, economic, demographic and physical factors all have a dramatic impact a child's development, either positive or negative and these factors also influence whether or not a child is more or less likely to be subjected to violence. Children living in high risk environments typically serviced by human service agencies, including poverty stricken areas and foster care living arrangements, are among the children that are at increased risk for violence and abuse. Children subjected to violence are much more likely to subsequently exhibit violent behavior later in life as well. Health care providers, educators, foster parents, families and community members all have an impact on a child's development. It is the responsibility…...

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Bibliography

Altschuler, David M. & Brash, Rachel. (2004). "Adolescent and Teenage Offenders Confronting the Challenges and Opportunities of Reentry." Sage Publications: Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, vol. 2, no.1

Anderson Moore, Kristin. S. Vandivere, & J. Ehrle. June 2000. "Socio-demographic Risk and Child Well-Being." Washington D.C.: The Urban Institute. New Federalism: National Survey of America's Families, Number B-19. Available:  http://www.urban.org/url.cfm?ID=309566 

Carter L.S. Weithorn LA., Behrman RE. (1999). "Domestic Violence and Children: Analysis and Recommendations." The Future of Children 9(3): 4020, 1999 Winter.

Child Trends. (1999). Children and Welfare Reform: A Guide to Evaluating the Effects of State Welfare Policies on Children. Washington D.C.: Child Trends.

The same students who sponsor night walks to check the lighting and grounds to increase safety will hold the door open for a stranger entering their residence hall. Despite frequent warnings, students - and even faculty, administrators, and other campus personnel - act less judiciously than they would elsewhere." (Siegel 1994). Seaman (2005) agrees, saying, "Typically, there is a social encounter in which a certain amount of kissing or other sexually intimate touching is consensual, but at some point, the girl indicates that she would like t terminate that sexual encounter but the other party continues...the fact that alcohol is often involved only compromises the perpetrator's impulse control and he overpowers her."

The Role of Alcohol in Violence on College Campuses:

hen one examines the data of violence, on college campuses, the one contributing element shared most commonly by all forms other than premeditated attacks on random individuals (Siegel 1994) is alcohol…...

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Works Cited

Conlon, E. (2004) Blue Blood. Riverhead: NY.

Innes, B. (2007) Serial Killers: The Story of History's Most Evil Murderers. London: Quercus

Macionis, J.J. (2003) Sociology 9th Edition.

New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

We are using four different schools for our data, but as the data are being obtained from one community (therefore one unit of measurement for both the study and comparison group). We are unable to randomly assign the children to either the experimental or control group, therefore all of our participants do not have the same chance of being in the control or experimental group. Our data will also not be blinded, although identifying information on standardized testing scores, absenteeism, suspension and expulsion will not be available to the research designer.
The design for this type of group would be diagrammed as follows:

The central idea behind this design is that the null case would not expect the treatment group (in this case our community) to differ at greater than chance levels. This allows consideration of a treatment effect when the post-test data of the treatment group varies from the control…...

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Reference:

Aber JL, Brown JL, Jones SM. (2003) Developmental Trajectories toward Violence in Middle Childhood: Course, Demographic Differences, and Response to School-Based Intervention. Developmental Psychology, 2, 324-348.

Clayton RR, Catarello AM, Johnstone BM, (1996) the Effectiveness of Drug Abuse Resistance Education (Project DARE): 5-Year Follow-Up Results. Preventive Medicine, 3; 307-318

Greenberg, M.T., Kusche, C.A., Cook, E.T., & Quamma, J.P. (1995).

Promoting emotional competence in school-aged deaf children: The effects of the PATHS curriculum. Development and Psychopathology, 7, 117-136.

Violence in America
Education

The purpose of this paper is to research violence in America in relation to Education and to make a determination of 'who' is responsible for the growing violence, if in fact it is growing.

The United States Crime Index Rates per 100,000 climbed from 1,887.2 in the year of 1960 to 5,897 in 1991 in which year the crime rate was at its highest. According to the report: "Crime in the untied States accounts for more death, injuries and loss of property than all Natural Disasters combined. During the early 1980's a wave of violence involving youth swept the across the United States. etween the years of 1980 to 1984 youth violence grew by 99% and violence among adults declined. etween 1980 and 1994 arrests of juveniles rose by 94%.

Varied and sundry consideration as to the precise strategy that might be effective in curbing violence among youth has been…...

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Bibliography:

United States: Uniform crime Report - State Statistics from 1960 to 2000 [Online] located at: http://www.disastercenter.com/crime/

Davis, Ronald M.D. (2000) Effect of Television Violence on Children: Congressional Testimony; 9/13/2000 09-13-2000   p?DOCID=1P1:99130121& num=15& ao=& login=1& ctrlInfo=Round9c%3AProd2%3ALogIn%3ALogInhttp://www.highbeam.com/library/doc3.as 

1999 National Report Series: Juvenile Justice Bulletin: Violence After School

 http://www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ojjdp/178992.pdf

Violence in schools has been at the forefront of media attention for some time now. One of the main reasons for this is the apparently increasing incidents of violence against and among children. Media attention and the sociological issues stirred up by the situation regarding violence have prompted several studies around violence in schools, especially when directed by children and teachers against children. Violence against teachers, on the other hand, has not received similar research attention. This is therefore the focus of an article by Espelage et al. (2013), with the title "Understanding and Preventing Violence Directed Against Teachers: Recommendations for a national Research, Practice, and Policy Agenda."
The introduction of the article begins by acknowledging existing focus points for studying violence in schools. It explains its research focus by claiming that not much has been done to study the phenomenon of violence against teachers within the school context. The thesis…...

Violence
Sexual Violence: Hidden Truths

The articles that students were asked to review were concerned with sexual violence around the world. These articles illustrated and elaborated upon many instances of sexually-based violence in domestic or civilian life, as well as within the context of war. There were many shocking elements to the contents of the articles. One of the greatest shocks that readers may have come across in reading and analyzing these articles is the proliferation of sexual violence against men and boys. Sexual violence is normatively associated with females -- women and girls. Though people may not be completely literate and aware of the various kinds of sexually-based violent acts that are performed around the world upon women, the average person is more likely to be aware of violence against women and not against men. The information in the articles clearly demonstrates that there is a great lack of education regarding…...

and, in Colorado this past February, a prison guard at Englewood was discovered smuggling in tobacco and cigarette papers for bribes from inmates. He had received over $5,000 during the smuggling scheme.
Inmate vs. Inmate

A little over a month ago, prisoners at Chino prison in California rioted due to extreme overcrowding. About 200 inmates were injured, 25% of those seriously. The riot went on for 11 hours. Authorities believe the riot was prompted by tensions between black and Hispanic prisoners. No prison security guards were injured. Chino prison is built to handle 3000 men; it is currently populated by 5,900. And the California system is not that much different from any other state. Judges are ordering the release of thousands of inmates to reduce the overcrowding (NY Times, 2009).

Self-Inflicted

There are many examples of prisoners hanging themselves in their cells for one reason or another. Studies have found that, per capita,…...

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Bibliography

Bureau News. (2009, June 23). Prison rape commission: 60,000 inmates sexually abused every year. Retrieved September 15, 2009, from Taragana.com:  http://blog.taragana.com/n/prison-rape-commission-60000-inmates-sexually-abused-every-year-89595/ 

Human Rights Watch. (2004, May 13). Prisoner abuse: How different are U.S. prisons? Retrieved September 15, 2009, from Human Rights Watch:  http://www.hrw.org/en/news/2004/05/13/prisoner-abuse-how-different-are-us-prisons 

Nolan, P. (2009, August 21). The truth behind prison violence. Retrieved September 15, 2009, from Justice Fellowship:  http://www.justicefellowship.org/what-is-restorative-justice/justice-fellowship-resources/12283-the-truth-behind-prison-violence 

NY Times. (2009, August 10). The Chino prison riot. Retrieved September 15, 2009, from New York Times:  http://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/11/opinion/11tue2.html

The topic of violence is a broad one because violence is persuasive in our society, there are competing theories about the causes of violence, and violence begins to impact people at a very young age.  According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, there are eight types of violence children may be exposed to or experience: bullying, child maltreatment, community violence, domestic and intimate partner violence, school violence, sexual abuse and sexual violence, sex trafficking, and teen dating violence. These different types of violence not only impact children, but also adults in the community,....

We would start this essay by looking at the Department of State’s list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations.  Looking at that list is a great way to identify transnational terrorist groups.  Working from those groups, you could the identify a transnational group that is linked to a domestic terrorist group.  The County Reports on Terrorism also reveal how international terrorist groups work and can provide some insight into their ties to domestic organizations.  Working this way may be important for the integrity of your research because the designation of groups as domestic terrorist groups changed....

There are a number of fantastic slave narratives that really describe the experiences of people in slavery.  However, there is a problem with most of these narratives.  Written by former slaves, these narratives are going to represent a rarity among slaves because their authors could read and write, while teaching a slave to read or write was punishable under many slave codes.  Therefore, we strongly suggest looking at a more comprehensive collection of slave narratives.  Fortunately, the Works Progress Administration compiled slave narratives under a few different programs, most notably the Federal Writer’s Project. ....

In order to really understand resistance in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, it is important to look at all of the characters and not just the highlighted European males, such as the protagonist Marlowe, that sit at the center of the story.  That is because resistance is the undercurrent behind all of the action in the story.  The main characters are always acting against the threat of resistance by the African people who are often portrayed as victims, but are consistently offering resistance to the colonizers, as evidenced by the arrow attack by the natives on the ship. ....