World Trade Center Essays (Examples)

Emergency management is also a vital part to the planning for a disaster. Training will have to be conducted at periodic intervals to maintain the preparedness of the emergency response team and to evaluate the condition and the operational difficulties if any that may arise due to the equipment being used. The procedures will have to be critiqued and constantly evaluated to determine if a better, safer or more efficient method can be used in the procedure. A clean up task force will also have to be set up to help clean and restore the area to as near as possible, its pre-disaster state. Sufficient funds will have to be allocated to keep the emergency response team properly outfitted. An emergency fund may also be required to be set up to take care of the clean up activities that may be required. This fund would have to be very liquid…

Bibliography

Sykes, L., Richards, P., Kim W-Y., Armitage, J., Jacob, K., & Lerner-Lam, Art. (2001) Seismograms recorded by LCSN Station PAL (Palisades, NY) New York, Columbia University. Retrieved February 18, 2008 at  http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/LCSN/Eq/20010911_wtc.html 

TRADE. (2008). The Training Resources and Data Exchange Washington, D.C., FEMA. Retrieved February 18, 2008, at  http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/nfa/trade/index.shtm 

LLIS. (2008) Lessons Learned Information Shared Washington, D.C., Department of Homeland Security, Retrieved February 18, 2008, from https://www.llis.dhs.gov/index.do

RKB. (2008) Responder Knowledge Base. Washington, D.C., Department of Homeland Security, Retrieved February 18, 2008, from https://www.rkb.us

Significance of the Study

This study is significant because it sheds light on a very important contributor to local and international trade. Trade fairs have a long history in providing a meeting place for buyers and sellers. They are an important channel of communication for B2B buyers and sellers. This is a significant area for study because there are limited channels of communication between B2B buyers and sellers. The previous sections have diversified the importance of communication to trade. B2B buyers and sellers cannot use mass channels of communication such as television advertising or newspaper advertising. In this market usage of personal visits and demonstrations are the common channels of marketing and communication. The B2B selling and marketing activities are less highlighted in research than B2C activities. Therefore, this study is significant because it explores a very important channel of marketing and communication in the B2B market.

The study is…

UFI.(2009). The Trade Fair Industry in Asia, 5th edition: A UFI report researched and compiled by Business Strategies Group Executive Summary -- for UFI members only." Business Strategies Group Ltd. [online] Available at  http://www.ufi.org/media/membersarea/studies_reports/2009_bsg_report_summary_andorder_form.pdf  [Accessed 10 May, 2012].

Viardot, E. (2004). Successful Marketing Strategy for High-Tech Firms. Volume 5. NY: Artech House

Yeshin, T. (2006). Sales Promotion. NY:Cengage Learning

hile most European nations state if a product has GMO technology it must be labeled, in America, consumers are accustomed to using GMOs with impunity, unaware if GMOs are present or not in the products they purchase -- and eat. The Europe Union has maintained "a voluntary eco-labeling program" in an effort to allow consumers to make informed choices ("Eco-labeling," hat's wrong, 2009). However, the U.S. commercial agricultural interests opposed even this policy, arguing that there is no evidence of a lack of safety attached to GMOs. American agricultural interests argued that the simple labeling of GMOs was anti-free trade and discriminatory, because it created the implication that a safe, usually American-produced product was possibly unsafe. "The issues were never resolved and the TO committees finally adopted a neutral report" ("Eco-labeling," hat's wrong, 2009).

The need to resolve difficult controversies regarding the free flow of trade between different nations is…

Works Cited

"Greenhouse Gases Controversy." What's wrong with the WTO? August 7, 2009.

 http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/fact1_e.htm 

"Eco-Labeling Controversy." What's wrong with the WTO? August 7, 2009.

 http://www.speakeasy.org/~peterc/wtow/wto-cont.htm#ecol

Earlier studies based on Bretton oods data were only refuted because the data sets of the later studies were insufficiently long. It may be, therefore, that Himarios is one of many that will now be able to demonstrate that long-term equilibrium is possible. It may that it requires nearly at least three decades' worth of data and a multi-country study in order to see the equilibrium emerge, meaning that previous theories were simply not taking into consideration the time frames that would be required for production, wage and policy shifts to be implemented and have their impact on a nation's balance of trade.

Himarios' findings do suggest that externalities cannot be maintained. hile a single government can maintain consistent economic policy for decades seemingly regardless of the consequences (Cuba or North Korea, for example) a free economy cannot. Eventually a trade deficit will result in a workforce demanding jobs, for…

Works Cited:

Ahmad, J. & Yang, J. (2004). Estimation of the J-curve in China. East-West Center Working Paper. No. 67, 2004. Retrieved March 31, 2010 from  https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10125/3706/1/ECONwp067.pdf 

Akbostanci, E. (2002). Dynamics of trade balance: The Turkish J-Curve. Economic Research Center. Retrieved March 31, 2010 from  http://www.erc.metu.edu.tr/menu/series02/0205.pdf 

Backus, D., Kehoe, P., Kydland, F. (1994). Dynamics of trade balance and the terms of trade: The J-curve? The American Economic Review. Vol. 84 (1) 84-103.

Bahmani-Oskooee, M. & Niroomand, F. (1998). Long-run price elasticities and the Marshall-Lerner condition revisited. Economics Letters. Vol. 61 (1) 101-109

As with all other issues in media, it is up to the viewer of the information to decide which network to believe, and which network to trust as a source of unbiased, factual information. Since Fox News is undoubtedly the choice of a majority of viewers in the United States, it is obvious that those viewers have already made their choice.

eferences

Ackerman, S. (2001). The most biased name in news. Extra, 5, 25-29.

Cameron, C. Fox News special report: Israeli spying on the U.S. etrieved Dec. 10, 2004. Web site: http://free.freespeech.org/americanstateterrorism/9-11/FoxNewsIsraeliSpying.html.

Carter, B. (2004, April 23). Pentagon ban on pictures of dead troops is broken. The New York Times, p A4.

Fox News. (2004). Fox News home page. etrieved Dec. 10, 2004 from Fox News. Web site: http://www.foxnews.com.

Gordon, C. (2002, Jan. 30). Fox News covers more than biased angle. Kansas State collegian, p. D4.

Martin, E. (2004, April…

References

Ackerman, S. (2001). The most biased name in news. Extra, 5, 25-29.

Cameron, C. Fox News special report: Israeli spying on the U.S. Retrieved Dec. 10, 2004. Web site: http://free.freespeech.org/americanstateterrorism/9-11/FoxNewsIsraeliSpying.html.

Carter, B. (2004, April 23). Pentagon ban on pictures of dead troops is broken. The New York Times, p A4.

Fox News. (2004). Fox News home page. Retrieved Dec. 10, 2004 from Fox News. Web site:  http://www.foxnews.com .

It stated that the future negotiations will "try to achieve substantial improvements in market access; reductions of, with a view to phasing out, all forms of export subsidies; and substantial reductions in trade-distorting domestic support" (Beghin, oland-Holst and Van Der Mensbrugghe, 2002).

6. Possible future developments

All in all, the topic on the international trade of agricultural products remains opened for further discussions; and the most likely outcome is an increase in the efforts made by the World Trade Organization to resolve the disputes and complaints of the participants in the meaning of reducing and even eliminating export subsidies, while in the same time easing the access to the markets in the high income countries.

eferences

Ballenger, N., Blaylock, J., 2003, Consumer Driven Agriculture, Amber Waves, Volume 1 Issue

Beghin, J.C., Aksoy, a., 2003, Agricultural Trade and the Doha ound: Lessons from Commodity Studies, Center for Agricultural and ural Development,…

References

Ballenger, N., Blaylock, J., 2003, Consumer Driven Agriculture, Amber Waves, Volume 1 Issue

Beghin, J.C., Aksoy, a., 2003, Agricultural Trade and the Doha Round: Lessons from Commodity Studies, Center for Agricultural and Rural Development, Iowa State University, Retrieved at  http://www.card.iastate.edu/publications/DBS/PDFFiles/03bp42.pdfon  March 9, 2008

Beghin, J.C., Roland-Holst, D., Van Der Mensbrugghe, D., 2002, Global Agriculture and the Doha Round: What Are the Implications for the North and South?, Center for Agricultural and Rural Development, Iowa State University, Retrieved at  http://www.card.iastate.edu/publications/DBS/PDFFiles/02wp308.pdfon  March 9, 2008

Schmitz, a., Koo, W., Moss, C., 2003, International Agricultural Trade Disputes: Case Studies in North America, Department of Food and Resource Economics, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL

Trade Act of 1974 on Euro exchange rates?

Free Trade has been a key agenda for the past three presidents. In an expanding global market, tariffs and trade policies are more important today than they have been in the past. More and more countries are forming alliances such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the Asian Alliance, and the European Union (EU). These trade agreements are meant to level the playing for all countries, both industrialized and emerging countries.

President Bush's trade policy is aimed at helping to generate American jobs, open markets to American products, and provide economic growth. Sometimes massive increases in imports can have a devastating effect on U.S. industries. [This has been the case for the U.S. steel Industry and is the issue addressed in Section 203 (B) (1) of the Trade Act of 1974. Foreign steel makers have had the luxury of government…

Works Cited

Arnold, James. Steel sector stares into the abyss. BBC News.com. March 6, 2002.

 http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/business/newsid_1857000/1857914.stm . Accessed April,

2002

Arnold, James. Steel spat could mean wider worries. BBC News.com. March 6, 2002.

Commerce and Its Demographics

The diffusion of ideas and technological impacts that have taken place globally.

Globalization as a phenomenon of economic and cultural connectivity has been growing for centuries, but the current form is of a fundamentally different order (Smith and Doyle 2002). The speed of communication, the complexity and size of the networks involved and the huge volume of trade, interaction and risks involved make up the current and peculiar form. The diffusion of ideas, practices and technologies that occurs within is more than internationalization, universalization, modernization and westernization. Anthony Giddens (1990 as qtd in Smith and Doyle) described today's globalization as "the intensification of worldwide social relations, which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice versa." It has changed the way geography has been traditionally understood and how localness has been experienced. The new…

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Diao X and Somwaru A. (1996). Dynamic Gains and Losses from Trade Reform: an Intertemporal General Equilibrium Model of the United States and MERCOSUR. University of Minnesota Economic Development Center Bulletin. St. Paul Minneapolis Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics: University of Minnesota.

2. Electric Communities (1995). Commerce and Society in Cyberspace.  http://www.crockford.com/ec/commerce_society.html 

3. Held, D et al. (1999). Global Transformations. http://www.polity.co.uk/global/executiv.htm

4. Killon, MU. (2005). Chinese Regionalism and the 2004 ASEAN -- China Accord: the WTO and Legalized Trade Distortion. http://econwpa.wustl.edu:8089/eps/it/papers/0501/0501003.pdf

Conscription

From the beginning of the war, there had been some variation in the Canadian attitude toward the conflict. Canada never questioned the legitimacy of the war and did not question the need for Canadian participation. There were differences of opinion, though, concerning how extensive the Canadian contribution should be. These variations affected the response to calls for enlistment and divided the country as the towns were more willing than the countryside, the prairies more willing than the Atlantic seaboard, and "it was observed that the proportion of enlistments achieved by any social group appeared to vary almost inversely to the length of its connection with Canada. On the one hand, the ritish-born -- the new arrivals with a large proportion of unattached males of military age -- gave the highest percentage of their numbers to the armed services, and, on the other hand, the French Canadians unquestionably gave the…

Bibliography

Ameringer, Charles D. Political Parties of the Americas, 1980s to 1990s: Canada, Latin America, and the West Indie.

Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1992.

Bothwell, Robert. History of Canada since 1867. Washington, D.C.: Association for Canadian Studies in the United States, 1996.

Boudreau, Joseph a. "Canada and the First World War: Essays in Honour of Robert "Canada and Worlod War I," the History of Canada (2007),  http://www.linksnorth.com/canada-history/canadaandworldwar1.html .

regional international institutions, International Monetary Fund, World Bank, United Nations, World Trade Organization, a financial institution. Select countries apply traditional international trade theories, absolute advantage, comparative advantage, factor endowment, enhance participation international trade.

International Trade Participation

The interaction between countries is a complex process that is strongly influenced by economic, political, and cultural factors. The need for this interaction is based on the resources that can be provided with smaller efforts by some countries to countries that need them. The need for resources has determined countries to involve in military, economic, and biological wars, or to involve in influence relationships where several countries support a larger community that can polarize greater power in the attempt to counteract the influence of other powerful countries. This is the case of the European Union that was developed in order to join the efforts of European countries so that they could balance the power…

Reference list:

1. Comparative Advantage (2014). Investopedia. Retrieved March 6, 2014 from  http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/comparativeadvantage.asp .

2. Regional Trade Agreements (2011). OECD. Retrieved March 6, 2014 from  http://www.oecd.org/document/62/0,3746,en_2649_36442957_31839102_1_1_1_1,00.html .

3. Role of the World Trade Organization (2012). ICT. Retrieved March 6, 2014 from http://www.ictregulationtoolkit.org/en/section.1651.html.

Intenational Tade Between Bahain and Saudi Aabia

This is a pape on Tade between Bahain and Saudi Aabia, focusing on how it affects thei intenational tade elations with special attention to OPEC, GCC and the Qata dispute. It uses 22 souces in MLA fomat.

Both Saudi Aabia and Bahain ae membes of the Gulf Coopeation Council along with Qata, UAE, Kuwait and Oman. Unde the GCC Ageement, pefeential taiffs apply among the membe states. Since independence in 1971, Bahain has essentially pusued a libeal tade and investment policy, and has integated its economy closely with those of othe counties in the egion, though the Unified Economic Ageement of the Gulf Coopeation Council (GCC).

Tade and economic gowth in Bahain is stongly affected by vaiations in intenational enegy pices. Real GDP gowth, as a esult, was slowe duing the 1990s compaed with the pevious decade, aveaging aound 3.6% annually since 1994.…

references

1. http://cf.heritage.org/index/country.cfm?ID=10

2. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE: BAHRAIN ECONOMIC POLICY AND TRADE PRACTICES. FEBRUARY 1994.

3.  http://www.worldbank.org/search.htm 

4.  http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/tp139_e.htm

WTO Trade Dispute Resolution: Turkey Cotton Case

In the case at hand, we would discuss the trade and economic policies of Turkey. In the case that would be discussed, India is the complainant and Turkey is the respondent. The case was presented to and the World Trade Organization was approached by India on 13 February 2012. The case pertains to India's complaint against Turkey for adopting protectionist policies with regards to the import of cotton to the country. India approached the WTO and requested for consultations with Turkey with regards to some specific safeguard measures that was imposed by Turkey on imports of cotton yarn with the exception for sewing thread from India.

Turkey had started this protectionist and definitive safeguard measures on cotton import to that country from 15 July 2008 and it was meant to be implemented for a period of three years. India complained that Turkey had…

Knowing that international trade is by definition a national-level issue does not stop people from pointing out its flaws. Protectionism arises from individual or national interest, or to protect infant industries. Each of these must be recognized, however, as a distortion in the trade system, a negative action undertaken to achieve a non-economic goal (Friedman & Friedman, 1997).

In the case of many countries, the benefits of international trade are negligible not because the money does not come into the country, but because the money is siphoned out of the economy before it can do any good. Corruption and other inefficiencies in a market can negate some of the benefits of international trade, before the citizens of the country see the benefit. In order that citizens see benefit, they must have low taxation rates, receive public goods from their governments, or receive jobs from their companies. In short, trade will…

Works Cited:

Landsburg, L. (2007). Comparative advantage. Economics Library. Retrieved December 2, 2009 from  http://www.econlib.org/library/Topics/Details/comparativeadvantage.html 

Krugman, P. (1996). Ricardo's Difficult Idea. Slate. Retrieved December 2, 2009 from http://hei.unige.ch/~baldwin/ComparativeAdvantageMyths/RicardoDifficultIdea.htm

Krugman, P. (1999). Enemies of the WTO. Slate. Retrieved December 2, 2009 from http://hei.unige.ch/~baldwin/ComparativeAdvantageMyths/BogusArgumentsAgainstWTO.htm

Friedman, M. & Friedman, R. (1997). The case for free trade. Hoover's. Retrieved December 2, 2009 from  http://www.hoover.org/publications/digest/3550727.html

Mercantilism as a philosophy may be dead, but special interests that lead to trade controls are alive and well (Mercantilism today: how a dead philosophy comes back to life, 2003). Trade controls that affect price and indirectly quantity include tariffs, subsidies, arbitrary customs-valuation and special fees (Daniels, Radebaugh, and Sullivan, 2007). Trade controls that directly affect quantity and indirectly affect price include quotas, voluntary export restrictions, "buy local" legislation, arbitrary standards, licensing arrangements, foreign-exchange controls, administrative delays and requirements to take goods in exchange for selling (Daniels, Radebaugh, and Sullivan, 2007).

Finally, businesses must also consider trade organizations and regional economic integration when deciding where to conduct business. The World Trade Organization promotes trade liberalization and mediates trade disputes and enforcing agreements (Daniels, Radebaugh, and Sullivan, 2007). Major regional trading groups include the European Union, the North American Free Trade Agreement, the Central American Common Market, the Caribbean Community and…

Bibliography

Daniels, J.D., Radebaugh, L.H., & Sullivan, D.P. (2007) International business: Environments and operations. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. ISBN: 0131869426.

Kokko, a., Matha, T., and Gustavsson, P. (2006). Regional integration and trade diversion in Europe.  http://ideas.repec.org/p/hhs/eijswp/0231.html 

Mercantilism. http://www.economicexpert.com/a/Mercantilism.html

Mercantilism today: how a dead philosophy comes back to life (2003, September 19). National Review. http://www.policynetwork.net/main/article.php?article_id=584

In the real world, most markets are far from fully competitive, labor-productivity within a country varies over time and full employment is just a dream in most capitalist economies. (Suranovic 1997)

Given the list of such 'unrealistic' assumptions made in the model, it is easy for us to dismiss the results of comparative advantage altogether or to accept it with a large dose of skepticism. But would such dismissal be justified? It is prudent to remember that almost all economic theories operate under a large number of 'unrealistic' assumptions that do not apply to the much more complex real world. In fact, we deliberately simplify the variables in economics in order to be able to construct models and to carry out analysis. Such simplification does not make all economic analysis redundant. It should also be remembered that comparative advantage and international trade would work to the benefit of all individuals…

References

David Ricardo and Comparative Advantage." (2004). Net MBA.com. Internet Center for Management and Business Administration. Retrieved on November 17, 2004 at  http://www.netmba.com/econ/micro/comparative-advantage/ 

Suranovic, Steven. (1997) "The Theory of Comparative Advantage - Overview." International Trade Theory and Policy. Retrieved on November 17, 2004 at  http://internationalecon.com/v1.0/ch40/40c000.html 

Colonel Robert Torrens (1780-1864) was a British army officer and owner of the Globe newspaper

David Ricardo (1772-1823): British economist and businessman who was a great proponent of 'free trade.' which both are able to produce the Polish-American mathematician who helped to develop the theory of hydrogen bomb

Farmers are stated to have become "risk takers, created new markets, developed rural industries and migrated to urban areas. Farmers were no longer slaves to the state..." (1996)

Dorn notes the statement of Jianying Zha (1994:202) in the book "China Pop" that:

The economic reforms has created new opportunities, new dreams, and to some extent, a new atmosphere and mindsets. The old control system has weakened in many areas, especially the spheres of economy and lifestyle. There is a growing sense of increased space for personal freedom."

Dorn states that the optimism of Zha would certain be shared by anyone who has: "...seen the vibrancy of the market, the dynamism of the people, and the rapid growth of urban areas..." (1996) Dorn states: "Commercial life in China is evolving naturally as people flee the countryside for improved living conditions and the chance to strike it rich in the growing nonstate…

Bibliography

Daniel T. Griswold, CATO Institute, (2005)"Trading Tyranny for Freedon: How Open Markets Till the Soil for Democracy."

Dorn, James a. (1996) Trade and Human Rights: The Case of China. The Cato Journal Vol. 16 No.1. Spring-Summer 1996 Online available at  http://www.cato.org/pubs/journal/cj16n1-5.html 

Fewsmith, Joseph (2007) the Political Implications of China's Growing Middle Class. China Leadership Monitor. No. 21 the Hoover Institution. Online available at  http://www.hoover.org/publications/clm/issues/8535722.html 

Gresser, Edward (2006) Trading in Myth - Blueprint Magazine 9 February 9, 2006. Progressive Policy Institute. Online available at  http://www.ppionline.org/ppi_ci.cfm?knlgAreaID=108&subsecID=206&contentID=253726

"Dell recently established customer and technical support centers in India, China, Morocco, Panama, and Slovakia and has set up design centers in Taiwan and China. Furthermore, it not only has manufacturing facilities in Texas and Tennessee, but also in Brazil, Ireland, Malaysia, and China" (Pruitt, 2012).

Eeven though Dell has come under fire along with other companies by critics who say that offshoring is robbing U.S. citizens of jobs, the company's new chief executive officer has said that Dell will carry on to engage in the practice. The company's current chief operating officer has said that the issue of offshoring in regards to Dell has been overblown. Dell has said that it will persist to employ people overseas, where it sees market growth. The company derived almost forty percent of its revenue from international sales for its fiscal year 2004. In addition, it says that its potential growth is dependent…

Works Cited

Chestnut, D. 2012. Outsourcing & Offshoring in the 21st Century. Web. 6 March 2012.

Gibbs, M. 2004. Offshoring for the Right Reasons. Web. 6 March 2012.

Grossman, G.M. 2006. Trading Tasks: A Simple Theory of Offshoring. Web. 6 March 2012.

King, D. 2009. Offshore outsourcing: practical and ethical arguments for and against, from a small business perspective. Web. 6 March 2012.

Consequently, his observations concerning the business climate in Saudi Arabia with respect to the significance of religion in the Kingdom can be considered authentic. According to Indris, with respect to the perception of performance and contractual obligations among Saudis, "It should be noted that the issue is not with the belief itself but rather with people's misguided interpretations of the belief and Islam teachings. While Islam teaches that ultimate control is in the hands of God, it also teaches that people should exert their utmost efforts to better their lives" (p. 38). These issues have special salience for foreign direct investors who may experience disputes based on such misinterpretations that cannot be predicted but must be expected. In this regard, Idris concludes that, "Misguided interpretations have a strong impact on the business environment and the commitment to setting and meeting goals and targets in the kingdom. Accountability in running businesses…

References

Aleisa, Eisa A. & Dibooglu, S. Sources of Real Exchange Rate Movements in Saudi Arabia.

26 Journal of Economics and Finance 1, 101-103 (2007).

Applications & Procedures, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Ministry of Commerce and Industry,

[online] available:  http://mci.gov.sa/english/moci.aspx?PageObjectId=814  (2011).

The Uruguay round would designate that the TO, through its primary role as a mediator, negotiator, and monitor of international trade policies and disputes, serves by design as a gatekeeper of international trade, offering the structural conditions and assembled authority to exact a legitimate level of authority over its member nations.

A good example of how the TO has strengthened the international governing community's ability to provide oversights for its member nations comes from the 1994 rounds of negotiation in Uruguay which essentially defined and forged the TO from the shadows of the GATT. In a consideration, for instance, of the newly afforded power to engage in the process of dispute settlement, we can see that the TO would have an expansive impact on the power of those who had already acted under the propositions of the GATT. The declaration produced by this round of talks would proceed by stating…

Works Cited:

AdBrands. (2008). Wal-Mart Stores (U.S.). AdBrands.net.

Beierle, T. (2002). . From Uruguay to Doha: Agricultural Trade Negotiations at the World Trade Organization University of Connecticut: Discussion Papers.

Collins, J.C. (2007). Supply Chain. Accounting Software Research. Online at  http://www.asaresearch.com/ecommerce/supplychain.htm .

Doha WTO Ministerial. (2006). Ministerial Declaration. The World Trade Organization.

Dubai World, a venture funded by the emirate of Dubai, announced that it would place a six-month "standstill" on $4 billion out of $26 billion of its outstanding debt. The move had dramatic repercussions for global financial markets, and the rulers of Dubai needed to evaluate the best strategy with respect to how to proceed following the announcement. The decision had major ramifications for Dubai as a nation-state.

Dubai's economic growth has been strong for several years, but unlike the wealth of neighboring Abu Dhabi, the growth in Dubai is not based on oil wealth. Dubai's wealth essentially comes from its ability to convince investors to put money into the country -- there is no genuine wealth in Dubai, it is all borrowed. This makes the issue of the Dubai World debt critical for the future of the emirate. The country's position as one of the Middle East's most open…

Workers are employed in fisheries, mining, and defense industries while the farmers work in the agricultural collectives. Standards of living are defined by the family background as to the political and ideological heritage. The children of revolutionaries (those who died in the Korean War) are given special educational opportunities at an elite school called the Mangyndae Revolutionary Institute. However, the children and descendants of those who were in collaboration with the Japanese or the "exploiting class" are considered to be 'bad elements' in the society.

North Korea supports equality in aspect of the genders. The employment of women is expected and demanded by the South Korean government and those working with children under the age of four are expected to put the children in permanent nurseries if there is no family to take care of them while the mother works. However, the women are paid less than are men and…

Bibliography

Edgell, Alvin G. (2003) Globalization and Cultural Encounters 2003

International and Third World Studies Journal and Review Vol. XIV 2003 Dept

Political Science Kent State University.

Opondo, Patricia a. (2000) Cultural Policies in Kenya 2000 May 1 Arts

Urbanization is changing the way people live and work in America. With higher population density, residents are creating economies of scale that allow greater access to goods from around the world at competitive prices. All the cities of the Eastern United States are linked via trade routes to the Old World and beyond, introducing items ranging from spices and food to luxury goods. The American trade industry is booming so much so that this nation's raw materials are in demand all over the world. New immigrants to American cities can participate in the exiting endeavors of world trade, working on docks loading and unloading cargo or helping ship raw materials from mines and factories to the ships that will take them overseas.

The American housing industry needs laborers to build and help move large tracts of lumber across many miles of land. Similarly, giant steel companies are hiring as many…

References

American Industrialization." Retrieved Feb 25, 2009 at http://home.earthlink.net/~gfeldmeth/lec.indust.html

Industrialization, Immigration, Urbanization." Retrieved Feb 25, 2009 at  http://faculty.utep.edu/LinkClick.aspx?link=industry_immigration.ppt&tabid=20250&mid=66301 

Transportation Revolution." Interactive Maps. Retrieved Feb 25, 2009 at  http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0073124923/student_view0/chapter17/interactive_maps.html

World War II (WWII) Transformed the United States Domestically

World War II was a global military conflict that, in terms of lives lost and material destruction, was the most tragic war in human history. It started in 1939 as a European conflict between Germany and an Anglo-French coalition but eventually grew to include most of the nations of the world. It ended in 1945, leaving a new world that was dominated by the United States and the U.S.S.R.

When the United States became involved with World War II, there were immediate and long-term changes in virtually every aspect of American life. Millions of men and women joined the military and saw areas of the world they would likely never have seen on their own. The labor demands of war industries caused millions more Americans to relocate, mainly to the Atlantic, Pacific, and Gulf coasts, where most defense plants were located.…

Bibliography

Encarta. World War. Encyclopedia Article. Retrieved from the Internet at http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761563737/World_War_II.html.

Sage, Henry. (March 23, 2004). The Postwar United States. The Library of Congress. Retrieved from the Internet at http://www.nv.cc.va.us/home/nvsageh/Hist122/topics/PostWorldWarIIDom.htm.

Stravelli, Gloria. (March, 2004). In unexpected ways WWII changed women's lives: Role in war effort helped shift societal perceptions and expectations. New Jersey: The Hub.

The New Georgia Encyclopedia. (2004). Civil Rights Movement. Retrieved from the Internet at  http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/ArticlePrintable.jsp?id=h-2716 .

political, social and economical processes of the first century AD, it's important to distinguish main superpower, which dictated its values and spread its influence on other nations and ethnic groups. If to look on the problem from these perspective the problems that arose from such interaction will become obvious and clear. That's why we have to describe the processes that took place in the oman Empire, the only super state on the world's map of that epoch.

At the beginning of the first century the power of oman empire had expended over the territories of Mediterranean region: omans had conquered Britain, Spain in the West and reached eastern borders of their possessions on the territories of modern Armenia, Northern Mesopotamia in the East, omania in the North and Sarah in the South. oman emperors starting from Julius Caesar expanded and empowered oman Empire, its territories, increased army and turned into…

Reference:

Craig, Albert M. Heritage of World Civilizations, Combined Volume (6th Edition) Prentice Hall; 6th edition 2002

NASA cannot afford to create new technology, and that is a sign of our lack of support of new science and engineering, something that could be critically short in years to come.

In conclusion, there are clearly many advantages to the flat world economy that has developed with the advent of the 21st century, and Friedman does a good job of spelling out those advantages quite well. There are disadvantages, as well, and Freidman recognizes them and gives them priority in his book. America really began this free trade idea that helped shoot technology around the world and make it possible for people to work anywhere, at anytime. America will continue to innovate and create new ideas, technologies, and innovations that will make our world a better, safer, and healthier place, and as they do, they will continue to generate the best jobs and ideas right here in this country.…

References

Editors. "Average mathematics literacy, reading literacy, science literacy, and problem-solving scores of 15-year-olds, by sex and country: 2003." National Center for Education Statistics. 2003. 10 July 2008.  http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d07/tables/dt07_389.asp ?

Editors. "Constellation Program." NASA.gov. 2008. 10 July 2008.  http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/constellation/main/index.html 

Friedman, Thomas L. The World Is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century, Release 2.0. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2006. (ebook).

postindustrial transformation of the United States and Canada? What are its impact on the human geography of this realm?

The term "postindustrial transformation" can be thought of as the alteration of an area in response to an ending of the age of industry. This postindustrial age is dominated by the production and manipulation of information, technology, and highly skilled workers. This age indicates that the area manufactures and operates on a global scale, rather than retaining a framework of regional business interactions. The transformation that occurs in this postindustrial age is one in which new business and regions emerge, while older businesses and regions attempt to reinvent their concepts and ideas to appeal to the new global market. These alterations to human geography are accompanied by an alteration of the use of space, since technology advancements create the possibility of new ways to create and sustain space.

In terms of…

Bibliography

Girhard, S. (2005). Chapter 2: Europe. Retrieved October 8, 2005 from Alamo Community College database. Web site: http://www.accd.edu/sac/earthsci/sgirhard/1303.090/chap2.htm.

Lehner, B. (2003). Europe's Hydropower Potential Today and in the Future. Retrieved October 8, 2005 from the Institute for Applied Technologies database. Web site: http://www.iset.uni-kassel.de/abt/w3-w/projekte/europes_hydropower_bernhard.pdf.

Rodriguez, F. (2005). North America: The Post Industrial Transformation. Retrieved October 8, 2005 from Delmar College. Web site:  http://www.delmar.edu/socsci/Faculty/Rodriguez/pptlecture/PPTLECNAM.htm .

Vershbow, A. (2003). The Reflections of the U.S. Ambassador to Moscow on the U.S.-Russian Partnership. Retrieved October 8, 2005 from Center for Defense Information. Web site:

The demonstration in Tiananmen Square showed that there were alrge semgnets of the population that wanted change, but Deng's response was to crush the movement with violence and to assert the supremacy ofm centalzied rule once more..

These actions show some of the difficulties of independence and of developing a new political structure when many adhere to older political structures and ideas. One response is to try to wipe out the old with violence, but regimes tend to become reactionary about their own ideas as well and to crush any opposition, real of perceived.

9. Arab unity has not materialized for a number of historical reasons related to the different ways in which the countries of the region have developed so that the leaders of some of the states are wary of other leaders, because of differences in economic structures in the various countries, and because of different reactions to…

Essay Prompt:
On 4th May 2016 The Trade Union Bill received royal assent to become the Trade Union Act 2016.

Employment Minister Nick Boles said:
These changes will ensure people are only ever disrupted by industrial action when it is supported by a reasonable proportion of union members. The Trade Union Act means the rights of the public to go about their lives are fairly balanced with members ability to strike.

Unite General Secretary Len McCluskey said:
The bills progress today is a dark day for workers and for those who speak up in their defence when power is misused.
(Adapted from Moss (2016) Trade Union act 2016 becomes law, Personnel Today available at http://www.personneltoday.com/hr/trade-union-act-2016-becomes-law/ )

The Trade Union Act (2016) has been a controversial piece of legislation and did not have a smooth passage through parliament. The draft regulations are set to come into force on 1st March 2017.…

Department of Education:

The Education Authority provided $5 million for ehabilitation Services Administration of those individuals who suffered from physical or mental disabilities as a result of collapse of WTC. The department also provided funds to help those disabled Americans who lost their jobs, rehabilitation or other support structures sue to this tragedy.

The department also provided assistance to the state schools for counseling and mental therapy of affected children. The department established 'Loan Forgiveness Scheme', under which individuals living or working in New York were provided temporary relief from student loan payments.

Department of Justice:

Legislation was introduced for expeditious payments of compensation to the families of those who lost their relatives as a result of 9/11 terrorist attacks. The program launched in this regard was 'Victims Compensation Benefit Program'.

Legislation was introduced for speedy payment of compensation to the families of the police officers, firefighters and rescuer, who…

References

Government Accounts Officer Report, 2002.  http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/10/20011003.html .

Henderson, DA. Defense against the bio-terrorist threat (lecture). 75th annual meeting, American Epidemiological Society, March 21-22, 2000, New York, NY.  http://www.mssm.edu/cpm/wtc_health/focus_claudio/ .

The New York Times, 12/Sept 2001.  http://ccforum.com/content/5/6/323 .

Dr Dennis Charney, Journal of National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Sept 2006 edition.

rebuilding the World Trade Center. Specifically it will discuss the rebuilding of Ground Zero after the World Trade Center (WTC) attacks of September 11, 2001, including who are the decision makers, what is the process, and who has involvement in the process. It will also look at the cost, who is paying, the timeline, current status, what the final project will look like, who will benefit, the effect on New York City, surrounding boroughs, and the state. Almost as soon as cleanup began at the World Trade Center after the terrorist attacks, there was speculation on what kind of building or memorial could possibly replace the Twin Towers. Today, designs for a new office complex and memorial have been chosen, and some expect construction on at least one of the buildings replacing the WTC could be complete by 2009. As with any large project, the plans have faced adversity, controversy,…

References

Bloomberg, Michael. "Mayor Bloomberg's Vision for Lower Manhattan." LowerManhattan.info. 12 Dec. 2002. 11 May 2005.

< http://www.lowermanhattan.info/news/read_mayor_bloomberg_s_80515.asp

Chandler, Dahna M. "World Trade Recovery: Black CPA Firm Snares Post-9/11 Contract to Help Rebuild New York's Ground Zero Area." Black Enterprise Mar. 2004: 28.

Chermak, Steven, Frankie Y. Bailey, and Michelle Brown, eds. Media Representations of September 11. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003.

New York eal Estate and Office Markets

NEW YOK CITY OFFICE MAKET

New York is one of the premiere metropolitan areas of the world, exerting a significant impact on global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment. The home of the United Nations Headquarters, New York City is an important center for international affairs and is widely deemed the cultural capital of the world. With its unmatched scope of building types, diverse tenant base and extensive transportation system, the city has earned an iconic and prominent place in the global market.

The borough of Manhattan serves as its hub and is the nation's largest single office market with 450 million square feet of space (Brown, 2007). Its office inventory is greater than the next five largest U.S. markets combined and features some of the world's most iconic properties (Beauregard, 2005). This paper explores the current state of…

References

1. Beauregard, R.A. (2005). The textures of property markets: Downtown housing and office conversions in New York City. Urban Studies (Routledge), 42(13), 2431-2445. doi:10.1080/00420980500380345

2. Brown, J.L. (2007). Demolition in Manhattan Gains Momentum. Civil Engineering (08857024), 77(8), 34.

3. Gong, H., & Keenan, K. (2012). The Impact of 9/11 on the Geography of Financial Services in New York A Few Years Later. Professional Geographer, 64(3), 370-388. doi:10.1080/00330124.2011.603654

4. Gregor, A. (2011). Demand for Office Condos Grows in Manhattan. New York Times. p. 6.

Airport Screening for Terrorists

There are a variety of reasons why United States security does not profile terrorists, particularly at major national and international venues such as airports. The main reason why terrorists are not profiled in this setting is because it is virtually impossible to devise a neat, categorical description of what a quintessential terrorist is/looks like. It is true that virtually all of the terrorists involved in the destruction of the World Trade Center were Middle Eastern men from the ages of 20 and 40. Does this fact mean that a Middle Eastern man who is 41, for instance, could not be a terrorist? Or perhaps one that is 19? Although the terrorists who destroyed the World Trade Center all fit one neat category, others do not. For instance, the young man from Nigeria who attempted to detonate some sort of homemade explosive while above Detroit was not…

References

Faris, S. (2013). "Have the NSA leaks compromised big data's future?" DATAVERSITY. Retrieved from  http://www.dataversity.net/have-the-nsa-leaks-compromised-big-datas-future/ 

Huddy, L. Feldman, S. (2011). "Americans respond politically to 9/11: Understanding the impact of the terrorist attacks and their aftermath." American Psychologist. 66 (6): 455-467. Retrieved from  http://ehis.ebscohost.com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=3&sid=6c5746c9-4b73-4b98-b07f-37a2c3b154f1%40sessionmgr13&hid=4 

Neria, Y., DiGrande, L, Adams, B.G. (2011). "Posttraumatic stress disorder following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks." American Psychologist. 66 (6): 429-446.  http://ehis.ebscohost.com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=6c5746c9-4b73-4b98-b07f-37a2c3b154f1%40sessionmgr13&vid=4&hid=4

8 billion. The Occupation authorities also helped the Japanese government overcome postwar economic chaos, especially rampant inflation, by balancing the government budget, raising taxes and imposing price and wage freezes, and resuming limited foreign trade" (Kesselman et al., 203). The U.S. aid not only helped to rebuild the country, but also ensured that Japan was stable enough so that renegade seedlings of Communism or comparable institutions didn't suddenly flourish. The United States should sue this wise historical strategy that it deftly employed to help the economies of poorer nations in the Middle East. hen people are living in poverty, this makes them ripe breeding grounds for terrorism to build and people to be brainwashed by doctrines which vilify the est. Furthermore the United States should invest money in developing educational programs in the Middle East, so that the citizens there can actually envision a real future for themselves, without having…

Works Cited

Bryne, P.J. The Chinese Revolution: The Triumph of Communism. Minneapolis: Compass Point

Books, 2007.

Kesselman, M., Krieger, J. And Joseph, W. Introduction to Comparative Politics. Boston:

Wadsworth Learnign, 2013.

" The book argues that the reality of history is a "ludicrously compressed and constricted warfare," Said continues; but indeed Huntington cannot grasp the notion that there are no strictly defined Muslim cultures but to make his book work he has to build a case that there is such a stereotypical, predictable Muslim culture.

Said goes so far as to say that Huntington's book attempted to give his original article a bit more "subtlety" along with "many, many more footnotes." But alas, Said believes that all Huntington did by putting out a whole book on the topic was to "confuse himself and demonstrate what a clumsy writer and inelegant thinker he was." Said has plenty more to say, albeit there is not space in this paper for all of his views; but several more of his themes will be presented. For example, Said compares the likes of Osama bin Laden…

Works Cited

Barder, Christopher. (1999). Professor Huntington's "Clash of Civilizations" and its Bearing on Israel's Security. NATIV, Retrieved March 31, 2008, at  http://www.acpr.org.il/nativ/1999-6/barderxs.htm .

Huntington, Samuel P. (1996). The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order.

New York: Simon & Schuster.

Said, Edward W. (2001). The Clash of Ignorance. The Nation. Retrieved March 31, 2008, at  http://www.thenation.com/doc/20011022/said .

S. To undergo surgery to correct a congenital heart defect (Fairfax Digital, 2005, found online at (http://www.smh.com.au/news/World/Vietnam-war-picture-that-touched-a-nation-can-still-surprise/2005/05/22/1116700595259.html)..

One of the most disturbing photographs of the war was that of then 9-year-old child, a little girl, running with other children, fleeing a recent bombing. In the background, there are soldiers, carrying weapons. The children are the survivors of a 1972 napalm attack on the Vietnam village where they had gone to hide and find safety. This photograph was responsible for a loud - even louder than usual - outcry and protest by anti-war protesters state side. The photograph can be viewed, online at http://www.slate.com/id/1896.The photograph, copied from that site below, is as disturbing today as it was when originally published in 1972. It should be noted, too, that the child was identied as han Thi Kim huc, who, in 1996, 24 years later, was photographed laying a wreath on the grave…

Phan Thi Kim Phuc, 1972, photo by UT. Princess Diana, with Prince William

Baby in a box... The Vietnam war photo that moved the U.S.

Photo: AP, 1973.

Covert Action

One of the key changes of the late 20th century, certainly enhanced in the early 21st, is that of the economic, political, and cultural movements that broadly speaking, move the various countries of the world closer together. This idea, called globalism, refers to a number of theories that see the complexities of modern life such that events and actions are tied together, regardless of the geographic location of a specific country (political unit). The idea of globalism has become popular in economic and cultural terms with the advent of a number of macro-trade agreements combined with the ease of communication brought about with the Internet and cellular communication, but also the concept of the global environment as a single organism (Schneider (ed.) 2004, 9). However, the changes in the global, post-World War II and even Cold War environments have also changed the perceptions of most individuals about the…

REFERENCES

Aldrich, Tawnsley and Yeh 2005, The Clandestine Cold War in Asia, 1956-65, Frank

Cass, New York.

Boyd, A 2007, Operation Broken Reed: Truman's secret North Korean spy Mission that averted

World War III, Carroll and Graf, New York.

Islam and the Clash of Civilizations

orld civilization has known in the last decades some of the most important political, economic, and in particular cultural developments of the 20th century. The era after the end of the Cold ar determined a series of events that triggered numerous conflicts around the world, from the war in Kuwait in the early 1990s, to the genocide in Rwanda, human rights abuses and apartheid in South Africa, to the escalation of the terrorist phenomenon to dimensions never attained before.

The peak of the terrorist threat was reached on September 11, 2001 when the attacks on the orld Trade Center in New York fully demonstrated the power, influence, and capacity terrorist groups can master. Along with the terrorist phenomenon, the other regional conflicts still ongoing in parts of the Middle East and Africa, point out the increased differences that exist throughout the world between different…

Works cited

Baxter, Kylie; Akbarzadeh, Shahram. 2008. "U.S. Foreign Policy in the Middle East." Routledge.

Huntington. S. 1993."The Clash of Civilizations?" Foreign Affairs, Summer.

Inglehart, Ronald, and Norris, Pippa. "The True Clash of Civilizations." Foreign Policy, Mar/Apr2003, Issue 135

Krishna, S. 2008. Globalization and post colonialism. Hegemony and resistance in the twenty first century. Rowman, Littlefield Publishers, New York.

Huntington's Clash Of Civilization

confirm or refute Huntington's clash of civilizations thesis

Huntington's clash of civilization

Scholars, journalists, and policy makers have adopted and popularized the ideas of Samuel P. Huntington, who was a professor of government at Harvard University, to explain the emerging post-cold war world. According to Huntington, the world is divided into a number of distinct civilizations that are irreconcilable because they hold to entirely different value systems (Huntington, 1993, 22-49).

This essay in tends to refute the Huntington's clash of civilizations thesis by first of all looking at the summation of this thesis, before the researcher gives his own perspective of Huntington's theory. In the third section of this study, supporting evidence that draws from the readings from this essay and other accredited outside sources are discussed before the essay concludes.

Summation of Huntington's clash of civilization thesis

Born Samuel P. Huntington in 1927; a political…

Work cited

Ankerl, Guy. (2008) Global communication without universal civilization Coexisting contemporary civilizations: Arabo-Muslim, Bharati, Chinese, and Western. Geneva: INU Press. pp 74-89

Blankley, Tony, (2005) The West's Last Chance: Will We Win the Clash of Civilizations?, Washington, D.C., Regnery Publishing, Inc., p 56-88

Djilas, Aleksa: (2006) "Democracy, Destiny, and the Clash of Civilizations": Transitions, the journal on post-communist society's pp 49

Fox, Jonathon, (1994) Ethnic minorities and the clash of civilizations: A quantitative analysis of Huntington's thesis. British Journal of Political Science, pp 415-435.

Terrorist Attacks on New York City

Consumer ehavior and Risk

Terrorism and Consumerism in the Melting Pot

How has September 11 Impacted Americans

Economic Impact of terrorism

Outlook for the New York Economy

Examination of the Effects on usiness

Regaining Consumer Confidence

Sampling Procedures

Survey Construction

Survey results

Recommendations for Further Studies

Survey of Consumer Patterns After The September 11 attacks on the World Trade Towers

Survey Results presented Graphically

Store Owner Interviews

The Impact of the Terrorist Attacks on New York City: One Year Later Chapter 1

The attacks on the World Trade Towers on September 11, 2001 threatened the American People's sense of security in a way that had not been felt since the attack on Pearl Harbor. To say that the attacks changed the lives of many people would be an understatement. The attacks literally brought the country to a halt for nearly three days. It can…

Bibliography

American Bankers Association. 2001. "Post Sept. 11 Survey Shows Nation's Bankers Are Optimistic." ABA Press Release, December 3, 2001.

Atkinson, J.W. 1957. Motivational determinants of risk-taking behavior. Psychological Review,

Barone, Ronald; M. Rigby, Peter;Schwartz, Bruce; Simonson; Arthur F; Chew; William H;

Eiseman, Barbara A, and Shipman, Todd A. 2002. Consequences of Sept. 11 Attacks Put

nd with respect to the eschewing of modesty, the new World Trade Center which is currently under construction in New York City proposes soon to be the tallest building in the United States. This is a demonstration of a form which follows a complex set of functions, both philosophically and practically. To the latter, there is an interest in housing a significant population of businesses, agencies, organizations and priorities. s it replaces the Twin Towers felled by a terrorist attack in 2001, 1 World Trade Center must serve functions of usage that are quite diverse and implicating many people. Philosophically, the enormity of form may be regarded as following the function of patriotism, with the structure also designed to make a statement of determination and resilience for an merica previously humbled by attack. Its function is to reassert the persistence of modernity.

No further a divergence from this could be…

And with respect to the eschewing of modesty, the new World Trade Center which is currently under construction in New York City proposes soon to be the tallest building in the United States. This is a demonstration of a form which follows a complex set of functions, both philosophically and practically. To the latter, there is an interest in housing a significant population of businesses, agencies, organizations and priorities. As it replaces the Twin Towers felled by a terrorist attack in 2001, 1 World Trade Center must serve functions of usage that are quite diverse and implicating many people. Philosophically, the enormity of form may be regarded as following the function of patriotism, with the structure also designed to make a statement of determination and resilience for an America previously humbled by attack. Its function is to reassert the persistence of modernity.

No further a divergence from this could be made than Fallingwater in Fayette County, Pennsylvania. A mere few hours from the rising 1 World Trade Center by turnpike drive, the stately forest residence conceived by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1934 stands as one of the finest achievements in integrative architecture. Here, the function of residential living within the context of an utterly natural and non-disruptive form is met with stunning precision. A reaction to the industrialization of previously rural settings, Wright's work serves the dual purposes of natural preservation and human compatibility, suggesting perhaps one of the finest examples available to us of environmental form and function interceding.

Likewise, it serves as a compelling place to close this discussion, revealing the height of possibilities where function does not alone shape form but where function is seen as a target which can be met by innovative and previously unimagined mutations of form.

"

But this seems to be an assumption athe than an established fact. Jugensmeye late points out that Abouhalima denies his involvement in the Wold Tade Cente bombing. If so, how can one know that Abouhalima was "disappointed" to see little damage? One can also see assumptions in the wods Jugensmeye uses. Fo example, Jugensmeye wites that Abouhalima "felt fee to talk about the subject of teoism in geneal and teoist incidents of which he was not accused, including the Oklahoma City fedeal building bombing."

Instead of witing, he "was not involved," Jugensmeye says he "he was not accused," as if Abouhalima could be accused of the Oklahoma City bombing.

Instead of making assumptions about Abouhalima, Jugensmeye could have focused on the contadictions in the actions and views of the Islamist militant and his appaent lack of knowledge in Islamic law. Jugensmeye povides evidence fo that by telling the stoy…

references to religious doctrines are almost always abstract and vague. As Jurgensmeyer's discussion of Abouhalima's ideological views demonstrates, Islamists like Abouhalima are not well-versed in Qur'anic studies or other Islamic core texts. It is important to critically examine the views of Abouhalima and other Islamist terrorists and expose their lack of Islamic knowledge and contradictions inherent in their views as this may help in discrediting them in the eyes of most Muslims.

Mark Jurgensmeyer, Terror in the Mind of God: The Global Rise of Religious Violence (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2001), p. 60.

Ibid, p. 61.

Ibid, p. 62.

Ibid, p. 61.

September 11, 2001, most Americans went on with their daily activities without fear of invasion of their own country. They read about the bombings and wars in other countries, but did not believe that similar events could happen in the United States. Those men and women who lived through World War II naturally recalled exactly what they were doing when they heard about Pearl Harbor. Yet, since that event happened so many years ago, even these individuals assumed that their land was now protected. After September 11, 2001, these peaceful thoughts were shattered, but for how long? Are Americans going back to their complacency? Do they now once again believe that the country is once again invincible?

Many people who were watching television at 8:45 AM, Eastern Daylight Time, on September 11, 2001 thought they were watching a commercial for a movie when they saw an explosion of the north…

References

Attack aftermath Images. InfoPlease. Website retrieved July 30, 2005.

http://www.september11news.com/AftermathImages.htm

Bloomberg.com Iraq Suicide Bombings Kill 33 in North; U.S. Helicopter Crashes

Website retrieved July 30, 2005.  http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000087& ; sid=ao5ejG5OMBR0& refer=top_world_news

Data gaps must also be acknowledged, and approximated if at all possible. hen approximating, conservative estimates should be made -- in other words, when assessing an individual's exposure to second-hand smoke, assuming exposure over a 24-hour period (the maximum possible exposure to the environment) rather than the minimum, is usually preferred. or, in the case of childhood exposure to lead paint, even if this cannot be confirmed, if the individual lived in an area where residency in lead-painted accommodations was likely, exposure to the toxin may need to be factored into an analysis of the subject's health status. Conservative estimates seem like a necessary, compassionate, allowance assessing the complications caused by 9/11. 9/11 was an extraordinary, unprecedented event, and data collection at the point of time was virtually impossible, yet it had very real effects upon emergency responders, given their higher rate of manifesting respiratory illnesses. Creating an approximation of…

Works Cited

Prezant D.J., Weiden M., G.I. Banauch, et al. (2002). Cough and bronchial responsiveness in firefighters at the World Trade Center site. New England Journal of Medicine.

errorism has been in existence for a long time, yet the experts are still finding difficulty defining exactly what it is. errorism has been defined as: "Premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience." However it is defined, there is agreement that there are certain elements that much be present for an act to be classified as terrorism. Some experts agree that it must be politically motivated and that the targets must be random. It is thought that the intention is to make everyone afraid of being a target. he CIA's Counterterrorist Center adds that it must be premeditated and not just an impulsive act, and aimed at civilians. errorist acts can be considered barbaric because of the extent of the damage that is inflicted, and so it is difficult to understand why anyone would be motivated to…

Terrorism has been in existence for a long time, yet the experts are still finding difficulty defining exactly what it is. Terrorism has been defined as: "Premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience." However it is defined, there is agreement that there are certain elements that much be present for an act to be classified as terrorism. Some experts agree that it must be politically motivated and that the targets must be random. It is thought that the intention is to make everyone afraid of being a target. The CIA's Counterterrorist Center adds that it must be premeditated and not just an impulsive act, and aimed at civilians. Terrorist acts can be considered barbaric because of the extent of the damage that is inflicted, and so it is difficult to understand why anyone would be motivated to carry out such an act. In past history there have been many reasons for such terrorist acts such as to produce fear, to harass weaken or embarrass a government security forces, to satisfy vengeance, to steal money and equipment especially weapons, to free prisoners, and to obtain worldwide or local recognition for a cause. In order to be effective on a large scale the common method of terrorism is by bombing. Perhaps the most remembered in recent history is what is now known simply as 9-11. This was an unusual mode of terrorism where planes were simultaneously flown into public buildings in crowded cities. The deadliest was at the World Trade Center in New York city where more than 3,000 lives were lost. But that was not the first time that the World trade Center was the target of terrorism. In February 1993, a truck bomb exploded there, killing six people, and displacing business in the complex for six months. Terrorists acts are not always carried out by groups. Timothy McVeigh killed 168 people by bombing a federal office building in Oklahoma City in 1995.

Despite the war against terrorism which has been intensified since the 9/11 attacks, some think that as long as there is greed and hatred in the world there will continue to be this deliberate use of violence against civilians for political or religious ends.

September 11, 2001, terrorists staged an attack on the United States. There were several areas affected, but the Twin Towers in New York City were - and still remain - the most notable. They are what everyone thinks of, when 9/11 is mentioned. On that day many lives were lost. Among them were 37 officers and one K-9 officer from the Port Authority Police Department (PAPD) (Damico & Quay, 2010). That department works jointly for New York and New Jersey, and was housed in the World Trade Center complex. The quick thinking of the PAPD, along with other law enforcement agencies, reduced the loss of life. While still tragic, the 9/11 events could have been significantly more devastating if it were not for the quick thinking of a number of police officers, firefighters, and other individuals. One of the reasons the PAPD performed so well on 9/11, however, likely came…

References

Bolton, M.K. (2006). U.S. National Security and Foreign Policymaking After 9/11: Present at the Re-creation. New York: Rowman & Littlefield

Caraley, D. (2002). September 11, terrorist attacks, and U.S. foreign policy. New York: Academy of Political Science

Chernick, H. (2005). Resilient city: the economic impact of 9/11. New York: Russell Sage Foundation

Damico, A.M., & Quay, S.E. (2010). September 11 in Popular Culture: A Guide. New York: Greenwood

Of course, not all of the counterterrorism methods will work, and there will certainly be changes, alterations, and even the disbanding of some of the things the government has done to help prevent further attacks.

Clearly, the nation has learned quite a bit from the terrorist attacks of 9/11. The people learned the country was vulnerable to attacks never before imagined. They learned that thousands of people could die in a few minutes at the hands of terrorists, and that the borders, the cities, and even the rural areas were susceptible to attack. They learned that weapons such as biochemical agents and other poisons could enter the water and food supplies and could kill thousands, or even millions. They learned that the country has to be increasingly vigilant to protect the citizens and their way of life. They also learned that Americans could stand together with pride in the face…

References

Chomsky, N. (2001). September 11. Crows Nest, N.S.W.: Allen & Unwin.

Cordesman, A.H. (2002). Terrorism, Asymmetric Warfare, and Weapons of Mass Destruction: Defending the U.S. Homeland. Westport, CT: Praeger.

Klinger, D.A., & Grossman, D. (2002). Who Should Deal with Foreign Terrorists on U.S. Soil? Socio-Legal Consequences of September 11 and the Ongoing Threat of Terrorist Attacks in America. Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy, 25(2), 815+.

Posner, Gerald. (2003). Why America Slept: The Failure to Prevent 9/11. New York: Random House.

1931, the Empire State Building was the highest building in the world. It was surpassed in its impressiveness only by the first orld Trade Center in the 1970s. The man who played a significant role in the development of the ESB was Al Smith, an ambitious man and a reformer. From the 1920s on, New York was continually reinventing itself. Families of immigrants had already become an important part of the city's life. Led by their hopes to fulfill the American dream, many of the immigrants dealt nevertheless with the social conditions of the time. Smith, who became governor of the United States in 1918, was himself a man who could identify with them, having grown up on the Lower East Side of Manhattan. As a child, he witnessed the construction of the Brooklyn Bridge, a project that represented one of the foolproof elements that New York was developing into…

Works Cited

Lemire, Elise, and Flowers, Benjamin. Skyscraper: The Politics and Power of Building New York City in the Twentieth Century. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2009. Print.

United States. Department of the Interior, National Park Service. National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Empire State Building. OMB No. 1024-0018. Web. 30 Sep 2013

Norfolk Virginia is a medium sized city, and like many other local communities, has had to adapt to the new reality that the events of September 11, 2001 have forced the nation to accept. In the wake of the attacks a federal Commission was charged with exploring the causes, events, and lessons to be learned from the tragedy. This commission recommended a dual path approach to keeping the nation safe: firstly confronting terrorism outside the United States and improving and then maintaining adequate defenses against potential terrorist attacks. In the years following the attacks on the World Trade Center in New York and the Pentagon in Virginia, the city of Norfolk, in conjunction with both the state of Virginia and the federal government has implemented a number of new policies to deal with the threat faced by the community.

Essay

The events of September 11, 2001 have had a significant…

References

"2009 Virginia Terrorism Threat Assessment." (March 2009). Virginia Fusion Center.

Commonwealth of Virginia Department of State Police. Retrieved from  http://rawstory.com/images/other/vafusioncenterterrorassessment.pdf 

"9/11 Commission Report." (2004). The National Commission on Terrorist Attacks

Upon the United States. Retrieved from http://www.9-

There is an obvious contradiction between what we think of Muslim women and their actual life. In order to better understand them and their social and civil life, we need to understand their religion and the way of thinking for both men and women.

Question

In the introductory chapter of the book "The war of Muslim Minds, Islam and the West," Gilles Kepel talks about the online article "Knights under the Prophet's anner," published on the Internet in December 2001 by Ayman al-Zawahiri, Al Qaeda's most valued ideologue and Osama bin Laden's mentor.

According to his statements, the explanation for the attack of September 11 on the World Trade Centre is a simple and rather nationalistic one. Jihad activists came to face the disappointing conclusion that wherever they would go, Afghanistan, osnia or Saudi Arabia, jihad activist were unable to motivate and gather up the masses in order to fight…

Bibliography

Gilles Kepel, "The War of Muslim Minds, Islam and the West," The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England, 2004

Bernard Lewis and Robin Wright, Laith Kubba, "Islam and Liberal Democracy: Recognizing Pluralism," Journal of Democracy 7.2 (1996) 86-89

Meria, Middle East Review of International Affairs, Journal, Volume 3, Number 1, March 1999, Article "Islam, Islamists and democracy," by Ali R. Abootalebi

Zuleyha Keskin, "Status of Women in Islam," 2005

he author then proceeds to contradict himself or herself by referring to the Black Eyed Peas as mainstream. So, are the Black Eyed Peas up-and-coming or mainstream? Moreover, the author contends that it was refreshing to have a "mainstream music group" release a song with a positive message when the music the band was not considered to be mainstream until the release of "Where is the Love?" And the release of their third studio album.

he essay is also heavily biased against hip-hop, or at least it appears to be, through the arguments made the song is influential because the Black Eyed Peas were able to convey such a message through hip-hop music when hip-hop artists "are stereotyped as thugs who only talk about money, sex, and guns." By arguing hip-hop artists are negatively stereotyped without explaining that hip-hop is not limited to these views and the term can also…

The essay is also full of false and biased statements. For instance, the author contends the Black Eyed Peas were an up-and-coming hip-hop group at the time the song was released when, in fact, they had been around since 1995 and had released two albums prior to the 9/11 attacks. The author then proceeds to contradict himself or herself by referring to the Black Eyed Peas as mainstream. So, are the Black Eyed Peas up-and-coming or mainstream? Moreover, the author contends that it was refreshing to have a "mainstream music group" release a song with a positive message when the music the band was not considered to be mainstream until the release of "Where is the Love?" And the release of their third studio album.

The essay is also heavily biased against hip-hop, or at least it appears to be, through the arguments made the song is influential because the Black Eyed Peas were able to convey such a message through hip-hop music when hip-hop artists "are stereotyped as thugs who only talk about money, sex, and guns." By arguing hip-hop artists are negatively stereotyped without explaining that hip-hop is not limited to these views and the term can also be used to define a specific music style or a lifestyle.

I believe the paper could have made a greater impact on the reader if the author explained what about the song was especially influential and how it appealed to listeners to take a closer look at their surroundings. I also think that the author should have explained why the song was so important to the band, and more specifically, how the song transformed the band. In order to strengthen the arguments made in the paper, I would suggest the author consider how the paper is structured, present the argument from a more formal perspective, provide citations for claims made, and make sure the essay is free of grammatical errors, which detract from the point that the author is trying to get across.

lies for which we are truly punished are those we tell ourselves.

"It is wrong to have an ideal view of the world. That's where the mischief starts. That's where everything starts unravelling..."

"The world is what it is; men who are nothing, who allow themselves to become nothing, have no place in it."

Naipaul

Nobel Prize-winning author Naipaul published the story "One Out of Many in 2001." This story was published the same year as the terrorist attacks upon the World Trade Center in New York City. It is no coincidence that he published the story with the protagonist of South Asian, and stereotypically, terrorist descent during this year. The story is a somewhat familiar one, of a man, Santosh, from a foreign (to Americans) country when his life changes. The man he serves and works for receives a transfer to Washington D.C. What is familiar about Santosh's plight…

References:

Naipaul, V.S. "One Out of Many." The Norton Anthology of English Literature. (ed) M.H. Abrams, et al. 7th edition, Vol. 2, 2722-2745. New York: Norton, 2000.

terrorist attacks of September 11th 2001 as well as several previous acts of domestic and international terrorism sparked responses from nearly every civic agency in the United States. Each and every agency across the nation was called to action both immediately with temporary changes and in the long-term with fundamental legal and policy actions that are believed to aid in the future response to disasters of both the man-made kind and natural (Glendening, 2002, p. 21). Maryland is poised in a position where challenges are inherent due in part to its close proximity to Washington DC, with Maryland surrounding two thirds of Washington DC, and because of some of the fundamentally high risk target sites within it, such as a nuclear facility and its own World Trade Center in Baltimore, long and sparsely controlled coastlines, just to name a few (21). "Maryland is home to many important federal installations, including…

Resources

Glendening, P.N. (Sep. 11, 2002) Governing after September 11th: A new normalcy. Public Administration Review 62 Special Issue: Democratic Governance in the Aftermath of September 11, 2001 (Sep., 2002), pp. 21-23  http://0-www.jstor.org.library.pcc.edu/stable/3110166

history to change, I would pick the events of September 11, 2001. On that date, a group of terrorists attempted to humiliate the United States and all that it stands for, good and bad. As most people know, on September 11, 2001, a group of Al-Queda terrorists hijacked four different airplane flights. They had taken flying lessons. They accelerated three of the planes to very high speeds. One crashed into the north tower of the World Trade Center in New York City, one crashed into the South Tower, one crashed into the Pentagon in suburban Washington D.C., and one hijacking was foiled and crashed into the countryside in Pennsylvania instead of hitting some second target in Washington D.C.

Thousands of people lost their lives that day, and those events started a new kind of worldwide war. First the United States had to attack and invade Afghanistan because the government of…

Wheat symbolizes life for humanity. In the background is the Manhattan skyline with the former twin towers of the World Trade Center in the center. The Urbanization of the island of Manhattan is symbolic of a war that humanity has waged against nature in the name of "civilization." Civilization has come to be synonymous with things that are not found in nature. But this not only represents the war that humanity has waged against the environment, it also reminds the viewer of a tragedy. And while the tragedy was not an environmental one, the image of the World Trade Center instills the emotion of tragedy which the art is attempting to convey has been the result of man's war on the environment.

The final print of the three print set displays the image of a man on a machine, harvesting the wheat and perfectly conveys the sense of the man-made…

References

"Expo 1: New York." (1982). [Module]. MoMA PS1: New York. Retrieved from  http://www.momaps1.org/expo1/image/wheatfield-a-confrontation-battery-park-landfill-downtown-manhattan-2/

They were against NAFTA and free trade, since workers would lose jobs at home, but were heartened by ush's decisions to not extend war into aghdad and to remove Saddam Hussein from power.

ill Clinton was ush's successor and rode into power upon the back of his promises to balance the federal budget and reduce the deficit, which he accomplished through raising taxes and cutting the defense budget. He paid little attention to foreign policy and Colin Powell, his chairman of the Joint Chiefs, succeeded in undermining Clinton's validity, as did a few of the other foreign policy staff. Clinton proved poor in matters of foreign policy and paid little attention to the advice of his foreign policy team.

A go along with Warren Cohen's assessment of George Walker ush, who is the subject of his most stringent criticism. Called a Vulcan (the god of Fire), ush acted in ignorance…

Bill Clinton was Bush's successor and rode into power upon the back of his promises to balance the federal budget and reduce the deficit, which he accomplished through raising taxes and cutting the defense budget. He paid little attention to foreign policy and Colin Powell, his chairman of the Joint Chiefs, succeeded in undermining Clinton's validity, as did a few of the other foreign policy staff. Clinton proved poor in matters of foreign policy and paid little attention to the advice of his foreign policy team.

A go along with Warren Cohen's assessment of George Walker Bush, who is the subject of his most stringent criticism. Called a Vulcan (the god of Fire), Bush acted in ignorance of foreign affairs in general; yet he sought to inspire confidence by putting into place the best and the worst of his father's advisors. George W. Bush made it his goal to (1)ensure Russia and Communism will never again equal Democracy, (2) ensure no superpower can arise in Asia, such as China, Japan or North Korea (3) ensure that the oil source countries of the earth come under and remain under U.S. control. The resulting mix of ignorance and aggression has led the nation to the present crisis. The leaders of his father's team, "James Baker, Brent Scowcroft and Larry Eagle-burger" have consistently opposed the younger Bush's policies. He lost whatever had been gained in peace strategies between Israel and the Palestinians. He used 9-11 to turn what everyone expected to simply be a temporary invasion to overthrow a tyrant into an extended war. The 9-11 attack on the U.S. has had the result of revealing U.S. weaknesses, as well as fueling the fears of those who have resisted draw downs of defense, in effect encouraging the war-mongers. As a result of George W. Bush's extended and ill-advised response to 9-11, other nations now see the U.S. As a less wise, less admirable superpower, and in some instances as a power they want to see defeated.

Cohen, Warren I. America's Failing Empire. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. 2005.

Global Politics and Economy:

Late 20th and Early 21st Centuries

The world politics and economy of the late twentieth century were highlighted by the collapse of communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, the promise of a 'new world order' and the rise of 'globalization.' These developments were accompanied by a worldwide trend of increasing democracy, trade liberalization and booming economies. The start of the twenty-first century, on the other hand, has seen the emergence of the so-called 'clash of civilizations' and the long drawn out 'fight against terrorism' with the inevitable slump in global economies. In this essay we shall briefly discuss the major trends of the global politics and economy in this tumultuous period of world history.

Collapse of Communism

The 'Cold ar' period involving intense political and economic rivalry between the two superpowers, the U.S.A. And the Soviet Union, lasted from the end of orld ar…

Works Cited

Cold War." Article in Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia Deluxe, 2000. CD-ROM Version.

Fukuyama, Francis. "Their Target: The Modern World." Pp. 54-59. Newsweek International: Special Davos Edition, December 2001-February 2002

World History

Hidden War: A ussian Journalist's Account of the Soviet War in Afghanistan" by Artem Borovik.

Book report on Hidden War by Artem Borovik

Title of book: "Hidden War: A ussian Journalist's Account of the Soviet War in Afghanistan"

Author's purpose in writing the book: This book contains three documentary stories: "Vstertimsia u Zhuravlei," "Spriatannaia Voina," "Kak I Byl Soldatom Amerikanskoi Armii." The first two stories are about the Afghan war, while the third story is about how the Soviets destroyed the image of the American soldier as an enemy for decades. The theme of the book deals with military conflicts and the wars fought. The writer uses the current political and ideology style of writing.

Borovik was born into the Soviet elite and went to prestigious Moscow English School, then to New York, since his father, Genrikh, who worked as a correspondent for the Novosti press agency, was given a…

References

Guardian | Artem Borovik, available at:  http://www.guardian.co.uk/print/0,3858,3979635-103684,00.html , accessed on: April 14, 2004

Artem Borovik, The Hidden War: A Russian Journalists Account of the Soviet War in Afghanistan, published: 10 May 2001