¶ … social sciences: quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. However, there is another classification of research -- evaluation research -- frequently deployed in organizations. Evaluation research may make use of all of these different methodologies, even though it has a different goal than academic research. "The generic goal of most evaluations is to provide 'useful feedback' to a variety of audiences including sponsors, donors, client-groups, administrators, staff, and other relevant constituencies" (Trochim 2006).
In contrast to the use of the scientific method as in quantitative research, evaluation research is more intent upon offering practical data that can be used to maximize organizational resources and is specifically devoted to program evaluation. Some evaluation research does use standard qualitative methods in the tradition of the scientific method. However, an equally common approach is that of "management-oriented systems models. Two of the most common of these are PERT, the Program...
Other forms of evaluation research use anthropological models in the qualitative tradition, such as studying workers via participant interviews or observing interactions with clients. Mixed methods designs embrace both methodologies and combine them for a more holistic perspective, such as assessing quantitatively-gathered sales data along with customer satisfaction feedback gained from focus groups.
Not-for-profits such as schools and programs (such as in the justice department and other government agencies) may also use evaluation research. Formative assessments such as quizzes for teachers and short-term evaluation of data such as arrest records for police offers provide immediate feedback as to whether current programs are working. "Formative evaluations strengthen or improve the object being evaluated -- they help form it by examining the delivery of the program or technology, the quality of its implementation, and the…
