Battered Women The problem of internal hostility and shabby women has been a matter of great concern that attracted increasing concentration in both nationally and worldwide in the course of media campaigns, legislation initiatives, and research performed in fields like criminal justice, social science, and women's studies. (McWhirter, 120) It is estimated that on an average one women is physical abused by her husband in every 7.4 seconds in the United States. The hostility at home is considered to be the most significant cause of hurting the women who are in the health care system. With the passage of time the battering of women is growing in intensity and also in occurrence with the 75% of battering women being victimized in more than one number of cases. (Leon, 36) About 20 to 25% of married women have acknowledged the fact of physical abuse in the Identifying Battered Women National Surveys. About 192,000 abuses have been reported with the families during 1980 as per the national Crime Survey that led to hospitalization cases of 21,000, 28,700 emergency department visits and 39,900 visits to physicians. (Clarke, 65)

Every year it is seen that about two to three million women are battered by their spouses. Brutal injuries necessitating emergency medical treatment of the battered women have been indicated; however, the incidence of head injuries and the negative impacts resulting from such injuries have not been noticed in the report. (O' Leary, 103) According the crime report about seventeen percent of the homicides of the nation occur within families. The past analyses reveal that the battered women are unwilling to report injuries that occur as a result of physical abuse. (Clarke, 65) The problem is more aggravated especially in view of the battering during pregnancy. The intensity of such assault is considered to be significant. According to Helton about twenty-one percent of the prenatal patients had a case of abuse and in cases of current pregnancies it is found to occur in 8.3% of the prenatal patients. Services that have a contact with such victimized women during pregnancy are considered much helpful. (Loring; Smith, 18)

The reason behind continuance of such physically offensive relationships by the battered women for a prolonged period is under question. The simple reply to such queries is noticed in lacking by the women to go to a place and to safeguard their kids-as a woman that walks out sacrifices protection. Contemplating this about 1200 shelters for battered women are there in United States, however, only five percent of them are providing shelter to the women with children. Contrary to this about 3,800 shelters exists for the homeless animals. Such commonly advanced question about the battered women complaining about domestic violence by their spouses is considered to be the wrong question. (Mirands, 52)

The hypothesis is that the victim is to condemn the hostile crime committed against her. The battered women are trapped a web of dependency and necessitates support systems to get out. The actual point is not the reason of their continuance with the abusive spouses but to explore the ways they refute and tolerate domestic hostility. Peculiarly, the victims strive hard to get away from the hostile parents, however, have no money with them or place to go and the alternative to quickly sustain themselves, most are compelled to return to normalize and are socialized to lengthen forgiveness once again to their peculiarly remorseful mates. About 80% have left five or more times. (Mirands, 52) The prototype of hurting the women is being used as an instrument to demarcate the victims of physical assault. The researchers have noted that battered women in comparison to the victims that of other types of injury are more probably are injured over the heard, face, neck, throat, chest and abdomen. The victims have much probability of demonstrating scrapes or contusions however, rarely have strains and sprains. The Muelleman and associates afford to identify the injury inflicted in battered women in comparison to the women injured by other mechanisms. About 9000 women were incorporated in the analysis. (Sadovsky, 82)

The analysis concentrated on women of the age ranging from 19 to 65 years of age that were admitted to one of the ten emergency department of any other reason. A private feed back on the violence were asked to be completed by them. The documentation was made on the cause of the visit, diagnosis and disposition of the case during the emergency department visit. Efforts were made by the site coordinator categorized all the victimized women into several categories indicated as positive, probable, suggestive or negative for battering....

Out of the enrolled women about 280 were identified as positive for severe battering injuries and 154 were identified as probable or suggestive for battering. It is pertinent to note that about thirty-two of the women grouped as positive for battering were detected through the questionnaire but not through the review of the medical record. The rate of the positive battering was estimated to be about 11.2% among the 2,763 women with injuries. The hospital with the highest rate of self-pay and Medicaid patients are seen to have the highest rate of positive battering. (Sadovsky, 83)
The battered women were normally younger varying around 29 years and more probably inflicted with injuries at the head, neck and torso in comparison to that of other women. Non-battered women were more prone to be injured at the spine and lower limbs. Efforts were made to find out the positive predictive values in respect of twelve specific injuries. The fractured tympanic membrane had identified to have a predictive value of 100% in favor of battering. The facial contusion in the existence of at least one of the 12 recognized specific injury types revealed a feeling of 81.4% in favor of battering. The analysts derive that battering is a normal reason of injury among the women. Irrespective of the fact that some of the injuries are more normal in battered women than in women injured by other causes, the low magnitude of the positive predictive value of these specific wounds authorizes a general scrutiny for domestic hostility in all injured women. (Sadovsky, 83) It is pertinent to note that the concern of persistent injuries inflicted on the victimized battered women have not yet been effectively dealt in.

The regulations exercised by the abusers on the battered women results in their social, physical and financial isolation. The battered women are more often restricted from going out by themselves and are allowed limited access to telephone or outside resources to break out of the situation. The nervousness leads to latch on and a striving towards human comfort. Moreover, the repeated assurances to reform and finish his hostility supplement to the expectations of the battered woman. The shocked victim fails to recognize any available alternatives. Thus continuing in the battering relationship is perceived being her only alternative. The families are often ignorant of extending expressive comfort and other forms safeguard. In reality the fact of battered women mostly prefer to conceal the abuses from their families. Although their families are conscious of the battering they may be ignorant of the availability of the community resources. (Loring; Smith, 20)

The battered women may be embarrassed by economic considerations. The presence of the kids in the home increases her financial dependency and lack of job skills contributes to enhance the hardship for the battered woman. The separation and financial regulations can also amounts to the hurdles in seeking medical help. Another hurdle is the ineffectiveness of the emergency room staff and the family physicians to query and validate information regarding the hostile circumstances of the injury of the battered woman. Instead of finding out the reasons of the injury of woman, investigating her feelings, her trauma of the total living environment, the priority is being confined to the questioning and documentation that concentrate only on injury in isolation. Condemning the battered women for their victimization is considered another hurdle to the effective health care. Constraints to detect the battered women among others are also the difficulties experienced by the emergency room staff in acknowledging the signs of distress. These women appear to be elusive and distressed like the captives of the violent crimes. (Loring; Smith, 20)

Depression is the characteristics of the post-shocking stress disorder. The terror, fear shock, psychogenic amnesia, difficulty concentrating, flashbacks, and intrusive thoughts are among the other signs of distress. They are bound with the assaulting partners with a fearful bonding signifying a form of faithfulness and horrified adherence to the fear of being harmed by the barter. In the battered woman syndrome, the prey is associated with helplessness, never aware of the occurrence of the next assault, which is evident with growing tension of the batterer exploding with rage, however, followed by a celebratory period of apologies. Other approaches of the emergency room staff, along with their deficiencies of training may prevent the detection and interference with battered women. The personnel are dissuaded from their attempts to solve the problem by the distress of the battered women…