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Hence, his plan here was not even based upon the assumption of ethnic plurality, but simply upon his own hunger for territorial power.
Franjo Tudjman, equally power hungry, was the elected president of Croatia in 1990. His focus was not ethnic plurality. Rather, his aim was to establish a Croatian state for Croatians, without providing any minority rights to other citizens. For this reason, his focus on Bosnia was also to annex the Croatian areas of the country. Clever manipulation by politicians has led some to believe that ethnic difference cannot be solved by peaceful means, and the war means more power to the winner. In reality, the only winners are those in power, while ordinary and peaceful citizens suffer most.
The respective nationalistic and dictatorship tendencies of these two leaders, far more than intergroup ethnic conflict, have led to the complete destruction of ethnic plurality in Bosnia. Even in cities, such as Sarajevo, where ethnic groups lived peacefully side by side, political manipulation has caused only destruction. Instead of ethnic pluralism, media such as television has caused rampant nationalism, which fed on the historic fears of ethnic groups to stir them to uncharacteristic conflict.
In conclusion, the most logical viewpoint to apply to the ethnic conflict in Bosnia is social constructivism. Ethnic plurality has always existed in the region. Without political interference, this could have been a perpetual and peaceful characteristic of the country. However, manipulation by leaders who have only their own power and interest at heart has made of the country a war zone, where the collective opinion is manipulated to such a degree that the war tends to be perpetuated regardless of international efforts to the contrary.
In this sense, "During the 1950s and 1960s, especially after the falling-out between China and the former Soviet Union, the Chinese government actively relocated Han Chinese to frontier provinces such as Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, and Heilongjiang, in order to consolidate the border in light of possible military threat from the Soviets" . Therefore, the decision to intervene in the ethnic composition of the region was not only a choice related
For example, the conflict in former Yugoslavia is often studied as a case of ethnic conflict, and the Serbian atrocities against Bosnians is usually described as "ethnic cleansing." But Serbs, Croatians, and Bosnians "are all South Slavs, sharing a common ethnic origin and speaking basically the same language: Serbocroatian" (Perlmutter). Serbs and Croatians share the same religion as well (with different denominations), while Bosnians, with the exception of their
Through policies of systematic discrimination and persecution of national minorities, Serb nationalists indirectly strengthened the radical wing of Albanian nationalist movements. The wing was represented by KSA (Kosovo Liberation Army). Most of the KSA leadership, Hedges writes, has formerly been imprisoned for separatist activities, and many were imprisoned by the Tito's communist government. The KSA's ideological base, Hedges writes, comes from a bizarre mixture of fascist and communist factions.
ethnic conflict in the light of various authors. It has 4 sources. Anthropological history may trace the dawn of civilizations as groups of ethnic people gradually growing in numbers and strength while taking over other weaker groups. The tendency to over take and eliminate social groups is thus not a new concept it has been around for sometime and can be said to be in evolutionary terms, the survival of
Ethnic Conflict in Southeast Asia: What Beginnings? Despite the insistence of some academics, usually ones with limited historical background, that ethnic conflicts are only a result of white, Western influences in all pockets of the world, there appear to be in all places and at all times ethnic conflicts of varying intensity, with the West in the rearguard of such conflicts and not in the vanguard. The case seems especially apparent
Some of the most productive areas in terms of copper are the Gimbi, Jawando and Mavo in Wase LGA. This region is accredited to be the richest region in terms of natural minerals and holds commercially viable mineral levels like the copper deposits, Gypsum, Hard Rock, limestone, calcite strantonite, and Galena (Sterlington Resources, 2014). These rich deposits have been another central cause of conflict and violence especially directed towards