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Oliver L. North").
Poindexter testified that he "deliberately withheld the information from President Reagan because 'I wanted the President to have some deniability so that he would be protected,'" ("United States v. John M. Poindexter").
According to the National Security Archives, Poindexter's testimony served as a diversionary "tactic developed mainly by Attorney General Edwin Meese."
North's "powerful, can-do persona, his enthusiastic commitment to both operations, and his ruthlessness to make them succeed" elevated him to celebrity villain status ("United States v. Oliver L. North").
It was later leaked that North "attracted drug traffickers looking for cover for their operations, then turned a blind eye to repeated reports of drug smuggling related to the contras, and actively worked with known drug smugglers such as Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega to assist the contras," ("The Oliver North File: His Diaries, E-Mail, and Memos on the Kerry Report, Contras and Drugs").
Bibliography
FAS. "Executive Summary." Available online http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/walsh/execsum.htm. Accessed 22 April, 2010.
National Security Archive. "The Iran-Contra Affair 20 Years on." 24 Nov 2006. Available online http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB210/index.htm. Accessed 22 April 2010.
"The Oliver North File: His Diaries, E-Mail, and Memos on the Kerry Report, Contras and Drugs." National Security Archive. 26 February 2004. Available online http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB113/index.htm. Accessed 22 April 2010.
"United States v. John M. Poindexter." Chapter 3. FAS. Available online http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/walsh/chap_03.htm. Accessed 22 April 2010.
"United States v. Oliver L. North." Chapter 2. FAS. Available online http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/walsh/chap_02.htm. Accessed 22 April 2010.
Walsh, Lawrence E. Firewall: The Iran-Contra Conspiracy and Cover-Up. New York: W.W. Norton, 1997.
Wolf, Julie. "The Iran-Contra Affair," the American Experience, PBS 2000. Available online http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reagan/peopleevents/pande08.html. Accessed 22 April, 2010.
Julie Wolf, "The Iran-Contra Affair," the American Experience, PBS 2000. Available online http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reagan/peopleevents/pande08.html. Accessed 22 April, 2010.
Julie Wolf, "The Iran-Contra Affair," the American Experience, PBS 2000. Available online http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reagan/peopleevents/pande08.html. Accessed 22 April, 2010.
Julie Wolf, "The Iran-Contra Affair," the...
Available online http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reagan/peopleevents/pande08.html. Accessed 22 April, 2010.
Lawrence E. Walsh. Firewall: The Iran-Contra Conspiracy and Cover-Up. (New York: W.W. Norton, 1997), xiv.
Lawrence E. Walsh. Firewall: The Iran-Contra Conspiracy and Cover-Up. (New York: W.W. Norton, 1997), xiv.
Julie Wolf, "The Iran-Contra Affair," the American Experience, PBS 2000. Available online http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reagan/peopleevents/pande08.html. Accessed 22 April, 2010.
Lawrence E. Walsh. Firewall: The Iran-Contra Conspiracy and Cover-Up. (New York: W.W. Norton, 1997), xv.
FAS. "Executive Summary." Available online http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/walsh/execsum.htm. Accessed 22 April, 2010.
Julie Wolf, "The Iran-Contra Affair," the American Experience, PBS 2000. Available online http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reagan/peopleevents/pande08.html. Accessed 22 April, 2010.
"United States v. Oliver L. North." Chapter 2. FAS. Available online http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/walsh/chap_02.htm. Accessed 22 April 2010.
"United States v. Oliver L. North." Chapter 2. FAS. Available online http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/walsh/chap_02.htm. Accessed 22 April 2010.
Julie Wolf, "The Iran-Contra Affair," the American Experience, PBS 2000. Available online http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reagan/peopleevents/pande08.html. Accessed 22 April, 2010.
"United States v. John M. Poindexter." Chapter 3. FAS. Available online http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/walsh/chap_03.htm. Accessed 22 April 2010.
Lawrence E. Walsh. Firewall: The Iran-Contra Conspiracy and Cover-Up. (New York: W.W. Norton, 1997)
"United States v. Oliver L. North." Chapter 2. FAS. Available online http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/walsh/chap_02.htm. Accessed 22 April 2010.
"United States v. John M. Poindexter." Chapter 3. FAS. Available online http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/walsh/chap_03.htm. Accessed 22 April 2010.
National Security Archive. "The Iran-Contra Affair 20 Years on." 24 Nov 2006. Available online http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB210/index.htm. Accessed 22 April 2010.
"United States v. Oliver L. North." Chapter 2. FAS. Available online http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/walsh/chap_02.htm. Accessed 22 April 2010.
"The Oliver North File: His Diaries, E-Mail, and Memos on the Kerry Report, Contras and Drugs." National Security Archive. 26 February 2004. Available online http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB113/index.htm. Accessed 22 April 2010.
National Security Archive. "The Iran-Contra Affair 20 Years on." 24 Nov 2006. Available online http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB210/index.htm. Accessed 22 April 2010.
"United States v. Oliver L. North." Chapter 2. FAS. Available online http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/walsh/chap_02.htm. Accessed 22 April 2010.
"The Oliver North File: His Diaries, E-Mail, and Memos on the Kerry Report, Contras and Drugs." National Security Archive. 26 February 2004. Available online http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB113/index.htm. Accessed 22 April 2010.
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