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¶ … meta-analysis on the literature related to nonpharamcological interventions for agitation in older adults with dementia. The authors intended to investigate which, if any, of the interventions used were the most effective.
Since the results of the effects of nonpharmacological interventions on decreasing agitation in dementia have varied, with some of these studies showing contradictory results, and since nursing staff need to know which particular intervention(s) to employ, a meta-analysis (which investigates and analyses the reliability of the various studies, comparing one against the other) is in order.
The procedures for this review were based on the eight steps suggested by Egger and Smith (2001). These are to: (1) formulate review question; (2) define inclusion and exclusion criteria; (3) locate studies; (4) select studies; (5) assess study quality; (6) extract data; (7) analyze and present results; and (8) interpret results.
Being that this is non-experimental study, no issues of control were used here. Rather, inclusion criteria was involved in order to define the studies that they felt pertinent to their research. Nonetheless, one of the inclusion criterion used included the fact that all accepted studies should employ a randomized controlled parallel or a randomized crossover study design. (Other inclusion criteria included the facts that they enrolled subjects with dementia; included...
These include taking into account possibility of disagreement (in this case all three reviewers discussed issue and arrived at a joint consensus); contacting original authors by e-mail if disagreement persisted; how to assess methodological quality (it was assessed by two reviewers according to allocation concealment (which used the Cochrane criteria as base), and according to withdrawals and dropouts); issues of inconsistent and missing data; potential sources of heterogeneity (both clinical and statically) across the data; and all aspects of data extraction and analysis.
The design used certainly does flow from the proposed question. The authors intended to assess, compare and discover the most effective intentions that could be used to control for agitation in patients with dementia. To that end, they carefully formulated their inclusion and exclusion criteria; carefully formulated their review question; conducted a thorough literature review; used specific methods to locate their studies; used special methods (scientifically and carefully conducted) to select their studies; assessed the quality of these studies using…
For Faulkner, meaning and the reality of each person is "mutable." In this regard, the novel deals with the themes of identity and existence and the intentions and motivations behind each individual's reasons for undertaking the journey to bury Addie from many different points-of-view. The images of death and dying tend to add to this search for meaning and identity; for example, Addie's slowly decaying corpse. The death of the
William Faulkner's As I Lay Dying The classic 1930 Novel by William Faulkner, “As I Lay Dying” is a demonstration of the evolution of modernist literature that incorporates an in-depth psychological aspect. The psychoanalytic novel displays the intricacy of the human psyche by attempting to unravel what lays in human minds. The novel presents an emotionally, psychologically and physically distressing journey of a family characteristic by selfishness as they embark. The
Dying William Faulkner's novel As I Lay Dying tells the story of a family living in Yoknapatawpha County, Mississippi. The matriarch of this family, Addie Bundren, is approaching death and her family prepares for this event through various means based upon the personality of that character and the particulars of their relationship with this family member. Upon her death, Addie asks her son to allow her to be buried in
Dying is a unique novel in that there is no discernable protagonist. In lieu of the protagonist is a corpse, Addie, who is dead for most of the book. The novel is written in the first person, from the perspective of Addie and her family, although the perspective shifts for most of the chapters between Addie's self-interested family members with Addie herself only contributing one chapter. Addie's dying wish
In the opening paragraph, his detailed physical description of Jewel and him walking on the path exhibits what we soon see is a strong faith that language makes memory, perception, and action real. (Lockyer 74) She also notes that Darl is the character who speaks the most in the novel, thus showing his adherence to the value of language in his actions as well as his words. In doing so,
1). For Lester, the novel is a novel of migration and the ambiguous benefits of Southern culture and traditions: when Addie demands that her family lay her body "to rest forty miles away, in Jefferson, where her relatives are buried" her "request places a burden on her family, who subsist on limited means as small farmers and occasional wage laborers in rural Northern Mississippi in the late 1920s" (Lester 2005,