The question is raised as to which values to select over others. The combination of references to substitution also serves to make the point that making choices and choosing one thing over another is unavoidable.
This unavoidable nature relates to the fact that substitution is part of society. We also see where substitution is of benefit to a person. Elbow is one example, he owes his job to substitution, as he says "as they are chosen, they are glad to choose me for them." (II.i) This leads to one of the themes of the play, corruption, a theme that touches on substitution.

In fact there are many themes of the play that relate to substitution. Some of the themes are a choice between two things, where one must be substituted by the other. Action vs. words is one example. This theme is especially important as it also relates to the nature…...

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Bibliography

Brown, Donohue, Axnick, Blount, Ewen, Jones. Syphilis and Other Venereal Diseases. Harvard University Press. Cambridge Massachusetts, 1970.

Rosebury, Theodor. Microbes and Morals. The Viking Press. New York, 1971.

Shakespeare's Measure For Measure
illiam Shakespeare's play, Measure for Measure is considered a problem play because it operates on several levels. Shakespeare explores complex matters of ethics in this play through complicated situations and characters. The complexities of the human psyche are explored in this play, with a focus on the emotions of love, shame, and honor. Shakespeare brings these sensitive issues to the surface with the characters and curious behavior of Isabella, Angelo, and the Duke. This paper will examine how the play is problematic when considering its generic conventions.

Isabella becomes a pivotal character in the play because as we become concerned with what she should do, we realize the problems her choice means to her. Part of the difficulty associated with Measure for Measure is that the answer to this question is not clear. hat we discover about Isabella is something peculiar about her chastity. In short, her actions…...

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Works Cited

Shakespeare, William. Measure for Measure. The Illustrated Stratford Shakespeare. London: Chancellor Press. 1982.

intervene on behalf of her brother Claudio, Isabella is fully entrenched in the convent and the sets of norms and values it represents. She finds its rules and regulations comforting, and even finds herself "wishing for a more strict restraint," rather than for additional freedom (Act I, scene iv, line 352). It is as if the Mothers in the convent are substitutes for Isabella's mother, whose absence in the play signals the sort of distance that might prompt the daughter's transference of maternal power to the surrogate. The fact that Claudio is Isabella's brother is therefore meaningful on several levels. One, Isabella perceives Claudio's transgression as a sin as well as a legal transgression. Her rigid moral beliefs constrain her view of her brother and end up mirroring both her True Self and False Self in the process. Second, Claudio's sexual transgression allows the emergence of Isabella's Oedipal/Electral desires.…...

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References

Shakespeare, W. (1623). Measure for Measure [Play]. Online version available:  http://www.opensourceshakespeare.org/views/plays/play_view.php?WorkID=measure&Scope=entire&pleasewait=1&msg=pl 

Winnicott, D.W. (1960). Ego distortion in terms of true and false self.

Winnicott, D.W. (1992). Psycho-Analytic Explorations. Harvard University Press.

Measure
You Get What You Measure

The phrase "you get what you pay for" is pretty easy to understand, but "you get what you measure" is a little more difficult -- measuring doesn't actually procure or "get" anything other than a measurement, and of course you get the measurement that you take -- that's self-evident, right? In the business world, though, people often seem to think that they can get whatever results they want simply by suiting the measurement to suit their own purposes, even if this doesn't really measure what they imagine it to. Measurements of the security of an investment, for example, are useless if they don't actually measure the likelihood of the investment failing or growing. Measures of market size are irrelevant if the market measured isn't specific to the product or service being marketed, price comparisons are invalid if substantial product differences exist, etc. The willingness to delude…...

Measure
Target

Action

Maintain Starbucks "Ethos"

It is difficult to directly measure consumer sentiment. However, dissatisfied customers provided needed feedback as to problems in the overall objective.

Consumers, Vendors

Take drastic action to address consumers' issues in a timely manner. This may include free samples or refunds but should be as comprehensive as possible to address a wide range of complaints

Ethical Treatment of Internal Employees

Starbucks can gauge its treatment of its employees from industry standards and other similar measures.

Employees

Starbucks should be one of the best companies to work for in their industry at all times and must make sure there compensation packages meet or exceed employee expectations.

Maintain and promote a high level of corporate social responsibility.

Starbucks must not only source its raw materials (mostly coffee) in a sustainable manner, but it should also be proactive in finding new solutions to responsible coffee development in…...

measure situations of reality (Piquero, 2002). A dependent variable and an independent variable are studied for patterns of relation, covariance, and cause and effect. For example, the relationship between impulsivity, the independent variable, and criminal behavior, the dependent variable, or the effects of a mandatory arrest policy, the independent variable, on future patterns of domestic violence, the dependent variable, are both examples of quantitative research. For causality, three criteria are needed. In association, the variables must be related to each other. The independent variable must precede the dependent variable in time order. And the issue of no spuriousness, which occurs if there is no third variable observed.
Surveys are mostly used for observation within the social sciences, such as behaviors or the general public has feeling about certain issues. Experimental and quasi-experimental research is best to study the cause and effect situations. True experiments must have three features: two comparison…...

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Bibliography

Miller, J. (n.d.). The Status of Qualitative Research in Criminology. Retrieved from Harvard University: http://www.wjh.harvard.edu/nsfqual/Miller%20Paper.pdf

Piquero, A.R. (2002). Criminology and Criminal Justice Research: Methods. Retrieved from Encyclopedia of Crime and Justice:  http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3403000080.html 

Quantitative methods in criminology. (n.d.). Retrieved from Reference.com:  http://www.reference.com/browse/Quantitative_methods_in_criminology 

Rot, A. (2008, Oct 24). IT Risk Assessment: Quantitative and Qualitative Approach. Retrieved from World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science:  http://iaeng.org/publication/WCECS2008/WCECS2008_pp1073-1078.pdf

Measure Value Vice Versa." - Joseph Stiglitz. Having started module question:" What purpose business? "You finish assignment links question individual level. IMPOTANT*** PLEASE ONLY USE THE EADINGS / TEXT / MATEIAL FOM THE ATTACHED FILE COUSE EADINGS AND TEXT.
The Importance of Values on Decision Making

The following pages focus on providing an analysis of the application of ethical in several types of activity. The Introduction presents the points-of-view used in this paper. The following section focuses on using several models in answering the questions addressed by the Christensen article. The Ethical Decision Making Guide section is intended to discuss the ethical guide that I find useful in my situation. The Ethical Guide Application section provides some examples of different situations where this ethical guide was successfully applied. The Key Concepts section discusses some of the concepts that I became aware of during this course. The Conclusions section presents some of…...

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Reference list:

1. Consequentialism (2011). Stanford University. Retrieved August 24, 2011 from  http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/consequentialism/ .

2. Christensen, C. (2010). How Will You Measure your Life? Harvard Business Review. Retrieved August 28, 2012.

3. Trevino, L. et al. (2004). Managing to Be Ethical: Debunking Five Business Ethics Myths. Academy of Management. Retrieved August 28, 2012.

4. Porter, M. & Kramer, M. (2011). Creating Shared Value. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved August 28, 2012.

What are the attributes of a successful online instructor?

As in the case of the criteria for success in online instructors, the personal and professional attributes of good teachers are also substantially consistent as between the online and traditional teaching environments. Specifically, the most successful teachers tend to be those who are the most passionate about their profession, the achievements of their students, and of their subject matter. Successful teachers make the necessary effort to ensure that their course work is interesting to students. This can be more challenging online, simply because teachers do not have the benefit of as much data, such as in the form of real-time student responses that they can observe. Similarly, the ability and willingness to make themselves as accessible as possible to students is crucial to success as any kind of teacher.

Successful online teachers must be able to motivate and encourage their students through different…...

Measure of associations Exercise 3.7
1. Rate ratio comparing current smokers with nonsmokers
Rate ration = rate of current smokers/rate of nonsmokers
(Rate of current smokers = rate of smokers per 1000 persons-years = 1.3)
(Rate of nonsmokers = rate of nonsmokers per 1000 persons-years = 0.07)
Rate ration = 1.3/0.07
=18.57
2. Rate ratio comparing ex-smokers who quit at least 20 years ago with nonsmokers
Rate ration = rate of ex-smokers quitting at 20 years/rate of nonsmokers
(Rate of ex-smokers quitting at 20 years = rate per 1000 persons-years = 0.19)
(Rate of nonsmokers = rate per 1000 persons-years = 0.07)
Rate ration = 0.19/0.07
= 2.71
3. What are the public health implications of these findings?
Based on the calculation above, it is evident that the rate of lung cancer incidences among smokers is way too high, 18 times, as compared to nonsmokers. This leads to the conclusion that, smoking is a factor contributing to the risk of lung cancer. This conclusion is…...

metrics to measure the effectiveness of IS and IT values within an organization. The paper provides the differences between Effectiveness IT metrics and Efficiency IT metrics. The financial indicators and technical indicators are used to measure the IT values within IT department. The paper also draws the examples of conceptual model and IS success model in assessing the IS value in the IT department. The traditional financial ratio such as eturn on Equity (OE), and economic value which include level of productivity, increase in profitability and improvement in data accuracy have also been used to measure IT value.
In a contemporary business environment, Information Technology (IT) has become a powerful tool that business employs to achieve competitive advantages. IT improves time-to-market, enhance product quality, and decision support system. While firms incur substantial costs on IT to enhance business performances, measurement of IT investment is essential to examine the extent the…...

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References

Bardhan, I. Krishnan, V. & Lin, S. (2004). A Model to Measure the Business Value of Information Technology: The Case of Project and Information Work. INFORMS and DSI conferences, and seminar.

Chung, S.H. & Rainer, R.K. & Lewis, B.R. (2006).The Impact of Information Technology Infrastructure Flexibility on Strategic Alignment and Applications Implementation. College of Business Eastern Michigan University.

DeLone, W.H. & McLean, E.R. (2003). The DeLone and McLean Model of Information Systems Success: A Ten-Year Update. Journal of Management Information Systems. 19(4): 9 -- 30.

Malec, B.T. (2009).Measuring the Economic Value of IT Investments:

VIX is a measure of the market's expectations for 30-day volatility, usually of a broad index like the S&P 500. The VIX is calculated using the prices of a variety of options on the index. The implied volatility of these options is used, and the VIX is sometimes referred to as a fear gauge and a measure of overall market risk (Investopedia, 2012).
There are two versions of the VIX. The first is for the S&P 500 and the second is for the S&P 100. The former is considered to be more representative of the broad market than the latter (Bail, no date). Options are priced, of course, with a mix of risk premium and time value. For market index options, that risk is assumed to simply be market risk. Therefore, options on that will contain a time value and a market risk premium. It is the latter that is…...

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Works Cited:

Bail, M. (no date). Measuring stock market volatility. The Daily Reckoning. Retrieved March 12, 2012 from  http://dailyreckoning.com/measuring-stock-market-volatility/ 

Investopedia. (2012). Definition of VIX. Investopedia. Retrieved March 12, 2012 from  http://www.investopedia.com/terms/v/vix.asp

Construction for Apple
Apple

Measure

Target

Action

Financial

Increased profitability

Greater dominance

Increase earnings per share / revenues.

Improve dominance inside the marketplace.

Enhance market value.

Sell more units in contrast with competitors.

25% annual growth.

Increase market share to 30%.

Increase profit margins and decrease operating costs.

Promote different products as higher quality

More customers

Greater satisfaction

Enhance customer satisfaction.

each out to a larger demographic of cliental.

Offer more products that are in demand.

Have better quality merchandise with great customer support.

Sell 60 million units per quarter.

Improve customer satisfaction with products.

Increase marketing efforts.

Have enhanced quality control, testing and responsiveness.

Internal

educe bureaucracy

Increased oversight.

educe bureaucracy.

Listen to new ideas from employees and managers.

Establish reviews that will monitor for changes in attitudes and ideas.

Focus on streaming videos and next generation technology.

Learning

Effective management structure

Improve shareholder value.

Make the company more flexible.

Increase transparency and innovation.

educe waste and bureaucracy.

1-year 20% growth.

2-year 25% growth.

3-year 30% growth.

More effective management controls.

Increase responsiveness to customer demands.

("Global I Phone Sales," 2013) (Sebastian, 2012) (Thompson, 2012)

The balance scorecard is effective in helping Apple…...

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References

Global I Phone Sales. (2012). Statista. Retrieved from:  http://www.statista.com/statistics/12743/worldwide-apple-iPhone-sales-since-3rd-quarter-2007/ 

Sebastian, A. (2012). Apple's Market Value. Extreme Research. Retrieved from: http://www.extremetech.com/computing/137707-apples-market-value-drops-60-billion-following-iPhone-5-scuff-quality-control-issues

Thompson, N. (2012). Does Apple have Bruise. New Yorker. Retrieved from:  http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/comment/2012/10/apple-after-steve-jobs.html

Education
ecently, Harvard professors ceased giving final exams as part of their overall assessment of student performance (Strauss, 2010). In a radical transformation of official college policy, the Faculty of Arts and Sciences voted to eliminate exams and require professors who wish to administer them to file an application form. The reverse used to be true: exams were the norm and professors wishing to opt-out would have to ask for permission.

What has caused this startling turn of events? Evidence, for one. In Test Problems: Seven easons Why Standardized Tests Are Not Working, Sadker & Zittleman (n.d.) outline empirical evidence supporting a shift away from examinations as the primary measure of student success. Examinations do measure a certain type of achievement, but they should not be used as the only method of gauging student progress and performance. One of the core reasons cited by Sadker & Zittleman (n.d.) include student stress.

Examinations are…...

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References

"How Should We Measure Student Learning? The Many Forms of Assessment," (n.d.). Edutopia. Retrieved online:  http://www.edutopia.org/comprehensive-assessment-introduction 

Sadker, D. & Zittleman, K. (n.d.). Test Problems: Seven Reasons Why Standardized Tests Are Not Working " Excerpt from: Teachers, Schools, and Society: A Brief Introduction to Education p. 370-376."

Strauss, V. (2010). Harvard profs dropping final exams. The Washington Post. July 17, 2010. Retrieved online:  http://voices.washingtonpost.com/answer-sheet/learning/harvard-profs-giving-up-final.html

These low scores represent persons whose handling skills for fragile material are weak and are a potential risk to the company. In group B, the handling skills of the group members are very similar.
Group B. also had the lower standard deviation 12.43 as compared to 22.71. The standard deviation is a measure of the difference in skill between the group, the larger the standard deviation, then the greater the quantum of difference between the scores. Since you must employ the entire group, it is an imperative that the chosen group has the smallest differences in their skill level. If the differences in skill level are too great, what may occur is that you have persons who are highly skilled doing a great job, but persons of poor skill doing a terrible job undermine this.

These measures provide an adequate tool for a statistical assessment of the two groups of individuals.…...

tests are regularly used nowadays to measure intelligence Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon invented in 1905 what has come to be acknowledged as the first scale. This initial test was aimed at ?identifying children who were mildly or perhaps more seriously retarded? (Mackintosh, 2011, p. 5) by evaluating their performance and delegating specific task sets so as any average child pertaining to a given age group could solve approximately 50% of the test. Thus, based on the number of tasks that a child could solve, the scale ?would classify children's levels of mental functioning. (Urbina, 2011, p. 23). For example, if a six years old was able to solve 50% of the test that had been delegated to this particular age group, his mental age was set at six years old. f he was able to solve above the average expectation, then he would have been attributed a superior…...

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It is acknowledged unanimously that tests would be ?designed so that the mean score is 100 points, and the standard deviation is 15 points. (Shalizi, 2009, para. 2) Older versions of Binet's scale are subject to a standard deviation of 16 (Kaplan & Saccuzzo, 2013, p. 301). Thus, it is considered that individuals falling under the average value display or are subject to intellectual deficit while those above are intellectually superior. The mean score which is subject to intelligence testing is known as the deviation IQ and was introduced in the 1960 revised version of the Stanford-Binet Scale as ?simply a standard score? ((Kaplan & Saccuzzo, 2013, p. 294) ?ascertained by evaluating the standard deviation of mental age for a representative sample at each age level. (Kaplan & Saccuzzo, 2013, p. 294)

III. Verbal vs. Performance Properties of the Modern Binet and Wechsler Scales

We stated earlier that there are various tests which measure intelligence and we have already spoken of Binet's contributions in this respect. However, there is another name which is often related to significant and effective scales of intelligence testing. David Wechsler proposed his first scale in 1939 for adults and ten years later, for children. It has even been argued that Wechsler developed subtests prior to the Binet-Simon scale (Boake, 2002, p. 383). Wechsler's first scale was designed in 1939 for adults and revised for publishing in 1955, being subject to subsequent revisions (Crawford

1. Consistent and transparent sentencing guidelines: Establish clear and consistent guidelines for judges to follow in determining appropriate punishments for crimes. This helps ensure that similar crimes receive similar punishments, promoting fairness and consistency in the justice system.

2. Consideration of mitigating factors: Take into account any mitigating factors, such as a defendant's remorse, cooperation with authorities, or lack of criminal history, when determining a sentence. This helps ensure that punishments are tailored to the individual circumstances of each case.

3. Individualized sentencing: Consider the individual circumstances of the defendant and the crime committed when determining a sentence. This includes considering factors....

## Striking a Balance between Fairness and Justice in Punishment

The balancing act between fairness and justice in meting out punishment for crimes is a complex and enduring challenge in the realm of criminal justice. Striking an appropriate equilibrium between these principles is crucial to ensure a system that is both humane and effective in deterring crime, protecting society, and rehabilitating offenders.

Understanding Fairness and Justice

Fairness refers to the equitable treatment of individuals under the law, ensuring that punishments are proportionate to the severity of the offense and relevant factors such as intent, prior record, and mitigating circumstances. Justice, on the other....

The Elizabethan themes reflected the social and political climate of the time in several ways:

1. Patriotism and national identity: The rise of English nationalism during Elizabeth's reign is reflected in themes of patriotism and national pride in literature and drama. For example, plays like Shakespeare's Henry V and Marlowe's Tamburlaine celebrate English military victories and glorify the nation's power and prestige.

2. Monarchy and divine right: The Elizabethan era was marked by a strong belief in the divine right of kings, and this is reflected in plays like Shakespeare's Richard II and Macbeth, which explore the consequences of usurping the throne....