227), and as such, the values of nursing practices were degrading. Nowadays we can pride on a much appreciative recognition of nursing theory with "models" being implemented regularly and indeed I can think of the Magis model of care carried out in Chicago in the first decade of the 2000's. This initiative was possible because of "several nursing theories along with information from the Institute of Family Centered Care" (Jasovsky et al., 2010, "Abstract") and led to such results as the change of nursing practice habits that, although proved sometimes uncomfortable for nurses, it meant proficient practicality (Jasovsky et al., 2010, p. 32); the results were deemed even more satisfactory when related to patients feedback, 90% of these having willed to further recommend the services of the hospital (Jasovsky et al., 2010, p. 35-36). Moreover, Cody believed that nurses found it difficult to adopt or even try to understand nursing theory due to the duplicated effort the latter assumed. All of a sudden, it was not just about executing technically, but a second -- intellectual effort was required from nurses (Cody, 2003, p. 228). Indeed, we must think of the fact that, in this line of work, many are inclined to act automatically and practical, finding it difficult to theorize on "doing tasks." That even academics were unable to understand nursing theory and the fact that some of his own colleagues lacked the resources to defend claims of "non-sense" and "garbage," disappointed Cody even more so because it proved nursing theory had still obstacles to face.

Cody (2003) advocated for how nursing theory "can be shown to enhance health and quality of life" (p. 230), but that it requires, and I do agree with him here, certified assistance and a persevering study of interpreting tasks in correlation with nursing theory.

Conclusion

In his article, Cody sought to respond to Dr. Fawcett's questions regarding nursing theory by stating that his early experience as a nurse had proved him that theory is what guides practice and it does definitely not derive from it. However,...

To make such a statement, in my opinion, one is required to have an in depth knowledge and a vast experience of the matter and, in this respect, I cannot compete with Dr. Cody. I can however sympathize with his version on why nursing theory had been much disregarded in the last decades of the XXth century and that a lot of that had to do with the misrepresentation of theorized practices.
Appendix

I. Introduction

A. Cody's article addresses the context of nursing theory in the last decades of the XXth century up to the year 2003, touching on several issues.

B. Cody firmly believes that theory guides practice.

II. Main issues addressed in Cody's article are related to:

A. Past career experience and "theory guiding practice," that is to say that the author looks back on his practices and realizes that:

1. Repetitive techniques are not what produce theories.

2. However, if one rethinks nursing theory systematically it can connect usual practices with incipient theories of nursing.

B. Implementing nursing theory: although proved inefficient in the past, hospitals do pay particular attention to "models" of care nowadays.

C. How theorized practices have been neglected on premises of "non-sense" destabilized the development of nursing theory.

D. Nursing theory is beneficial for an effective system.

III. Conclusion

Reference List

Cody, William K. (2003). Nursing Theory as a Guide to Practice. Nursing Science Quaterly, 16(3), 225-231. Retrieved from http://nsq.sagepub.com

Jasovsky, D.A., Morrow, M.R., Clementi, P.S., & Hindle P.A. (2010). Theories in Action and How Nursing Practice Changed. Nursing Science Quaterly, 23(I), 29-38. Retrieved from http://nsq.sagepub.com/content/23/1/29

Moore, Sharon (1990). Thoughts on the discipline of nursing as we approach the year 2000. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 15, 825-828. Retrieved from