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Pathophysiology
Cardiovascular Interventions
Cardiovascular disease is especially dangerous and one of the only effective measures to handle it is prevention. This ultimately makes interventions so crucial, especially with patients with a history of cardiovascular disease and those still showing signs of cardiovascular health. For the case in question, it is crucial to establish with the patient a need to start interventions so that he can avoid further cardiovascular problems. The patient witnessed an abnormal treadmill test, which ultimately signifies issues with the cardiovascular system that may endanger the patient's health.
First, there are interventions that deal with lifestyle changes. These are the least invasive because they do not entail the introduction of medicines or the need for surgery. Rather, they aim to intervene with unhealthy lifestyle choices within the life of the patient. Changes in lifestyle include diets, exercise routines, and other changes that promote better cardiovascular health (Lauer, 2008). Physical activity and healthy dietary choices can be powerful intervention tools (Artinian et al., 2010). These are often the easiest interventions, as they require less invasive techniques and are based more so on the will power of the patient....
Lifestyle changes are a crucial intervention strategy that is often used alongside other interventions as well. Still, when lifestyle changes are not enough to promote stronger cardiovascular health, other alternatives are needed.
The next step is to introduce medicines in order to avoid further damage and try to prevent heart attack or other serious coronary issues from occurring. One of the most commonly used interventions here is the use of ?-blockers (Aijaz et al., 2008). These are beta blockers, which target beta receptors in heart muscle cells and other vulnerable areas. They are a crucial part of the stress response and thus can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease because they are stimulated by adrenaline. By blocking this response, stress hormones are reduced and the burden on the heart is lightened. This is a great first step in the intervention process because it is less invasive and the research shows high rats of success if treatment is followed correctly by the patient in question. There are a number of other drug therapies that may prove beneficial in regards to an intervention strategy. For example, there…
References
Aijaz, Bilal, Babuin, Luciano, Squires, Ray, & Kopecky, Stephen. (2008). Long-term mortality with multiple treadmill exercise test abnormalities: Comparison between patients with and without cardiovascular disease. American Heart Journal. Web. http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/581591_4
Artinian, Nancy T., Fletcher, Gerald F., Mozaffarian, Dariush, Kris-Etherton, Penny, & Van Horn, Linda. (2010). Interventions to promote physical activity and dietary lifestyle changes for cardiovascular risk factor reduction in adults. Circulation, 122(2010), 406-441.
Dunn, Steven P., Holmes, David., & Moliterno, David J. (2012). Drug-drug interactions in cardiovascular catheterizations and interventions. Journal of American College of Cardiovascular Interventions, 5(12), 1195-1208.
Lauer, Michael S. (2008). The exercise treadmill test: Estimating cardiovascular prognosis. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, 75(6), 424-430.
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