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Copernican revolution has a pivotal role in the establishment of the modern sciences. We are very much familiar with the fact that the human mind had always been fascinated greatly by the changes taking place around him almost constantly. Human observation and sense of argument and ability to be logical has made him the most intelligent and consequently most powerful species on the planet.
It is very comfortable to believe that Earth is located at the centre of the universe and other planets rotate around it because Earth itself does not seem or feel to be moving and there are only sun, moon and other planets appearing and disappearing at their exact timings. It is quite logical and unless and until something really revolutionary come forward to refute this believe, it looks quite reasonable to carry on believing the same idea (Kuhn, pp 187).
Nicholas Copernicus
The most significant change did happen at the reverse of this very well kept thought when Copernicus tried to alter the model proposed by Ptolemy, which had earth in the center. To prove his point he had to come up with some credible model that could potentially break the one strongly established before, which he unluckily failed to do. His proposal lacked reliability so was excessively ridiculed by his contemporaries.
Galileo
A noticeable transformation in the domain of science occurred when Galileo came forward with properly defined answers to the idea of putting sun in the center and proposing the continuous motion of earth around it. As known by many, a moving object comes to a stop eventually after moving for some time which is due to friction. To keep a moving object carry on its motion, a constant pushing force has to be applied on it. This idea was sounded as reasonable to the philosophers of that time as the idea of moving sun and moon. This proposed outline was plausible. He further added that with this having in mind, in the absence of friction, the object will carry on its regular...
Though he did not have any model to put forward and elucidate his point additionally, Galileo did manage to force many heads to crack the final answer.
Abandoning Ptolemy's paradigm
Later on, scientists pondered over the credibility of the model presented by Ptolemy. They established that it might not be of any additional help in search of finding the correct moving and stationary heavenly bodies.
It was Kepler who started thinking of using a model other than Ptolemaic paradigm to deal with the aforesaid issue. He came up with the idea of elliptical orbits instead of circular ones. After too much struggle, he finally came up with a mathematical explanation of the proposed idea of moving earth which is now acknowledged as the law of equal areas (L'Abate pp 5-8).
Science itself mainly deals with the true reality of every single phenomena of the universe. It is quite possible that believes powerfully held at one time alter altogether at the introduction of another new discovery of the fact hidden from scientists and philosophers earlier.
Science and Religion
At the time of Galileo presenting the idea of heliocentric model of the universe, the Church came out to be the worse rival of the proposed idea. Biblical records were based on Aristotle's views and challenging them was challenging the word of God. Galileo had to die for his bluntness but Church also had to correct its records later on when it was no more possible to keep the truth from general public. This gave the Church a valuable lesson not to holding steadfastly to a certain piece of Scripture or a scientific model, which can possibly contain an error.
Science is in direct clash with religion which is based at large on ideas and dogmas appearing less credible to human mind but still religion has deep roots in human life due to the groundings that it covers for a number of phenomena still to be uncovered by science. These two fields have never…
References
Brooke, John Hedley. Science and Religion: Some Historical Perspectives. Cambridge University Press, 1991 pp 8-12.
Cesarani, David. Arthur Koestler: the homeless mind. Free Press, 1999 pp 142.
Kuhn, Thomas S. The Copernican revolution: planetary astronomy in the development of Western thought. USA: Harvard University Press, 1957 pp 187.
L'Abate, Luciano. Paradigms in Theory Construction. Springer, 2011 pp 5-8.
Of course there exist different concepts of anti-modernism, which state that scientific revolution and modernism lead the society to the moral and spiritual decline. But their appeal to refuse from the achievements of scientific progress sounds absurd or as a regressive religious appeal of fundamentalists, who want to contradict natural matter of facts, set by the dynamic laws of nature. Making a conclusion it's important to say that scientific revolution
The universe viewed through a telescope looked different, and this difference in itself played into the Protestant argument that received truths may be fallible. In fact, the notion of truth outside empirical evidence became unsteady: For most thinkers in the decades following Galileo's observations with the telescope, the concern was not so much for the need of a new system of physics as it was for a new system of
Scientific Revolution of 1600-1715 -- When humanity shook its free from the grips of the fallacy that 'Man is the center of the solar system,' it gained the confidence to raise the human scientific intellect to the center of the political, religious, and mathematical world. According to Roy T. Matthews and F. DeWitt Platt, the scientific revolution of 1600-1715 was a paradoxical one. (Matthews & DeWitt, 2004) Before, according to Aristotle
How did Galileo respond to the edict? What did he do to protect himself? The original 1616 edict was not taken entirely seriously: "The Sun-Centered universe still remained an unproven idea -- without, [Pope] Urban believed, any proof in its future" (Sobel 138). However, Galileo still undertook steps to protect himself, defending his writings as a way: "to show Protestants to the north…that Catholics understood more about astronomy" (Sobel 140).
On orders of Pope Paul V, Galileo is ordered not to hold or defend the Copernican theory. Later, in 1624, Galileo was allowed to write about the Copernican theory provided that he treated it as a mathematical hypothesis. When Galileo published Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems in1630, comparing the Ptolemaic and Copernican models, the Church stopped its distribution and condemned Galileo to house arrest for the rest
In this way, scientific investigations that attempt to explain such things as the movement of the planets and the stars are truly a service to religions; they attempt to provide a clearer understanding of God's wonder through his Creation. With the study of the heavens, in particular, Galileo asserts that he is attempting to learn more about what Bible refers to as the place of man's salvation, and what