Ocial Work Practice With Individuals: Engagement Strategies First I need to get past Mr. Fahza's son in order to get to his father. I need the former's agreement because I need a smooth start. His son agreement would encourage a discussion under the right auspices.

According to The Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) of 1990, Mr. Fahza has the right to be informed about his own clinical condition in order to take a decision about continuing with chemotherapy or going to the hospice and die peacefully. This is the strict approach of the western hemisphere.

The religion of Islam believes in death and resurrection of the body and soul, like Christianity. Islam also teaches about how to prepare for death, when aware that death is imminent. Statistics show that a vast majority of the American male population would want to know about the eventuality of dying because of a fatal illness in its final stage. As a male Shi'a Muslim, in his late eighties, Mr. Fahza is very likely to feel relieved and even grateful for having been told he could go home and prepare for his end because there is nothing medicine can do for changing this end.

Chemotherapy is a long, strenuous and very painful treatment, an 87-year-old, in his last stage of cancer, is more likely to be willing to give it up, once he was told his cancer was in his final stage.

One must keep in mind that informing a patient about his condition is completely different than euthanasia, for example. The preliminary discussion with the son should set the record straight in this regard. The social worker will not bring the word into discussion, but she will help the son gradually come to this conclusion on his own terms.

As literature indicates, it is very important that the social workers is aware of the meaning of death for a Shi'a Muslim, originally from Iran, about the attitudes toward death in his community. The patient's origins and his American experience are also important. Furthermore, the patient's son is by his father's bedside, which means there is an additional emotional charge to the whole situation that I need to handle...

Statistics can help only up to a point. The information firsthand is more important than statistics in that it helps the social worker form an accurate image of a certain individual in a special circumstance. As individuals, patients have a background. It would be of great help for the social worker to know beforehand (maybe she could find the information from the son) or find it out from Mr. Fahza himself, for how long has the patient been living in the U.S. She knows the patient does not speak English, so she is aware that acculturation could have produced only to a very limited level. The social worker also needs to find out about the patient's level of education, his occupation, about his living style and the rest of his family.
After having gathered all the necessary information in order to tackle a matter of life and death, the social worker must pay attention not to stereotype and fall into miscommunication. Questions related to assistance from the part of the care provider in view of his imminent death are important in order to further build the patient's trust that the social worker is on the right track.

Answers to questions about decision-making style in Mr. Fahza's family are also relevant in this case. Information about how his family functions and other important persons in his life would also help the case.

In order to find out a good deal of this information, the social worker needs to have inspired trust and acceptance of her work. The patient needs to trust her first as a person, then have trust in her competence as a social worker. At first sight, there could be only minor commonalities between her patient and herself. Inviting him to talk about anything and encouraging him to stop or change the subject when he no longer feels like discussion a subject will help the social worker in establishing a good rapport with the Mr. Fahza. Mr. Fahza is just about to find out that he is going to die soon, but he will also know that he will be in control of…