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Decision Making
Mind Map Concept Decision Making
Decision making is a process of identifying and choosing the best option among all the available alternatives in a given situation. The purpose of making decision in a particular context is to select an option that can bring the most desirable outcomes for the decision maker or for the people or groups that have a stake in those outcomes (Hardman, 2009). A decision can be as easy as accepting or declining a simple proposal and as complex as planning a strategic investment in a business. Decision making is a cognitive process in which the decision maker has to actively respond to the external environment and evaluate all the alternative choices in order to make an effective decision (Bernstein, 2011).
There are six major concepts that are generally associated with all types of decision making phenomena or processes. These concepts are:
Preliminary Information
Available Alternatives
Decision Criteria
4. Decision Goals
5. Decision Effectiveness
6. Time Constraints
These concepts of decision making are now discussed below in detail:
1. Preliminary Information:
The first concept, which is also...
Before making a decision, an individual should have complete information on the background of the problem for which he has to find the solution or set a roadmap for future action. Excessive information is also not good for making an effective decision as it can take more time and resources to extract the relevant facts for the decision (Maldonato, 2010).
2. Available Alternatives:
Decision is made when there are more than one alternative available in a particular situation. Some alternatives are already known to the decision maker from the preliminary information while another set of alternatives is developed by him in the course of decision making. To make an effective decision, the decision maker should not solely rely on the already known alternatives; rather, he must re-think the whole situation to develop alternatives on his own. It will help him to ensure that he has not left any alternative un-judged (Bernstein, 2011).
3. Decision Criteria:
A decision maker has to analyze all the available alternatives in order to choose the best among them. The best alternative is the one which…
References
Bernstein, D.A. (2011). Essentials of Psychology, 5th edition. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning
Hardman, D. (2009). Judgment and Decision Making, 1st edition. Malden: Wiley-Blackwell
Maldonato, M. (2010). Decision Making: Towards an Evolutionary Psychology of Rationality, 1st edition. Brighton: Sussex Academic Press
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