Discrimination in Employment
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 specifically prohibits discrimination in the workplace based upon a candidate's "race, color, religion, sex, or national origin" (Title VII, 1964). The act also makes it illegal to refuse to hire employees based upon membership in these specific, protected categories (Title VII, 1964). It is also illegal to refuse to promote individuals based upon membership in such categories (Title VII, 1964). The Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 provides further protections for women by making it illegal to discriminate against an employee due to pregnancy or the potential to become pregnant (PDA, 1978). The Equal Pay Act of 1963 makes it illegal to pay men and women different wages for the same types of categories of work solely on the basis of gender (EPA, 1963).
Further protections for specific groups include the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, which prevents discrimination against workers age 40 or over (ADEA, 1967). The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 attempted to end employment-related discrimination "against qualified individuals with disabilities" and demanded that employers make "reasonable accommodations" for such individuals (ADA, 1990). Disabilities include conditions such as physical limits upon mobility;...
It should be noted that with all of these legislative acts, the question of reasonable accommodation is a critical component of the law. For example, it is required that an employer make reasonable accommodation for a Jewish employee wishing to obey the Sabbath, but some employers whose income is dependent upon all employees working Friday nights and Saturday mornings might not be able to accommodate such requests (Guerin 2015). The most recent anti-discrimination act passed on a federal level is that of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008, which prohibits discrimination on individuals based upon genetic information (such as the fact that they have a family history of a specific disease like breast cancer) (GINA, 2008)
As well as not actively discriminating against individuals based upon membership in such protected groups, employers must also ensure that the workplace does not create a hostile environment for workers in protected categories. A hostile work environment is characterized by conduct such as bullying or inappropriate jokes and advances that is debilitating to the point that it makes it impossible for the employee to perform his or her job in a competent…
Discrimination in Law Enforcement: Lethal Consequences The constitution guarantees life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness to all Americans, yet there is a group who endures a life without total liberty, restrictions on their choice of lifestyle and happiness, and unfair treatment which may even result in the untimely loss of their lives. This group of people currently facing discrimination and mistreatment is the gay and lesbian community of Washington D.C.,
Special Education According to the Federal Laws of the United States of America, "Special Education means specially designed instruction, at no cost to the parents, to meet the unique needs of a child with a disability [IDEA 97-300.26(a)]." The revised statutes of Arizona defines a child with disability as "a child who is at least three but less than twenty-two years of age, who has been evaluated and found to have
At the same time, there are limits in time for filing of the suit and the first of these is that the suit must be filed within 180 days from the date of violation. This period is extended to 300 days if the charge is also covered by the state or local anti-discrimination law. For charges under ADEA, only the state limits are valid, and this may be 300
Law Enforcement Contact With Arab SENSORY INDOOR/OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENT Law Enforcement Contact with Arab-Americans and Other Middle Eastern Groups Chapter eight is a very diverse chapter. It explores everything from describe the historical background of the Arab-Americans to displaying the demographics of Arab-American populations. It also goes in detail to mention the diversity that is within the Arab-American and other Middle Eastern communities in the United States. Other areas that this chapter sheds light
Discrimination against the elderly, against pregnant women, against women with children, against people of color are all prohibited under the law. The EEOC or Equal Employment Opportunity Commission was created to administer Title VII of the Civil Rights act and specifically to "progress race, national origin, religious, and sex discrimination claims pursuant to the statue" (Gregory, 2003). Is the EEC doing its job? During the first year alone after
Discrimination involves classifying people into different groups and giving the members of each group distinct and typically unequal treatments and rights (Wikipedia, 2003). The criteria defining the groups determine the type of discrimination. Use of the term implies that the factors on which the discrimination is based are intrinsically irrelevant to the decision being made. Typically, the discriminator views himself as superior to the injured group. The effects of discrimination