Sign Up Now
Get instant access to over 1 million+ study documents
OR
Already registered? click here to login
By creating your account, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and student honor code.
Genetics
Based on the resulting F1 and F2 phenotypes, the dominant allele is yellow and the recessive green. This was the only possible conclusion given that the parents were yellow and green, the F1 phenotypes were all yellow, and the 3:1 F2 ratio of yellow to green. In contrast, incomplete dominance would have resulted in yellowish-green peas.
If 'C' represents the yellow allele and 'c' the green, then the parents were CC and cc, and the F1 generation were all Cc. Since the F1 generation was all Cc and predicted to segregate in accordance with Mendelian inheritance, the predicted ratio would be 3:1 yellow-dominant.
Trait
Observed
Expected
Obs - Exp
(O-E)^
[(O-E)^2]/E
Yellow
Green
Chi Square
Sum =
When the Chi Square test was performed on the resulting numbers, the result was zero. This suggests that there was no difference between the results and the ratio predicted by Mendelian inheritance for a dominant-recessive set of two alleles.
Experiment 2
The result of crossing PP and pp parents, and then crossing the F1 generation with each other, revealed that the dominant allele is axial (P) and the recessive is terminal...
This conclusion is supported by getting all F1 axial flowers and an axial/terminal ratio of 3:1 for the F2 generation. If these alleles segregated according to Mendelian genetics, then the F2 generation would be predicted to result in a 3:1 ration of axial to terminal phenotypes.
Trait
Observed
Expected
Obs - Exp
(O-E)^2
[(O-E)^2]/E
Axial
75
75
0
0
0
Terminal
25
25
0
0
0
Chi Square
Sum =
0
To confirm that the axial and terminal alleles are segregating according to Mendelian genetics, a chi square test was performed on the results (see above table). The resulting chi square is zero, which means there is no difference between the results and what would be predicted according to Mendelian genetics.
If the alleles from experiments 1 and 2 were found to exist in natural world at the same ratios, then the C (yellow) and P (axial) alleles would be considered wild-type. Although many mutations result in a loss of function or expression, there are exceptions. For example, the gap-junction protein connexin…
References
Welch, K.O., Marin, R.S., Pandya, A., and Amos K.S. "Compound heterozygosity for dominant and recessive GJB2 mutations: effect on phenotypes and review of the literature." American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part A, 143A.14 2007:1567-1573.
Drosophila Lab Report During the Mendel's rule in 1900, Drosophila melanogaster became a favorite model organism for genetics research. The life cycle of the fruit flies or Drosophila melanogaster, consists of the egg-larva-pupa-adult (male and female). The chromosomes are detailed structurally in comparison to the other normal chromosomes. The chromosomes also have the capacity to show during interphase when normal chromosomes are invisible. The main objective of this experiment is to
Kin Selection The organization and functioning of human and animal societies has long been the subject of intense investigations by natural scientists, sociologists and geneticists. Darwin, who laid the foundation for modern theory of evolution, suggested 'kin selection' as an explanation for the existence of sterile females, the worker caste, in social insects like ants, bees and termites. Later, W.D. Hamilton mathematically established the Theory of Kin Selection as a mechanism
Likewise, aspects of genetic engineering and stem cell technology offer long-term hope for victims of traumatic paralysis through the use of to repair spinal cord damage by providing artificially engineered nerve growth. Ethical Controversies: Precisely because genetic engineering allows scientists to manipulate the very essence of what makes us who we are, the field has generated significant opposition. Religious beliefs about the sanctity and "special" character of human life inspired intense political
Going back further, the same religious principals also inspired opposition to organ transplants and blood transfusions; before that, the Catholic Church strictly forbade any forensic scientific research, necessitating the need to dissect cadavers for medical education entirely in secret (Levine, 2008). Just as the news media are partially at fault today for their failure to distinguish legitimate concerns from ludicrous fears in connection with the ongoing political debate over American