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Nursing leadership has a direct impact on patient outcomes and quality of care. From healthcare administration to policy decisions, from shift leadership and staff management, leadership is the cornerstone of nursing. Nurses and nurse educators are paying more attention to leadership, as research consistently shows how specific leadership styles and strategies impact specific patient outcome variables. For example, Wong, Cummings & Ducharme (2013) performed a systematic review of the literature and found that leadership is linked most directly to five categories of patient outcomes including patient satisfaction, mortality rates, adverse events, complications, and healthcare utilization. Therefore, strategic leadership is critical for the provision of effective patient care.
Strong leadership creates the type of healthcare environment that is most conducive to quality of care delivery. Factors like operational organization and procedural efficiency are directly linked to leadership (Wong, Cummings & Ducharme, 2013). Likewise, staff management styles will also have a strong bearing on patient outcomes, even if the link is indirect. Staff motivation, encouragement, and empowerment creates the environment that is most conducive to the effective delivery of patient care. On the contrary, overworked staff experience stress and burnout and may cause problems like medical errors or patient dissatisfaction. At the level of healthcare organizational administration, leadership is the most important factor for effective patient care.
Leadership is also important at the level of education and public policy. Nurse leaders serve as patient advocates, helping all patients in the community access the healthcare services they need or mobilizing resources to remote or underserved communities. Promoting healthcare policies, protocols, and procedures, nurse leaders ensure improved patient care outcomes. Moreover, effective leadership helps healthcare organizations reduce costs and manage resources better. When leadership in healthcare is optimized and linked with evidence-based practice, patient outcomes and quality of care improve.
References
Wong, C.A., Cummings, G.G. & Ducharme, L. (2013) The relationship between nursing leadership and patient outcomes: a systematic review update. Journal of Nursing Management 21 (5), 709–724. [WWW document] URL http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jonm.12116/abstract [accessed 1 July 2014]
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