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Healthy People 2020 and Tobacco Use
The Healthy People 2020 initiative provides a set of goals to improve the health of American citizens. The science-based goals set out ten-year targets to be achieved by 2020 across a wide range of health issues. One health issue included in the initiative is tobacco use with a target to reduced tobacco use to a "point that it is no longer a public health problem" (DHHS, 2012).
Over the last forty years there ahs been a wealth of research examining the health impacts associated with the use of tobacco, with tobacco use being cited as being the single most preventable cause of death in the United States (DHHS, 2012). Tobacco has a negative impact on those who smoke as well as those who do not smoke but are exposed to the second hand smoke. The health problems associated with tobacco use in cancer, heart disease, lung diseases and when the tobacco is used by a pregnant mother there are also risks of premature births, low birth weight and still births (DHHS, 2012).
The problem is not only the proven causation link, but the scale of the problem. For example, the World Health Organization (WHO found that in the U.S. It 80% of women and 90% of women diagnosed with lung cancer contract the result as a direct result of smoking
(WHO, 2003). This is significant as the CDC estimated...
Furthermore lung and bronchus cancer were the second most prevalent cancer in the U.S. (CDC, 2012). Overall, it is estimated that in the U.S. 443,000 people die every year as a direct result of tobacco use (CDC, 2005). The problem is not only seen in terms of mortality, but also morbidity, as it is estimated that for every death another 20 people are suffering at least 1 serious tobacco related illness (DHHS, 2012). The financial cost is also high, it has been estimated that the total annual health costs associated with smoking amount to $96 billion, with $4.98 billion associated purely with second hand smoke exposure (Guilfoyle, 2011).
When looking at the risk factors tobacco use of an action that is undertaken initially as a result of a personal decision. However there are a number of factors which may impact on that decision. With many individuals taking up smoking while still at school it is notable that social pressures appear to have an impact, research indicates those exposed to smoking by parents, siblings and friends show an increased probability of taking up smoking (Frieden, 2004). The behavior in terms of smoking may also impact on the health risks; the…
References
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, (CDC), (2005), Annual smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and economic costs -- United States, 1995 -- 1999, MMWR, 51(14), 300-3
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, (CDC), (2012), United States Cancer Statistics (USCS), retrieved 17th March 2012 from http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/uscs/
Frieden, Joyce, (2004, June 15), Peer pressure likely to prompt tobacco use: behavior predictors studied, Family Practice News, p66
Guilfoyle, Jessica, (2011), Toll of Tobacco in the United States of America, Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, retrieved 17th March 2012 from http://www.tobaccofreekids.org/research/factsheets/pdf/0072.pdf
US Department of Health and Human Services, (2012), Healthy People 2020, retrieved 17th March 2012 from http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/default.aspx
World Health Organization, (WHO), (2003, June), Global cancer rates could increase by 50% to 15 million by 2020, retrieved 17th March 2012 from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2003/pr27/en/
Healthy People 2020; Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity The Healthy People 2020 initiative looks at a n umber of different health issues which face the American population and sets out some goals for improving the current health status of the nation. One of the topics is nutrition, physical activity and obesity. The consumption of a healthy diet and a sufficient level of activity are for the maintenance of a healthy weight. A
CDC's Healthy Community Program Success Story Worksheet (modified version) Thank you for choosing to share your story! This worksheet will help you gather and organize information. As you read each question, imagine you are telling a friend about your program or strategy. What is the first thing you would tell them that answers the question? Consider this a summary of your policy, system, or environmental change strategy that you'll reference later. Keep
Healthy People provides nationwide objectives for 10 years that are based on science with the objective of enhancing the health of all Americans nationwide and abroad. For the past 30 years, Healthy People has established standards and monitored advancement in the course of time so as to measure the influence of prevention activities, empower individuals towards undertaken knowledgeable and well-versed health decisions, and encouraging partnerships across communities and dissimilar sectors.
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Healty People 2020 -- Binge Drinking Healthy People 2020 Healthy People 2020 -- Binge Drinking This report covers the topic of Healthy People 2020 and their focus on reducing the amount of binge drinking in adults over the next 10 years. This paper will cover the current situation, the improvability of the metric, the inclusiveness of the metric, a review of the literature related to the topic, a statistical comparison between Michigan and
Healthy People Childhood obesity is a serious medical condition that affects both children and adolescents. This condition occurs when a child is above the normal weight for their age. The number of overweight children has dramatically increased over the recent years.it is approximated that ten percent of children who are aged between four and five years are over weight twice that twenty years ago. Obesity is more prevalent in girls