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American Sociological Review 1997(62).
Boli & Thomas (1997) trace the origins of what can be called a global society. Examining the first major wave of organizations that helped create global political and social norms, the authors establish the case that a global society exists. This global society can be conceived of as a unified polity with shared social systems and norms. International NGOs (INGOs) are one of the institutional hallmarks of the global society. The study of INGOs illustrates the structure and function of global culture. Furthermore, INGOs can and should expand their role. Because they transcend the peculiarities of insular cultures and the nation-states that support them, INGOs present opportunities for human rights improvements.
Nation-states have generally responded well to the role of INGOs. INGOs have made major inroads in helping create a global society, especially in the sciences, the humanities, and various professions. Although states may remain in control of specific issues such as professional licensing, the INGO is more responsible for creating the culture...
In some ways, the influence of INGOs is paradoxical. The environment is one arena in which INGOs play a conflicting role. The global business culture often conflicts with traditional boundaries of the nation-state; and each of those interests conflicts with the best interests of environmental integrity. INGOs have made inroads in promoting women's rights as human rights, by pressuring state entities to embrace pro-female policies. The formal characteristics of global culture include universalism, individualsm, rational voluntaristic authority, progress, and world citizenship (p. 187). The INGO is replacing the state as the most significant force in political philosophy.
Questions: The control of military power remains squarely within the hands of the traditional nation-state, decades after some of the first INGOs were formed. Is there potential for the militarization of any or several INGOs? If so, what would the implications of such militarization be? Can conglomerations of like-minded nation-states serve similar functions as INGOs, only be backed by military power?
Boli & Thomas (1997) trace the origins of what can be called a global society. Examining the first major wave of organizations that helped create global political and social norms, the authors establish the case that a global society exists. This global society can be conceived of as a unified polity with shared social systems and norms. International NGOs (INGOs) are one of the institutional hallmarks of the global society. The study of INGOs illustrates the structure and function of global culture. Furthermore, INGOs can and should expand their role. Because they transcend the peculiarities of insular cultures and the nation-states that support them, INGOs present opportunities for human rights improvements.
Nation-states have generally responded well to the role of INGOs. INGOs have made major inroads in helping create a global society, especially in the sciences, the humanities, and various professions. Although states may remain in control of specific issues such as professional licensing, the INGO is more responsible for creating the culture within those professions. In some ways, the influence of INGOs is paradoxical. The environment is one arena in which INGOs play a conflicting role. The global business culture often conflicts with traditional boundaries of the nation-state; and each of those interests conflicts with the best interests of environmental integrity. INGOs have made inroads in promoting women's rights as human rights, by pressuring state entities to embrace pro-female policies. The formal characteristics of global culture include universalism, individualsm, rational voluntaristic authority, progress, and world citizenship (p. 187). The INGO is replacing the state as the most significant force in political philosophy.
Questions: The control of military power remains squarely within the hands of the traditional nation-state, decades after some of the first INGOs were formed. Is there potential for the militarization of any or several INGOs? If so, what would the implications of such militarization be? Can conglomerations of like-minded nation-states serve similar functions as INGOs, only be backed by military power?
It is also unlikely that the UN will ever really have an aggressive standing army but will continue to be required to call upon others to be its arms in any given place. "Is it not true that the nation state and state sovereignty will be with us for some time? But in what form?" (Forsythe, 2006, 26) State sovereignty will be a universal application for many years to
Although these stem cells are only a few years old, they possess unlimited potential in terms of clinical research. Specifically, scientists are focusing their potential uses in transplant medicine in order to significantly reduce the level of both infections and overall organ rejection in organ transplant surgery. The potential for using stem cells is of vast clinical and medical importance. These cells could potentially allow scientists to learn what occurs
interventionism from the perspective of realism vs. idealism. Realism is defined in relationship to states' national interests whereas idealism is defined in relation to the UN's Responsibility to Protect doctrine -- a doctrine heavily influenced by Western rhetoric over the past decade. By addressing the question of interventionism from this standpoint, by way of a case study of Libya and Syria, a picture of the realistic implications of "humanitarian
Fifteen questions used to measure willingness to AC were assembled into a questionnaire designed to examine the personality measures and items regarding employee response to various safety issues, adequacy of safety training, and attitudes toward other safety related issues. The most pertinent questions relating to AC were: If I know a coworker is going to do a hazardous job, I am willing to remind him/her of the hazards (even if the
" (Corrigall, and Konrad) Women tend to value better hours, an undemanding commute, helping others, interpersonal relationships, along with a diversity of basic job aspects more than the job components men value. These preferences, this researcher contends, could adversely or positively affect determinations related to FWH. As "society prescribes different values, attitudes and activities for women and men that lead to differences in job attribute preferences,... women's and men's job
Capitalism Is Moral Questioning the Morality of Capitalism: Moral, Immoral, or Amoral? "To trade by means of money is the code of the men of good will. Money rests on the axiom that every man is the owner of his mind and his effort. Money allows no power to prescribe the value of your effort except by the voluntary choice of the man who willing to trade you his effort in return.