For example, instead of disciplining people themselves, many Christians may use the figure of Jesus to do their work for them. He becomes a saving figure who will ensure the longevity of the group, rather than the group itself taking charge over their own decisions and fate. This represents a dependency on a religious figure, for without that figure, the entire group would be lost.
Another element of the Work Avoidance theory is the idea of the group's avoidance of actual work is tendency to fight or flight. By fleeing a stressful situation, or also fighting one's way out of the situation, the group avoids the stress associated with decision making and planning for success. Many situations arise which agitate our pre-existing psychotic anxieties which result in many members of the group refusing to work out those stressful anxieties, (Bion 457). The group either avoids the situation altogether through fleeing, or refuses to dive into the situation through fighting the effects which brought that group to that particular situation. Either way, both are more examples of how many groups refuse to take responsibility into their own hands and make essential decisions, rather they opt to allow their fate be decided by trivial outside factors.
My examination of these theories...
Goals -- For Bion, groups have specific goals that are differentiated by the manner of dissonance individuals bring: drug dependency, sexual abuse, a fatal disease, etc. This coming together out of homogeneity with a clear and stated aim -- dealing with the issue. Each group may or may not be identical in make up; for instance, there can be commonalities within the group, but the goal is the same. Uncovering
The instillation and the maintaining of hope is one of the most important factors in any type of psychotherapy (Yalom 2005). Yalom (2005) notes that hope is needed to keep the patient going to therapy in order for the other factors to take place, and "faith in treatment mode can in itself be therapeutically effective" (2005). Yalom (2005) compares the importance of the instillation of hope to the efficacy of
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