¶ … Management on Productivity and Efficiency Within the Organization Shaunna Cook

Craig McCoy

Applied Research Project

APPLIED RESEARCH PROJECT

APPLIED RESEARCH PROJECT

In all organizations, the managers and the employees play an important role. In the present day, organizations experience and go through rapid technological changes, continuously, decreasing product life cycles, globalization, international global economic setting and also the extensive accessibility to information. As a result, in order for these organizations to continue surviving and being relevant in the market, style of management becomes a significant element in the success of the organization. The role of a manager as a leader within an organization can result in different styles of management. The different styles selected by the managers have an influence on the behavioral patterns within the organization, which in turn impacts the morale and motivation of the employee. As an overall effect, the managerial style influences the level of satisfaction of the employee, which in turn, influences the level of productivity. Managers utilizing the fitting style of leadership can increase employee job satisfaction, productivity and commitment towards the organization in the long-run. Therefore, style of management, strategies employed, attitudes demanded and the culture nurtured are all elements that govern and largely impact the level of success of the organization. In essence, managerial styles can act as a form of security for the organization.

Statement of the Problem

One of the most significant issues that result in the development and advancement within an organization as well as their managers is the styles of management. There are different managerial styles, which include authoritarian style of management, participative managerial style, and benevolent authoritarian, as well as consultative style. These different styles of management can have disparate impact on the productivity and efficiency within the organization. In particular, in the present day, productivity plays a significant role in advancing the organization. For this reason, plenty of attention and emphasis is placed on the managers with regard to the level of concentration and consideration they have on their agents. The managers and their style of conduct and command can instigate increased productivity, effectiveness, and efficiency of their labor force.

In the present day, contemporary organizations are designated by incessantly changing dynamics such as the intricacy of personalization, and rivaling requirements of individuals rather than methods, dependence upon technology, and the increase of the understanding economy amongst a number of other aspects. Considering this, we can understand why managerial styles become a vital element towards not only the success, but also the survival of the organization in the present compared to the past. In present times, the mission for proper organization managerial style encompasses different aspects such as educating, encouraging, strengthening and enabling the followers or workforces to become better. The essence of management and leadership in contemporary organizations these days is the fact that leadership ought to be for the benefit of the followers and under no circumstances constantly for that enhancement from the leaders (Karimi et al., 2011.)

Intended Audience

The applied research project's intended audience includes managers of different organizations across different business sectors. This research is critical to organizations and their management team as it explores the existing relationship between the styles of management and the level of productivity from the work force. It is imperative to take note that this does not just encompass organizations such as those in the manufacturing and business industries alone. It also includes organizations such as hospitals and schools with the latter being assessed in the productivity of the teachers and the students as well. In particular, organizations as a whole are intended audiences as the paper offers a framework in which the entities can assess to improve their general level of productivity.

Value to the Audience

The applied research project will have great value to the intended audience. In particular, managers of organizations across different business sectors will be able to ascertain the different styles of management that are required to attain employee productivity and in turn steer the organization into success. In particular, the managers as well as the employees will be able to have an understanding of the suitable and appropriate relationship that is there between the style of management and the level of productivity of the personnel. Organizational commitment from the employees is determined by different elements such as job satisfaction, organizational culture as well as attitudes and behaviors necessitated within the entity. These aspects are influenced by the style of management and this project advances the knowledge of understanding how the leadership style influences productivity...

For starters, one of the main lessons will be the corresponding relationships between the style of management and the level of employee productivity and efficiency. For instance, what is the relationship between autocratic managerial style and the level of productivity? Another key aspect to be learnt from reading this will be how to relate and manage the different behaviors and attitudes of the employees or workforces. For instance, what style of management is effective and goes in tandem with gracious or stubborn followers? Therefore, this will enable the reader to ascertain the kind of relation and style to employ in order to relate with the manager or the employee in order to have effectiveness and greater level of productivity.
Method

Meta-analysis is an approach to research that focuses on analyzing a large quantity of already-performed analyses on a given subject, field or area of research (Swanson, Holton, 2005). It involves identifying, locating, reading, reviewing, assessing and categorizing the findings of various works of literature on the subject that is being analyzed. Thus, a combination of scholarly journals and databases will typically be utilized. This method will be applied for this study on management as a way of analyzing what previous research has found in the relationship between styles of management in diverse sectors and the effects of those styles on the workplace organizations. Because this stud includes such a wide variety of possibilities, it is important to narrow the focus to two or three particular styles of leadership/management and to analyze their impact on the workplace environment. This approach will examine three styles: participative managerial style, benevolent authoritarian and autocratic managerial style.

While qualitative research is good for providing a deeper level of understanding that is based on a more subjective reading of events, a meta-analysis is helpful for procuring a quantitative reading of findings. This assessment will therefore provide the reader with a better understanding of how the relationship works between management styles and worker productivity. The relevant literature will be located by using keywords such as "autocratic managerial style," "participative managerial style," "benevolent authoritarian" and any combination of these phrases with the following keywords: "organizational commitment," "worker productivity," "employee satisfaction," and "organizational success." These searches produced over 100 articles/studies that were relevant to this meta-analysis. Looking in multiple databases was necessary in order to widen the scope of the search (Lawler, Morhman, 2011).

Coding the findings of this meta-analysis depends upon employing the correct coding strategy. The key is to avoid bias. Here, the strategy employed included collating the empirical evidence that was most relevant to the focus of the effect of managerial style on the variables indicated above in the keyword search terms and identifying the key characteristics that appear in the results. The key here was to remove bias from the overall assessment. For this study, standardized mean difference (SMD) estimation was utilized in order to provide a concept of weighting to the net value of the studies.

The process of determining whether a fixed- or random-effects model would be used in order to display the different effects was settled by the expectation that the observable outcomes would vary according to study. That is to say, it was expected that the three different styles of management would have different impacts on different organizations. Understanding the relationship between styles, workplace behavior, and organization type was important to providing this meta-analysis. Thus, it was determined that a random-effects model would be most applicable for this study because it was expected that effects will be distributed over a certain range of results.

The aim here was to examine and identify sources of heterogeneity among the three management styles and the different variables discussed above. By properly categorizing and understanding the diversity of sources of effects among the manager-worker relationship (the cause-and-effect relationship, in other words), an optimum meta-analysis was conducted.

Results are generated and displayed in flow-diagrams, which provide an illustration of how data/information is connected, and pooled-effect graphs, which depict a graphic assessment of cumulative chronological events in terms of the relation between managerial style and workplace behavior within the different organization types.

Brief Review of the Literature

The endeavor to choose an 'effective management style' in an industry can be taken up only after understanding the concepts of different styles in different contexts thoroughly. Thus, an effective literature review would require analyzing each concept and style through independent percepts and parameters. It then…