6).
In ancient Mesopotamia -- according to the Indiana University (IU) -- there were two kinds of medical practitioners; the "ashipu" was also called a "sorcerer" and one of his jobs was to give a diagnosis of the medical problem. He was also accountable to determine "which god or demon was causing the illness" (IU), and to figure out if the illness resulted from "some error or sin on the part of the patient." The curing of the patient also fell into the hands of the ashipu; he used charms and spells designed to push the spirit out of the body that had caused the problem in the first place (IU). When the situation called for it, the ashipu referred his patient to the other kind of medical practitioner, the asu, a specialist in herbal remedies who also knew how to treat wounds. The asu used three "fundamental techniques: washing, bandaging, and making plasters"; the plasters were prepared by heating plant resin or animal fat with alkali (IU).
The world's first physician? According to a book by Michael Woods and Mary Boyle Woods, before there were doctors, ancient people treated themselves and their families -- or they "relied on magician or healers with no formal medical training" (Woods, et al., 2000, p. 24). A healer might typically be a farmer or shepherd tending flocks, and medicine would be just a part-time job, the author continues. But the first physician in the world, reportedly, came along near Cairo in 2650 BC, a man by the name of Imhotep, Woods explains. Dr. William Osler (who died in 1919), a Canadian doctor, wrote that Imhotep was: "…the first figure of a physician to stand out clearly from the mists of antiquity" (Woods, p. 24). Imhotep was a chancellor (main assistant) to the pharaoh Zoser, and was better known as an engineer and...
The doctors were ineffective on account of the absence of proper medicines, pain killers and even the simple instruments of the trade like the thermometer and stethoscope. (Medicine and Health) The conditions of life in Colonial America - Health Issues All was not well with the colonial settlers. People died very young from various ailments like influenza, pneumonia, tuberculosis, smallpox, malaria, rickets and a host of waterborne diseases. We can attribute
Medicine & Culture Payer, Lynn. Medicine & Culture: Varieties of Treatment in the United States, England, West Germany, and France. New York: Henry Holt, 1988. 204 pp. Many people who travel in the course of their job, or those who go abroad on holiday, are often surprised to discover that medicine and healthcare can vary enormously from that which they are used to at home. In her book Medicine & Culture, Lynn
Some authors show that, contrary to the belief that health care professionals are less sensitive than the general public toward the manipulation of the body, they in fact have great difficulty in allowing action to be taken on the deceased donor, even actions as well accepted as transplantation. Various authors have reported that, as in the general public, knowing transplant patients has a parallel in the hospital setting, and
I believe that in many cases, the early stages of dementia do not necessarily make it impossible for continued life to be worthwhile. However, there is a point of mental decline beyond which I have trouble recommending aggressive treatment of certain medical ailments intended to prolong life...to prolong life that is no longer the type of life that the patient himself would necessarily wish to prolong. Q: Do you share
Wear an elastic compression bandage or splint on the affected area. Raise the injured part so it's higher than ones' heart. This can be done by propping it up on pillows. This also helps to prevent or reduce swelling. Approximately 24 hours after the injury one should use warm compresses or a heating pad in order to soothe any aching muscles. They should take any pain medications that have been ordered by
2004; Dakovska & Kovacheva 2003; Zella, McCary, and DeLuca 2003). In addition to skeletal functions, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance, substantial volumes of research indicate that hypovitaminosis D. also contributes to systemic inflammation by virtue of more than 200 distinct gene control functions of 1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D (Holick 2007). While the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis relates to skeletal issues, the available evidence of the role of hypovitaminosis D. In systemic
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