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But most people he socialized with were for him members of a secondary group. My friend socialized with them for the purpose of getting used to a new social environment, practice his English, and find new friends. But his relationship with most people in the neighborhood and at school was not based on the kind of social intimacy that characterized his relationship with other Kurdish refugees in the neighborhood. My friend told me often that he was thankful to the United States for welcoming him in this country and that people were generally very friendly. But he also told stories about his school life and some people's treatment which were based on ethnocentrism. Some of his peers looked down upon him because of his foreignness, Kurdish accent while speaking English, and his inability to fully practice dominant American culture. For example, his peers at school sometimes would not allow him to sit next to them by placing their bags on the next seat or saying that the seat was occupied, although these same students would allow other students (local Americans)...
This type of behavior may be explained by the concept of territoriality, which refers to nonverbal communication through which people express their ownership or occupancy of space. The sense of ownership or belonging to the space, however, may be based on shared cultural values, race, age, and other social markers.
My friend told me about problems with his own community (primary group) as well. His mother, for example, was strict, demanding, and did not approve of "too much" Americanization. So, he struggled even with such rudimentary matters as dress code, proper manner of eating and drinking, and his relationship with his female peers. The demands of his mother on the one hand, and the demands of the social environment on the other, made his life difficult. But this experience, he told me, taught him many valuable lessons as well. He could better appreciate such values as community membership, political freedom, and preserving one's cultural identity. He even helped me to better appreciate these values.
Stereotyping effects not only other people image of an ethnic group but it can also influence the self-image of that group. [Tatum, 1999] describes a discussion with her children while driving them to school. A drove past a Black teenager running down the street." Why is that boy running?" my son asked. "I don't know," I said absentmindedly. "Maybe he stole something." I nearly slammed on the brakes. "Why would you
Unintentional Appropriation in Cultures The cultural appropriation concept of using another culture's symbol, genres, artifacts, rituals, or technologies, as per Rogers is just inescapable when two of them had to meet at a certain point of time. This includes both the virtual as well as the representational contacts. Such appropriations involve in exploiting the marginalized and colonized cultures and help in the survival of subordinated cultures. Their resistance to dominant cultures
Counseling Minority groups, because of different cultural value systems, often do not seek out psychological counseling in the United States. Counselors are perceived as either lacking in authority or representing a dominant culture that cannot possibly understand the needs of the minority community. Therefore, many individuals fail to receive the proper health care services they require. For example, within the Asian community, reaching out for counseling is perceived as a sign
A very large number of Mexicans and Puerto Ricans came into the country in order to get away from poverty and to find a way to make a living. The 20th-century Cuban migration, which started in 1959 when Fidel Castro took over the government of Cuba, was mostly for political motivations (The Story of Hispanics in the Americas, n.d.). According to data collected by the United States Department of Commerce,
Introduction There seems to be a national-level divide between ethnic/racial minority populations and law enforcers. Studies indicate a record decline in citizens’ satisfaction with law enforcers, with the Hispanic and African-American communities displaying lowest levels of police force satisfaction. Countrywide statistics for the year 2014, presented by Gallup, suggest that under half the Hispanic population in America and not even thirty-five percent of the African-American population believes they will be treated
Sexual, Affectional, Intersex, and Gender Expansive Identities: LGBTGEQIAP+One important consideration to keep in mind when dealing with clients who identify on the LGBTGEQIAP+ spectrum is that not all cultures are equally accepting of queer identities. As a counselor, I have not only counseled individuals who are not heterosexual; I have many friends who identify as queer, and I have grown up in a very inclusive and accepting environment. For individuals